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• What are good resources for computer graphics basics?

  - by Hanno Fietz

  During Flex programming, I recently ran into several questions (about box models, ways to join lines and misaligning pixels [on doctype]) regarding computer graphics and layout, where I felt that I lacked some basic background on things like concepts like the box model approaches mapping real numbers to a pixel raster (like font anti-aliasing) conventions found across drawing engines, like do you count y coordinates from top or bottom, and why I feel that reading some basic Wikipedia articles, books or tutorials on these subjects might help in phrasing my questions more specifically and debugging my code more systematically. I have repeatedly found myself writing tiny test apps in Flex, just to find out how the APIs do very basic stuff. My assumption would be that if I knew the right vocabulary and some general concepts, I could solve these questions much faster.

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• Hit Testing with CALayer using the alpha properties of the CALayer contents.

  - by Charliehorse

  I'm writing a game for Mac using Cocoa. I'm currently implementing hit testing and have founds that CALayer offers hit testing, but does not seem to implement the alpha properties. As I have at times many CALayers stacked on top of each other, I really need to find a way to determine what the user actually meant to click on. I'm thinking if I could somehow get an array that contains pointers to all of the CALayers that contain the click point, I could filter through them some how. However the only way I've got so far to create the array is: NSMutableArray* anArrayOfLayers = [NSMutableArray array]; for (CALayer* aLayer in mapLayer.sublayers) { if ([aLayer containsPoint:mouseCoord]) [anArrayOfLayers addObject:aLayer]; } Then sort the array by the CALayer's z-values then go through checking if the pixel at location is alpha or not. However, between the sort and the alpha check this seems to be an incredible performance hog. (How would you even check the alpha?) Is there any way to do this?

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• "Zoom" text to be as big as possible within constraints/box

  - by stolsvik

  First problem: You have 400 pixels width to go on, and need to fit some text within that constraint as large as possible (thus, the text shall use that amount of space). Throw in a new constraint: If the text is just "A", then it shall not zoom this above 100 pixels (or some specific font size). Then, a final situation: Linebreaks. Fit some text in the largest possible way within e.g. 400 x 150 pixels. An obvious way is to simply start with point 1, and then increase until you can't fit it anymore. This would work for all three problems, but would be very crude. The fitting of a single line within bounds could be done by writing it with some fixed point size, check the resulting pixel bounds of the text, and then simply scale it with a transform (the text scales properly too then, check out TransformUI). Any ideas of other ways to attack this would be greatly appreciated!

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• Android: Is decreasing size of .png files have some effect to resulted Bitmap in memory

  - by nahab

  I'm writing game with a large amount of .png pictures. All worked fine. Than I added new activity with WebView and got memory shortage. After that I made some experiment - replace game .png images with ones that just fully filled with some color. As result memory shortage had gone. But I suppose that Bitmap internally hold each pixel separately so such changes should have no effect. Maybe this because of initial images have alpha channel and my test images have not it? But actually question is: Will decreasing .png images files sizes make some effect on decreasing usage of VM application heap or not?

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• Build turns partially transparent image pixels black

  - by Sean O'Hollaren

  I'm very new to C# and I've run into a problem and haven't been able to solve it. I have a row of buttons that have .png images assigned to them. The images are in .png format to allow transparency, and smoothing the edges in GIMP leaves some semi-transparent pixels. I've set the Image List Toolbar (imglToolbar)'s properties to recognize "Transparent" as the designated color to show up as transparent. I'm working in Visual Studio 2005. The strange thing is that everything looks great when I'm viewing the Visual C# form preview window. The icons look exactly as they should. However, once I actually build the project, the buttons treat every semi-transparent pixel near the edge of the image as if it's black. It seems like it can't handle one that's both transparent and has color. Image of it via the Visual C# form editor: Image of what it looks like when built: Any ideas as to why this is happening?

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• Console App Mouse-Click X Y Coordinate Detection/Comparison

  - by Bloodyaugust

  I have a game that I am working on in a C# console application, purely as practice before going on to better methods. As opposed to using something such as a Windows Forms App, which has button functionality built in, I am endeavoring to grab the cursor position (which I know how to do) and compare it to a number of area's inside a console application as defined by perhaps pixel location, but I also do not know if there is some sort of built in unit of space other than pixels (this last bit is the part I am unable to figure). P.S. I know this is in general terms, with no code already provided, but I do not feel that it is needed as all I am asking for is a brief explanation of how to grab X Y coordinates inside a console application, and stick them in int variables. Many Thanks in advance! :D

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• How to vertically align an inline image with inline text following it?

  - by amn

  Is there any way to vertically align an image element generated by a "content" property as part of a ":before" selector, next to adjacent inline text? In other words, I have <a href="..." class="facebook">Share on Facebook</a> As I don't want to pollute my markup with unnecessary IMG elements that only have to do with style, I resort to adding a small icon to the left of the link, via CSS (except that it does not align properly, hence the question): a.facebook:before { content: url(/style/facebook-logo.png); } I tried adding a "vertical-align: middle" (one of the most notoriously difficult aligning concepts to grasp in CSS, in my opinion, is that very property) but it has no effect. The logo aligns with text baseline, and I don't want to hardcode pixel offsets, because frankly text size differs from browser to browser, etc. Is there any solution for this? Thanks.

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• How to make Image Border Even?

  - by SNaRe

  I added 1 pixel border to the image. At the same time I am trying to give radius to the image edges. My problem is since the image is already rounded with photoshop, the border of edges look thinner than it should be You can check it from here. http://jsfiddle.net/fVNgA/ How can I make the border even? img{ -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid #000; } <img src='http://carantina.com/wp/wp-content/themes/new/images/home_pic1.jpg'>

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• What is wrong in this <div style="position: absolute HTML code?

  - by brilliant

  What am I doing wrong in this HTML code: <html> <head> </head> <body> <div style="position: absolute; left: 50px; top: 100px; width: 1px; height: 1px; color: red;"></div> </body> </html> I was given it here about an hour ago, but it doesn't work - I don't see a red pixel in my "MS FrontPage" editor

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• How to Add Icon to a Excel Menu/Toolbar Button

  - by nimo

  Hi, I need to add a image to a custom toolbar/menu item which is create through VBA. For a toolbar item, I tried following code Set NewBtn = TBar.Controls.Add(Type:=msoControlButton) With NewBtn .Picture = LoadPicture("mypic.bmp") .OnAction = "'MyFunction""" & para1 & """'" //VBA Function '.Caption = "MyFunction" .TooltipText = "MyFunction" .Style = msoButtonCaption End With In the above code LoadPicture() does not seem to be working. My toolbar is initializing at the workbook load up event. I noticed that the image is loading to the toolbar button, but in a fraction of second it disappears and only item text is displayed. My image is 16x16 pixel bmp one. Any help appreciate to get around this problem Thank you

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• why don't more programming languages have builtin interfaces to the window manager?

  - by Naveen

  Programming is at the heart about automating tasks on a computer. Presumably those tasks would normally be done manually by a human. Humans use the computer through the keyboard, mouse, and interaction with the console or the window manager. But very few languages have built in functions that provide an interface to these basic computing objects. A notable exception is autohotkey, an open source language on windows, providing builtin functions that allow the following simple tasks: * Get Pixel Information * Get mouse position * Keyboard macros * Simulate key strokes * Simulate mouse click * Window management See examples on rosettacode. There have been various attempts on linux, many of which were stopped without explanation. One is the inactive tcl library: android. Search google code for android, lang:tcl

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• How does Photoshop (Or drawing programs) blit?

  - by user146780

  I'm getting ready to make a drawing application in Windows. I'm just wondering, do drawing programs have a memory bitmap which they lock, then set each pixel, then blit? I don't understand how Photoshop can move entire layers without lag or flicker without using hardware acceleration. Also in a program like Expression Design, I could have 200 shapes and move them around all at once with no lag. I'm really wondering how this can be done without GPU help. I don't think super efficient algorithms could justify that? Thanks

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• How can this code be made more Pythonic?

  - by usethedeathstar

  This next part of code does exactly what I want it to do. dem_rows and dem_cols contain float values for a number of things i can identify in an image, but i need to get the nearest pixel for each of them, and than to make sure I only get the unique points, and no duplicates. The problem is that this code is ugly and as far as I get it, as unpythonic as it gets. If there would be a pure-numpy-solution (without for-loops) that would be even better. # next part is to make sure that we get the rounding done correctly, and than to get the integer part out of it # without the annoying floatingpoint-error, and without duplicates fielddic={} for i in range(len(dem_rows)): # here comes the ugly part: abusing the fact that i overwrite dictionary keys if I get duplicates fielddic[int(round(dem_rows[i]) + 0.1), int(round(dem_cols[i]) + 0.1)] = None # also very ugly: to make two arrays of integers out of the first and second part of the keys field_rows = numpy.zeros((len(fielddic.keys())), int) field_cols = numpy.zeros((len(fielddic.keys())), int) for i, (r, c) in enumerate(fielddic.keys()): field_rows[i] = r field_cols[i] = c

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• Horizontally Flip a One Bit Bitmap Line

  - by roygbiv

  I'm looking for an algorithm to flip a 1 Bit Bitmap line horizontally. Remember these lines are DWORD aligned! I'm currently unencoding an RLE stream to an 8 bit-per-pixel buffer, then re-encoding to a 1 bit line, however, I would like to try and keep it all in the 1 bit space in an effort to increase its speed. Profiling indicates this portion of the program to be relatively slow compared to the rest. Example line (Before Flip): FF FF FF FF 77 AE F0 00 Example line (After Flip): F7 5E EF FF FF FF F0 00

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• Simple graphics API with transparency, polygons, reading image pixels?

  - by M. Elkstein

  I need a simple graphics library that supports the following functionality: Ability to draw polygons (not just rectangles!) with RGBA colors (i.e., partially transparent), Ability to load bitmap images, Ability to read current color of pixel in a given coordinate. Ideally using JavaScript or Python. Seems like HTML 5 Canvas can handle #2 and #3 but not #1, whereas SVG can handle #1 and #2 but not #3. Am I missing something (about either of these two)? Or are there other alternatives?

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• DrawImage in XP Mode or Remote Desktop

  - by simplecoder

  I'm displaying a PNG with a transparent background that looks good in Windows 7, but then I run my app in XP Mode or remote desktop to a Windows XP machine and the PNG looks incorrect. I noticed that if I disable "Integration Mode" or run the app on XP without remote desktop, the image looks fine. How do I get DrawImage to render the PNG correctly in XP Mode or remote desktop? Image inside Windows 7 Image inside XP Mode or remote desktop Here's my code: protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e) { Image image = Image.FromFile("hello.png", false); Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(image); Rectangle destRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, image.Width, image.Height); e.Graphics.DrawImage(image, destRect, 0, 0, image.Width, image.Height, GraphicsUnit.Pixel); base.OnPaint(e); }

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• The 100% width HTML element problem

  - by Xeoncross

  When assigning some HTML elements (like a form input) 100% width - you can no longer apply any additional styles that might effect the width. Things like border or padding will cause the element to exceed 100%. This results in awkward elements that may be outside of their parent elements. Since CSS doesn't support width: 100% - 2px; The only way I know around this is to use an absolute pixel width (width: 98px) or chop the element off at 100% which is not really an option. <div style="overflow:hidden;"> <input style="width:100%; border: 1px solid #000;" /> </div> Are they're any other ways around this?

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• create an hotspot and set an image without background (like earth icon) to my panel

  - by sirvan

  Hi I try to create an hotspot by Extends of canvas and I try to add it on a panel witch painted by images , so I must to draw an icon (image) instead of clear rectangle of the screen, to do that I override the paint method to draw the icon I want to use, so far there is no problem, the hotspot work true and the icon painted in true size I want(32,24 pixel) I try to add this hotspot after painting image on the my panel in mypanel.paint(g) that override too. The problem , I use an car icon that have no background !!(I hope you can understand me) just car icon must be show on the panel that painted with my images; But an unwanted rectangle created around the icon and made bad view, How I can paint may icon on panel without that background? Please help me.

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• matlab: how to transform screen pixels into specific coordinates

  - by user3137385

  I have to draw a curve captured on a image using screen pixels (mouse clicks) into a coordinate system. E.g.: Pixels on the screen, from left to right (130 px to 970 px) correspond to the x-axis of my coordinate system (1000 to 6000). Pixels from bottom to top (670 to 99) correspond to the y-axis of coordinate system (0 to 1.2). How can this be done? Maybe there's a function in matlab doing something like that? Some more explanation: I have a jpg image of a curve on a coordinate system. I've got pixel positions (x,y) of several points on that curve. Now I want to plot same curve into a matlab figure with same x and y axis as on the jpg image.

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• GDI+ DrawImage function

  - by ET

  There is something I am missing. Say I have the following code: private Bitmap source = new Bitmap (some_stream); Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(100,100); Rectangle newRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height); Rectangle toZoom= new Rectangle(0, 0, 10, 10); Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmp); g.DrawImage(source, newRect, toZoom, GraphicsUnit.Pixel); My goal is to zoom-in the 10x10 pixels on the top left corner of the source picture. After I created the graphics object g and called DrawImage: the requested rectangle (toZoom) will be copied to bmp, or will it be displayed on the screen? I am a bit confused, can somebody please clarify?

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• Tiling rectangles seamlessly in WPF while maintaing subpixel accuracy?

  - by Jens

  I have had the problem described in the question Tiling rectangles seamlessly in WPF, but am not really happy with the answers given there. I am painting a bar chart by painting lots of rectangles right next to each other. Depending on the scale of the canvas containing them, there are small gaps visible between some of them as a result from sub-pixel rendering. I learned from the above question how to make my rectangles fit with the screen pixels, removing that effect. Unfortunately, my chart may display way more bars than there are pixels. Apart from the tiny gaps (which manifest as a periodic change in color saturation), this works well. If I snap each bar with the screen pixels, most of the bars vanish, though, so I am looking for another solution. Thanks in advance!

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• How to check if canvas objects overlap each other

  - by ?????? ???????

  I'm trying to check if two objects (e.g. a rectangle and a triangle) on a HTML5 canvas are overlapping each other. Currently I can only check that by looking at the screen (having set globalCompositeOperation='lighter'). My first idea would have been to scan all over the canvas if the "lighter" (compare code snippet above) color exists in the canvas. But therefor I would have to look at every single pixel which was rather costly for what I need. Is there a (better) alternative to automatically check if they are overlapping? Best regards.

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• HTML img scaling

  - by rwallace

  I'm trying to display some large images with HTML img tags. At the moment they go off the edge of the screen; how can I scale them to stay within the browser window? Or in the likely event that this is not possible, is it possible to at least say "display this image at 50% of its normal width and height"? The width and height attributes distort the image -- as far as I can tell, this is because they refer to whatever attributes the container may end up with, which will be unrelated to the image. I can't specify pixels because I have to deal with a large collection of images each with a different pixel size. Max-width doesn't work.

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• Couldn't assign 'top' from variable in jQuery Animate

  - by bhu1st

  Hi, I am stuck here, i am trying to animate number of 'x' divs (the code below is just for one div) by selecting their original 'top' position & adding some 'newTop' pixel values to them. var dur = 1500; var origTop = $("#div_x").position().top; var newTop = parseInt(origTop) + 30; $("#div_x").animate({ top : newTop + "px" }, dur); I checked alerting the 'newTop' variable and it's showing correct values but the animation is not working. I tried different variants to assign 'top' to the animate function but nothing is working. any suggestion would help me a lot. thanks in advance.

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• Interpolation on Cubism graphs

  - by Abe Stanway

  Cubism was designed, by mbostock's own words, for maximum information density - which means it generally wants to display one datapoint per pixel. While this is useful in many cases, it doesn't help when your data itself is not that dense. In these cases, you get ugly, staccato-style graphs like so: Is there a way to interpolate my data/graph within Cubism to show a nice, smoothed graph? EDIT: After adding keepLastValue to the metric, I get this: Here is the same data as shown in Graphite: I would like to smooth the Cubism view to look more like Graphite (with the added awesomeness of the horizon overplotting)

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