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• How to view / enumerate / obtain a list of all effective rights / permissions on an Active Directory object?

  - by Laura

  I am new to Server Fault and was hoping to find an answer to a question that I have been struggling with for the past week or so. I have been recently asked by my management to furnish a list of all the effective rights / permissions delegated on the Active Directory object for our Domain Admins group. I initially figured I'd use the Effective Permissions Tab in Active Directory Users and Computers but had two problems with it. The first was that it doesn't seem very accurate and the second was that it requires me to enter the name of a specific user, and it only shows me what it figures are effective permissions for that user. Now, we have more than a 1000 users in our environment so there's no way I can possibly enter 1000 user names one by one. Plus, there is no way to export that information either. I also looked at dsacls from MS but it doesn't do effective permissions. Someone pointed me to a tool called ADUCAdmin but that seems to falsely claim to do effective permissions. Could someone kindly help me find a way to obtain this listing? Basically, I need to generate a list of all the modify effective permissions granted on the Domain Admins group object along with the list of all the admins to which these permissions are granted. In case it helps, I don't need a fancy listing - simple text / CSV output would be enough I would be grateful for any assistance since this is time and security sensitive for us.

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• OS X (10.6) Apache Sudden Death, Nginx not working either...

  - by Jesse Stuart

  Hi, I turned on my computer today and apache wasn't working. This is weird as its been working for the last 6 months without issue. The only thing I did which may of caused a problem, is I uninstalled a bunch of gems. This shouldn't be the issue though as apache doesn't rely on gems. I decided to give nginx a try to see if it would work and have the exact same issue. The symtoms are: I go to http://localhost and get the browsers default 404 page (not rendered by apache/nginx) No error is found anywhere (I checked all logs) Apache is rinning (also tried with Nginx) How can I debug this to find the root of the problem? I can't think of why this would be happening. I've tried repairing permissions in case this was the issue, apparently it wasn't. Everything was working the other day, and nothing changed in the apache config. Update: Here is the output of telnet localhost 80 $ telnet localhost 80 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying fe80::1... telnet: connect to address fe80::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: connect to address 127.0.0.1: Connection refused telnet: Unable to connect to remote host

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• What's throttling the database?

  - by Troels Arvin

  Hardware: Intel x86_64 with 192GB of RAM. OS: CentOS 5.4 x86_64. DBMS: DB2 v. 9.7.1 64 bit. During certain special workloads (e.g. parallel REORGs/RUNSTATs), I've seen the server transporting 450MB/s with 25000IO/s (yes, there is probably some storage system caching happening here) while all CPU cores were happily working in an even mix of usermode/wait. And disk benchmark tools can also bring some very satisfying bandwith and IO/s numbers to the table. On the other hand, we also have another scenario: A single rather complex query with at least one large table scan. db2's "list applications" reports that the query is Executing (not locked). IO: At most 10MB/s, 500 IO/s; CPU: two cores in 99.9% wait state, all other cores 100% idle. The tables which the query reads from have been altered to have LOCKSIZE=TABLE, so I would think that lock list work is zero. What's going on in such a situation? What tools/snapshots/... can I use to gain better insight in such a case?

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• how to remove background layer of djvu file

  - by Jon

  Hello, I've downloaded some files from the Internet Archive. They come in different file formats and most of the time I use pdf. However, sometimes the scans are saves in colour instead of b/w. This makes it difficult/impossible to read on a dedicated ebook reader. In that case I downloaded the djvu files as on the PC you can select which layer (color, bw,fore,back) one would like to see. Selecting the bw gives excellent results. However, the ebook reader does not has this option. The question is, how can I remove /extract a layer from the djvu file and save only this layer. So far I've tried the following two approaches: 1) select bw in the djvu viewer on the PC and printed to postscript file. Followed by a ps2pdf conversion. This works, but generates a fairly large pdf file. Sure, I can again upload it to any2djvu but it just seems to much manual work for each file. 2) I tried the shared annotation feature and said (mode bw). This works on the PC as desired but is ignored on the ebook reader as the other layers are still present. Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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• DNS resolve .com domain on local domain

  - by Joost Verdaasdonk

  I'm building a local 2008 R2 domain as a test case to be able to write a roadmap for the real new domain that needs to be created soon. What I would like to know if I'm able to make a record in DNS that will point the domain name: www.example.com and example.com to one of the servers in my network. I tried creating an a-record for it but that doesn't work. To be honest I'm not even sure if this is possible? So can I do this? That way I would be able to fully test all our services (and webb app) offline before I build the real domain and switch the DNS records at the provider. Some advice if possible and where to start is appreciated. The solution (Thanks Brent): Create new Forward lookup zone pointing to example.com Create empty A record pointing to IP of the webserver you are targeting If www is needed create A record with Name: www and IP of your webserver sub domains repeat the process but then with names for example: sub or www.sub (and ip your webserver) Be aware of the DNS Cache while you are in this process. Things can take time or do the following: Right click the server and choose clear cache in CMD: ipconfig /flushdns (to flush the client cache)

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• Exchange 2010 - Certificate error on internal Outlook 2013 connections

  - by Lorenz Meyer

  I have an Exchange 2010 and Outlook 2003. The exchange server has a wildcard SSL certificate installed *.domain.com, (for use with autodiscover.domain.com and mail.domain.com). The local fqdn of the Exchange server is exch.domain.local. With this configuration there is no problem. Now I started upgrading all Outlook 2003 to Outlook 2013, and I start to get consistently a certificate error in Outlook : The Name on the security certificate is invalid or does not match the name of the site I understand why I get that error: Outlook 2013 is connecting to exch.domain.local while the certificate is for *.domain.com. I was ready to buy a SAN (Subject Alternate Names) Certificate, that contains the three domains exch.domain.local, mail.domain.com, autodiscover.domain.com. But there is a hindrance: the certificate provider (in my case Godaddy) requires that the domain is validated as being our property. Now it is not possible for an internal domain that is not accessible from the internet. So this turns out not to be an option. Create self-signed SAN certificate with an Enterprise CA is an other option that is barely viable: There would be certificate error with every access to webmail, and I had to install the certificate on all Outlook clients. What is a recommended viable solution ? Is it possible to disable certificate checking in Outlook ? Or how could I change the Exchange server configuration so that the public domain name is used for all connections ? Or is there another solution I'm not thinking of ? Any advice is welcome.

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• Random server lag, no CPU/mem/pagefile usage

  - by Kev

  We have a fairly new server running Windows 2003 SP2, and the past few days we've noticed random slowdowns. When I'm logged into the server over remote desktop while this is happening, or if I'm physically sitting at the server logged in, suddenly everything becomes extremely laggy. Any UI element I try to interact with takes upwards of ten seconds to react, and then responds very slowly. Then a minute later everything is quite snappy again. During this, I have Task Manager minimized to the tray, and there's no CPU usage. I open it up right after this happens, and there's very little CPU usage on the graph, and no memory or pagefile usage above normal. (Normal being 1.5 GB free in the case of memory.) This is what I see logged into the server, and then users start calling saying things are slow, timing out, and failing--anything to do with our server. No events in the Event Viewer around the times this happens. The context I'm working in (last thing I clicked, etc.) seems different every time--different programs active, different combinations of programs open. Never anything particularly stressful (like adding an event entry to a Cobian Backup configuration, or editing text in TextPad, which has been exceptionally stable in my extensive usage of it.) I would've thought it was just the server, but a family member's home PC (entirely separate) running WinXPSP3 had the same thing happen to it last night a few times. Is this some new behaviour introduced by the latest Windows Updates? Either way, where do I even start to look when nothing seems to be chewing up resources?

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• Missing drive space in Server 2003

  - by Tim Brigham

  I have two drives used for SQL backups which for the last week have been acting strange - the free space indicated by windows is far off from what windirstat, etc indicates. There should only be about 60 GB of drive space used and there is about 160. This would match the utilization if the two last backup files were still residing on disk. SQL server is 2000, OS Server 2003 x64. Running on a VMware 5.0 cluster. OSSEC and McAfee for this system shows clean. My current plan is to temporarily attach one of these drives this drive to another VM for analysis. Is there anything more I should be looking at? There were a lot of pages on the net when I was looking for documentation on this issue but I haven't found this case described. EDIT: Unfortunately even a full reboot did not clear this behavior. I also used process explorer to look for open file handles. No dice.

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• Wireshark WPA 4-way handshake

  - by cYrus

  From this wiki page: WPA and WPA2 use keys derived from an EAPOL handshake to encrypt traffic. Unless all four handshake packets are present for the session you're trying to decrypt, Wireshark won't be able to decrypt the traffic. You can use the display filter eapol to locate EAPOL packets in your capture. I've noticed that the decryption works with (1, 2, 4) too, but not with (1, 2, 3). As far as I know the first two packets are enough, at least for what concern unicast traffic. Can someone please explain exactly how does Wireshark deal with that, in other words why does only the former sequence work, given that the fourth packet is just an acknowledgement? Also, is it guaranteed that the (1, 2, 4) will always work when (1, 2, 3, 4) works? Test case This is the gzipped handshake (1, 2, 4) and an ecrypted ARP packet (SSID: SSID, password: password) in base64 encoding: H4sICEarjU8AA2hhbmRzaGFrZS5jYXAAu3J400ImBhYGGPj/n4GhHkhfXNHr37KQgWEqAwQzMAgx 6HkAKbFWzgUMhxgZGDiYrjIwKGUqcW5g4Ldd3rcFQn5IXbWKGaiso4+RmSH+H0MngwLUZMarj4Rn S8vInf5yfO7mgrMyr9g/Jpa9XVbRdaxH58v1fO3vDCQDkCNv7mFgWMsAwXBHMoEceQ3kSMZbDFDn ITk1gBnJkeX/GDkRjmyccfus4BKl75HC2cnW1eXrjExNf66uYz+VGLl+snrF7j2EnHQy3JjDKPb9 3fOd9zT0TmofYZC4K8YQ8IkR6JaAT0zIJMjxtWaMmCEMdvwNnI5PYEYJYSTHM5EegqhggYbFhgsJ 9gJXy42PMx9JzYKEcFkcG0MJULYE2ZEGrZwHIMnASwc1GSw4mmH1JCCNQYEF7C7tjasVT+0/J3LP gie59HFL+5RDIdmZ8rGMEldN5s668eb/tp8vQ+7OrT9jPj/B7425QIGJI3Pft72dLxav8BefvcGU 7+kfABxJX+SjAgAA Decode with: $ base64 -d | gunzip > handshake.cap Run tshark to see if it correctly decrypt the ARP packet: $ tshark -r handshake.cap -o wlan.enable_decryption:TRUE -o wlan.wep_key1:wpa-pwd:password:SSID It should print: 1 0.000000 D-Link_a7:8e:b4 - HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 EAPOL Key 2 0.006997 HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 - D-Link_a7:8e:b4 EAPOL Key 3 0.038137 HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 - D-Link_a7:8e:b4 EAPOL Key 4 0.376050 ZyxelCom_68:3a:e4 - HonHaiPr_22:09:b0 ARP 192.168.1.1 is at 00:a0:c5:68:3a:e4

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• Ngins wont send POST to fastcgi backend, but GET works fine?

  - by xyld

  Not sure why, but it is happy sending a GET to the fastcgi backend (Mercurial hgwebdir in this case), but simply resorts to the filesystem if the request is a POST. Relevant parts of nginx.conf: location / { root /var/www/htdocs/; index index.html; autoindex on; } location /hg { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/hg-fastcgi.socket; include fastcgi_params; if ($request_uri ~ ^/hg([^?#]*)) { set $rewritten_uri $1; } limit_except GET { allow all; deny all; auth_basic "hg secured repos"; auth_basic_user_file /var/trac.htpasswd; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME "/hg"; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $rewritten_uri; # for authentication fastcgi_param AUTH_USER $remote_user; fastcgi_param REMOTE_USER $remote_user; #fastcgi_pass_header Authorization; #fastcgi_intercept_errors on; } GET's work fine, but POST delivers this error to the error_log: 2010/05/17 14:12:27 [error] 18736#0: *1601 open() "/usr/html/hg/test" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: XX.XX.XX.XX, server: domain.com, request: "POST /hg/test HTTP/1.1", host: "domain.com" What could possibly be the issue? I'm trying to allow read-only access via GET's to the page, but require authorization when using hg push to the same url which sends a POST request.

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• iTunes Home Sharing only works one way between 2 Windows XP PC's on the same LAN

  - by scunliffe

  Both PC's have the latest iTunes installed. PC (A) can "see" that there is a shared library "B library" but attempts to connect to it return this error message: The shared library "{Username}'s Library" is not responding (-3259) Check that any firewall software running on either the shared computer or this computer has been set to allow communication on port 3689. however the reverse works fine. e.g. PC (B) can "see" shared library "A library" and can access all content. Notes: Both PC's have Home Sharing enabled (turned off/on several times to verify). Both PC's have Windows Firewall turned on, but in the exceptions tab, iTunes is allowed, and Port 3689 is also added as a firewall exception (just in case) Both iTunes accounts have been "authorized" on both PC's Both PC's connect via LAN via D-Link DIR-615 router. In the advanced application rules, iTunes has also been added to allow traffic on port 3689 un-hindered. Is there any other magical setting/configuration option that I should be aware of and set in order to get this to work? I could care less about sharing apps etc. I just want the music sharing to work. Update: Solved! It turns out on PC (B) there were multiple accounts set up. 1 of the accounts had the checkbox checked under the Windows firewall "On" option which states "No exceptions" thus even though it was added to the exception list on the main user account, this other account was blocking access.

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• CloudFront with Custom Origin and ELB

  - by kmfk

  We are using CloudFront for our static assets but also wanted to allow for Gzip. We set up a new distribution with a custom origin pointing back to our application servers which are behind a elastic load balancer. We manually keep the files in sync across the cluster and update them when we publish. However, with this set up, we get nothing but Miss and RefreshHits from CloudFront, which so far has defeated the purpose. Is there any additional settings in order to use an ELB as your custom origin? In the docs, it references this as a viable solution. It appears when we point the distribution to a single server in our production cluster, cloudfront properly caches our assets. Is it possible that the sticky sessions cookie and the subsequent header that gets added by it could be an issue? Cache-Control: no-cache="set-cookie" //Added by load balancer Any ideas? FYI - currently, we have our custom origin pointing to a single EC2 instance, so caching is working correctly - in case you try to curl the file below. Example headers: curl -I http://static.quick-cdn.com/css/9850999.css HTTP/1.0 200 OK Accept-Ranges: bytes Cache-Control: max-age=3700 Cache-Control: no-cache="set-cookie" Content-Length: 23038 Content-Type: text/css Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2012 23:03:52 GMT Last-Modified: Thu, 12 Apr 2012 23:00:14 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.17 (Ubuntu) Vary: Accept-Encoding X-Cache: RefreshHit from cloudfront X-Amz-Cf-Id: K_q7Zy3_jdzlEJ85ukELVtdx1GmuXqApAbZZ7G0fPt0mxRMqPKX5pQ==,RzJmPku-rEIO9WlvuSoKa8hiAaR3dLk5KC4cQMWWrf_MDhmjWe8n6A== Via: 1.0 28c34f9fbf559a21ee16594849e4fc9c.cloudfront.net (CloudFront) Connection: close

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• When a server IP changes, do exising TCP (e.g. http/mysql) connections remain running

  - by Luke Cousins

  We have some PHP-FPM servers and when they need a database connection, they connect to an HAProxy server which selects them a database server to use and the connection opens. When we then want to perform some maintenance on the HAProxy servers (such as config changes requiring an HAProxy restart), the process is as follows: Shutdown Keepalived on the HAProxy server Wait for the floating IP to transfer to the backup HAProxy server (also running Keepalived) Wait until HAProxy stats is reporting just one connection (us checking how many connections there are) Restart HAProxy Restart Keepalived As step 2 occurs, what will happen to the open mysql connections at that point? According to this TCP Sessions and IP Changes question the connections will be dropped. Is this really the case? If so, what, if anything, can be done to prevent this happening? Can the connection be in some way forced to use the main (non-floating) IP of the server? We also have a similar setup with two Nginx servers with Keepalived running on them and we were planning on doing the equivalent process. If we do, the same question applies - what happens to the existing http connections when the IP moves to the other server? I appreciate your help.

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• RPC Server Unavailable on Hyper-V cluster when moving resources after the host adapter has failed

  - by Doug Luxem

  On a Windows 2008 R2 SP1 cluster running Hyper-V, a lost network connectivity on the primary host interface. The interface was rapidly flapping up and down, and this was later determined to be caused by a faulty switch port. As this was a clustered server, the host interface was not fault tolerant (seeing as how the whole server was fault tolerant), so connectivity to the host was going up and down. The Hyper-V guests were completely unaffected by the network outage as they used a dedicated trunk on the server separate from the host interface. Additionally, dedicated interfaces for the cluster and live migration networks were fine. In order to diagnose the server, I tried to move all resources (Hyper-V Guests) to other nodes through Failover Cluster Manager. These moves failed with an error RPC Server Unavailable. The only way to move resources was by shutting down the guests, stopping the cluster service on the Node A, allowing other nodes to take ownership of the resources, and restarting the guests. A few other notes: All nodes have Client for MS Networks and File & Printer Sharing enabled on the Cluster and LM networks. Node A was accessible over cluster and LM networks from other nodes (these are private, cluster-only networks); pingable, CIFs, etc. Accessing \\NODEA is done over the Host adapters, as you would expect in this case and is the reason for the RPC Server Unavailable error with that adapter being down. My questions here are - Is there a way to still use Live Migration in a failure scenario such as this to prevent shutting down the Hyper-V guests? How can the network be reconfigured in the future so that the cluster service attempts to use the cluster and/or live migration networks to issue the RPC requests?

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• Caching all files in varnish

  - by csgwro

  I want my varnish servers to cache all files. At backend there is lighttpd hosting only static files, and there is an md5 in the url in case of file change, ex. /gfx/Bird.b6e0bc2d6cbb7dfe1a52bc45dd2b05c4.swf). However my hit ratio is very poorly (about 0.18) My config: sub vcl_recv { set req.backend=default; ### passing health to backend if (req.url ~ "^/health.html$") { return (pass); } remove req.http.If-None-Match; remove req.http.cookie; remove req.http.authenticate; if (req.request == "GET") { return (lookup); } } sub vcl_fetch { ### do not cache wrong codes if (beresp.status == 404 || beresp.status >= 500) { set beresp.ttl = 0s; } remove beresp.http.Etag; remove beresp.http.Last-Modified; } sub vcl_deliver { set resp.http.expires = "Thu, 31 Dec 2037 23:55:55 GMT"; } I have made an performance tuning: DAEMON_OPTS="${DAEMON_OPTS} -p thread_pool_min=200 -p thread_pool_max=4000 -p thread_pool_add_delay=2 -p session_linger=100" The main url which is missed is... /health.html. Is that forward to backend correctly configured? Disabling health checking hit ratio increases to 0.45. Now mostly "/crossdomain.xml" is missed (from many domains, as it is wildcard). How can I avoid that? Should I carry on other headers like User-Agent or Accept-Encoding? I thing that default hashing mechanism is using url + host/IP. Compression is used at the backend. What else can improve performance?

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• no A record show in the answer section in dig results

  - by eric low

  To check the record for the domain, run dig with domain name as the parameter. dig example.com any I get the below result. Why there is no A record show in the result. What did i do wrong during the setup. Please advice what suppose to look into it. Hope everyone can help me to resolve the case asap. ; <<>> DiG 9.9.3-P2 <<>> example.com any ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44674 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 8, AUTHORITY: 4, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;example.com. IN ANY ;; ANSWER SECTION: example.com. 3489 IN MX 100 biz.mail.com. example.com. 3482 IN NS ns1.domain.com. example.com. 3482 IN NS ns2.domain.com. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: example.com. 3482 IN NS ns2.domain.com. example.com. 3482 IN NS ns1.domain.com. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: xxx.252.xxx.xxx#53(xxx.252.xxx.xxx) ;; WHEN: Wed Oct 30 04:48:34 CDT 2013 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 349

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• what is the reason behind window service stopped ,whether its due to LAN problems or any other issues

  - by Steve

  I have a windowservice which named Trunk which stopped one day i just want to know the reason behind it? this is an entry in the logs, Nov 15 17:54:04.318 :Trunk-1516:Trunk:handle_control_event:Received CTRL_LOGOFF_EVENT, ignore it Nov 25 15:54:52.157 :Trunk-1516:Trunk:ERROR - Process Restart Count (5) Exceeded for:C:\Program Files\secon\11.1.4\bin\vmd Nov 25 15:54:52.157 :Trunk-1516:Trunk:Stopping Trunk ... Nov 25 15:54:52.314 :Trunk-1516:Trunk:Shutting down, signaled C:\Program F Nov 20 15:54:20.345 :SCBridge.RegisterBridge:Exception in method: ScUtility.ScCommandException (0xa08990002): Exception from HRESULT: 0xa08990002 Supplemental Information: None available. at ScServer.ScServiceProcessorRegistryManager.Attach(String serviceProcessor, ScClientInformation clientInfo, FORCE_ATTACH_SPEC forceAttachToMaster) at ScServer.ScServiceProcessorRegistry.Attach(String serviceProcessor, Object clientInfo) at ScServer.ScServiceProcessorRegistry.Attach(String serviceProcessor) at ServerControlInterface.SCBridge.RegisterBridge(String SPName) for system APOLLOSP0 attempting to attach and register with the Bridge i had seen service is registered with specific account, so i thought that user logged off from the machine that may be the reason behind it or any LAN disconnection problem . But Having taken another look at the above entry we seem to have a constant failure being generated in vmd which causes Trunk to detect vmd requires a restart. Most of the time it works OK and the restart count is anything up to 4. In this case the Trunk log confirms that the Restart Count is 5 and so is considered to be exceeded. Presumably, this triggers the termination of the other services and Trunk is actually doing its job.So, coould this just be a timing issue and we need to increase the tolerance level (i.e restart count) or do we need to address the 0xa08990002 error in vmd?

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• Windows Explorer and UAC: run elevated

  - by syneticon-dj

  I am profoundly annoyed by UAC and switch it off for my admin user wherever I can. Yet, there are situations where I can't - especially if those are machines not under my continuous administration. In this case, I am always challenged with the task of traversing directories using my administrative user via the Windows Explorer where regular users do not have "read" permissions. The possible two approaches to this problem so far: change the ACLs to the directory in question to include my user (Windows conveniently offers the Continue button in the "You don't currently have permissions to access this folder" dialog. This obviously sucks since more often than not I do not want to change ACLs but just look into the folder's contents use an elevated cmd.exe prompt along with a bunch of command line utilities - this usually takes a lot of time when browsing through large and / or complex directory structures What I would love to see would be a way to run Windows Explorer in elevated mode. I have yet to find out how to do so. But other suggestions solving this problem in an unobtrusive way without changing the entire system's configuration (and preferably without the need for downloading / installing anything) are very welcome, too. I have seen this post with a suggestion for altering HKCR - interesting, but it changes the behavior for all users, which I am not allowed to do in most situations. Also, some folks have suggested using UNC paths to access the folders - unfortunately this does not work when accessing the same machine (i.e. \\localhost\c$\path) as the "Administrators" group membership is still stripped from the token and a re-authentication (and thus the creation of a new token) would not happen when accessing localhost.

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• I need a reverse proxy solution for SSH

  - by Bond

  Hi here is a situation I have a server in a corporate data center for a project. I have an SSH access to this machine at port 22.There are some virtual machines running on this server and then at the back of every thing many other Operating systems are working. Now Since I am behind the data centers firewall my supervisor asked me if I can do some thing by which I can give many people on Internet access to these virtual machines directly. I know if I were allowed to get traffic on port other than 22 then I can do a port forwarding. But since I am not allowed this so what can be a solution in this case. The people who would like to connect might be complete idiots.Who may be happy just by opening putty at their machines or may be even filezilla.I have configured an Apache Reverse Proxy for redirecting the Internet traffic to the virtual machines on these hosts.But I am not clear as for SSH what can I do.So is there some thing equivalent to an Apache Reverse Proxy which can do similar work for SSH in this situation. I do not have firewall in my hands or any port other than 22 open and in fact even if I request they wont allow to open.2 times SSH is not some thing that my supervisor wants.

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• Bash shell prompt: where is $RET?

  - by Evgeni Sergeev

  I was reading this https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Color_Bash_Prompt and ended up with the following: # Stores the status of each command in $RET PROMPT_COMMAND='RET=$?;' # A colour. RED_SHELL='\e[0;36m' # Prints "Status 1" if RET is 1, for example. RET_VISUALISE='$(if [[ $RET != 0 ]]; then echo -ne "Status \[$RED_SHELL\]$RET\n" && RET=0; fi;)' # What to print for each prompt. PS1="$RET_VISUALISE\[\e]0;\w\a\]\n\[\e[32m\]\u@\h \t \[\e[33m\]\w\[\e[0m\]\n\$ " This does almost what I want, except when I press Enter,Enter,Enter multiple times after a command that returned status != 0. In this case it prints "Status 1" every time I press Enter. This is what the && RET=0; part was supposed to get rid of. Also, I don't understand why env | grep RET only shows the PS1 contents. What is the scope of $RET ?

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• Export-Mailbox - fails with large folders

  - by grojo

  I am trying to move messages from a rather large mailbox to an archive mailbox. However I run into errors all the time. the command I am executing is Export-Mailbox -Identity MAILBOX_FROM -TargetMailbox ARCHIVE -TargetFolder ARCHIVE_FOLDER -StartDate 2009-02-01 -EndDate 2009-02-28 -DeleteContent -Confirm:$false I can copy/move some messages, but run into frequent "an unknown error has occurred" (statuscode -1056749164) I run the console as administrative user, and all permissions are set right, as far as I can tell. I've restricted the start and end dates in case the number of messages moved/deleted should create problems. Anything I am missing in my setup? Corrupted messages? Over-limit message sizes? Update: What I've learnt so far, is that folder with more than approx 3000 messages will generate errors. If mail retention is set (default 30 days), Export-Mailbox will scan all messages whether these were deleted in previous runs or not, and date restriction to limit number of messages will not work. To avoid errors, I've switched off deleted message retention for the mailbox, and moved the messages from one large folder to multiple folders, and moved these one by one...

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• How do you backup your own files? [on hold]

  - by Antonis Christofides

  I'm a system administrator and I use rsnapshot to backup some servers, duplicity for some others. Both work fine, each one with advantages and disadvantages. Despite that, I am at a loss on how to backup my own private files. I'd use duplicity to automatically backup my files to a remote server; but the problem is that once in a while I must do a full backup. My emails and important files are 9G, and I expect this to increase. Uploading through aDSL at 1Mbit would be 20 hours. Too much. rsnapshot doesn't require periodic full backups (only the first time), but it must be running on the remote server and have a means to connect to my computer; if the server is compromised (or simply if the NSA decides to use it), my own machine is also compromised. Not good. The only solution I've come up with is use encfs, use unison to synchronize the files to a remote server, and use duplicity or rsnapshot on the remote server to backup these files. In that case, the question is whether I can sync the files on many computers; is it possible for encfs to be used with the same key on many computers? I also think that if I append one character to the unencrypted file, its encrypted encfs counterpart might change a lot, so that incrementals with duplicity would be less efficient—but not a big deal. Maybe also, when I need to restore a file, finding the correct file to restore could be a pain, because of filename encryption. I wonder whether there is any other possibility that I've overlooked. Maybe I'm asking too much for my personal use, and I should settle with an external disk?

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• nginx giving 404 when accessing php from alias directory

  - by code90

  I am trying to migrate from apache to nginx. The php sites that I am hosting need to access a shared library which turns out to be an alias directory. Below is the configuration I came up with. html files work fine, but php files giving 404. I have read through and tried most (if not all) of the answers to the similar questions with no any success. Any hint on what might be causing the issue in my case? location /wtlib/ { alias /var/www/shared/wtlib_4/; index index.php; } location ~ /wtlib/.*\.php$ { alias /var/www/shared/wtlib_4/; try_files $uri =404; if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ /wtlib(/.*\.php)$) { set $valid_fastcgi_script_name $1; } fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9013; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/shared/wtlib_4$valid_fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } Thanks all ! Update: Following seems to be working fine: location /wtlib/ { alias /usr/share/php/wtlib_4/; location ~* .*\.php$ { try_files $uri @php_wtlib; } location ~* \.(html|htm|js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico|pdf|zip|rar|air)$ { expires 7d; access_log off; } } location @php_wtlib { if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ /wtlib(/.*\.php)$) { set $valid_fastcgi_script_name $1; } fastcgi_pass $byr_pass; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/share/php/wtlib_4$valid_fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; }

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• How to secure an Internet-facing Elastic Search implementation in a shared hosting environment?

  - by casperOne

  (Originally asked on StackOverflow, and recommended that I move it here) I've been going over the documentation for Elastic Search and I'm a big fan and I'd like to use it to handle the search for my ASP.NET MVC app. That introduces a few interesting twists, however. If the ASP.NET MVC application was on a dedicated machine, it would be simple to spool up an instance of Elastic Search and use the TCP Transport to connect locally. However, I'm not on a dedicated machine for the ASP.NET MVC application, nor does it look like I'll move to one anytime soon. That leaves hosting Elastic Search on another machine (in the *NIX world) and I would probably go with shared hosting there. One of the biggest things lacking from Elastic Search, however, is the fact that it doesn't support HTTPS and basic authentication out of the box. If it did, then this question wouldn't exist; I'd simply host it somewhere and make sure to have an incredibly secure password and HTTPS enabled (possibly with a self-signed certificate). But that's not the case. That given, what is a good way to expose Elastic Search over the Internet in a secure way? Note, I'm looking for something that hopefully, will not require writing code to provide shims for the methods that I want (in other words, writing forwarders).

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• Reliable router with good VPN and WAN Throughput [closed]

  - by Asdande

  I have 2 cisco rv180 VPN router. These routers are giving me lots of problems. The webpages wont load correctly, slow response to load webpages plus other many issues. I have several cases pending with cisco. I give up on these routers. I would like to know if you guys can recommend me a reliable router for our 3 branches (NY - main, SC and FL). In NY- main office, we have 55 users. In SC branch, 6 users. In Florida we only have 1 (will grow soon). I need a router capable of support: 3 VPNs Site-to-Site connection VPN throughput of at least 40-50 Mbps WAN throughput at least 100 Mpbs and up PPTP Server for at least 5 PPTP users Web filtering - all users need access to internet Good Firewall Port forwarding for FTP Server - able to show the public IPs of FTP users (rv180 cannot do that, just shows me router's LAN interface IP, opened a case with cisco, now escaleted to level 2, still no answer or workaround) Dual WAN ports for balance or backup internet. Gigabit WAN/LAN ports Price between $400-$500 range. I was thinking on the TP-LINK TL-ER6120 or TL-ER6020 according to the review on smallnetbuilder.com http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/lanwan/lanwan-reviews/31983-tp-link-tl-er6020-safestream-gigabit-dual-wan-vpn-router-reviewed but I don't want to make another mistake as I did when I bought the cisco RV180. Thank you in advance,

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