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• How to setup custom CSS based on account settings in a Django site?

  - by sdolan

  So I'm writing a Django based website that allows users select a color scheme through an administration interface. I already have middleware/context processors that links the current request (based on domain) to the account. My question is how to dynamically serve the CSS with the account's custom color scheme. I see two options: Add a CSS block to the base template that overrides the styles w/variables passed in through a context processors. Use a custom URL (e.g. "/static/dynamic/css//styles.css") that gets routed to a view that grabs all the necessary values and creates the css file. I'm content with either option, but was wondering if anyone else out there has dealt with similar problems and could give some insight as to "Best Practices".

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• Silverlight 4 Binding to ConverterParameter

  - by FrEEzE2046

  Hello everybody, I have a ValueConverter which needs to be called with a dynamic parameter, depending on a property. I can't see a way to do this ... Width="{Binding ActualWidthValue, Source={StaticResource VisibleSize}, Converter={StaticResource Fraction}}" The "Fraction" converter get's (or should get) a parameter of type System.Size, which contains a numerator and denumerator. This value (should) depend on a ItemCollection.Count. Resetting the ItemCollection should reinvoke the Converter with the new values. My first idea was to manually change the ConverterParameter in CodeBehind on the PropertyChanged event of my ItemCollection DependencyProperty. But, as I know now, Silverlight has no GetBinding() method. I heard about GetBindingExpression and tried to do. But MyGrid.GetBindingExpression(Grid.ActualHeightProperty) is always returning null, although the Binding is already established. So, what can I do to reach my target?

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• Socket.io Duplicate clients on a namespace

  - by Servernumber

  Hi I'm trying to use dynamic namespace to create them on demand. It's working except that I get duplicate or more client for some reason Server side : io.of("/" + group ).on("connection", function(socket_group) { socket_group.groupId = group; socket_group.on("infos", function(){ console.log("on the group !"); }) socket_group.on('list', function () { Urls.find({'group' : '...'}).sort({ '_id' : -1 }).limit(10).exec(function(err, data){ socket_group.emit('links', data); }); }) [...] }) Client Side : socket.emit('list', { ... }); On the client side only one command is sent but the server is always responding with 2 or more responses. Every time I close/open my app the response is incremented. Thanks if you find out.

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• How to optimize dynamic programming?

  - by Chan

  Problem A number is called lucky if the sum of its digits, as well as the sum of the squares of its digits is a prime number. How many numbers between A and B are lucky? Input: The first line contains the number of test cases T. Each of the next T lines contains two integers, A and B. Output: Output T lines, one for each case containing the required answer for the corresponding case. Constraints: 1 <= T <= 10000 1 <= A <= B <= 10^18 Sample Input: 2 1 20 120 130 Sample Output: 4 1 Explanation: For the first case, the lucky numbers are 11, 12, 14, 16. For the second case, the only lucky number is 120. The problem is quite simple if we use brute force, however the running time is so critical that my program failed most test cases. My current idea is to use dynamic programming by storing the previous sum in a temporary array, so for example: sum_digits(10) = 1 -> sum_digits(11) = sum_digits(10) + 1 The same idea is applied for sum square but with counter equals to odd numbers. Unfortunately, it still failed 9 of 10 test cases which makes me think there must be a better way to solve it. Any idea would be greatly appreciated. #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <algorithm> #include <unordered_map> #include <unordered_set> #include <cmath> #include <cassert> #include <bitset> using namespace std; bool prime_table[1540] = { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; unsigned num_digits(long long i) { return i > 0 ? (long) log10 ((double) i) + 1 : 1; } void get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(long long n, int& sum, int& sum_square) { sum = 0; sum_square = 0; int digit; while (n) { digit = n % 10; sum += digit; sum_square += digit * digit; n /= 10; } } void init_digits(long long n, long long previous_sum[], const int size = 18) { int current_no_digits = num_digits(n); int digit; for (int i = 0; i < current_no_digits; ++i) { digit = n % 10; previous_sum[i] = digit; n /= 10; } for (int i = current_no_digits; i <= size; ++i) { previous_sum[i] = 0; } } void display_previous(long long previous[]) { for (int i = 0; i < 18; ++i) { cout << previous[i] << ","; } } int count_lucky_number(long long A, long long B) { long long n = A; long long end = B; int sum = 0; int sum_square = 0; int lucky_counter = 0; get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(n, sum, sum_square); long long sum_counter = sum; long long sum_square_counter = sum_square; if (prime_table[sum_counter] && prime_table[sum_square_counter]) { lucky_counter++; } long long previous_sum[19] = {1}; init_digits(n, previous_sum); while (n < end) { n++; if (n % 100000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[17]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[16] = 0; previous_sum[15] = 0; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[16]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[15] = 0; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[15]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[14] = 0; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[14]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[13] = 0; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[13]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[12] = 0; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[12]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[11] = 0; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[11]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[10] = 0; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[10]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[9] = 0; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000000 == 0) { previous_sum[9]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[8] = 0; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000000 == 0) { previous_sum[8]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[7] = 0; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000000 == 0) { previous_sum[7]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[6] = 0; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000000 == 0) { previous_sum[6]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[5] = 0; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100000 == 0) { previous_sum[5]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[4] = 0; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10000 == 0) { previous_sum[4]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[3] = 0; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 1000 == 0) { previous_sum[3]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[2] = 0; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 100 == 0) { previous_sum[2]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[2] * previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[1] = 0; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else if (n % 10 == 0) { previous_sum[1]++; sum_counter = previous_sum[1] + previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18]; sum_square_counter = previous_sum[1] * previous_sum[1] + previous_sum[2] * previous_sum[2] + previous_sum[3] * previous_sum[3] + previous_sum[4] * previous_sum[4] + previous_sum[5] * previous_sum[5] + previous_sum[6] * previous_sum[6] + previous_sum[7] * previous_sum[7] + previous_sum[8] * previous_sum[8] + previous_sum[9] * previous_sum[9] + previous_sum[10] * previous_sum[10] + previous_sum[11] * previous_sum[11] + previous_sum[12] * previous_sum[12] + previous_sum[13] * previous_sum[13] + previous_sum[14] * previous_sum[14] + previous_sum[15] * previous_sum[15] + previous_sum[16] * previous_sum[16] + previous_sum[17] * previous_sum[17] + previous_sum[18] * previous_sum[18]; previous_sum[0] = 0; } else { sum_counter++; sum_square_counter += ((n - 1) % 10) * 2 + 1; } // get_sum_and_sum_square_digits(n, sum, sum_square); // assert(sum == sum_counter && sum_square == sum_square_counter); if (prime_table[sum_counter] && prime_table[sum_square_counter]) { lucky_counter++; } } return lucky_counter; } void inout_lucky_numbers() { int n; cin >> n; long long a; long long b; while (n--) { cin >> a >> b; cout << count_lucky_number(a, b) << endl; } } int main() { inout_lucky_numbers(); return 0; }

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• What's New in ASP.NET 4

  - by Navaneeth

  The .NET Framework version 4 includes enhancements for ASP.NET 4 in targeted areas. Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft Visual Web Developer Express also include enhancements and new features for improved Web development. This document provides an overview of many of the new features that are included in the upcoming release. This topic contains the following sections: ASP.NET Core Services ASP.NET Web Forms ASP.NET MVC Dynamic Data ASP.NET Chart Control Visual Web Developer Enhancements Web Application Deployment with Visual Studio 2010 Enhancements to ASP.NET Multi-Targeting ASP.NET Core Services ASP.NET 4 introduces many features that improve core ASP.NET services such as output caching and session state storage. Extensible Output Caching Since the time that ASP.NET 1.0 was released, output caching has enabled developers to store the generated output of pages, controls, and HTTP responses in memory. On subsequent Web requests, ASP.NET can serve content more quickly by retrieving the generated output from memory instead of regenerating the output from scratch. However, this approach has a limitation — generated content always has to be stored in memory. On servers that experience heavy traffic, the memory requirements for output caching can compete with memory requirements for other parts of a Web application. ASP.NET 4 adds extensibility to output caching that enables you to configure one or more custom output-cache providers. Output-cache providers can use any storage mechanism to persist HTML content. These storage options can include local or remote disks, cloud storage, and distributed cache engines. Output-cache provider extensibility in ASP.NET 4 lets you design more aggressive and more intelligent output-caching strategies for Web sites. For example, you can create an output-cache provider that caches the "Top 10" pages of a site in memory, while caching pages that get lower traffic on disk. Alternatively, you can cache every vary-by combination for a rendered page, but use a distributed cache so that the memory consumption is offloaded from front-end Web servers. You create a custom output-cache provider as a class that derives from the OutputCacheProvider type. You can then configure the provider in the Web.config file by using the new providers subsection of the outputCache element For more information and for examples that show how to configure the output cache, see outputCache Element for caching (ASP.NET Settings Schema). For more information about the classes that support caching, see the documentation for the OutputCache and OutputCacheProvider classes. By default, in ASP.NET 4, all HTTP responses, rendered pages, and controls use the in-memory output cache. The defaultProvider attribute for ASP.NET is AspNetInternalProvider. You can change the default output-cache provider used for a Web application by specifying a different provider name for defaultProvider attribute. In addition, you can select different output-cache providers for individual control and for individual requests and programmatically specify which provider to use. For more information, see the HttpApplication.GetOutputCacheProviderName(HttpContext) method. The easiest way to choose a different output-cache provider for different Web user controls is to do so declaratively by using the new providerName attribute in a page or control directive, as shown in the following example: <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="None" providerName="DiskCache" %> Preloading Web Applications Some Web applications must load large amounts of data or must perform expensive initialization processing before serving the first request. In earlier versions of ASP.NET, for these situations you had to devise custom approaches to "wake up" an ASP.NET application and then run initialization code during the Application_Load method in the Global.asax file. To address this scenario, a new application preload manager (autostart feature) is available when ASP.NET 4 runs on IIS 7.5 on Windows Server 2008 R2. The preload feature provides a controlled approach for starting up an application pool, initializing an ASP.NET application, and then accepting HTTP requests. It lets you perform expensive application initialization prior to processing the first HTTP request. For example, you can use the application preload manager to initialize an application and then signal a load-balancer that the application was initialized and ready to accept HTTP traffic. To use the application preload manager, an IIS administrator sets an application pool in IIS 7.5 to be automatically started by using the following configuration in the applicationHost.config file: <applicationPools> <add name="MyApplicationPool" startMode="AlwaysRunning" /> </applicationPools> Because a single application pool can contain multiple applications, you specify individual applications to be automatically started by using the following configuration in the applicationHost.config file: <sites> <site name="MySite" id="1"> <application path="/" serviceAutoStartEnabled="true" serviceAutoStartProvider="PrewarmMyCache" > <!-- Additional content --> </application> </site> </sites> <!-- Additional content --> <serviceAutoStartProviders> <add name="PrewarmMyCache" type="MyNamespace.CustomInitialization, MyLibrary" /> </serviceAutoStartProviders> When an IIS 7.5 server is cold-started or when an individual application pool is recycled, IIS 7.5 uses the information in the applicationHost.config file to determine which Web applications have to be automatically started. For each application that is marked for preload, IIS7.5 sends a request to ASP.NET 4 to start the application in a state during which the application temporarily does not accept HTTP requests. When it is in this state, ASP.NET instantiates the type defined by the serviceAutoStartProvider attribute (as shown in the previous example) and calls into its public entry point. You create a managed preload type that has the required entry point by implementing the IProcessHostPreloadClient interface, as shown in the following example: public class CustomInitialization : System.Web.Hosting.IProcessHostPreloadClient { public void Preload(string[] parameters) { // Perform initialization. } } After your initialization code runs in the Preload method and after the method returns, the ASP.NET application is ready to process requests. Permanently Redirecting a Page Content in Web applications is often moved over the lifetime of the application. This can lead to links to be out of date, such as the links that are returned by search engines. In ASP.NET, developers have traditionally handled requests to old URLs by using the Redirect method to forward a request to the new URL. However, the Redirect method issues an HTTP 302 (Found) response (which is used for a temporary redirect). This results in an extra HTTP round trip. ASP.NET 4 adds a RedirectPermanent helper method that makes it easy to issue HTTP 301 (Moved Permanently) responses, as in the following example: RedirectPermanent("/newpath/foroldcontent.aspx"); Search engines and other user agents that recognize permanent redirects will store the new URL that is associated with the content, which eliminates the unnecessary round trip made by the browser for temporary redirects. Session State Compression By default, ASP.NET provides two options for storing session state across a Web farm. The first option is a session state provider that invokes an out-of-process session state server. The second option is a session state provider that stores data in a Microsoft SQL Server database. Because both options store state information outside a Web application's worker process, session state has to be serialized before it is sent to remote storage. If a large amount of data is saved in session state, the size of the serialized data can become very large. ASP.NET 4 introduces a new compression option for both kinds of out-of-process session state providers. By using this option, applications that have spare CPU cycles on Web servers can achieve substantial reductions in the size of serialized session state data. You can set this option using the new compressionEnabled attribute of the sessionState element in the configuration file. When the compressionEnabled configuration option is set to true, ASP.NET compresses (and decompresses) serialized session state by using the .NET Framework GZipStreamclass. The following example shows how to set this attribute. <sessionState mode="SqlServer" sqlConnectionString="data source=dbserver;Initial Catalog=aspnetstate" allowCustomSqlDatabase="true" compressionEnabled="true" /> ASP.NET Web Forms Web Forms has been a core feature in ASP.NET since the release of ASP.NET 1.0. Many enhancements have been in this area for ASP.NET 4, such as the following: The ability to set meta tags. More control over view state. Support for recently introduced browsers and devices. Easier ways to work with browser capabilities. Support for using ASP.NET routing with Web Forms. More control over generated IDs. The ability to persist selected rows in data controls. More control over rendered HTML in the FormView and ListView controls. Filtering support for data source controls. Enhanced support for Web standards and accessibility Setting Meta Tags with the Page.MetaKeywords and Page.MetaDescription Properties Two properties have been added to the Page class: MetaKeywords and MetaDescription. These two properties represent corresponding meta tags in the HTML rendered for a page, as shown in the following example: <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title> <meta name="keywords" content="keyword1, keyword2' /> <meta name="description" content="Description of my page" /> </head> These two properties work like the Title property does, and they can be set in the @ Page directive. For more information, see Page.MetaKeywords and Page.MetaDescription. Enabling View State for Individual Controls A new property has been added to the Control class: ViewStateMode. You can use this property to disable view state for all controls on a page except those for which you explicitly enable view state. View state data is included in a page's HTML and increases the amount of time it takes to send a page to the client and post it back. Storing more view state than is necessary can cause significant decrease in performance. In earlier versions of ASP.NET, you could reduce the impact of view state on a page's performance by disabling view state for specific controls. But sometimes it is easier to enable view state for a few controls that need it instead of disabling it for many that do not need it. For more information, see Control.ViewStateMode. Support for Recently Introduced Browsers and Devices ASP.NET includes a feature that is named browser capabilities that lets you determine the capabilities of the browser that a user is using. Browser capabilities are represented by the HttpBrowserCapabilities object which is stored in the HttpRequest.Browser property. Information about a particular browser's capabilities is defined by a browser definition file. In ASP.NET 4, these browser definition files have been updated to contain information about recently introduced browsers and devices such as Google Chrome, Research in Motion BlackBerry smart phones, and Apple iPhone. Existing browser definition files have also been updated. For more information, see How to: Upgrade an ASP.NET Web Application to ASP.NET 4 and ASP.NET Web Server Controls and Browser Capabilities. The browser definition files that are included with ASP.NET 4 are shown in the following list: •blackberry.browser •chrome.browser •Default.browser •firefox.browser •gateway.browser •generic.browser •ie.browser •iemobile.browser •iphone.browser •opera.browser •safari.browser A New Way to Define Browser Capabilities ASP.NET 4 includes a new feature referred to as browser capabilities providers. As the name suggests, this lets you build a provider that in turn lets you write custom code to determine browser capabilities. In ASP.NET version 3.5 Service Pack 1, you define browser capabilities in an XML file. This file resides in a machine-level folder or an application-level folder. Most developers do not need to customize these files, but for those who do, the provider approach can be easier than dealing with complex XML syntax. The provider approach makes it possible to simplify the process by implementing a common browser definition syntax, or a database that contains up-to-date browser definitions, or even a Web service for such a database. For more information about the new browser capabilities provider, see the What's New for ASP.NET 4 White Paper. Routing in ASP.NET 4 ASP.NET 4 adds built-in support for routing with Web Forms. Routing is a feature that was introduced with ASP.NET 3.5 SP1 and lets you configure an application to use URLs that are meaningful to users and to search engines because they do not have to specify physical file names. This can make your site more user-friendly and your site content more discoverable by search engines. For example, the URL for a page that displays product categories in your application might look like the following example: http://website/products.aspx?categoryid=12 By using routing, you can use the following URL to render the same information: http://website/products/software The second URL lets the user know what to expect and can result in significantly improved rankings in search engine results. the new features include the following: The PageRouteHandler class is a simple HTTP handler that you use when you define routes. You no longer have to write a custom route handler. The HttpRequest.RequestContext and Page.RouteData properties make it easier to access information that is passed in URL parameters. The RouteUrl expression provides a simple way to create a routed URL in markup. The RouteValue expression provides a simple way to extract URL parameter values in markup. The RouteParameter class makes it easier to pass URL parameter values to a query for a data source control (similar to FormParameter). You no longer have to change the Web.config file to enable routing. For more information about routing, see the following topics: ASP.NET Routing Walkthrough: Using ASP.NET Routing in a Web Forms Application How to: Define Routes for Web Forms Applications How to: Construct URLs from Routes How to: Access URL Parameters in a Routed Page Setting Client IDs The new ClientIDMode property makes it easier to write client script that references HTML elements rendered for server controls. Increasing use of Microsoft Ajax makes the need to do this more common. For example, you may have a data control that renders a long list of products with prices and you want to use client script to make a Web service call and update individual prices in the list as they change without refreshing the entire page. Typically you get a reference to an HTML element in client script by using the document.GetElementById method. You pass to this method the value of the id attribute of the HTML element you want to reference. In the case of elements that are rendered for ASP.NET server controls earlier versions of ASP.NET could make this difficult or impossible. You were not always able to predict what id values ASP.NET would generate, or ASP.NET could generate very long id values. The problem was especially difficult for data controls that would generate multiple rows for a single instance of the control in your markup. ASP.NET 4 adds two new algorithms for generating id attributes. These algorithms can generate id attributes that are easier to work with in client script because they are more predictable and that are easier to work with because they are simpler. For more information about how to use the new algorithms, see the following topics: ASP.NET Web Server Control Identification Walkthrough: Making Data-Bound Controls Easier to Access from JavaScript Walkthrough: Making Controls Located in Web User Controls Easier to Access from JavaScript How to: Access Controls from JavaScript by ID Persisting Row Selection in Data Controls The GridView and ListView controls enable users to select a row. In previous versions of ASP.NET, row selection was based on the row index on the page. For example, if you select the third item on page 1 and then move to page 2, the third item on page 2 is selected. In most cases, is more desirable not to select any rows on page 2. ASP.NET 4 supports Persisted Selection, a new feature that was initially supported only in Dynamic Data projects in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1. When this feature is enabled, the selected item is based on the row data key. This means that if you select the third row on page 1 and move to page 2, nothing is selected on page 2. When you move back to page 1, the third row is still selected. This is a much more natural behavior than the behavior in earlier versions of ASP.NET. Persisted selection is now supported for the GridView and ListView controls in all projects. You can enable this feature in the GridView control, for example, by setting the EnablePersistedSelection property, as shown in the following example: <asp:GridView id="GridView2" runat="server" PersistedSelection="true"> </asp:GridView> FormView Control Enhancements The FormView control is enhanced to make it easier to style the content of the control with CSS. In previous versions of ASP.NET, the FormView control rendered it contents using an item template. This made styling more difficult in the markup because unexpected table row and table cell tags were rendered by the control. The FormView control supports RenderOuterTable, a property in ASP.NET 4. When this property is set to false, as show in the following example, the table tags are not rendered. This makes it easier to apply CSS style to the contents of the control. <asp:FormView ID="FormView1" runat="server" RenderTable="false"> For more information, see FormView Web Server Control Overview. ListView Control Enhancements The ListView control, which was introduced in ASP.NET 3.5, has all the functionality of the GridView control while giving you complete control over the output. This control has been made easier to use in ASP.NET 4. The earlier version of the control required that you specify a layout template that contained a server control with a known ID. The following markup shows a typical example of how to use the ListView control in ASP.NET 3.5. <asp:ListView ID="ListView1" runat="server"> <LayoutTemplate> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="ItemPlaceHolder" runat="server"></asp:PlaceHolder> </LayoutTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <% Eval("LastName")%> </ItemTemplate> </asp:ListView> In ASP.NET 4, the ListView control does not require a layout template. The markup shown in the previous example can be replaced with the following markup: <asp:ListView ID="ListView1" runat="server"> <ItemTemplate> <% Eval("LastName")%> </ItemTemplate> </asp:ListView> For more information, see ListView Web Server Control Overview. Filtering Data with the QueryExtender Control A very common task for developers who create data-driven Web pages is to filter data. This traditionally has been performed by building Where clauses in data source controls. This approach can be complicated, and in some cases the Where syntax does not let you take advantage of the full functionality of the underlying database. To make filtering easier, a new QueryExtender control has been added in ASP.NET 4. This control can be added to EntityDataSource or LinqDataSource controls in order to filter the data returned by these controls. Because the QueryExtender control relies on LINQ, but you do not to need to know how to write LINQ queries to use the query extender. The QueryExtender control supports a variety of filter options. The following lists QueryExtender filter options. Term Definition SearchExpression Searches a field or fields for string values and compares them to a specified string value. RangeExpression Searches a field or fields for values in a range specified by a pair of values. PropertyExpression Compares a specified value to a property value in a field. If the expression evaluates to true, the data that is being examined is returned. OrderByExpression Sorts data by a specified column and sort direction. CustomExpression Calls a function that defines custom filter in the page. For more information, see QueryExtenderQueryExtender Web Server Control Overview. Enhanced Support for Web Standards and Accessibility Earlier versions of ASP.NET controls sometimes render markup that does not conform to HTML, XHTML, or accessibility standards. ASP.NET 4 eliminates most of these exceptions. For details about how the HTML that is rendered by each control meets accessibility standards, see ASP.NET Controls and Accessibility. CSS for Controls that Can be Disabled In ASP.NET 3.5, when a control is disabled (see WebControl.Enabled), a disabled attribute is added to the rendered HTML element. For example, the following markup creates a Label control that is disabled: <asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server"   Text="Test" Enabled="false" /> In ASP.NET 3.5, the previous control settings generate the following HTML: <span id="Label1" disabled="disabled">Test</span> In HTML 4.01, the disabled attribute is not considered valid on span elements. It is valid only on input elements because it specifies that they cannot be accessed. On display-only elements such as span elements, browsers typically support rendering for a disabled appearance, but a Web page that relies on this non-standard behavior is not robust according to accessibility standards. For display-only elements, you should use CSS to indicate a disabled visual appearance. Therefore, by default ASP.NET 4 generates the following HTML for the control settings shown previously: <span id="Label1" class="aspNetDisabled">Test</span> You can change the value of the class attribute that is rendered by default when a control is disabled by setting the DisabledCssClass property. CSS for Validation Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, validation controls render a default color of red as an inline style. For example, the following markup creates a RequiredFieldValidator control: <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="RequiredFieldValidator1" runat="server"   ErrorMessage="Required Field" ControlToValidate="RadioButtonList1" /> ASP.NET 3.5 renders the following HTML for the validator control: <span id="RequiredFieldValidator1"   style="color:Red;visibility:hidden;">RequiredFieldValidator</span> By default, ASP.NET 4 does not render an inline style to set the color to red. An inline style is used only to hide or show the validator, as shown in the following example: <span id="RequiredFieldValidator1"   style"visibility:hidden;">RequiredFieldValidator</span> Therefore, ASP.NET 4 does not automatically show error messages in red. For information about how to use CSS to specify a visual style for a validation control, see Validating User Input in ASP.NET Web Pages. CSS for the Hidden Fields Div Element ASP.NET uses hidden fields to store state information such as view state and control state. These hidden fields are contained by a div element. In ASP.NET 3.5, this div element does not have a class attribute or an id attribute. Therefore, CSS rules that affect all div elements could unintentionally cause this div to be visible. To avoid this problem, ASP.NET 4 renders the div element for hidden fields with a CSS class that you can use to differentiate the hidden fields div from others. The new classvalue is shown in the following example: <div class="aspNetHidden"> CSS for the Table, Image, and ImageButton Controls By default, in ASP.NET 3.5, some controls set the border attribute of rendered HTML to zero (0). The following example shows HTML that is generated by the Table control in ASP.NET 3.5: <table id="Table2" border="0"> The Image control and the ImageButton control also do this. Because this is not necessary and provides visual formatting information that should be provided by using CSS, the attribute is not generated in ASP.NET 4. CSS for the UpdatePanel and UpdateProgress Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, the UpdatePanel and UpdateProgress controls do not support expando attributes. This makes it impossible to set a CSS class on the HTMLelements that they render. In ASP.NET 4 these controls have been changed to accept expando attributes, as shown in the following example: <asp:UpdatePanel runat="server" class="myStyle"> </asp:UpdatePanel> The following HTML is rendered for this markup: <div id="ctl00_MainContent_UpdatePanel1" class="expandoclass"> </div> Eliminating Unnecessary Outer Tables In ASP.NET 3.5, the HTML that is rendered for the following controls is wrapped in a table element whose purpose is to apply inline styles to the entire control: FormView Login PasswordRecovery ChangePassword If you use templates to customize the appearance of these controls, you can specify CSS styles in the markup that you provide in the templates. In that case, no extra outer table is required. In ASP.NET 4, you can prevent the table from being rendered by setting the new RenderOuterTable property to false. Layout Templates for Wizard Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, the Wizard and CreateUserWizard controls generate an HTML table element that is used for visual formatting. In ASP.NET 4 you can use a LayoutTemplate element to specify the layout. If you do this, the HTML table element is not generated. In the template, you create placeholder controls to indicate where items should be dynamically inserted into the control. (This is similar to how the template model for the ListView control works.) For more information, see the Wizard.LayoutTemplate property. New HTML Formatting Options for the CheckBoxList and RadioButtonList Controls ASP.NET 3.5 uses HTML table elements to format the output for the CheckBoxList and RadioButtonList controls. To provide an alternative that does not use tables for visual formatting, ASP.NET 4 adds two new options to the RepeatLayout enumeration: UnorderedList. This option causes the HTML output to be formatted by using ul and li elements instead of a table. OrderedList. This option causes the HTML output to be formatted by using ol and li elements instead of a table. For examples of HTML that is rendered for the new options, see the RepeatLayout enumeration. Header and Footer Elements for the Table Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the Table control can be configured to render thead and tfoot elements by setting the TableSection property of the TableHeaderRow class and the TableFooterRow class. In ASP.NET 4 these properties are set to the appropriate values by default. CSS and ARIA Support for the Menu Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the Menu control uses HTML table elements for visual formatting, and in some configurations it is not keyboard-accessible. ASP.NET 4 addresses these problems and improves accessibility in the following ways: The generated HTML is structured as an unordered list (ul and li elements). CSS is used for visual formatting. The menu behaves in accordance with ARIA standards for keyboard access. You can use arrow keys to navigate menu items. (For information about ARIA, see Accessibility in Visual Studio and ASP.NET.) ARIA role and property attributes are added to the generated HTML. (Attributes are added by using JavaScript instead of included in the HTML, to avoid generating HTML that would cause markup validation errors.) Styles for the Menu control are rendered in a style block at the top of the page, instead of inline with the rendered HTML elements. If you want to use a separate CSS file so that you can modify the menu styles, you can set the Menu control's new IncludeStyleBlock property to false, in which case the style block is not generated. Valid XHTML for the HtmlForm Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the HtmlForm control (which is created implicitly by the <form runat="server"> tag) renders an HTML form element that has both name and id attributes. The name attribute is deprecated in XHTML 1.1. Therefore, this control does not render the name attribute in ASP.NET 4. Maintaining Backward Compatibility in Control Rendering An existing ASP.NET Web site might have code in it that assumes that controls are rendering HTML the way they do in ASP.NET 3.5. To avoid causing backward compatibility problems when you upgrade the site to ASP.NET 4, you can have ASP.NET continue to generate HTML the way it does in ASP.NET 3.5 after you upgrade the site. To do so, you can set the controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion attribute of the pages element to "3.5" in the Web.config file of an ASP.NET 4 Web site, as shown in the following example: <system.web>   <pages controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion="3.5"/> </system.web> If this setting is omitted, the default value is the same as the version of ASP.NET that the Web site targets. (For information about multi-targeting in ASP.NET, see .NET Framework Multi-Targeting for ASP.NET Web Projects.) ASP.NET MVC ASP.NET MVC helps Web developers build compelling standards-based Web sites that are easy to maintain because it decreases the dependency among application layers by using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern. MVC provides complete control over the page markup. It also improves testability by inherently supporting Test Driven Development (TDD). Web sites created using ASP.NET MVC have a modular architecture. This allows members of a team to work independently on the various modules and can be used to improve collaboration. For example, developers can work on the model and controller layers (data and logic), while the designer work on the view (presentation). For tutorials, walkthroughs, conceptual content, code samples, and a complete API reference, see ASP.NET MVC 2. Dynamic Data Dynamic Data was introduced in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 release in mid-2008. This feature provides many enhancements for creating data-driven applications, such as the following: A RAD experience for quickly building a data-driven Web site. Automatic validation that is based on constraints defined in the data model. The ability to easily change the markup that is generated for fields in the GridView and DetailsView controls by using field templates that are part of your Dynamic Data project. For ASP.NET 4, Dynamic Data has been enhanced to give developers even more power for quickly building data-driven Web sites. For more information, see ASP.NET Dynamic Data Content Map. Enabling Dynamic Data for Individual Data-Bound Controls in Existing Web Applications You can use Dynamic Data features in existing ASP.NET Web applications that do not use scaffolding by enabling Dynamic Data for individual data-bound controls. Dynamic Data provides the presentation and data layer support for rendering these controls. When you enable Dynamic Data for data-bound controls, you get the following benefits: Setting default values for data fields. Dynamic Data enables you to provide default values at run time for fields in a data control. Interacting with the database without creating and registering a data model. Automatically validating the data that is entered by the user without writing any code. For more information, see Walkthrough: Enabling Dynamic Data in ASP.NET Data-Bound Controls. New Field Templates for URLs and E-mail Addresses ASP.NET 4 introduces two new built-in field templates, EmailAddress.ascx and Url.ascx. These templates are used for fields that are marked as EmailAddress or Url using the DataTypeAttribute attribute. For EmailAddress objects, the field is displayed as a hyperlink that is created by using the mailto: protocol. When users click the link, it opens the user's e-mail client and creates a skeleton message. Objects typed as Url are displayed as ordinary hyperlinks. The following example shows how to mark fields. [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)] public object HomeEmail { get; set; } [DataType(DataType.Url)] public object Website { get; set; } Creating Links with the DynamicHyperLink Control Dynamic Data uses the new routing feature that was added in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 to control the URLs that users see when they access the Web site. The new DynamicHyperLink control makes it easy to build links to pages in a Dynamic Data site. For information, see How to: Create Table Action Links in Dynamic Data Support for Inheritance in the Data Model Both the ADO.NET Entity Framework and LINQ to SQL support inheritance in their data models. An example of this might be a database that has an InsurancePolicy table. It might also contain CarPolicy and HousePolicy tables that have the same fields as InsurancePolicy and then add more fields. Dynamic Data has been modified to understand inherited objects in the data model and to support scaffolding for the inherited tables. For more information, see Walkthrough: Mapping Table-per-Hierarchy Inheritance in Dynamic Data. Support for Many-to-Many Relationships (Entity Framework Only) The Entity Framework has rich support for many-to-many relationships between tables, which is implemented by exposing the relationship as a collection on an Entity object. New field templates (ManyToMany.ascx and ManyToMany_Edit.ascx) have been added to provide support for displaying and editing data that is involved in many-to-many relationships. For more information, see Working with Many-to-Many Data Relationships in Dynamic Data. New Attributes to Control Display and Support Enumerations The DisplayAttribute has been added to give you additional control over how fields are displayed. The DisplayNameAttribute attribute in earlier versions of Dynamic Data enabled you to change the name that is used as a caption for a field. The new DisplayAttribute class lets you specify more options for displaying a field, such as the order in which a field is displayed and whether a field will be used as a filter. The attribute also provides independent control of the name that is used for the labels in a GridView control, the name that is used in a DetailsView control, the help text for the field, and the watermark used for the field (if the field accepts text input). The EnumDataTypeAttribute class has been added to let you map fields to enumerations. When you apply this attribute to a field, you specify an enumeration type. Dynamic Data uses the new Enumeration.ascx field template to create UI for displaying and editing enumeration values. The template maps the values from the database to the names in the enumeration. Enhanced Support for Filters Dynamic Data 1.0 had built-in filters for Boolean columns and foreign-key columns. The filters did not let you specify the order in which they were displayed. The new DisplayAttribute attribute addresses this by giving you control over whether a column appears as a filter and in what order it will be displayed. An additional enhancement is that filtering support has been rewritten to use the new QueryExtender feature of Web Forms. This lets you create filters without requiring knowledge of the data source control that the filters will be used with. Along with these extensions, filters have also been turned into template controls, which lets you add new ones. Finally, the DisplayAttribute class mentioned earlier allows the default filter to be overridden, in the same way that UIHint allows the default field template for a column to be overridden. For more information, see Walkthrough: Filtering Rows in Tables That Have a Parent-Child Relationship and QueryableFilterRepeater. ASP.NET Chart Control The ASP.NET chart server control enables you to create ASP.NET pages applications that have simple, intuitive charts for complex statistical or financial analysis. The chart control supports the following features: Data series, chart areas, axes, legends, labels, titles, and more. Data binding. Data manipulation, such as copying, splitting, merging, alignment, grouping, sorting, searching, and filtering. Statistical formulas and financial formulas. Advanced chart appearance, such as 3-D, anti-aliasing, lighting, and perspective. Events and customizations. Interactivity and Microsoft Ajax. Support for the Ajax Content Delivery Network (CDN), which provides an optimized way for you to add Microsoft Ajax Library and jQuery scripts to your Web applications. For more information, see Chart Web Server Control Overview. Visual Web Developer Enhancements The following sections provide information about enhancements and new features in Visual Studio 2010 and Visual Web Developer Express. The Web page designer in Visual Studio 2010 has been enhanced for better CSS compatibility, includes additional support for HTML and ASP.NET markup snippets, and features a redesigned version of IntelliSense for JScript. Improved CSS Compatibility The Visual Web Developer designer in Visual Studio 2010 has been updated to improve CSS 2.1 standards compliance. The designer better preserves HTML source code and is more robust than in previous versions of Visual Studio. HTML and JScript Snippets In the HTML editor, IntelliSense auto-completes tag names. The IntelliSense Snippets feature auto-completes whole tags and more. In Visual Studio 2010, IntelliSense snippets are supported for JScript, alongside C# and Visual Basic, which were supported in earlier versions of Visual Studio. Visual Studio 2010 includes over 200 snippets that help you auto-complete common ASP.NET and HTML tags, including required attributes (such as runat="server") and common attributes specific to a tag (such as ID, DataSourceID, ControlToValidate, and Text). You can download additional snippets, or you can write your own snippets that encapsulate the blocks of markup that you or your team use for common tasks. For more information on HTML snippets, see Walkthrough: Using HTML Snippets. JScript IntelliSense Enhancements In Visual 2010, JScript IntelliSense has been redesigned to provide an even richer editing experience. IntelliSense now recognizes objects that have been dynamically generated by methods such as registerNamespace and by similar techniques used by other JavaScript frameworks. Performance has been improved to analyze large libraries of script and to display IntelliSense with little or no processing delay. Compatibility has been significantly increased to support almost all third-party libraries and to support diverse coding styles. Documentation comments are now parsed as you type and are immediately leveraged by IntelliSense. Web Application Deployment with Visual Studio 2010 For Web application projects, Visual Studio now provides tools that work with the IIS Web Deployment Tool (Web Deploy) to automate many processes that had to be done manually in earlier versions of ASP.NET. For example, the following tasks can now be automated: Creating an IIS application on the destination computer and configuring IIS settings. Copying files to the destination computer. Changing Web.config settings that must be different in the destination environment. Propagating changes to data or data structures in SQL Server databases that are used by the Web application. For more information about Web application deployment, see ASP.NET Deployment Content Map. Enhancements to ASP.NET Multi-Targeting ASP.NET 4 adds new features to the multi-targeting feature to make it easier to work with projects that target earlier versions of the .NET Framework. Multi-targeting was introduced in ASP.NET 3.5 to enable you to use the latest version of Visual Studio without having to upgrade existing Web sites or Web services to the latest version of the .NET Framework. In Visual Studio 2008, when you work with a project targeted for an earlier version of the .NET Framework, most features of the development environment adapt to the targeted version. However, IntelliSense displays language features that are available in the current version, and property windows display properties available in the current version. In Visual Studio 2010, only language features and properties available in the targeted version of the .NET Framework are shown. For more information about multi-targeting, see the following topics: .NET Framework Multi-Targeting for ASP.NET Web Projects ASP.NET Side-by-Side Execution Overview How to: Host Web Applications That Use Different Versions of the .NET Framework on the Same Server How to: Deploy Web Site Projects Targeted for Earlier Versions of the .NET Framework

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• Why don't we use dynamic (server-side generated) CSS?

  - by ern0

  As server-side generated HTML is trivial (and it was the only way to make dynamic webpages before AJAX), server-side generated CSS is not. Actually, I've never seen it. There are CSS compilers, but they generate CSS files which can be used as static. Technically, it requires no special libraries, the HTML style tag should reference to the PHP(/ASP/whatever) templater script instead of the static CSS file, and the script should send out CSS content-type header - that's all. Does it have cache problems? I don't think so. The script should send out no-cache etc. headers. Is it problem for designers? No, they should edit the CSS template (as they edit the HTML template). Why we don't use dynamic CSS generators? Or if there's any, please let me know.

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• Add valuable dynamic content to a mobile oriented (local) website, any suggestions?

  - by cesko80

  HI to all, I'm developing a mobile website containing some valuable dynamic content for people living in my city. I did find some useful informations that aren't available in a quick, light mobile format and I added to my site: teathers' programming, pharmacy shops open at night, twitter account embedding... have you got any other suggestion? I was thinking about facebook oauth to add some "social" feel, but I woluld like to avoid cloning fb information/features, just add some other cool addictive thing. I 'm using php for dynamic contents.

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• Microsoft JScript runtime error: Sys.InvalidOperationException: Two components with the same id.

  - by Irwin

  I'm working in ASP .NET dynamic data. In one of my edit controls I wanted to allow the user to add records from a related table to the current page. (Literally, if you are on the orders page, you would be allowed to add a new customer to the system on this page as well, and then associate it with that order). So, I have a DetailsView set to InsertMode, nested inside of an UpdatePanel, which is shown by a ModalPopupExtender which is invoked when 'add new' is clicked. This doohickey works the first time i execute this process, that is, a customer is added (and i update the dropdown list as well). However, I realized it didn't work (properly) again until I refreshed the entire page. When I attached my debugger, my worst fears were realized (ok, not really). But an exception was being thrown: "Microsoft JScript runtime error: Sys.InvalidOperationException: Two components with the same id." Which seemed to be complaining about a Calendar Extender Control that is part of the details view. Any guidance on what's going on here would be great. Thanks.

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• sample java code for approximate string matching or boyer-moore extended for approximate string matc

  - by Dolphin

  Hi I need to find 1.mismatch(incorrectly played notes), 2.insertion(additional played), & 3.deletion (missed notes), in a music piece (e.g. note pitches [string values] stored in a table) against a reference music piece. This is either possible through exact string matching algorithms or dynamic programming/ approximate string matching algos. However I realised that approximate string matching is more appropriate for my problem due to identifying mismatch, insertion, deletion of notes. Or an extended version of Boyer-moore to support approx. string matching. Is there any link for sample java code I can try out approximate string matching? I find complex explanations and equations - but I hope I could do well with some sample code and simple explanations. Or can I find any sample java code on boyer-moore extended for approx. string matching? I understand the boyer-moore concept, but having troubles with adjusting it to support approx. string matching (i.e. to support mismatch, insertion, deletion). Also what is the most efficient approx. string matching algorithm (like boyer-moore in exact string matching algo)? Greatly appreciate any insight/ suggestions. Many thanks in advance

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• How does symbol binding work for shared libraries in linux

  - by bbazso

  When compiling a cpp program with g++ -O0 I noticed that my binary does not contain the symbol for the empty string (basic_string): _S_empty_rep_storage When I do compile this same program with -O2 I notice that the aforementioned symbol is indeed contained within the binary as follows (using nm on the bin): 00000000006029a0 V _ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE@@GLIBCXX_3.4 My application uses several .so (dynamic libraries) and when my aplication loads I notice that several of these .so files bind as follows (I set LD_DEBUG=all and ran my program): 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/mydynamiclib.so [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/mydynamiclib.so [0] to /home/bbazso/workspace/mytestapplication [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] 28596: binding file /home/bbazso/workspace/mytestapplication [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4]** But I also noticed that one of my .so only binds as follows: 28087: binding file /home/bbazso/usr/local/lib/anotherdynamiclib.so [0] to /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 [0]: normal symbol `_ZNSs4_Rep20_S_empty_rep_storageE' [GLIBCXX_3.4] but never binds to the binary (mytestapplication) as shown above for the mydynamiclib.so. So I was wondering what this actually means? Does this mean that anotherdynamiclib.so will use a different symbol for the empty string above than the rest of the application? I guess what I'm really asking is how does symbol binding work in the context of the example above? Thanks!

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• Unknown error in the memory in C

  - by Sergey Gavruk

  I have a 2D dynamic array. I enter a line of 0's after line which has a biggest number: void InsertZero(int **a, int pos){ int i, j; a = (int**)realloc(a, n * sizeof(*a)); a[n-1] = (int*)calloc(n, sizeof(**a)); d = 0; for(i = n-1; i > pos; i--){ for(j = 0; j < n; j++){ a[i][j] = a[i-1][j]; printf("%d ", a[i][j]); } } for(i = 0; i < n; i++){ a[pos][i] = 0; } } If i make a size of array 3, 5, 7, 9, ... it works correctly. But if a number of lines is 2, 4, 6, ... , it is an access violation error, when i try to print my array: void Print(void){ int i, j; for(i = 0; i < (n-d); i++){ for(j = 0; j < n; j++){ printf("%d\t", arr[i][j]); } printf("\n"); } } code: http://codepad.org/JcUis6W4

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• recursively implementing 'minimum number of coins' in python

  - by user5198

  This problem is same as asked in here. Given a list of coins, their values (c1, c2, c3, ... cj, ...), and the total sum i. Find the minimum number of coins the sum of which is i (we can use as many coins of one type as we want), or report that it's not possible to select coins in such a way that they sum up to S. I"m just introduced to dynamic programming yesterday and I tried to make a code for it. # Optimal substructure: C[i] = 1 + min_j(C[i-cj]) cdict = {} def C(i, coins): if i <= 0: return 0 if i in cdict: return cdict[i] else: answer = 1 + min([C(i - cj, coins) for cj in coins]) cdict[i] = answer return answer Here, C[i] is the optimal solution for amount of money 'i'. And available coins are {c1, c2, ... , cj, ...} for the program, I've increased the recursion limit to avoid maximum recursion depth exceeded error. But, this program gives the right answer only someones and when a solution is not possible, it doesn't indicate that. What is wrong with my code and how to correct it?

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• java class creation dynamically and make it accessible across the network different jvms i.e. serial

  - by inj.rav

  Hi. I have a requirement of creating java classes dynamically and make it accessible different jvms across the network. I tried to use reflection and javassist tool,but nothing worked. Let me explain the scenario we are using Coherence distributed cache. It has a power of doing aggregation/filtering in parallel across the cluster. For example if a class has [dynamic class] has amount variable and getAmount/setAmount methods. Then if we execute COHERENCE queries, it will start process in parallel across the cluster. I tried to create classes at run time by using javassist and reflection. I am able to access it from single JVM, but when I tried to access the same class from other jvm [through coherence cluster]. I am getting exception of class not found [as remote jvm is not having idea of this class].I can over come this by creating same class dynamically on remote jvm also and access the methods. But coherence in built methods/functions are not able to find the class. could some one help me on this matter

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• Ignore LD_LIBRARY_PATH and stick with library given through -rpath at link time

  - by roe

  I'm sitting in an environment which I have no real control over (it's not just me, so basically, I can't change the environment or it won't work for anyone else), the only thing I can affect is how the binary is built. My problem is, the environment specifies an LD_LIBRARY_PATH containing a libstdc++ which is not compatible with the compiler being used. I tried compiling it statically, but that doesn't seem possible for g++ (version 4.2.3, seems to have been work done in this direction in later versions though which are not available, -static-libstdc++ or something like that). Now I've arrived at using rpath to bake the absolute path name into the executable (would work, all machines it's supposed to run on are identical). Unfortunately it appears as though LD_LIBRARY_PATH takes precedence over rpath (resetting LD_LIBRARY_PATH confirmed that it's able to find the library, but as stated above, LD_LIBRARY_PATH will be set for everyone, and I cannot change that). Is there any way I can make rpath take precedence over LD_LIBRARY_PATH, or are there any other possible solutions to my problem? Note that I'm talking about dynamic linking at runtime, I am able to control the command line at compile and link time. Thanks.

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• what is the point of heterogenous arrays?

  - by aharon

  I know that more-dynamic-than-Java languages, like Python and Ruby, often allow you to place objects of mixed types in arrays, like so: ["hello", 120, ["world"]] What I don't understand is why you would ever use a feature like this. If I want to store heterogenous data in Java, I'll usually create an object for it. For example, say a User has int ID and String name. While I see that in Python/Ruby/PHP you could do something like this: [["John Smith", 000], ["Smith John", 001], ...] this seems a bit less safe/OO than creating a class User with attributes ID and name and then having your array: [<User: name="John Smith", id=000>, <User: name="Smith John", id=001>, ...] where those <User ...> things represent User objects. Is there reason to use the former over the latter in languages that support it? Or is there some bigger reason to use heterogenous arrays? N.B. I am not talking about arrays that include different objects that all implement the same interface or inherit from the same parent, e.g.: class Square extends Shape class Triangle extends Shape [new Square(), new Triangle()] because that is, to the programmer at least, still a homogenous array as you'll be doing the same thing with each shape (e.g., calling the draw() method), only the methods commonly defined between the two.

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• How to parse text as JavaScript?

  - by Danjah

  This question of mine (currently unanswered), drove me toward finding a better solution to what I'm attempting. My requirements: chunks of code which can be arbitrarily added into a document, without an identifier: [div class="thing"] [elements... /] [/div] the objects are scanned for and found by an external script: var things = yd.getElementsBy(function(el){ return yd.hasClass('thing'); },null,document ); the objects must be individually configurable, what I have currently is identifier-based: [div class="thing" id="thing0"] [elements... /] [script type="text/javascript"] new Thing().init({ id:'thing0'; }); [/script] [/div] So I need to ditch the identifier (id="thing0") so there are no duplicates when more than one chunk of the same code is added to a page I still need to be able to config these objects individually, without an identifier SO! All of that said, I wondered about creating a dynamic global variable within the script block of each added chunk of code, within its script tag. As each 'thing' is found, I figure it would be legit to grab the innerHTML of the script tag and somehow convert that text into a useable JS object. Discuss. Ok, don't discuss if you like, but if you get the drift then feel free to correct my wayward thinking or provide a better solution - please! d

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• Dynamically adding controls from an Event after Page_Init

  - by GenericTypeTea

  Might seem like a daft title as you shouldn't add dynamic controls after Page_Init if you want to maintain ViewState, but I couldn't think of a better way of explaining the problem. I have a class similar to the following: public class WebCustomForm : WebControl, IScriptControl { internal CustomRender Content { get { object content = this.Page.Session[this.SESSION_CONTENT_TRACKER]; return content as CustomRender; } private set { this.Page.Session[this.SESSION_CONTENT_TRACKER] = value; } } } CustomRender is an abstract class that implements ITemplate that I use to self-contain a CustomForms module I'm in the middle of writing. On the Page_Init of the page that holds the WebCustomForm, I Initialise the control by passing the relevant Ids to it. Then on the overridden OnInit method of the WebCustomForm I call the Instantiate the CustomRender control that's currently active: if (this.Content != null) { this.Content.InstantiateIn(this); } The problem is that my CustomRender controls need the ability to change the CustomRender control of the WebCustomForm. But when the events that fire on the CustomRender fire, the Page_Init event has obviously already gone off. So, my question is, how can I change the content of the WebCustomForm from a dynamically added control within it? The way I see it, I have two options: I separate the CustomRender controls out into their own stand alone control and basically have an aspx page per control and handle the events myself on the page (although I was hoping to just make a control I drop on the page and forget about) I don't use events and just keep requesting the current page, but with different Request Parameters Or I go back to the drawing board with any better suggetions anyone can give me.

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• Which frameworks (and associated languages) support class replacement?

  - by Alix

  Hi, I'm writing my master thesis, which deals with AOP in .NET, among other things, and I mention the lack of support for replacing classes at load time as an important factor in the fact that there are currently no .NET AOP frameworks that perform true dynamic weaving -- not without imposing the requirement that woven classes must extend ContextBoundObject or MarshalByRefObject or expose all their semantics on an interface. You can however do this with the JVM thanks to ClassFileTransformer: You extend ClassFileTransformer. You subscribe to the class load event. On class load, you rewrite the class and replace it. All this is very well, but my project director has asked me, quite in the last minute, to give him a list of frameworks (and associated languages) that do / do not support class replacement. I really have no time to look for this now: I wouldn't feel comfortable just doing a superficial research and potentially putting erroneous information in my thesis. So I ask you, oh almighty programming community, can you help out? Of course, I'm not asking you to research this yourselves. Simply, if you know for sure that a particular framework supports / doesn't support this, leave it as an answer. If you're not sure please don't forget to point it out. Thanks so much!

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• Which languages support class replacement?

  - by Alix

  Hi, I'm writing my master thesis, which deals with AOP in .NET, among other things, and I mention the lack of support for replacing classes at load time as an important factor in the fact that there are currently no .NET AOP frameworks that perform true dynamic weaving -- not without imposing the requirement that woven classes must extend ContextBoundObject or MarshalByRefObject or expose all their semantics on an interface. You can however do this in Java thanks to ClassFileTransformer: You extend ClassFileTransformer. You subscribe to the class load event. On class load, you rewrite the class and replace it. All this is very well, but my project director has asked me, quite in the last minute, to give him a list of languages that do / do not support class replacement. I really have no time to look for this now: I wouldn't feel comfortable just doing a superficial research and potentially putting erroneous information in my thesis. So I ask you, oh almighty programming community, can you help out? Of course, I'm not asking you to research this yourselves. Simply, if you know for sure that a particular language supports / doesn't support this, leave it as an answer. If you're not sure please don't forget to point it out. Thanks so much!

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• computes the number of possible orderings of n objects under the relations < and =

  - by hilal

  Here is the problem : Give a algorithm that takes a positive integer n as input, and computes the number of possible orderings of n objects under the relations < and =. For example, if n = 3 the 13 possible orderings are as follows: a = b = c, a = b < c, a < b = c, a < b < c, a < c < b, a = c < b, b < a = c, b < a < c, b < c < a, b = c < a, c < a = b, c < a < b, c < b < a. Your algorithm should run in time polynomial in n. I'm null to this problem. Can you find any solution to this dynamic-programming problem?

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• Pass Arguments to Included Module in Ruby?

  - by viatropos

  I'm hoping to implement something like all of the great plugins out there for ruby, so that you can do this: acts_as_commentable has_attached_file :avatar But I have one constraint: That helper method can only include a module; it can't define any variables or methods. The reason for this is because, I want the options hash to define something like type, and that could be converted into one of say 20 different 'workhorse' modules, all of which I could sum up in a line like this: def dynamic_method(options = {}) include ("My::Helpers::#{options[:type].to_s.camelize}").constantize(options) end Then those 'workhorses' would handle the options, doing things like: has_many "#{options[:something]}" Here's what the structure looks like, and I'm wondering if you know the missing piece in the puzzle: # 1 - The workhorse, encapsuling all dynamic variables module My::Module def self.included(base) base.extend ClassMethods base.class_eval do include InstanceMethods end end module InstanceMethods self.instance_eval %Q? def #{options[:my_method]} "world!" end ? end module ClassMethods end end # 2 - all this does is define that helper method module HelperModule def self.included(base) base.extend(ClassMethods) end module ClassMethods def dynamic_method(options = {}) # don't know how to get options through! include My::Module(options) end end end # 3 - send it to active_record ActiveRecord::Base.send(:include, HelperModule) # 4 - what it looks like class TestClass < ActiveRecord::Base dynamic_method :my_method => "hello" end puts TestClass.new.hello #=> "world!" That %Q? I'm not totally sure how to use, but I'm basically just wanting to somehow be able to pass the options hash from that helper method into the workhorse module. Is that possible? That way, the workhorse module could define all sorts of functionality, but I could name the variables whatever I wanted at runtime.

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• Parallelize or vectorize all-against-all operation on a large number of matrices?

  - by reve_etrange

  I have approximately 5,000 matrices with the same number of rows and varying numbers of columns (20 x ~200). Each of these matrices must be compared against every other in a dynamic programming algorithm. In this question, I asked how to perform the comparison quickly and was given an excellent answer involving a 2D convolution. Serially, iteratively applying that method, like so list = who('data_matrix_prefix*') H = cell(numel(list),numel(list)); for i=1:numel(list) for j=1:numel(list) if i ~= j eval([ 'H{i,j} = compare(' char(list(i)) ',' char(list(j)) ');']); end end end is fast for small subsets of the data (e.g. for 9 matrices, 9*9 - 9 = 72 calls are made in ~1 s). However, operating on all the data requires almost 25 million calls. I have also tried using deal() to make a cell array composed entirely of the next element in data, so I could use cellfun() in a single loop: # who(), load() and struct2cell() calls place k data matrices in a 1D cell array called data. nextData = cell(k,1); for i=1:k [nextData{:}] = deal(data{i}); H{:,i} = cellfun(@compare,data,nextData,'UniformOutput',false); end Unfortunately, this is not really any faster, because all the time is in compare(). Both of these code examples seem ill-suited for parallelization. I'm having trouble figuring out how to make my variables sliced. compare() is totally vectorized; it uses matrix multiplication and conv2() exclusively (I am under the impression that all of these operations, including the cellfun(), should be multithreaded in MATLAB?). Does anyone see a (explicitly) parallelized solution or better vectorization of the problem?

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• Html.Editor() helper in ASP.NET MVC 3 does not work as expected with array in model

  - by SlimShaggy

  In my ASP.NET MVC 3 application I have classes like the following: public class Localization<T> { public int VersionID { get; set; } public T Value { get; set; } ... } public class Localizable<T> { public Localization<T>[] Name { get; set; } ... } Then, I have the following view: @model dynamic ... @for (int i = 0; i < VersionCount; i++) { ... @Html.Editor(string.Format("Name[{0}.Value", i)) ... } Now, when I display this view, passing a subclass of Localizable<string> as the model, the textboxes for the strings are rendered, but they are empty. If I replace @Html.Editor(string.Format("Name[{0}.Value", i)) with @InputExtensions.TextBox(Html, string.Format("Name[{0}].Value", i), Model.Name[i].Value), the textboxes are correctly filled with values from the model. However, using TextBox instead of Editor is not an option for me, because I want to use different editor templates for different types of T. So, what am I doing wrong, or is it a bug in MVC, and is there any workaround?

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• What is the best way get and hold property reference by name in c#

  - by Jeff Weber

  I want to know if there is a better way (than what I'm currently doing) to obtain and hold a reference to a property in another object using only the object and property string names. Particularly, is there a better way to do this with the new dynamic functionality of .Net 4.0? Here is what I have right now. I have a "PropertyReference<T>" object that takes an object name and property name in the constructor. An Initialize() method uses reflection to find the object and property and stores the property Getter as an Action<T> and the property Setter as an Func<T>. When I want to actually call the property I do something like this: int x = _propertyReference.Get(); or _propertyReference.Set(2); Here is my PropertyReference<T> code. Please dissect and make suggestions for improvement. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Reflection; using System.Xml; namespace WindowsFormsApplication2 { public class PropertyReference<T> : IPropertyReference { public string ComponentName { get; set; } public string PropertyName { get; set; } public bool IsInitialized { get { return (_action != null && _func != null); } } Action<T> _action; Func<T> _func; public PropertyReference() { } public PropertyReference(string componentName, string propertyName) { ComponentName = componentName; PropertyName = propertyName; } public void Initialize(IEntity e) { Object component = e.GetByName(ComponentName); if (component == null) return; Type t = e.GetByName(ComponentName).GetType(); PropertyInfo pi = t.GetProperty(PropertyName); _action = (T a) => pi.SetValue(component, a, null); _func = () => (T)pi.GetValue(component, null); } public void Reset() { _action = null; _func = null; } public void Set(T value) { _action.Invoke(value); } public T Get() { return _func(); } } } Note: I can't use the "Emit" functionality as I need this code to work on the new Windows Phone 7 and that does not support Emit.

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• c# reflection: How can I invoke a method with an out parameter ?

  - by ldp615

  I want expose WebClient.DownloadDataInternal method like below: [ComVisible(true)] public class MyWebClient : WebClient { private MethodInfo _DownloadDataInternal; public MyWebClient() { _DownloadDataInternal = typeof(WebClient).GetMethod("DownloadDataInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); } public byte[] DownloadDataInternal(Uri address, out WebRequest request) { _DownloadDataInternal.Invoke(this, new object[] { address, out request }); } } WebClient.DownloadDataInternal has a out parameter, I don't know how to invoke it. Help!

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