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  • How to fix Duplicate sources.list entry?

    - by Harbhag
    I keep getting this warning whenever I try to run sudo apt-get update. W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems Below is the output from /etc/apt/sources.list file: deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse How do I fix it?

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  • How to solve SocketException: Permission denied: connect

    - by luxinxian
    I recently encountered a problem getting a headache, need help... System consists of: Two subsystems, called A, B (each running on a standalone tomcat instance), currently running on the same machine. A invoke B's service via spring httpInvoker(http). B system also invoke other system's services via http. Symptoms: 1, the system starts to run normally after 10-15 days; 2, the system will run for a period of time after an exception: org.springframework.remoting.RemoteAccessException: Could not access HTTP invoker remote service at [http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/remoting/call]; nested exception is java. net.SocketException: Permission denied: connect 3, when the exception occour, it continues, not only occasional .(it looks like some resources exhausted, but cpu rate < 5%, memory < 15%, network < 5%) 4, A, B when the system call fails, B system via http call to an external service also failed for the same exception. 5, closed two tomcat services, restart, and working properly. So repeatedly (step 1 - 5), has not found the root reason. Emvironment: windows 2008 R2 tomcat7.0.42 x86_64 oralce-jdk-1.7.0_40 Any ideas?

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  • How To Find Reasons of Why Site Goes Online/Offline

    - by HollerTrain
    Seems today a website I manage has been going online and offline throughout the entire day. I have no idea what is causing the issue so I am seeking guidance on where to start. It is a Wordpress based site. So here is what I DO know: I use a program that pings the server every minute and when the server is not responding me it emails me, so I can know exactly when the site is online and offline. The site between 8pm to 12pm 12.28, and around the 1a hour early morning 12.29 (New York City timezone, and all times below are in same timezone). At the time of the ups/downs I see a lot of strain on the memory usage. Look at the load average when the site is going online/offline (http://screencast.com/t/BRlfXkqrbJII). Then I ran this command to restart http (http://screencast.com/t/usVtYWZ2Qi) and the memory usage then goes down to this (http://screencast.com/t/VdTIy3bgZiQB). An hour after I restarted http, the site then went offline/online so restarting the http didn't do much help. When the site is going offline/online, I ran the top command and get this (http://screencast.com/t/zEwr7YQj3). Here is a top command when the site is at it's lowest (http://screencast.com/t/eaMfha9lbT - so this would be dubbged "normal"). Here is a bandwidth report (http://screencast.com/t/AS0h2CH1Gypq). The traffic doesn't seem to be that much (http://screencast.com/t/s7hrWNNic1K), but looking at my times the site is going up/down this may be one of the reasons? I have the dvp Nitro package at Media Temple (http://mediatemple.net/webhosting/nitro/). So at this point I would request some help in trying to figure out what the cause of this is, and how I can go about pinpointing this issue. ANY HELP is greatly appreciated.

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  • Moving from http to https - Google webmaster tools | Bing webmaster tools

    - by user2240778
    I'm moving from http to https for my entire site. The site is currently added to google webmaster tools as www.example.com and all the pages are indexed as http. How do i go about moving to the new https URLs on Google webmaster tools. Do I just submit a updated sitemap which has the https URLs OR Do I add a new site as https://www.example.com and submit the sitemap with https urls? All the http urls are set to redirect to their https counterparts.

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  • IIS6 Multiple SSL websites to a single HTTP website?

    - by docflabby
    Running a IIS6 server on Windows 2003. All the websites use ASP.NET I have a number of websites all running separate HTTP websites: www.domain1.com www.domain2.com www.domain3.com I have a separate HTTPS website www.secure.com These websites are all running on the same server. I now wish to intergrate the content of www.secure.com into each of the domains in a transparent way. Such that each website despite having its own SSL connection displays the same website. The complicatrion is www.secure.com needs to know which website the connection has come from to apply the appropriate branding. The idea behind this is to have only one website, and location, but it keeps the core website brand. https://domain1.com looks alot better from a marketing point of view (and avoids users getting confused about what our secure website is) SSL www.domain1.com/secure - displays www.secure.com (branded domain1) SSL www.domain2.com/secure - displays www.secure.com (branded domain2) SSL www.domain3.com/secure - displays www.secure.com (branded domain3) How would the best way of achieving this, i'm open to using additional software if necessery. Would a reverse proxy be sutible for this situation?

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  • Server 2003 and XP Client; Why are HTTP connections being silently dropped.

    - by Asa Yeamans
    On my network, my edge-router, a windows 2003 r2 server router with all the latest updates, will drop packets, but only under specific circumstances. I have troubleshot and isolated it down to the most simple configuration i can. There is NO NAT involved. Only fully-public IP addresses. No Firewalls are running either, all ahve been disabled. no packet filters on any interfaces anywhere either. I have a single Windows XP virtual machine and my edge-router(the windows 2003 r2 server, and also a virtual machine) running on a windows 2008 x64 r2 system (running virtual server 2005 as i dont have Intel-VT compatible chip yet). The edge router can access any external http site just fine, no issues. However the windows XP machine is only able to access certain sites. These work: www.google.com www.txstate.edu www.workintexas.com www.thedailywtf.com . These Dont: www.yahoo.com www.utexas.edu en.wikipedia.org slashdot.org www.bing.com. I have removed all possibility of DNS issues by connecting with net-cat from the XP box and sending GET /\r\nHost: \r\n\r\n and that connection replicates the issue as well. The network setup: My statically assigned IP block: x.x.x.168/29 DSL Modem -----PPPoE Connection---- x.x.x.169[EdgeRouter] [EdgeRouter]x.x.x.170 -----Virtual Ethernet----- x.x.x.174 [Test2] Test2's Default gateway is x.x.x.170 and test2 can ping any and every valid, accessible, public IP address with no packet loss what-so-ever. If i connect directly over PPPoE from test2 (the XP box) everything works just fine... Im at my wits end, i have NO IDEA whats causing this.

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  • Is this safe? <a href=http://javascript:...>

    - by KajMagnus
    I wonder if href and src attributes on <a> and <img> tags are always safe w.r.t. XSS attacks, if they start with http:// or https://. For example, is it possible to append javascript: ... to the href and src attribute in some manner, to execute code? Disregarding whether or not the destination page is e.g. a pishing site, or the <img src=...> triggers a terribly troublesome HTTP GET request. Background: I'm processing text with markdown, and then I sanitize the resulting HTML (using Google Caja's JsHtmlSanitizer). Some sample code in Google Caja assumes all hrefs and srcs that start with http:// or https:// are safe -- I wonder if it's safe to use that sample code. Kind regards, Kaj-Magnus

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  • Impact of migrating home page from http to https on search results

    - by 2Stroke SEO
    Guys - I've just had to change one of my site's home page to https from http. I had plenty links coming into the http page and was performing well in Google against many of my targeted search phrases. I did a 301 redirect from the http page to transfer the link juice to the https page (and to prevent duplicate content issues), but my search rankings have tanked which indicates no link juice has been transferred. My PR has vanished - which I'd expect - but I'm really surprised that the SERP rankings fell off the face of the earth. Anyone have any ideas how I can recover this. I've waited a couple of months since the changes took effect just in case Google was taking time to check it out.

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  • Impact of migrating home page from HTTP to HTTPS on search results

    - by 2Stroke SEO
    I've had to change one of my site's home page to HTTPS from HTTP. I had plenty of links coming into the HTTP page and was performing well in Google against many of my targeted search phrases. I did a 301 redirect from the HTTP page to transfer the link juice to the HTTPS page (and to prevent duplicate content issues) but my search rankings have tanked which indicates no link juice has been transferred. My PageRank has vanished - which I'd expect - but I'm really surprised that the SERP rankings fell off the face of the earth. Anyone have any ideas how I can recover from this? I've waited a couple of months since the changes took effect just in case Google was taking time to check it out.

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  • How to configure nginx so it works with Express?

    - by Michal Stefanow
    I'm trying to configure nginx so it proxy_pass requests to my node apps. Question on StackOverflow got many upvotes: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5009324/node-js-nginx-and-now and I'm using config from there. (but since question is about server configuration it is supposed to be on ServerFault) Here is the nginx configuration: server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; root /var/www/services.stefanow.net/public_html; index index.html index.htm; server_name services.stefanow.net; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } location /test-express { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3002; } location /test-http { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3003; } } Using plain node: var http = require('http'); http.createServer(function (req, res) { res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); res.end('Hello World\n'); }).listen(3003, '127.0.0.1'); console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3003/'); It works! Check: http://services.stefanow.net/test-http Using express: var express = require('express'); var app = express(); // app.get('/', function(req, res) { res.redirect('/index.html'); }); app.get('/index.html', function(req, res) { res.send("blah blah index.html"); }); app.listen(3002, "127.0.0.1"); console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:3002/'); It doesn't work :( See: http://services.stefanow.net/test-express I know that something is going on. a) test-express is NOT running b) text-express is running (and I can confirm it is running via command line while ssh on the server) root@stefanow:~# service nginx restart * Restarting nginx nginx [ OK ] root@stefanow:~# curl localhost:3002 Moved Temporarily. Redirecting to /index.html root@stefanow:~# curl localhost:3002/index.html blah blah index.html I tried setting headers as described here: http://www.nginxtips.com/how-to-setup-nginx-as-proxy-for-nodejs/ (still doesn't work) proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-NginX-Proxy true; I also tried replacing '127.0.0.1' with 'localhost' and vice versa Please advise. I'm pretty sure I miss some obvious detail and I would like to learn more. Thank you.

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  • Can't authenticate with different NTLM credentials in one session with java.net.URLConnection

    - by ndn
    When I access a HTTP server using the standard Java API (java.net.URLConnection), the credentials are "cached" after the first successful authentication, and subsequent calls to Authenticator.setDefault() have no effect. So, I need to restart the application in order to use different credentials. I don't observe this effect when Basic Authentication is used. But I need to use NTLM for the server I'm accessing, and the Jakarta Commons HttpClient isn't an alternative either because it doesn't support NTLMv2 (see http://oaklandsoftware.com/papers/ntlm.html) Looking at the packets using Wireshark, I also observe that before the first successful authentication, an authentication with the current Windows credentials is attempted first. But after succesful authentication, only the saved credentials are used. Is there any way to reset or change the credentials java.net.Authenticator is using after a successful NTLM authentication?

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  • What MS technology to use for HTTP service returning XML?

    - by Borek
    I need to create a service that: accepts HTTP requests (with query string or HTTP POST parameters) does some processing on the requests (checking if the request is valid, authentication etc.) reads data from a custom store (another HTTP call in our case) returns the result as custom XML (defined with XSD) I'm trying to think of various MS technologies that could help me and how good they would be for this scenario (pretty standard one I guess). The tasks above are relatively separate, this is what comes to mind: HTTP front-end: ASP.NET Web Forms ASP.NET MVC (seems more appropriate here as I won't need server controls, view state etc.) WCF? Don't know much about it or how well it would suit my task. Custom logic on the server: this will probably be a generic C# code in all cases (sometimes "plugged into" or called from MVC controllers or some equivalent place in other technologies) Reading data from internal data stores: As said, this is another HTTP server in our case. Options that come to mind: Just read the data using something like WebClient (Just theoretically) implement a LINQ provider (Just even more theoretically) implement an EF provider Output the data as custom XML: Linq2XML Serialization? Is it flexible enough? Does WCF provide some tools for this? Some "OXM" - Object/XML mapper if there is something like that for .NET I may be wrong in many of my assumptions, this is just a quick list that comes to mind after a quick research. Some general notes / questions: Testing is important Solution with a clear domain model would be much preferred over the one without Can Entity Framework actually help somewhere in my scenario? If so, where and how? Would WCF be an appropriate technology for this? I don't know much about it.

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  • Getting the location from a WebClient on a HTTP 302 Redirect?

    - by Michael Stum
    I have a URL that returns a HTTP 302 redirect, and I would like to get the URL it redirects to. The problem is that System.Net.WebClient seems to actually follow it, which is bad. HttpWebRequest seems to do the same. Is there a way to make a simple HTTP Request and get back the target Location without the WebClient following it? I'm tempted to do raw socket communication as HTTP is simple enough, but the site uses HTTPS and I don't want to do the Handshaking. At the end, I don't care which class I use, I just don't want it to follow HTTP 302 Redirects :)

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  • How to accomplish "AuthType None" in Apache 2.2

    - by Technorati
    http://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_authn_core.html#authtype talks about "AuthType None", and has an awesome example of exactly what I need to do - unfortunately, it appears to be new to 2.3/2.4. Is there any equivalent feature in 2.2? The authentication type None disables authentication. When authentication is enabled, it is normally inherited by each subsequent configuration section, unless a different authentication type is specified. If no authentication is desired for a subsection of an authenticated section, the authentication type None may be used; in the following example, clients may access the /www/docs/public directory without authenticating: <Directory /www/docs> AuthType Basic AuthName Documents AuthBasicProvider file AuthUserFile /usr/local/apache/passwd/passwords Require valid-user </Directory> <Directory /www/docs/public> AuthType None Require all granted </Directory>

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  • Can WCF TCP and HTTP endpoints have the same port?

    - by dlanod
    I'm interested in one WCF server exposing both HTTP and TCP interfaces. It'll be used with Silverlight clients, so the thinking is that the HTTP interface will be for secure communications while TCP will be used the rest of the time. Is it possible for these two interfaces to use the same port in their endpoints, e.g. http://localhost:9000/ and net.tcp://localhost:9000/?

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  • Ruby: How to post a file via HTTP as multipart/form-data?

    - by kch
    I want to do an HTTP POST that looks like an HMTL form posted from a browser. Specifically, post some text fields and a file field. Posting text fields is straightforward, there's an example right there in the net/http rdocs, but I can't figure out how to post a file along with it. Net::HTTP doesn't look like the best idea. curb is looking good.

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  • How to reliably categorize HTTP sessions in proxy to corresponding browser' windows/tabs user is viewing?

    - by Jehonathan
    I was using the Fiddler core .Net library as a local proxy to record the user activity in web. However I ended up with a problem which seems dirty to solve. I have a web browser say Google Chrome, and the user opened like 10 different tabs each with different web URLs. The problem is that the proxy records all the HTTP session initiated by each pages separately, causing me to figure out using my intelligence the tab which the corresponding HTTP session belonged to. I understand that this is because of the stateless nature of HTTP protocol. However I am just wondering is there an easy way to do this? I ended up with below c# code for that in Fiddler. Still its not a reliable solution due to the heuristics. This is a modification of the sample project bundled with Fiddler core for .NET 4. Basically what it does is filtering HTTP sessions initiated in last few seconds to find the first request or switching to another page made by the same tab in browser. It almost works, but not seems to be a universal solution. Fiddler.FiddlerApplication.AfterSessionComplete += delegate(Fiddler.Session oS) { //exclude other HTTP methods if (oS.oRequest.headers.HTTPMethod == "GET" || oS.oRequest.headers.HTTPMethod == "POST") //exclude other HTTP Status codes if (oS.oResponse.headers.HTTPResponseStatus == "200 OK" || oS.oResponse.headers.HTTPResponseStatus == "304 Not Modified") { //exclude other MIME responses (allow only text/html) var accept = oS.oRequest.headers.FindAll("Accept"); if (accept != null) { if(accept.Count>0) if (accept[0].Value.Contains("text/html")) { //exclude AJAX if (!oS.oRequest.headers.Exists("X-Requested-With")) { //find the referer for this request var referer = oS.oRequest.headers.FindAll("Referer"); //if no referer then assume this as a new request and display the same if(referer!=null) { //if no referer then assume this as a new request and display the same if (referer.Count > 0) { //lock the sessions Monitor.Enter(oAllSessions); //filter further using the response if (oS.oResponse.MIMEType == string.Empty || oS.oResponse.MIMEType == "text/html") //get all previous sessions with the same process ID this session request if(oAllSessions.FindAll(a=>a.LocalProcessID == oS.LocalProcessID) //get all previous sessions within last second (assuming the new tab opened initiated multiple sessions other than parent) .FindAll(z => (z.Timers.ClientBeginRequest > oS.Timers.ClientBeginRequest.AddSeconds(-1))) //get all previous sessions that belongs to the same port of the current session .FindAll(b=>b.port == oS.port ).FindAll(c=>c.clientIP ==oS.clientIP) //get all previus sessions with the same referrer URL of the current session .FindAll(y => referer[0].Value.Equals(y.fullUrl)) //get all previous sessions with the same host name of the current session .FindAll(m=>m.hostname==oS.hostname).Count==0 ) //if count ==0 that means this is the parent request Console.WriteLine(oS.fullUrl); //unlock sessions Monitor.Exit(oAllSessions); } else Console.WriteLine(oS.fullUrl); } else Console.WriteLine(oS.fullUrl); Console.WriteLine(); } } } } };

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  • How do I log the raw HTTP headers with a PHP script?

    - by php
    I'm using a cURL script to send POST data through a proxy to a script and I want to see what raw HTTP headers the cURL script is sending. List of things I've tried: echo curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT) gives no output. file_get_contents('php://input') gets some HTTP headers but not all. print_r($_SERVER) also gets some HTTP headers but not all (I know this because there should be a X-Forwarded-For header and there isn't) Printing all superglobals ($_POST, $_GET, $_REQUEST, $_FILES etc) still doesn't show the raw HTTP headers. http_get_request_headers(), apache_request_headers(), $http_response_header, $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA aren't outputting everything. Help?

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  • Oracle with Kerberos authentication and Windows 2003 Server as KDC

    - by Supaplex
    I am running Oracle 10.2 on a Windows 2003 Server SP2 which is also the domain controller on the network. I wish to switch authentication method from NTS to Kerberos. I have spent a lot of time trying to configure Oracle with Kerberos authentication from the Oracle Advanced Security option from the Net Manager utility. I have disabled NTS so Kerberos is promoted as the preferred authentication method. But as soon as the configuration is saved from Net Manager and I restart the Oracle server service, Oracle will not start. I don't know what Oracle is complaining about, because I don't know where to look for the Oracle error log. My first question is: how can I figure out what's bugging Oracle? My second question: is there a good tutorial for setting up Oracle on a Windows 2003 with Kerberos Authentication, where the Windows 2003 Server is the KDC? Maybe there is a book I can get? I have read Oracles own guide, but it is mostly for Linux/Unix. Thanks a lot!

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  • Can't get SSH public key authentication to work

    - by Trey Parkman
    My server is running CentOS 5.3. I'm on a Mac running Leopard. I don't know which is responsible for this: I can log on to my server just fine via password authentication. I've gone through all of the steps for setting up PKA (as described at http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/Deployment_Guide-en-US/s1-ssh-beyondshell.html), but when I use SSH, it refuses to even attempt publickey verification. Using the command ssh -vvv user@host (where -vvv cranks up verbosity to the maximum level) I get the following relevant output: debug2: key: /Users/me/.ssh/id_dsa (0x123456) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password debug3: preferred keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup password debug3: remaining preferred: ,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password debug1: Next authentication method: password followed by a prompt for my password. If I try to force the issue with ssh -vvv -o PreferredAuthentications=publickey user@host I get debug2: key: /Users/me/.ssh/id_dsa (0x123456) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,gssapi-with-mic,password debug3: preferred publickey debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: No more authentication methods to try. So, even though the server says it accepts the publickey authentication method, and my SSH client insists on it, I'm rebutted. (Note the conspicuous absence of an "Offering public key:" line above.) Any suggestions?

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  • ISA 2006 SP1 - SSL Client Certificate Authentication in Workgroup Environment

    - by JoshODBrown
    We have an IIS6 website that was previously published using an ISA 2006 SP1 standard server publishing rule. In IIS we had required a client certificate be provided before the website could be accessed... this all worked fine and dandy. Now we wish to use a web publishing rule on ISA 2006 SP1 for this same website. However, it seems the client certificate doesn't get processed now, so of course the user can't access the website. I've read a few articles stating the CA for the certificate needs to be installed in the trusted root certificate authorities store on the ISA Server (i have done this), as well as installing the client certificate on the ISA Server (done as well). I have also verified that the ISA Server is able to access the CRL for our CA no problem... In the listener properties for the web publishing rule, under Authentication, and Client Authentication Method, there is an option for SSL Client Certificate Authentication... i select this, but it appears the only Authentication Validation Method selectable is Windows (Active Directory).... there is no Active Directory in this environment. When i configure the rule with the defaults, I then try to hit my website and it prompts for my certificate, i choose it and hit ok... then I'm given the following error Error Code: 500 Internal Server Error. The server denied the specified Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Contact the server administrator. (12202) I check the event logs on the ISA Server and in Security Logs, i see Event ID 536, Failure Aud. The reason: The NetLogon component is not active. I think this is pretty obvious since there is no active directory available. Is there a way to make this web publishing rule work using client certificates in this workgroup environment? Any suggestions or links to helpful documents would be greatly appreciated!

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  • Nginx proxy with Redmine SVN authentication.

    - by Omegaice
    I am attempting to setup a system where I have an nginx server running as a reverse proxy for multiple websites that I want to run. To separate the websites I have created a Linux container which contains each site to allow me to reduce conflicts in database usage etc. I am currently trying to get my main site working and have nginx with passenger setup and connecting to redmine and I have an Apache install specifically setup for serving the SVN over HTTP and am attempting to use the redmine authentication with that. I have set everything up as described in the redmine howtos, but when I check a project out from the SVN it always works even if the project is private and whenever I try and commit to the repositories it fails saying "Could not open the requested SVN filesystem", the Apache error log related to that event is "(20014)Internal error: Can't open file '/srv/rcs/svn/error/format': No such file or directory". If I take out the redmine authentication I can checkout and check-in repositories fine but there is no authentication. Does anyone have any ideas? Edit I tried to solve this problem another way by attempting to have the authentication work by LDAP, I managed to get it so that my user could log into the redmine website but as soon as I tried to check anything out it said that access was forbidden to the repository.

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  • Docs for OpenSSH CA-based certificate based authentication

    - by Zoredache
    OpenSSH 5.4 added a new method for certificate authentication (changes). * Add support for certificate authentication of users and hosts using a new, minimal OpenSSH certificate format (not X.509). Certificates contain a public key, identity information and some validity constraints and are signed with a standard SSH public key using ssh-keygen(1). CA keys may be marked as trusted in authorized_keys or via a TrustedUserCAKeys option in sshd_config(5) (for user authentication), or in known_hosts (for host authentication). Documentation for certificate support may be found in ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8) and ssh(1) and a description of the protocol extensions in PROTOCOL.certkeys. Is there any guides or documentation beyond what is mentioned in the ssh-keygen man-page? The man page covers how to generate certificate and use them, but it doesn't really seem to provide much information about the certificate authority setup. For example, can I sign the keys with an intermediate CA, and have the server trust the parent CA? This comment about the new feature seems to mean that I could setup my servers to trust the CA, then setup a method to sign keys, and then users would not have to publish their individual keys on the server. This also seems to support key expiration, which is great since getting rid of old/invalid keys is more difficult then it should be. But I am hoping to find some more documentation about describe the total configuration CA, SSH server, and SSH client settings needed to make this work.

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