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  • Android: Layouts and views or a single full screen custom view?

    - by futlib
    I'm developing an Android game, and I'm making it so that it can run on low end devices without GPU, so I'm using the 2D API. I have so far tried to use Android's mechanisms such as layouts and activities where possible, but I'm beginning to wonder if it's not easier to just create a single custom view (or one per activity) and do all the work there. Here's an example of how I currently do things: I'm using a layout to display the game's background as an image view and the square game area, which is a custom view, centered in the middle. What would you say? Should I continue to use layouts where possible or is it more common/reasonable to just use a large custom view? I'm thinking that this would probably also make it easier to port my code to other platforms.

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  • How do I get the point coords of a rotated SFML shaperect?

    - by user15498
    I am trying to get collisions of bullets working, and am using SFML. I am using code to get the position of the points of the rectangle for collisions, however I think there's a way to do this without having to get points but by simply getting the points from SFML, since the shape is a rectangle and the points are stored in that way. Is there a way to do that? Through a combination of getPoint() and getGlobalBounds() maybe? While on this topic, is it better to use shapeRects or sprites? I used to only use sprites, however with the addition of textures and more low level stuff I think it would be best to switch to using rectangles and setting their size.

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  • Subdividing a polygon into boxes of varying size

    - by Michael Trouw
    I would like to be pointed to information / resources for creating algorithms like the one illustrated on this blog, which is a subdivision of a polygon (in my case a voronoi cell) into several boxes of varying size: http://procworld.blogspot.nl/2011/07/city-lots.html In the comments a paper by among others the author of the blog can be found, however the only formula listed is about candidate location suitability: http://www.groenewegen.de/delft/thesis-final/ProceduralCityLayoutGeneration-Preprint.pdf Any language will do, but if examples can be given Javascript is preferred (as it is the language i am currently working with) A similar question is this one: What is an efficient packing algorithm for packing rectangles into a polygon?

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  • Passing data between engine layers

    - by spaceOwl
    I am building a software system (game engine with networking support ) that is made up of (roughly) these layers: Game Layer Messaging Layer Networking Layer Game related data is passed to the messaging layer (this could be anything that is game specific), where they are to be converted to network specific messages (which are then serialized to byte arrays). I'm looking for a way to be able to convert "game" data into "network" data, such that no strong coupling between these layers will exist. As it looks now, the Messaging layer sits between both layers (game and network) and "knows" both of them (it contains Converter objects that know how to translate between data objects of both layers back and forth). I am not sure this is the best solution. Is there a good design for passing objects between layers? I'd like to learn more about the different options.

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  • Bullet pattern isn't behaving as expected

    - by Fibericon
    I have a boss that's supposed to continuously shoot five streams of bullets, each at a different angle. It starts off just fine, but doesn't seem to want to use its entire array of bullets. No matter how large I set the length of bulletList, the boss simply stops shooting after a couple of seconds, then pick up again shortly. Here's what I'm using to generate the pattern: Vector3 direction = new Vector3(0.5f, -1, 0); for (int r = 0; r < boss.gun.bulletList.Length; r++) { if (!boss.gun.bulletList[r].isActive) { boss.gun.bulletList[r].direction = direction; boss.gun.bulletList[r].speed = boss.gun.BulletSpeedAdjustment; boss.gun.bulletList[r].position = boss.position; boss.gun.bulletList[r].isActive = true; break; } } direction = new Vector3(-0.5f, -1, 0); //Repeat with four similar for loops, to place a bullet in each direction It doesn't seem to matter if the bulletList length is 1000 or 100000. What could be the issue here?

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  • Creating a 2D Line Branch

    - by Danran
    I'm looking into creating a 2D line branch, something for a "lightning effect". I did ask this question before on creating a "lightning effect" (mainly though referring to the process of the glow & after effects the lightning has & to whether it was a good method to use or not); Methods of Creating a "Lightning" effect in 2D However i never did get around to getting it working. So i've been trying today to get a seconded attempt going but i'm getting now-were :/. So to be clear on what i'm trying to-do, in this article posted; http://drilian.com/2009/02/25/lightning-bolts/ I'm trying to create the line segments seen in the images on the site. I'm confused mainly by this line in the pseudo code; // Offset the midpoint by a random amount along the normal. midPoint += Perpendicular(Normalize(endPoint-startPoint))*RandomFloat(-offsetAmount,offsetAmount); If someone could explain this to me it would be really grateful :).

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  • How can I fix latency problems for car game?

    - by Freddy
    Basically I'm trying to make a online car racing game for IOS using Game Center real time multiplayer. I have setup a timer that sends data every 0.02 seconds to the other player with the current position and current angle. However sometimes, it will take LONGER then these 0.02 seconds for the package to be sent and then received. In this case i have implemented a method that "calculate" what the next position should be if no position is received based on the last position and angle. However, when the data then receives for let say 0.04 seconds after, it will change back to the last position, which will result in the car "jumping" back and lag. And If i just keep ignoring the data it will never take any input from the other user. Is their any way to prevent this? I suppose this needs to be fixed with some client-sided algorithm.

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  • Player sprite moving slower on iPhone 4

    - by nvillec
    I just finished getting movement/jump animation for a player sprite in Xcode using Cocos2D. The basic movement algorithm is a timer that updates every 0.01 sec, changing the sprite position to (sprite.position.x + xVel, sprite.position.y + yVel). Each time a movement button is tapped, the appropriate velocity (initialized to 0) is changed to whatever speed I choose, then a stop movement button returns the velocity to 0. It's not an ideal solution but I'm very new at this and stoked to at least have that working with little help from the internet. So I may not have explained that perfectly, but it is in fact working to my satisfaction in Xcode's iPhone Simulator, however when I build it for my device and run it on my phone, the sprite's movement speed is noticeably slower than in Xcode. At first I thought it must have to do with the resolution of the iPhone 4, making the sprite's movement path twice as long, but I found that if I pull up the multitask bar, then return to the app the speed will sometimes jump back to normal. My second theory was that the code is just inefficient and is bogging the processes down, but I would see this reflected in the frame rate wouldn't I? It stays at 59-60 the whole time, and the spritesheet animation runs at the correct speed. Has anyone experienced this? Is this a really obvious issue that I'm completely missing? Any help (or tips for optimizing my approach to movement) would be much appreciated!

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  • 2D Side scroller collision detection

    - by Shanon Simmonds
    I am trying to do some collision detection between objects and tiles, but the tiles do not have there own x and y position, they are just rendered to the x and y position given, there is an array of integers which has the ids of the tiles to use(which are given from an image and all the different colors are assigned different tiles) int x0 = camera.x / 16; int y0 = camera.y / 16; int x1 = (camera.x + screen.width) / 16; int y1 = (camera.y + screen.height) / 16; for(int y = y0; y < y1; y++) { if(y < 0 || y >= height) continue; // height is the height of the level for(int x = x0; x < x1; x++) { if(x < 0 || x >= width) continue; // width is the width of the level getTile(x, y).render(screen, x * 16, y * 16); } } I tried using the levels getTile method to see if the tile that the object was going to advance to, to see if it was a certain tile, but, it seems to only work in some directions. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong and fixes would be greatly appreciated. What's wrong is that it doesn't collide properly in every direction and also this is how I tested for a collision in the objects class if(!level.getTile((x + xa) / 16, (y + ya) / 16).isSolid()) { x += xa; y += ya; } EDIT: xa and ya represent the direction as well as the movement, if xa is negative it means the object is moving left, if its positive it is moving right, and same with ya except negative for up, positive for down.

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  • Jittery Movement, Uncontrollably Rotating + Front of Sprite?

    - by Vipar
    So I've been looking around to try and figure out how I make my sprite face my mouse. So far the sprite moves to where my mouse is by some vector math. Now I'd like it to rotate and face the mouse as it moves. From what I've found this calculation seems to be what keeps reappearing: Sprite Rotation = Atan2(Direction Vectors Y Position, Direction Vectors X Position) I express it like so: sp.Rotation = (float)Math.Atan2(directionV.Y, directionV.X); If I just go with the above, the sprite seems to jitter left and right ever so slightly but never rotate out of that position. Seeing as Atan2 returns the rotation in radians I found another piece of calculation to add to the above which turns it into degrees: sp.Rotation = (float)Math.Atan2(directionV.Y, directionV.X) * 180 / PI; Now the sprite rotates. Problem is that it spins uncontrollably the closer it comes to the mouse. One of the problems with the above calculation is that it assumes that +y goes up rather than down on the screen. As I recorded in these two videos, the first part is the slightly jittery movement (A lot more visible when not recording) and then with the added rotation: Jittery Movement So my questions are: How do I fix that weird Jittery movement when the sprite stands still? Some have suggested to make some kind of "snap" where I set the position of the sprite directly to the mouse position when it's really close. But no matter what I do the snapping is noticeable. How do I make the sprite stop spinning uncontrollably? Is it possible to simply define the front of the sprite and use that to make it "face" the right way?

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  • How to send multiple MVP matrices to a vertex shader in OpenGL ES 2.0

    - by Carbon Crystal
    I'm working my way through optimizing the rendering of sprites in a 2D game using OpenGL ES and I've hit the limit of my knowledge when it comes to GLSL and vertex shaders. I have two large float buffers containing my vertex coordinates and texture coordinates (eventually this will be one buffer) for multiple sprites in order to perform a single glDrawArrays call. This works but I've hit a snag when it comes to passing the transformation matrix into the vertex shader. My shader code is: uniform mat4 u_MVPMatrix; attribute vec4 a_Position; attribute vec2 a_TexCoordinate; varying vec2 v_TexCoordinate; void main() { v_TexCoordinate = a_TexCoordinate; gl_Position = u_MVPMatrix * a_Position; } In Java (Android) I am using a FloatBuffer to store the vertex/texture data and this is provided to the shader like so: mGlEs20.glVertexAttribPointer(mVertexHandle, Globals.GL_POSITION_VERTEX_COUNT, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mVertexCoordinates); mGlEs20.glVertexAttribPointer(mTextureCoordinateHandle, Globals.GL_TEXTURE_VERTEX_COUNT, GLES20.GL_FLOAT, false, 0, mTextureCoordinates); (The Globals.GL_POSITION_VERTEX_COUNT etc are just integers with the value of 2 right now) And I'm passing the MVP (Model/View/Projection) matrix buffer like this: GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(mMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, mModelCoordinates); (mModelCoordinates is a FloatBuffer containing 16-float sequences representing the MVP matrix for each sprite) This renders my scene but all the sprites share the same transformation, so it's obviously only picking the first 16 elements from the buffer which makes sense since I am passing in "1" as the second parameter. The documentation for this method says: "This should be 1 if the targeted uniform variable is not an array of matrices, and 1 or more if it is an array of matrices." So I tried modifying the shader with a fixed size array large enough to accomodate most of my scenarios: uniform mat4 u_MVPMatrix[1000]; But this lead to an error in the shader: cannot convert from 'uniform array of 4X4 matrix of float' to 'Position 4-component vector of float' This just seems wrong anyway as it's not clear to me how the shader would know when to transition to the next matrix anyway. Anyone have an idea how I can get my shader to pick up a different MVP matrix (i.e. the NEXT 16 floats) from my MVP buffer for every 4 vertices it encounters? (I am using GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP so each sprite has 4 vertices). Thanks!

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  • Breakout ball collision detection, bouncing against the walls [solved]

    - by Sri Harsha Chilakapati
    I'm currently trying to program a breakout game to distribute it as an example game for my own game engine. http://game-engine-for-java.googlecode.com/ But the problem here is that I can't get the bouncing condition working properly. Here's what I'm using. public void collision(GObject other){ if (other instanceof Bat || other instanceof Block){ bounce(); } else if (other instanceof Stone){ other.destroy(); bounce(); } //Breakout.HIT.play(); } And here's by bounce() method public void bounce(){ boolean left = false; boolean right = false; boolean up = false; boolean down = false; if (dx < 0) { left = true; } else if (dx > 0) { right = true; } if (dy < 0) { up = true; } else if (dy > 0) { down = true; } if (left && up) { dx = -dx; } if (left && down) { dy = -dy; } if (right && up) { dx = -dx; } if (right && down) { dy = -dy; } } The ball bounces the bat and blocks but when the block is on top of the ball, it won't bounce and moves upwards out of the game. What I'm missing? Is there anything to implement? Please help me.. Thanks EDIT: Have changed the bounce method. public void bounce(GObject other){ //System.out.println("y : " + getY() + " other.y + other.height - 2 : " + (other.getY() + other.getHeight() - 2)); if (getX()+getWidth()>other.getX()+2){ setHorizontalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_RIGHT); } else if (getX()<(other.getX()+other.getWidth()-2)){ setHorizontalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_LEFT); } if (getY()+getHeight()>other.getY()+2){ setVerticalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_UP); } else if (getY()<(other.getY()+other.getHeight()-2)){ setVerticalDirection(Direction.DIRECTION_DOWN); } } EDIT: Solved now. See the changed method in my answer.

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  • Creating Gun objects with upgrades?

    - by zardon
    I have a series of guns in my game. I use the Gun class/object like this: (Just an example) @interface Gun : NSObject { NSString *name; // Six-shooter NSNumber *cost; NSNumber *clipPrice; // ie: 700 NSNumber *clipCapacity; // 6 NSNumber *ammoCapacity; // 6 NSNumber *damage; // 0-10 NSNumber *accuracy; // 0-10 NSNumber *fireRate; // 0-10 NSNumber *range; // 0-10 // Not sure if I have all the stats, but this is fine for now } Lets say I want to have 3 upgrades per gun. My problem is I am not sure how to do this. Examples: increase fire-rate increase range increase accuracy silencer double ammo capacity (ie: Drum) double clip capacity (ie: Taped magazine) Thus my question is, I'd like to implement an upgrade system to guns but I am not sure how to do it. Would there be an Upgrade object which is a child to the Gun class, or would it be seperate class altogether. Thanks for your time.

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  • Should components have sub-components in a component-based system like Artemis?

    - by Daniel Ingraham
    I am designing a game using Artemis, although this is more of philosophical question about component-based design in general. Let's say I have non-primitive data which applies to a given component (a Component "animal" may have qualities such as "teeth" or "diet"). There are three ways to approach this in data-driven design, as I see it: 1) Generate classes for these qualities using "traditional" OOP. I imagine this has negative implications for performance, as systems then must be made aware of these qualities in order to process them. It also seems counter to the overall philosophy of data-driven design. 2) Include these qualities as sub-components. This seems off, in that we are now confusing the role of components with that of entities. Moreover out of the box Artemis isn't capable of mapping these subcomponents onto their parent components. 3) Add "teeth", "diet", etc. as components to the overall entity alongside "animal". While this feels odd hierarchically, it may simply be a peculiarity of component-based systems. I suspect 3 is the correct way to think about things, but I was curious about other ideas.

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  • Creating Rectangle-based buttons with OnClick events

    - by Djentleman
    As the title implies, I want a Button class with an OnClick event handler. It should fire off connected events when it is clicked. This is as far as I've made it: public class Button { public event EventHandler OnClick; public Rectangle Rec { get; set; } public string Text { get; set; } public Button(Rectangle rec, string text) { this.Rec = rec; this.Text = text; } } I have no clue what I'm doing with regards to events. I know how to use them but creating them myself is another matter entirely. I've also made buttons without using events that work on a case-by-case basis. So basically, I want to be able to attach methods to the OnClick EventHandler that will fire when the Button is clicked (i.e., the mouse intersects Rec and the left mouse button is clicked).

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  • Has a multi player graphic adventure* ever been made?

    - by Petruza
    By graphic adventure, I mean point & click LucasArts-type games. Those games have a mostly linear structure in nature, and usually don't offer as many variants as other games types like action, rpg, strategy, which makes this genre difficult to implement a multi-player feature. I'd like to know if there has been any attempts on doing such a thing, and if it would be viable, as players going offline or leaving a game in the middle would affect significantly the other players' game.

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  • Manually updating HTML5 local storage?

    - by hustlerinc
    I'm just starting out HTML5 game developement (and game dev in general) and watching all the videos and tutorials available something has crossed my mind. Everyone keep saying I should set the cookie's (or cached files) to be expired after a certain amount of time. So that when it reaches that time the browser automatically downloads all assets again, even if it's the same asset's. Wouldn't it be possible to manually define the version of the game? For example the user has downloaded all the files for 1.01 of the game, when updating I change a simple variable to 1.02. When the user logs in it would compare his version to the current and if they are not equal only then it downloads the files? This could even be improved to download only specific files depending on what needs to be updated? Would this be possible or am I just dreaming? What are the possible downsides of this approach?

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  • Collision in PyGame for spinning rectangular object.touching circles

    - by OverAchiever
    I'm creating a variation of Pong. One of the differences is that I use a rectangular structure as the object which is being bounced around, and I use circles as paddles. So far, all the collision handling I've worked with was using simple math (I wasn't using the collision "feature" in PyGame). The game is contained within a 2-dimensional continuous space. The idea is that the rectangular structure will spin at different speed depending on how far from the center you touch it with the circle. Also, any extremity of the rectangular structure should be able to touch any extremity of the circle. So I need to keep track of where it has been touched on both the circle and the rectangle to figure out the direction it will be bounced to. I intend to have basically 8 possible directions (Up, down, left, right and the half points between each one of those). I can work out the calculation of how the objected will be dislocated once I get the direction it will be dislocated to based on where it has been touch. I also need to keep track of where it has been touched to decide if the rectangular structure will spin clockwise or counter-clockwise after it collided. Before I started coding, I read the resources available at the PyGame website on the collision class they have (And its respective functions). I tried to work out the logic of what I was trying to achieve based on those resources and how the game will function. The only thing I could figure out that I could do was to make each one of these objects as a group of rectangular objects, and depending on which rectangle was touched the other would behave accordingly and give the illusion it is a single object. However, not only I don't know if this will work, but I also don't know if it is gonna look convincing based on how PyGame redraws the objects. Is there a way I can use PyGame to handle these collision detections by still having a single object? Can I figure out the point of collision on both objects using functions within PyGame precisely enough to achieve what I'm looking for? P.s: I hope the question was specific and clear enough. I apologize if there were any grammar mistakes, English is not my native language.

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  • Displaying a grid based map using C++ and sdl

    - by user15386
    I am trying to create a roguelike game using c++ and SDL. However, I am having trouble getting it to display the map, which is represented by a 2d array of a tile class. Currently, my code is this: for (int y = 0; y!=MAPHEIGHT; y++) { for (int x = 0; x!=MAPWIDTH 1; x++) { apply_surface( x * TILEWIDTH, y * TILEHEIGHT, mymap[x][y].image, screen ); } } However, running this code causes it to both dither for a while before opening the SDL window, and (usually) tell me there is an access violation. How can I display my map?

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  • How to procedurally (create) grow an artistic (2D) tree in real-time (L-System?).

    - by lalan
    Recently I programmed an L-system module, It got me interested further. I am a Plants vs Zombies junkie as well, really liked the concept of Tree of Wisdom. Would love to create similar procedural art just for fun and learn more. Question: How should I approach the process of creating an artistic tree (2d perhaps with fixed camera/perspective) dynamically? Ideally I would like to start with a plant (only a stem with a leaf) and grow it dynamically using some influence (input/user action) over its structure. These influences may result in different type of branching, curves in branches, its spread, location of fruits, color of flowers, etc. Want it to be really full of life/spirit. :) Plants vs Zombies: Tree of wisdom It would be great to dynamically grow a similar tree, but with lot more variation and animations happening. My Background: Student / Programmer, have used few game engines (Ogre3d, cocos2d, unity). Haven't really programmed directly using openGL, trying to fix that :). I am ready to spend considerable time, Please let me know about the APIs? and how would an expert like you would take on this problem? Why 2D? I think it's easier to solve the problem only considering 2 dimensions. Artistic inspirations: Only the tree, with fruits and leaves, without the shrubs at the bottom The large tree (visible branches, green leaves, flowers, fruits, etc) on the left, behind monkey. PixelJunk's Eden (Art style inspiration). Procedurally Generated Apple Tree using Fractals Please let me know if it was easy for you to understand the question, I may elaborate further. I hope a discussion of various approach would be helpful for everyone. You guys are awesome.

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  • What are the different ways to texture a terrain?

    - by ApocKalipsS
    I'm working with XNA on a 3D Game, and I'm trying to have a proper and nice environnement. I actually followed a tutorial to create a terrain from a Heightmap, and to texture it, I just apply a grass texture on it and tile it a number of times. But what I want to do is to have a really realistic texturing, but also generate it automatically (for example if I want to use a perlin noise to generate a terrain and then texture it). I already learnt about multi-texturing, loading a map file with different colors for different textures, but I don't think this is really efficient, for instance for cliffs or very steep areas it will tile a texture badly as it's a view from the top. Also I don't know how i'll draw roads or dirt paths with that. I hope you understood me despite my english! If you don't, basically, here what I want to do: How do I texture a randomly generated terrain? :) Thank you for your answers!

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  • Space invaders clone not moving properly

    - by ThePlan
    I'm trying to make a basic space invaders clone in allegro 5, I've got my game set up, basic events and such, here is the code: #include <allegro5/allegro.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_image.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_primitives.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_font.h> #include <allegro5/allegro_ttf.h> #include "Entity.h" // GLOBALS ========================================== const int width = 500; const int height = 500; const int imgsize = 3; bool key[5] = {false, false, false, false, false}; bool running = true; bool draw = true; // FUNCTIONS ======================================== void initSpaceship(Spaceship &ship); void moveSpaceshipRight(Spaceship &ship); void moveSpaceshipLeft(Spaceship &ship); void initInvader(Invader &invader); void moveInvaderRight(Invader &invader); void moveInvaderLeft(Invader &invader); void initBullet(Bullet &bullet); void fireBullet(); void doCollision(); void updateInvaders(); void drawText(); enum key_t { UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT, SPACE }; enum source_t { INVADER, DEFENDER }; int main(void) { if(!al_init()) { return -1; } Spaceship ship; Invader invader; Bullet bullet; al_init_image_addon(); al_install_keyboard(); al_init_font_addon(); al_init_ttf_addon(); ALLEGRO_DISPLAY *display = al_create_display(width, height); ALLEGRO_EVENT_QUEUE *event_queue = al_create_event_queue(); ALLEGRO_TIMER *timer = al_create_timer(1.0 / 60); ALLEGRO_BITMAP *images[imgsize]; ALLEGRO_FONT *font1 = al_load_font("arial.ttf", 20, 0); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_keyboard_event_source()); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_display_event_source(display)); al_register_event_source(event_queue, al_get_timer_event_source(timer)); images[0] = al_load_bitmap("defender.bmp"); images[1] = al_load_bitmap("invader.bmp"); images[2] = al_load_bitmap("explosion.bmp"); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[0], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[1], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); al_convert_mask_to_alpha(images[2], al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); initSpaceship(ship); initBullet(bullet); initInvader(invader); al_start_timer(timer); while(running) { ALLEGRO_EVENT ev; al_wait_for_event(event_queue, &ev); if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_TIMER) { draw = true; if(key[RIGHT] == true) moveSpaceshipRight(ship); if(key[LEFT] == true) moveSpaceshipLeft(ship); } else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_DISPLAY_CLOSE) running = false; else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_EVENT_KEY_DOWN) { switch(ev.keyboard.keycode) { case ALLEGRO_KEY_ESCAPE: running = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_LEFT: key[LEFT] = true; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_RIGHT: key[RIGHT] = true; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_SPACE: key[SPACE] = true; break; } } else if(ev.type == ALLEGRO_KEY_UP) { switch(ev.keyboard.keycode) { case ALLEGRO_KEY_LEFT: key[LEFT] = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_RIGHT: key[RIGHT] = false; break; case ALLEGRO_KEY_SPACE: key[SPACE] = false; break; } } if(draw && al_is_event_queue_empty(event_queue)) { draw = false; al_draw_bitmap(images[0], ship.pos_x, ship.pos_y, 0); al_flip_display(); al_clear_to_color(al_map_rgb(0, 0, 0)); } } al_destroy_font(font1); al_destroy_event_queue(event_queue); al_destroy_timer(timer); for(int i = 0; i < imgsize; i++) al_destroy_bitmap(images[i]); al_destroy_display(display); } // FUNCTION LOGIC ====================================== void initSpaceship(Spaceship &ship) { ship.lives = 3; ship.speed = 2; ship.pos_x = width / 2; ship.pos_y = height - 20; } void initInvader(Invader &invader) { invader.health = 100; invader.count = 40; invader.speed = 0.5; invader.pos_x = 300; invader.pos_y = 300; } void initBullet(Bullet &bullet) { bullet.speed = 10; } void moveSpaceshipRight(Spaceship &ship) { ship.pos_x += ship.speed; if(ship.pos_x >= width) ship.pos_x = width-30; } void moveSpaceshipLeft(Spaceship &ship) { ship.pos_x -= ship.speed; if(ship.pos_x <= 0) ship.pos_x = 0+30; } However it's not behaving the way I want it to behave, in fact the behavior for the ship movement is un-normal. Basically I specified that the ship only moves when the right/left key is down, however the ship is moving constantly to the direction of the key pressed, it never stops although it should only move while my key is down. Even more weird behavior, when I press the opposite key the ship completely stops no matter what else I press. What's wrong with the code? Why does the ship move constantly even after I specified it only moves when a key is down?

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  • Directional and orientation problem

    - by Ahmed Saleh
    I have drawn 5 tentacles which are shown in red. I have drew those tentacles on a 2D Circle, and positioned them on 5 vertices of the that circle. BTW, The circle is never be drawn, I have used it to simplify the problem. Now I wanted to attached that circle with tentacles underneath the jellyfish. There is a problem with the current code but I don't know what is it. You can see that the circle is parallel to the base of the jelly fish. I want it to be shifted so that it be inside the jelly fish. but I don't know how. I tried to multiply the direction vector to extend it but that didn't work. // One tentacle is constructed from nodes // Get the direction of the first tentacle's node 0 to node 39 of that tentacle; Vec3f dir = m_tentacle[0]->geNodesPos()[0] - m_tentacle[0]->geNodesPos()[39]; // Draw the circle with tentacles on it Vec3f pos = m_SpherePos; drawCircle(pos,dir,30,m_tentacle.size()); for (int i=0; i<m_tentacle.size(); i++) { m_tentacle[i]->Draw(); } // Draw the jelly fish, and orient it on the 2D Circle gl::pushMatrices(); Quatf q; // assign quaternion to rotate the jelly fish around the tentacles q.set(Vec3f(0,-1,0),Vec3f(dir.x,dir.y,dir.z)); // tanslate it to the position of the whole creature per every frame gl::translate(m_SpherePos.x,m_SpherePos.y,m_SpherePos.z); gl::rotate(q); // draw the jelly fish at center 0,0,0 drawHemiSphere(Vec3f(0,0,0),m_iRadius,90); gl::popMatrices();

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  • Why can't I compare two Texture2D's?

    - by Fiona
    I am trying to use an accessor, as it seems to me that that is the only way to accomplish what I want to do. Here is my code: Game1.cs public class GroundTexture { private Texture2D dirt; public Texture2D Dirt { get { return dirt; } set { dirt = value; } } } public class Main : Game { public static Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; GroundTexture groundTexture = new GroundTexture(); public static Texture2D dirt; protected override void LoadContent() { Tile tile = (Tile)currentLevel.GetTile(20, 20); dirt = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Dirt"); groundTexture.Dirt = dirt; Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) { player.TileCollision(groundBounds); } base.Update(gameTime); } } I removed irrelevant information from the LoadContent and Update functions. On the following line: if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) I am getting the error Operator '==' cannot be applied to operands of type 'Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Texture2D' and 'Game1.GroundTexture' Am I using the accessor correctly? And why do I get this error? "Dirt" is Texture2D, so they should be comparable. This using a few functions from a program called Realm Factory, which is a tile editor. The numbers "20, 20" are just a sample of the level I made below: tile.Texture returns the sprite, which here is the content item Dirt.png Thank you very much! (I posted this on the main Stackoverflow site, but after several days didn't get a response. Since it has to do mainly with Texture2D, I figured I'd ask here.)

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  • Create a kind of Interface c++ [migrated]

    - by Liuka
    I'm writing a little 2d rendering framework with managers for input and resources like textures and meshes (for 2d geometry models, like quads) and they are all contained in a class "engine" that interacts with them and with a directX class. So each class have some public methods like init or update. They are called by the engine class to render the resources, create them, but a lot of them should not be called by the user: //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" loadtexture(); gettexture(); //called by the user } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() { //initialize all the managers } Render(){...} Update(){...} Tmanager* GetTManager(){return &texManager;} //to get a pointer to the manager //if i want to create or get textures } In this way the user, calling Engine::GetTmanager will have access to all the public methods of Tmanager, including init update and rendertexture, that must be called only by Engine inside its init, render and update functions. So, is it a good idea to implement a user interface in the following way? //in pseudo c++ //the textures manager class class TManager { private: vector textures; .... public: init(); update(); renderTexture(); //called by the "engine class" friend class Tmanager_UserInterface; operator Tmanager_UserInterface*(){return reinterpret_cast<Tmanager_UserInterface*>(this)} } class Tmanager_UserInterface : private Tmanager { //delete constructor //in this class there will be only methods like: loadtexture(); gettexture(); } class Engine { private: Tmanager texManager; public: Init() Render() Update() Tmanager_UserInterface* GetTManager(){return texManager;} } //in main function //i need to load a texture //i always have access to Engine class engine-GetTmanger()-LoadTexture(...) //i can just access load and get texture; In this way i can implement several interface for each object, keeping visible only the functions i (and the user) will need. There are better ways to do the same?? Or is it just useless(i dont hide the "framework private functions" and the user will learn to dont call them)? Before i have used this method: class manager { public: //engine functions userfunction(); } class engine { private: manager m; public: init(){//call manager init function} manageruserfunciton() { //call manager::userfunction() } } in this way i have no access to the manager class but it's a bad way because if i add a new feature to the manager i need to add a new method in the engine class and it takes a lot of time. sorry for the bad english.

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