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• meaning of the returned list of python json

  - by fmsf

  Hey, I'm new to python so I really don't know the language very well. the following example was taken from here http://docs.python.org/library/json.html >>> import json >>> json.loads('["foo", {"bar":["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]') [u'foo', {u'bar': [u'baz', None, 1.0, 2]}] what does the u mean? and how do i know which elements are available in the dictionary?

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• Error using paho-mqtt in App Engine Python App

  - by calumb

  I am trying to right a Google Cloud Platform app in python with Flask that makes an MQTT connection. I have included the paho python library by doing pip install paho-mqtt -t libs/. However, when I try to run the app, even if I don't try to connect to MQTT. I get a weird error about IP address checking: RuntimeError: error('illegal IP address string passed to inet_pton',) It seems something in the remote_socket lib is causing a problem. Is this a security issue? Is there someway to disable it? Relevant code: from flask import Flask import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt import logging as logger app = Flask(__name__) # Note: We don't need to call run() since our application is embedded within # the App Engine WSGI application server. #callback to print out connection status def on_connect(mosq, obj, rc): logger.info('on_connect') if rc == 0: logger.info("Connected") mqttc.subscribe('test', 0) else: logger.info(rc) def on_message(mqttc, obj, msg): logger.info(msg.topic+" "+str(msg.qos)+" "+str(msg.payload)) mqttc = mqtt.Client("mqttpy") mqttc.on_message = on_message mqttc.on_connect = on_connect As well as full stack trace: ERROR 2014-06-03 15:14:57,285 wsgi.py:262] Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 239, in Handle handler = _config_handle.add_wsgi_middleware(self._LoadHandler()) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 298, in _LoadHandler handler, path, err = LoadObject(self._handler) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/runtime/wsgi.py", line 84, in LoadObject obj = __import__(path[0]) File "/Users/cbarnes/code/ignite/tank-demo/appengine-flask-demo/main.py", line 24, in <module> mqttc = mqtt.Client("mqtthtpp") File "/Users/cbarnes/code/ignite/tank-demo/appengine-flask-demo/lib/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 403, in __init__ self._sockpairR, self._sockpairW = _socketpair_compat() File "/Users/cbarnes/code/ignite/tank-demo/appengine-flask-demo/lib/paho/mqtt/client.py", line 255, in _socketpair_compat listensock.bind(("localhost", 0)) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/dist27/socket.py", line 222, in meth return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 668, in bind self._SetProtoFromAddr(request.mutable_proxy_external_ip(), address) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 632, in _SetProtoFromAddr proto.set_packed_address(self._GetPackedAddr(address)) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 627, in _GetPackedAddr AI_NUMERICSERV|AI_PASSIVE): File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 338, in getaddrinfo canonical=(flags & AI_CANONNAME)) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 211, in _Resolve canon, aliases, addresses = _ResolveName(name, families) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/remote_socket/_remote_socket.py", line 229, in _ResolveName apiproxy_stub_map.MakeSyncCall('remote_socket', 'Resolve', request, reply) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/apiproxy_stub_map.py", line 94, in MakeSyncCall return stubmap.MakeSyncCall(service, call, request, response) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/apiproxy_stub_map.py", line 328, in MakeSyncCall rpc.CheckSuccess() File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/api/apiproxy_rpc.py", line 156, in _WaitImpl self.request, self.response) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/ext/remote_api/remote_api_stub.py", line 200, in MakeSyncCall self._MakeRealSyncCall(service, call, request, response) File "/Users/cbarnes/google-cloud-sdk/platform/google_appengine/google/appengine/ext/remote_api/remote_api_stub.py", line 234, in _MakeRealSyncCall raise pickle.loads(response_pb.exception()) RuntimeError: error('illegal IP address string passed to inet_pton',) INFO 2014-06-03 15:14:57,291 module.py:639] default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 - Thanks!

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• Base 62 conversion in Python

  - by mikl

  How would you convert an integer to base 62 (like hexadecimal, but with these digits: '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'). I have been trying to find a good Python library for it, but they all seems to be occupied with converting strings. The Python base64 module only accepts strings and turns a single digit into four characters. I was looking for something akin to what URL shorteners use.

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• More nest Python nested dictionaries.

  - by clutch

  After reading http://stackoverflow.com/questions/635483/what-is-the-best-way-to-implement-nested-dictionaries-in-python why is it wrong to do: c = collections.defaultdict(collections.defaultdict(int)) in python? I would think this would work to produce {key:{key:1}} or am I thinking about it wrong?

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• How do I forward a request to a different url in python

  - by tax

  import SimpleHTTPServer import SocketServer class myHandler(SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler): def do_GET(self): print self.path if self.path == '/analog': return "http://someserver.com/analog" return SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.do_GET(self) theport = 1234 Handler = myHandler pywebserver = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", theport), Handler) print "Python based web server. Serving at port", theport pywebserver.serve_forever()

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• Embed FCKeditor in python app

  - by zhongshu

  I have a python application which need a gui HTML editor, I know FCKeditor is nice, so how to embed the FCKeditor in a python desktop app?

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• How to read postgresql dump file in Python

  - by xorsyst

  I'd like my Python script to read some data out of a postgresql dump file. The Python will be running on a system without postgresql, and needs to process the data in a dump file. It looks fairly straightforward to parse the CREATE TABLE calls to find the column names, then the INSERT INTO rows to build the contents. But I'm sure there would be quite a few gotchas in doing this reliably. Does anyone know of a module which will do this?

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• Equivalent of Backticks in Python

  - by Chris Bunch

  What is the equivalent of the backticks found in Ruby and Perl in Python? That is, in Ruby I can do this: foo = `cat /tmp/baz` What does the equivalent statement look like in Python? I've tried os.system("cat /tmp/baz") but that puts the result to standard out and returns to me the error code of that operation.

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• How to pick a chunksize for python multiprocessing with large datasets

  - by Sandro

  I am attempting to to use python to gain some performance on a task that can be highly parallelized using http://docs.python.org/library/multiprocessing. When looking at their library they say to use chunk size for very long iterables. Now, my iterable is not long, one of the dicts that it contains is huge: ~100000 entries, with tuples as keys and numpy arrays for values. How would I set the chunksize to handle this and how can I transfer this data quickly? Thank you.

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• python 'self' explained

  - by richzilla

  What is the purpose of the 'self' word in python. I understand it refers to the specific object created from that class, but i cant see why it explicitly needs to be added to very function as a parameter. To illustrate, in ruby, i could do this: class myClass def myFunc(name) @name = name end end Which i understand, quite easily, However in python i need to include self: class myClass: def myFunc(self, name): self.name = name Can anyone talk me through this? Any help would be appreciated.

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• install python modules on shared web hosting

  - by Ali

  I am using a shared hosting environment that will not give me access to the command line. Can I download the python module on my computer, compile it using python setup.py installand then simply upload a .py file to the web host? If yes, where does the install statement place the compiled file?

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• Trappings MySQL Warnings on Calls Wrapped in Classes -- Python

  - by chernevik

  I can't get Python's try/else blocks to catch MySQL warnings when the execution statements are wrapped in classes. I have a class that has as a MySQL connection object as an attribute, a MySQL cursor object as another, and a method that run queries through that cursor object. The cursor is itself wrapped in a class. These seem to run queries properly, but the MySQL warnings they generate are not caught as exceptions in a try/else block. Why don't the try/else blocks catch the warnings? How would I revise the classes or method calls to catch the warnings? Also, I've looked through the prominent sources and can't find a discussion that helps me understand this. I'd appreciate any reference that explains this. Please see code below. Apologies for verbosity, I'm newbie. #!/usr/bin/python import MySQLdb import sys import copy sys.path.append('../../config') import credentials as c # local module with dbase connection credentials #============================================================================= # CLASSES #------------------------------------------------------------------------ class dbMySQL_Connection: def __init__(self, db_server, db_user, db_passwd): self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(db_server, db_user, db_passwd) def getCursor(self, dict_flag=True): self.dbMySQL_Cursor = dbMySQL_Cursor(self.conn, dict_flag) return self.dbMySQL_Cursor def runQuery(self, qryStr, dict_flag=True): qry_res = runQueryNoCursor(qryStr=qryStr, \ conn=self, \ dict_flag=dict_flag) return qry_res #------------------------------------------------------------------------ class dbMySQL_Cursor: def __init__(self, conn, dict_flag=True): if dict_flag: dbMySQL_Cursor = conn.cursor(MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) else: dbMySQL_Cursor = conn.cursor() self.dbMySQL_Cursor = dbMySQL_Cursor def closeCursor(self): self.dbMySQL_Cursor.close() #============================================================================= # QUERY FUNCTIONS #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ def runQueryNoCursor(qryStr, conn, dict_flag=True): dbMySQL_Cursor = conn.getCursor(dict_flag) qry_res =runQueryFnc(qryStr, dbMySQL_Cursor.dbMySQL_Cursor) dbMySQL_Cursor.closeCursor() return qry_res #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ def runQueryFnc(qryStr, dbMySQL_Cursor): qry_res = {} qry_res['rows'] = dbMySQL_Cursor.execute(qryStr) qry_res['result'] = copy.deepcopy(dbMySQL_Cursor.fetchall()) qry_res['messages'] = copy.deepcopy(dbMySQL_Cursor.messages) qry_res['query_str'] = qryStr return qry_res #============================================================================= # USAGES qry = 'DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS database_of_armaments' dbConn = dbMySQL_Connection(**c.creds) def dbConnRunQuery(): # Does not trap an exception; warning displayed to standard error. try: dbConn.runQuery(qry) except: print "dbConn.runQuery() caught an exception." def dbConnCursorExecute(): # Does not trap an exception; warning displayed to standard error. dbConn.getCursor() # try/except block does catches error without this try: dbConn.dbMySQL_Cursor.dbMySQL_Cursor.execute(qry) except Exception, e: print "dbConn.dbMySQL_Cursor.execute() caught an exception." print repr(e) def funcRunQueryNoCursor(): # Does not trap an exception; no warning displayed try: res = runQueryNoCursor(qry, dbConn) print 'Try worked. %s' % res except Exception, e: print "funcRunQueryNoCursor() caught an exception." print repr(e) #============================================================================= if __name__ == '__main__': print '\n' print 'EXAMPLE -- dbConnRunQuery()' dbConnRunQuery() print '\n' print 'EXAMPLE -- dbConnCursorExecute()' dbConnCursorExecute() print '\n' print 'EXAMPLE -- funcRunQueryNoCursor()' funcRunQueryNoCursor() print '\n'

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• XML - python prints extra lines

  - by horse

  `from xml import xpath from xml.dom import minidom xmldata = minidom.parse('model.xml').documentElement for maks in xpath.Evaluate('/cacti/results/maks/text()', xmldata): print maks.nodeValue ` and I get result: 85603399.14 398673062.66 95785523.81 But I needed to be: 85603399.14 NO SPACE 398673062.66 NO SPACE 95785523.81 Can somebody help me, i new at programing :( ?

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• copy files to nework path or Drive using python

  - by user218976

  hi , Mine is similar to this question. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2042342/network-path-and-variables-in-python/2042376 The only difference is my network drive has a password protect with user name and password . I need to copy files to a samba share using python and verify it. if i manually login in then the code works but without logging in the shutil command does not work Thanks

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• python set difference

  - by user1311992

  I'm doing a set difference operation in Python: from sets import Set from mongokit import ObjectId x = [ObjectId("4f7aba8a43f1e51544000006"), ObjectId("4f7abaa043f1e51544000007"), ObjectId("4f7ac02543f1e51a44000001")] y = [ObjectId("4f7acde943f1e51fb6000003")] print list(Set(x).difference(Set(y))) I'm getting: [ObjectId('4f7abaa043f1e51544000007'), ObjectId('4f7ac02543f1e51a44000001'), ObjectId('4f7aba8a43f1e51544000006')] I need to get the first element for next operation which is important. How can I retain the list x in original format?

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• Python 3 with numpy and object refernces

  - by user963386

  I need to create a large matrix (array) structure (3 axis) and each element should store the reference to a Python object (myclass instance). Is it possible to use numpy to create such an array. Which data type should I use in order to store Python references? The advantage of numpy is the support of slicing at different levels. The alternativee is to create a nested (nested) list but it is a cumbersome solution.

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• Matrix in python

  - by Werner

  Hi, I am very new to Python, I need to read numbers from a file and store them in a matrix like I would do it in fortran or C; for i for j data[i][j][0]=read(0) data[i][j][1]=read(1) data[i][j][2]=read(2) ... ... How can I do the same in Python? I read a bit but got confused with tuples and similar things If you could point me to a similar example it would be great thanks

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• Eclipse Python Integration

  - by BCS

  I found this python plugin list but thought I'd ask if anyone has any experience with anything listed there? I'm totally new to both python and dynamic programming languages if that makes any difference.

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• File encyption with Python

  - by Pinkie

  Is there a way to encrypt files (.zip, .doc, .exe, ... any type of file) with Python? I've looked at a bunch of crypto libraries for Python including pycrypto and ezpycrypto but as far as I see they only offer string encryption.

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• Scipy-Cluster installation for python 2.6

  - by Hossein

  Hi, Has anyone used scipy-cluster for python? I am trying to compile its source code with python 2.6 but I get some irrelevant errors. has someone had the same problem?

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• Convert python variables into javascript variables

  - by zubinmehta

  I want to use Google Chart API using javascript. (I don't want to use the python wrapper) So how do I send data from my python code into the javascript to create graphs?

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• Python: Is there a way to reflectivly list all attributes of a class

  - by hhafez

  Given a class such as def MyClass text = "hello" number = 123 Is there a way in python to inspect MyClass an determine that it has the two attributes text and number. I can not use something like inspect.getSource(object) because the class I am to get it's attributes for are generate using SWIG (so they are hidden in .so :) ). So I am really looking for something equivalant to Java's [Class.getDeclardFields][1] Any help would be appreciated, otherwise I'll have to solve this problem with SWIG + JAVA instead of SWIG + Python.

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• programming language implemented in pure python

  - by iamgopal

  hi, i am creating ( researching possibility of ) a highly customizable python client and would like to allow users to actually edit the code in another language to customize the running of program. ( analogous to browser which itself coded in c/c++ and run another language html/js ). so my question is , is there any programming language implemented in pure python which i can see as a reference ( or use directly ? ) -- i need simple language ( simple statements and ifs can do )

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• Using Python to add/remove Ubuntu login script items

  - by codebox_rob

  I have written a Python application and would like to give my users the option of having the app automatically launch itself when the user logs in. It is important that the user is able to toggle this option on/off from within the app itself, rather than having to manually edit login scripts, so this needs to be done from within the Python code rather than from a shell script. The app is deployed on Ubuntu Linux, any suggestions for the best way of doing this?

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• How can I get the last-modified time with python3 urllib?

  - by Daenyth

  I'm porting over a program of mine from python2 to python3, and I'm hitting the following error: AttributeError: 'HTTPMessage' object has no attribute 'getdate' Here's the code: conn = urllib.request.urlopen(fileslist, timeout=30) last_modified = conn.info().getdate('last-modified') This section worked under python 2.7, and so far I haven't been able to find out the correct method to get this information in python 3.1. The full context is an update method. It pulls new files from a server down to its local database, but only if the file on the server is newer than the local file. If there's a smarter way to achieve this functionality than just comparing local and remote file timestamps, then I'm open to that as well.

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