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  • The most efficent ways for drawing lines all day long with OpenGL

    - by nkint
    I'd like to put a computer screen that is running an OpenGL programs in a room. It has to run all day long (not in the night). I'd like to draw lines that are slowly fading in the background. The setting is simple: a uniform color background (say, black) and colored lines (say, white) that are slowly fading out. With slowly I mean.. hours. Say that the first line I draw is with alpha 255 (fully visible), after one hours is 240. After 10 hours is 105. One line could have 250 points and there will be like 300 line in one day. For now I have done a prototype with very rudimentary method like: glBegin( GL_LINE_STRIP ); iterator = point_list.begin(); for (++iterator, end = point_list.end(); iterator != end; ++iterator) { const Vec3D &v = *iterator; glVertex2f(v.x(), v.y()); } glEnd(); More efficient method?

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  • Efficient Way to Draw Grids in XNA

    - by sm81095
    So I am working on a game right now, using Monogame as my framework, and it has come time to render my world. My world is made up of a grid (think Terraria but top-down instead of from the side), and it has multiple layers of grids in a single world. Knowing how inefficient it is to call SpriteBatch.Draw() a lot of times, I tried to implement a system where the tile would only be drawn if it wasn't hidden by the layers above it. The problem is, I'm getting worse performance by checking if it's hidden than when I just let everything draw even if it's not visible. So my question is: how to I efficiently check if a tile is hidden to cut down on the draw() calls? Here is my draw code for a single layer, drawing floors, and then the tiles (which act like walls): public void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { int drawAmt = 0; int width = Tile.TILE_DIM; int startX = (int)_parent.XOffset; int startY = (int)_parent.YOffset; //Gets the starting tiles and the dimensions to draw tiles, so only onscreen tiles are drawn, allowing for the drawing of large worlds int tileDrawWidth = ((CIGame.Instance.Graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth / width) + 4); int tileDrawHeight = ((CIGame.Instance.Graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight / width) + 4); int tileStartX = (int)MathHelper.Clamp((-startX / width) - 2, 0, this.Width); int tileStartY = (int)MathHelper.Clamp((-startY / width) - 2, 0, this.Height); #region Draw Floors and Tiles CIGame.Instance.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(_worldTarget); CIGame.Instance.GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); CIGame.Instance.SpriteBatch.Begin(); //Draw floors for (int x = tileStartX; x < (int)MathHelper.Clamp(tileStartX + tileDrawWidth, 0, this.Width); x++) { for (int y = tileStartY; y < (int)MathHelper.Clamp(tileStartY + tileDrawHeight, 0, this.Height); y++) { //Check if this tile is hidden by layer above it bool visible = true; for (int i = this.LayerNumber; i <= _parent.ActiveLayer; i++) { if (this.LayerNumber != (_parent.Layers - 1) && (_parent.GetTileAt(x, y, i + 1).Opacity >= 1.0f || _parent.GetFloorAt(x, y, i + 1).Opacity >= 1.0f)) { visible = false; break; } } //Only draw if visible under the tile above it if (visible && this.GetTileAt(x, y).Opacity < 1.0f) { Texture2D tex = WorldTextureManager.GetFloorTexture((Floor)_floors[x, y]); Rectangle source = WorldTextureManager.GetSourceForIndex(((Floor)_floors[x, y]).GetTextureIndexFromSurroundings(x, y, this), tex); Rectangle draw = new Rectangle(startX + x * width, startY + y * width, width, width); CIGame.Instance.SpriteBatch.Draw(tex, draw, source, Color.White * ((Floor)_floors[x, y]).Opacity); drawAmt++; } } } //Draw tiles for (int x = tileStartX; x < (int)MathHelper.Clamp(tileStartX + tileDrawWidth, 0, this.Width); x++) { for (int y = tileStartY; y < (int)MathHelper.Clamp(tileStartY + tileDrawHeight, 0, this.Height); y++) { //Check if this tile is hidden by layers above it bool visible = true; for (int i = this.LayerNumber; i <= _parent.ActiveLayer; i++) { if (this.LayerNumber != (_parent.Layers - 1) && (_parent.GetTileAt(x, y, i + 1).Opacity >= 1.0f || _parent.GetFloorAt(x, y, i + 1).Opacity >= 1.0f)) { visible = false; break; } } if (visible) { Texture2D tex = WorldTextureManager.GetTileTexture((Tile)_tiles[x, y]); Rectangle source = WorldTextureManager.GetSourceForIndex(((Tile)_tiles[x, y]).GetTextureIndexFromSurroundings(x, y, this), tex); Rectangle draw = new Rectangle(startX + x * width, startY + y * width, width, width); CIGame.Instance.SpriteBatch.Draw(tex, draw, source, Color.White * ((Tile)_tiles[x, y]).Opacity); drawAmt++; } } } CIGame.Instance.SpriteBatch.End(); Console.WriteLine(drawAmt); CIGame.Instance.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); //TODO: Change to new rendertarget instead of null #endregion } So I was wondering if this is an efficient way, but I'm going about it wrongly, or if there is a different, more efficient way to check if the tiles are hidden. EDIT: For example of how much it affects performance: using a world with three layers, allowing everything to draw no matter what gives me 60FPS, but checking if its visible with all of the layers above it gives me only 20FPS, while checking only the layer immediately above it gives me a fluctuating FPS between 30 and 40FPS.

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  • How can i get almost pixel perfect collision detection in a multiplayer game?

    - by Freddy
    I'm currently working on a multiplayer game for iPhone. The problem i have, as with all multiplayer games, is that the other user will always see everything at a non-constant delay. The game I'm making need to have a almost pixel perfect collision detection, but 1 or 2 pixels off is not that big of a deal. How can I possibly get this working? I guess I could just set local player to also be at X ms delay. However this will probably just be worse and feel sloppy when the user input. I know this problem is probably something network programmers deal with everyday and I would be glad if someone could give me a possible solution for this.

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  • Memory allocation strategy for the vertex buffers (DirectX 10/11)

    - by Alex
    I have the following question. I write CAD system. So I have a 3D scene and there are many different objects (walls, doors, windows and so on). User can add or delete some objects. The question is: how can I organise the keeping of vertices for all my objects. I can create vertex buffer for every object. But I think drawing/switching from one buffer to another would have performance penalty. Another way - I can create several big buffers for every object type. But I don't understand how to update such buffers. It is too big to update whole buffer (for example buffer for all walls). What I need to do if I want to delete the object from the middle of the buffer? Actually I have the similar question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5515700/how-to-properly-update-vertex-buffers-in-directx-10 Most examples I've found work with very static models. Therefore, they tend to create a single vertex buffer with their list of points, and then are just manipulated by matrix transformations. I, on the other hand, will be updating the scene very often.

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  • Best practices on separating Update and Draw on game loop

    - by Galvanize
    I've been working on my first HTML5 prototype and I found a good model that uses the regular Update and Draw loop we see in game dev. My question is, where does one end and the other begins? The question popped when I wanted to rotate and draw an Image, and I kept wondering if the work of changing the tranformation matrix (that I presume would be a bit expensive since it works on the whole pixel array of an image) and calculating the right position do draw it would characterize drawing work, or maybe not, since after that I may need to check for collision or something similar. Thinkig of it, seems like a silly question, but I would like some advice from more experienced developers. Where does does update ends and draw starts? Thanks in advance.

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  • A way to store potentially infinite 2D map data?

    - by Blam
    I have a 2D platformer that currently can handle chunks with 100 by 100 tiles, with the chunk coordinates are stored as longs, so this is the only limit of maps (maxlong*maxlong). All entity positions etc etc are chunk relevant and so there is no limit there. The problem I'm having is how to store and access these chunks without having thousands of files. Any ideas for a preferably quick & low HD cost archive format that doesn't need to open everything at once?

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  • Where to start in creating a massive multiplayer 3D Java game [on hold]

    - by user1373771
    I am planning on creating a massive multiplayer world and I am wondering where to start. I am quite inexperienced in the field of Java but I have researched into it and learned that it is perhaps my best bet in creating this project is Java for the fact that it has a much easier learning curve than C++ to beginners and still capable of holding massive amounts of players at a time. My question is simple: Should I start the game by creating a single player prototype and introducing multiplayer later as I become more experienced or start with multiplayer before I am completely experienced in the field. Thanks for your help!

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  • Calculating Hit Accuracy score in a game

    - by N0xus
    I'm currently in the process of making a scoreboard for my game. One of things I would like to display is the players accuracy in the amount of hits they had in game. However, I have never done this before and I've no idea how to go about doing this. Is there a commonly used algorithm out there that can help me calculate this, or has someone found a way to calculate this fairly easily? Any help with this would be appreciated.

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  • Box2D `ApplyLinearImpulse` is not working whereas `SetLinearVelocity` works

    - by Narek
    I need to mimic jumping behavior for the player in my game. Player consists of two fixtures with circle and rectangle shapes. Rectangle I use to detect ground and it is a sensor. Is some point for jumping I do this: float impulseY = body->GetMass() * PLAYER_JUMPING_VEOCITY / PTM_RATIO * std::sin(PLAYER_JUMPING_ANGLE * PI / 180); body->ApplyLinearImpulse(b2Vec2(0, impulseY), body->GetWorldCenter(), true); and player does not jump. But when I do this: body->SetLinearVelocity(b2Vec2(0, PLAYER_JUMPING_VEOCITY / PTM_RATIO * std::sin(PLAYER_JUMPING_ANGLE * PI / 180))); my player jumps. Also when I change the rectangle shape to be normal (not sensor) shape, its works again. Why? Just in case here are the parameters of my rectangular sensor: b2PolygonShape boxShape; boxShape.SetAsBox(width * 0.5/2/PTM_RATIO, height * 0.2/2/PTM_RATIO, b2Vec2(0, -height * 0.4 /PTM_RATIO), 0); b2FixtureDef boxFixtureDef; boxFixtureDef.friction = 0; boxFixtureDef.restitution = 0; boxFixtureDef.density = 1; boxFixtureDef.isSensor = true; boxFixtureDef.userData = static_cast<void*>(PLAYER_GROUP);

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  • Working out of a vertex array for destrucible objects

    - by bobobobo
    I have diamond-shaped polygonal bullets. There are lots of them on the screen. I did not want to create a vertex array for each, so I packed them into a single vertex array and they're all drawn at once. | bullet1.xyz | bullet1.rgb | bullet2.xyz | bullet2.rgb This is great for performance.. there is struct Bullet { vector<Vector3f*> verts ; // pointers into the vertex buffer } ; This works fine, the bullets can move and do collision detection, all while having their data in one place. Except when a bullet "dies" Then you have to clear a slot, and pack all the bullets towards the beginning of the array. Is this a good approach to handling lots of low poly objects? How else would you do it?

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  • Normal vector of a face loaded from an FBX model during collision?

    - by Corey Ogburn
    I'm loading a simple 6 sided cube from a UV-mapped FBX model and I'm using a BoundingBox to test for collisions. Once I determine there's a collision, I want to use the normal vector of the collided surface to correct the movement of whatever collided with the cube. I suppose this is a two-part question: 1) How can I determine which face of the cube was collided with in a collision? 2) How can I get the normal vector of that surface?

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  • OOP implementation of BUFFS and Stats. Suggestion

    - by Mattia Manzo Manzati
    I am developing an MMORPG server using NodeJS. I am not sure how to implement Buffs, i mean, equipped objects or used skills have effects on the Player() which has many Stats(), some of them have a max cap... Effects can change the Stat value, increasing or decreasing it by a value, a percentage or completly rewrite the value of the stat. After a while I have decided to create a base class for buffs, which can be hidden (if they are casted from an equipped object) or shown if they came from an ability (Spell). Anyway I need suggestion how to implement it, use an array for all active buffs for a stat and have a function calculate the value of the stat affected by buffs each time I need the value of the stat or...? Other more OOP's ways to do it? I have read this What's a way to implement a flexible buff/debuff system? but this implements only a percentage system, which buffs can only say "+10%, +20%, etc...", but I would love to have an hybrid system, which can have percentage values or static values (like WoW does), and using modifiers it's hard to implement, because modifiers refers to the current value of stat :/ Thanks for suggestions :)

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  • Has a multi player graphic adventure* ever been made?

    - by Petruza
    By graphic adventure, I mean point & click LucasArts-type games. Those games have a mostly linear structure in nature, and usually don't offer as many variants as other games types like action, rpg, strategy, which makes this genre difficult to implement a multi-player feature. I'd like to know if there has been any attempts on doing such a thing, and if it would be viable, as players going offline or leaving a game in the middle would affect significantly the other players' game.

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  • Indexed Drawing in OpenGL not working

    - by user2050846
    I am trying to render 2 types of primitives- - points ( a Point Cloud ) - triangles ( a Mesh ) I am rendering points simply without any index arrays and they are getting rendered fine. To render the meshes I am using indexed drawing with the face list array having the indices of the vertices to be rendered as Triangles. Vertices and their corresponding vertex colors are stored in their corresponding buffers. But the indexed drawing command do not draw anything. The code is as follows- Main Display Function: void display() { simple->enable(); simple->bindUniform("MV",modelview); simple->bindUniform("P", projection); // rendering Point Cloud glBindVertexArray(vao); // Vertex buffer Point Cloud glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,vertexbuffer); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glVertexAttribPointer(0,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,0); // Color Buffer point Cloud glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,colorbuffer); glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); glVertexAttribPointer(1,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,0); // Render Colored Point Cloud //glDrawArrays(GL_POINTS,0,model->vertexCount); glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); // ---------------- END---------------------// //// Floor Rendering glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,fl); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); glVertexAttribPointer(0,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,0); glVertexAttribPointer(1,4,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,(void *)48); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS,0,4); glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); // -----------------END---------------------// //Rendering the Meshes //////////// PART OF CODE THAT IS NOT DRAWING ANYTHING //////////////////// glBindVertexArray(vid); for(int i=0;i<NUM_MESHES;i++) { glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,mVertex[i]); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); glVertexAttribPointer(0,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,0); glVertexAttribPointer(1,3,GL_FLOAT,GL_FALSE,0,(void *)(meshes[i]->vertexCount*sizeof(glm::vec3))); //glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES,0,meshes[i]->vertexCount); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,mFace[i]); //cout<<gluErrorString(glGetError()); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES,meshes[i]->faceCount*3,GL_FLOAT,(void *)0); glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); } glUseProgram(0); glutSwapBuffers(); glutPostRedisplay(); } Point Cloud Buffer Allocation Initialization: void initGLPointCloud() { glGenBuffers(1,&vertexbuffer); glGenBuffers(1,&colorbuffer); glGenBuffers(1,&fl); //Populates the position buffer glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,vertexbuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, model->vertexCount * sizeof (glm::vec3), &model->positions[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW); //Populates the color buffer glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, colorbuffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, model->vertexCount * sizeof (glm::vec3), &model->colors[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW); model->FreeMemory(); // To free the not needed memory, as the data has been already // copied on graphic card, and wont be used again. glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,0); } Meshes Buffer Initialization: void initGLMeshes(int i) { glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,mVertex[i]); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,meshes[i]->vertexCount*sizeof(glm::vec3)*2,NULL,GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,0,meshes[i]->vertexCount*sizeof(glm::vec3),&meshes[i]->positions[0]); glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,meshes[i]->vertexCount*sizeof(glm::vec3),meshes[i]->vertexCount*sizeof(glm::vec3),&meshes[i]->colors[0]); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,mFace[i]); glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,meshes[i]->faceCount*sizeof(glm::vec3), &meshes[i]->faces[0],GL_STATIC_DRAW); meshes[i]->FreeMemory(); //glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER,0); } Initialize the Rendering, load and create shader and calls the mesh and PCD initializers. void initRender() { simple= new GLSLShader("shaders/simple.vert","shaders/simple.frag"); //Point Cloud //Sets up VAO glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao); glBindVertexArray(vao); initGLPointCloud(); //floorData glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, fl); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(floorData), &floorData[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,0); glBindVertexArray(0); //Meshes for(int i=0;i<NUM_MESHES;i++) { if(i==0) // SET up the new vertex array state for indexed Drawing { glGenVertexArrays(1, &vid); glBindVertexArray(vid); glGenBuffers(NUM_MESHES,mVertex); glGenBuffers(NUM_MESHES,mColor); glGenBuffers(NUM_MESHES,mFace); } initGLMeshes(i); } glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); } Any help would be much appreciated, I have been breaking my head on this problem since 3 days, and still it is unsolved.

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  • What's the best way to move cars along roads

    - by David Thielen
    I am implementing car movement game (sort-of like Locomotion). So 60 times a second I have to advance the movement of each car. The problem is I have to look ahead to see if there is a slower car, stop sign, or red light ahead. And then slow down appropiately. I also want to have the cars take time to go from stopped to full speed and again to slow down. I'm not implementing full-blown physics, but just a tick by tick speed up/slow down as that provides most of the realism to match what people expect to see. The best I've come up with is to walk out the full distance the car would travel of it was slowing to a stop and see if anywhere along that path it needed to slow down or stop. And then move it forward appropiately. I am moving the cars 60 times a second so I need this to be fast. And walking out that whole path each tick strikes me as processor intensive. What's the best way to do this?

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  • How to tile multiple procedurally generated textures?

    - by Burhuc
    I'm trying to develop a procedural tile generator for a game, mostly for the ground tiles, instead of using "hand-drawn" tiles. To achieve this I'm using Perlin noise and a sine wave with multiple parameters, which already gives me pretty nice results. I don't want to generate 1 tile and repeat that one forever for one ground type, but I want to avoid recurrences, so I'm generating n different tiles. The problem I'm having now is that I want to tile the generated textures (smooth transitions). At the moment I have this: 4 256x256 textures. I thought a simple method would be to just add the positions of the different tiles to the noise generation algorithm, so that, when creating the 4 256x256 textures, it would behave like it would create a 512x512 texture, but that somehow didn't work as intented. So how can I tile those textures?

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  • Correct way to use Farseer Physics in XNA

    - by user1640602
    I am using Farseer Physics for my 2D sidescroller game and I'm not sure how to proceed with it. I currently have a Sprite class (handles nothing but graphics), a GameObject class (contains specific object info like hit points), a World object which contains the list of Bodies, and a Level object which contains all of these objects. Originally I was trying to keep track of the Sprites, GameObjects, and Bodies separately because I felt that would provide loose coupling but it quickly became a headache. So my new idea was to add a Sprite member to the GameObject class but I'm still not sure how to maintain the Bodies because they have to communicate with GameObject. Specifically, my issue is this: The position of the Body is used to draw the Sprite inside of the Level. In order to do that I would have to maintain a link between GameObjects and Bodies. Is this correct or is there a better way to architect my game? If any of this is unclear please ask and I'll try to clarify. Thank you in advance for any help.

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  • Selection of a mesh with arbitrary region

    - by Tigran
    Considering example: I have a mesh(es) on the OpenGL screen and would like to select a part of it (say for delete purpose). There is a clear way to do the selction via Ray Tracing, or via Selection provided by OpenGL itself. But, for my users, considering that meshes can get wired surfaces, I need to implement a selection via a Arbitrary closed region, so all triangles that appears present inside that region has to be selected. To be more clear, here is screen shot: I want all triangles inside black polygon to be selected, identified, whatever in some way. How can I achieve that ?

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  • The right way to add images to Monogame/Windows

    - by ashes999
    I'm starting out with MonoGame. For now, I'm only targeting Windows (desktop -- not Windows 8 specifically). I've used a couple of XNA products in the past (raw XNA, FlatRedBall, SilverSprite), so I may have a misunderstanding about how I should add images to my content. How do I add images to my project? Currently, I created a new Monogame project, added a folder called "Content," and added images under there; the only caveat is that I need to set the Copy to Output Directory action to one of the Copy ones. It seems strange, because my "raw" XNA project just last week had a Content project in it (XNA Framework Content Pipeline, according to VS2010), which compiled my images to XNB (I think). It seems like Monogame doesn't use the same content pipeline, but I'm not sure. Edit: My question is not about "how do I get the XNA content pipeline to work with Monogame." My question is "why would I want to use the XNA content pipeline in Monogame?" Because there are (at least) two solutions (that I see today): Add the images to the Monogame project and set the Copy to Output Directory options to copy. Add a XNA content pipeline project and add my images to that instead; reference it from my MOnogame project. Which solution should I use, and why? I currently have a working version with the first option.

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  • Understanding dot notation

    - by Starkers
    Here's my interpretation of dot notation: a = [2,6] b = [1,4] c = [0,8] a . b . c = (2*6)+(1*4)+(0*8) = 12 + 4 + 0 = 16 What is the significance of 16? Apparently it's a scalar. Am I right in thinking that a scalar is the number we times a unit vector by to get a vector that has a scaled up magnitude but the same direction as the unit vector? So again, what is the relevance of 16? When is it used? It's not the magnitude of all the vectors added up. The magnitude of all of them is calculated as follows: sqrt( ax * ax + ay * ay ) + sqrt( bx * bx + by * by ) + sqrt( cx * cx + cy * cy) sqrt( 2 * 2 + 6 * 6 ) + sqrt( 1 * 1 + 4 * 4 ) + sqrt( 0 * 0 + 8 * 8) sqrt( 4 + 36 ) + sqrt( 1 + 16 ) + sqrt( 0 + 64) sqrt( 40 ) + sqrt( 17 ) + sqrt( 64) 6.3 + 4.1 + 8 10.4 + 8 18.4 So I don't really get this diagram: Attempting with sensible numbers: a = [1,0] b = [4,3] a . b = (1*0) + (4*3) = 0 + 12 = 12 So what exactly is a . b describing here? The magnitude of that vector? Because that isn't right: the 'a.b' vector = [4,0] sqrt( x*x + y*y ) sqrt( 4*4 + 0*0 ) sqrt( 16 + 0 ) 4 So what is 12 describing?

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  • OpenGL Lighting

    - by gopgop
    I have a simple day and night cycle by at day disabling OpenGL lighting and at night enabling openGL Lighting. When I enable everything appears darker. My question is How would I make it that at a specific spot there would be a light that will only light up its surrounding area for example: http://media.giantbomb.com/uploads/0/276/1414275-light_large.png Where the light is is where I want to position my light. My application is in 2D.

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  • Are there some methodologies to define a game's rules?

    - by bAN
    I would like to write some rules for a game I have in head but I don't know how to do that. So are there some methodologies or modeling tools (like UML) to do that? I'm thinking about a kind of tree of competencies or some kind of map to be sure that the game is well balanced. I always wonder how the team who imagines some powers in magic the gathering for example does it. Do they have some diagrams to be sure the powers or creatures they imagine are well balanced for the entire game? I'm pretty noob in the game creation so I'll be happy with some directions to seek.. Technical terms or basic principles to learn. Thanks for help.

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  • Learning C++ but wanting to develop iOS Apps

    - by DiscreteGenius
    I'm a computer engineering student and taking my second programming class. I'm learning C++ using "C++ Primer Plus" 5th edition by Prata. I want to develop for iOS. I understand the main language for Xcode is Objective-C. Am I hurting myself by learning C++ before any other language (notably before my desired lang Objective-C)? There's got to be a reason the university requires C++ to learn as a basis language. Please offer any helpful guidance or how I should go about this. Thanks//

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  • Calculating the correct particle angle in an outwards explosion

    - by Sun
    I'm creating a simple particle explosion but am stuck in finding the correct angle to rotate my particle. The effect I'm going for is similar to this: Where each particle is going outwards from the point of origin and at the correct angle. This is what I currently have: As you can see, each particle is facing the same angle, but I'm having a little difficulty figuring out the correct angle. I have the vector for the point of emission and the new vector for each particle, how can I use this to calculate the angle? Some code for reference: private Particle CreateParticle() { ... Vector2 velocity = new Vector2(2.0f * (float)(random.NextDouble() * 2 - 1), 2.0f * (float)(random.NextDouble() * 2 - 1)); direction = velocity - ParticleLocation; float angle = (float)Math.Atan2(direction.Y, direction.X); ... return new Particle(texture, position, velocity, angle, angularVelocity, color, size, ttl, EmitterLocation); } I am then using the angle created as so in my particles Draw method: spriteBatch.Draw(Texture, Position, null, Color, Angle, origin, Size, SpriteEffects.None, 0f);

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  • Profiling and containing memory per system

    - by chadb
    I have been interesting in profiling and keeping a managed memory pool for each subsystem, so I could get statistic on how much memory was being used in something such as sounds or graphics. However, what is the best design for doing this? I was thinking of using multiple allocators and just using one per subsystem, however, that would result in global variables for my allocators (or so it would seem to me). Another approach I have seen/been suggested is to just overload new and pass in an allocator for a parameter. I had a similar question over on stackoverflow here with a bounty, however, it seems as if perhaps I was too vague or just there is not enough people with knowledge in the subject.

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