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  • Misaligned Pointer Performance

    - by Elite Mx
    Aren't misaligned pointers (in the BEST possible case) supposed to slow down performance and in the worst case crash your program (assuming the compiler was nice enough to compile your invalid c program). Well, the following code doesn't seem to have any performance differences between the aligned and misaligned versions. Why is that? /* brutality.c */ #ifdef BRUTALITY xs = (unsigned long *) ((unsigned char *) xs + 1); #endif ... /* main.c */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define size_t_max ((size_t)-1) #define max_count(var) (size_t_max / (sizeof var)) int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { unsigned long sum, *xs, *itr, *xs_end; size_t element_count = max_count(*xs) >> 4; xs = malloc(element_count * (sizeof *xs)); if(!xs) exit(1); xs_end = xs + element_count - 1; sum = 0; for(itr = xs; itr < xs_end; itr++) *itr = 0; #include "brutality.c" itr = xs; while(itr < xs_end) sum += *itr++; printf("%lu\n", sum); /* we could free the malloc-ed memory here */ /* but we are almost done */ exit(0); } Compiled and tested on two separate machines using gcc -pedantic -Wall -O0 -std=c99 main.c for i in {0..9}; do time ./a.out; done

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  • Weird y offset when using custom frag shader (Cocos2d-x)

    - by Mister Guacamole
    I'm trying to mask a sprite so I wrote a simple fragment shader that renders only the pixels that are not hidden under another texture (the mask). The problem is that it seems my texture has its y-coordinate offset after passing through the shader. This is the init method of the sprite (GroundZone) I want to mask: bool GroundZone::initWithSize(Size size) { // [...] // Setup the mask of the sprite m_mask = RenderTexture::create(textureWidth, textureHeight); m_mask->retain(); m_mask->setKeepMatrix(true); Texture2D *maskTexture = m_mask->getSprite()->getTexture(); maskTexture->setAliasTexParameters(); // Disable linear interpolation on the mask // Load the custom frag shader with a default vert shader as the sprite’s program FileUtils *fileUtils = FileUtils::getInstance(); string vertexSource = ccPositionTextureA8Color_vert; string fragmentSource = fileUtils->getStringFromFile( fileUtils->fullPathForFilename("CustomShader_AlphaMask_frag.fsh")); GLProgram *shader = new GLProgram; shader->initWithByteArrays(vertexSource.c_str(), fragmentSource.c_str()); shader->bindAttribLocation(GLProgram::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION, GLProgram::VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION); shader->bindAttribLocation(GLProgram::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEX_COORD, GLProgram::VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS); shader->link(); CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG(); shader->updateUniforms(); CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG(); int maskTexUniformLoc = shader->getUniformLocationForName("u_alphaMaskTexture"); shader->setUniformLocationWith1i(maskTexUniformLoc, 1); this->setShaderProgram(shader); shader->release(); // [...] } These are the custom drawing methods for actually drawing the mask over the sprite: You need to know that m_mask is modified externally by another class, the onDraw() method only render it. void GroundZone::draw(Renderer *renderer, const kmMat4 &transform, bool transformUpdated) { m_renderCommand.init(_globalZOrder); m_renderCommand.func = CC_CALLBACK_0(GroundZone::onDraw, this, transform, transformUpdated); renderer->addCommand(&m_renderCommand); Sprite::draw(renderer, transform, transformUpdated); } void GroundZone::onDraw(const kmMat4 &transform, bool transformUpdated) { GLProgram *shader = this->getShaderProgram(); shader->use(); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_mask->getSprite()->getTexture()->getName()); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); } Below is the method (located in another class, GroundLayer) that modify the mask by drawing a line from point start to point end. Both points are in Cocos2d coordinates (Point (0,0) is down-left). void GroundLayer::drawTunnel(Point start, Point end) { // To dig a line, we need first to get the texture of the zone we will be digging into. Then we get the // relative position of the start and end point in the zone's node space. Finally we use the custom shader to // draw a mask over the existing texture. for (auto it = _children.begin(); it != _children.end(); it++) { GroundZone *zone = static_cast<GroundZone *>(*it); Point nodeStart = zone->convertToNodeSpace(start); Point nodeEnd = zone->convertToNodeSpace(end); // Now that we have our two points converted to node space, it's easy to draw a mask that contains a line // going from the start point to the end point and that is then applied over the current texture. Size groundZoneSize = zone->getContentSize(); RenderTexture *rt = zone->getMask(); rt->begin(); { // Draw a line going from start and going to end in the texture, the line will act as a mask over the // existing texture DrawNode *line = DrawNode::create(); line->retain(); line->drawSegment(nodeStart, nodeEnd, 20, Color4F::RED); line->visit(); } rt->end(); } } Finally, here's the custom shader I wrote. #ifdef GL_ES precision mediump float; #endif varying vec2 v_texCoord; uniform sampler2D u_texture; uniform sampler2D u_alphaMaskTexture; void main() { float maskAlpha = texture2D(u_alphaMaskTexture, v_texCoord).a; float texAlpha = texture2D(u_texture, v_texCoord).a; float blendAlpha = (1.0 - maskAlpha) * texAlpha; // Show only where mask is invisible vec3 texColor = texture2D(u_texture, v_texCoord).rgb; gl_FragColor = vec4(texColor, blendAlpha); return; } I got a problem with the y coordinates. Indeed, it seems that once it has passed through my custom shader, the sprite's texture is not at the right place: Without custom shader (the sprite is the brown thing): With custom shader: What's going on here? Thanks :) EDIT It looks like after passing through the shader when I set the position of the sprite I set it in points, with (0,0) being in the top-right. Indeed, when I do sprite->setPosition(320, 480), the sprite is perfectly placed at the top of the screen.

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  • Solaris 11.1 changes building of code past the point of __NORETURN

    - by alanc
    While Solaris 11.1 was under development, we started seeing some errors in the builds of the upstream X.Org git master sources, such as: "Display.c", line 65: Function has no return statement : x_io_error_handler "hostx.c", line 341: Function has no return statement : x_io_error_handler from functions that were defined to match a specific callback definition that declared them as returning an int if they did return, but these were calling exit() instead of returning so hadn't listed a return value. These had been generating warnings for years which we'd been ignoring, but X.Org has made enough progress in cleaning up code for compiler warnings and static analysis issues lately, that the community turned up the default error levels, including the gcc flag -Werror=return-type and the equivalent Solaris Studio cc flags -v -errwarn=E_FUNC_HAS_NO_RETURN_STMT, so now these became errors that stopped the build. Yet on Solaris, gcc built this code fine, while Studio errored out. Investigation showed this was due to the Solaris headers, which during Solaris 10 development added a number of annotations to the headers when gcc was being used for the amd64 kernel bringup before the Studio amd64 port was ready. Since Studio did not support the inline form of these annotations at the time, but instead used #pragma for them, the definitions were only present for gcc. To resolve this, I fixed both sides of the problem, so that it would work for building new X.Org sources on older Solaris releases or with older Studio compilers, as well as fixing the general problem before it broke more software building on Solaris. To the X.Org sources, I added the traditional Studio #pragma does_not_return to recognize that functions like exit() don't ever return, in patches such as this Xserver patch. Adding a dummy return statement was ruled out as that introduced unreachable code errors from compilers and analyzers that correctly realized you couldn't reach that code after a return statement. And on the Solaris 11.1 side, I updated the annotation definitions in <sys/ccompile.h> to enable for Studio 12.0 and later compilers the annotations already existing in a number of system headers for functions like exit() and abort(). If you look in that file you'll see the annotations we currently use, though the forms there haven't gone through review to become a Committed interface, so may change in the future. Actually getting this integrated into Solaris though took a bit more work than just editing one header file. Our ELF binary build comparison tool, wsdiff, actually showed a large number of differences in the resulting binaries due to the compiler using this information for branch prediction, code path analysis, and other possible optimizations, so after comparing enough of the disassembly output to be comfortable with the changes, we also made sure to get this in early enough in the release cycle so that it would get plenty of test exposure before the release. It also required updating quite a bit of code to avoid introducing new lint or compiler warnings or errors, and people building applications on top of Solaris 11.1 and later may need to make similar changes if they want to keep their build logs similarly clean. Previously, if you had a function that was declared with a non-void return type, lint and cc would warn if you didn't return a value, even if you called a function like exit() or panic() that ended execution. For instance: #include <stdlib.h> int callback(int status) { if (status == 0) return status; exit(status); } would previously require a never executed return 0; after the exit() to avoid lint warning "function falls off bottom without returning value". Now the compiler & lint will both issue "statement not reached" warnings for a return 0; after the final exit(), allowing (or in some cases, requiring) it to be removed. However, if there is no return statement anywhere in the function, lint will warn that you've declared a function returning a value that never does so, suggesting you can declare it as void. Unfortunately, if your function signature is required to match a certain form, such as in a callback, you not be able to do so, and will need to add a /* LINTED */ to the end of the function. If you need your code to build on both a newer and an older release, then you will either need to #ifdef these unreachable statements, or, to keep your sources common across releases, add to your sources the corresponding #pragma recognized by both current and older compiler versions, such as: #pragma does_not_return(exit) #pragma does_not_return(panic) Hopefully this little extra work is paid for by the compilers & code analyzers being able to better understand your code paths, giving you better optimizations and more accurate errors & warning messages.

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  • Espeak SAPI/dll usage on Windows ?

    - by Quandary
    Question: I am trying to use the espeak text-to-speech engine. So for I got it working wounderfully on linux (code below). Now I wanted to port this basic program to windows, too, but it's nearly impossible... Part of the problem is that the windows dll only allows for AUDIO_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS, which means it requires a callback, but I can't figure out how to play the audio from the callback... First it crashed, then I realized, I need a callback function, now I get the data in the callback function, but I don't know how to play it... as it is neither a wav file nor plays automatically as on Linux. The sourceforge site is rather useless, because it basically says use the SAPI version, but then there is no example on how to use the sapi espeak dll... Anyway, here's my code, can anybody help? #ifdef __cplusplus #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> else #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> endif include include //#include "speak_lib.h" include "espeak/speak_lib.h" // libespeak-dev: /usr/include/espeak/speak_lib.h // apt-get install libespeak-dev // apt-get install libportaudio-dev // g++ -o mine mine.cpp -lespeak // g++ -o mine mine.cpp -I/usr/include/espeak/ -lespeak // gcc -o mine mine.cpp -I/usr/include/espeak/ -lespeak char voicename[40]; int samplerate; int quiet = 0; static char genders[4] = {' ','M','F',' '}; //const char *data_path = "/usr/share/"; // /usr/share/espeak-data/ const char *data_path = NULL; // use default path for espeak-data int strrcmp(const char *s, const char *sub) { int slen = strlen(s); int sublen = strlen(sub); return memcmp(s + slen - sublen, sub, sublen); } char * strrcpy(char *dest, const char *source) { // Pre assertions assert(dest != NULL); assert(source != NULL); assert(dest != source); // tk: parentheses while((*dest++ = *source++)) ; return(--dest); } const char* GetLanguageVoiceName(const char* pszShortSign) { #define LANGUAGE_LENGTH 30 static char szReturnValue[LANGUAGE_LENGTH] ; memset(szReturnValue, 0, LANGUAGE_LENGTH); for (int i = 0; pszShortSign[i] != '\0'; ++i) szReturnValue[i] = (char) tolower(pszShortSign[i]); const espeak_VOICE **voices; espeak_VOICE voice_select; voices = espeak_ListVoices(NULL); const espeak_VOICE *v; for(int ix=0; (v = voices[ix]) != NULL; ix++) { if( !strrcmp( v->languages, szReturnValue) ) { strcpy(szReturnValue, v->name); return szReturnValue; } } // End for strcpy(szReturnValue, "default"); return szReturnValue; } // End function getvoicename void ListVoices() { const espeak_VOICE **voices; espeak_VOICE voice_select; voices = espeak_ListVoices(NULL); const espeak_VOICE *v; for(int ix=0; (v = voices[ix]) != NULL; ix++) { printf("Shortsign: %s\n", v->languages); printf("age: %d\n", v->age); printf("gender: %c\n", genders[v->gender]); printf("name: %s\n", v->name); printf("\n\n"); } // End for } // End function getvoicename int main() { printf("Hello World!\n"); const char* szVersionInfo = espeak_Info(NULL); printf("Espeak version: %s\n", szVersionInfo); samplerate = espeak_Initialize(AUDIO_OUTPUT_PLAYBACK,0,data_path,0); strcpy(voicename, "default"); // espeak --voices strcpy(voicename, "german"); strcpy(voicename, GetLanguageVoiceName("DE")); if(espeak_SetVoiceByName(voicename) != EE_OK) { printf("Espeak setvoice error...\n"); } static char word[200] = "Hello World" ; strcpy(word, "TV-fäns aufgepasst, es ist 20 Uhr 15. Zeit für Rambo 3"); strcpy(word, "Unnamed Player wurde zum Opfer von GSG9"); int speed = 220; int volume = 500; // volume in range 0-100 0=silence int pitch = 50; // base pitch, range 0-100. 50=normal // espeak.cpp 625 espeak_SetParameter(espeakRATE, speed, 0); espeak_SetParameter(espeakVOLUME,volume,0); espeak_SetParameter(espeakPITCH,pitch,0); // espeakRANGE: pitch range, range 0-100. 0-monotone, 50=normal // espeakPUNCTUATION: which punctuation characters to announce: // value in espeak_PUNCT_TYPE (none, all, some), espeak_VOICE *voice_spec = espeak_GetCurrentVoice(); voice_spec->gender=2; // 0=none 1=male, 2=female, //voice_spec->age = age; espeak_SetVoiceByProperties(voice_spec); espeak_Synth( (char*) word, strlen(word)+1, 0, POS_CHARACTER, 0, espeakCHARS_AUTO, NULL, NULL); espeak_Synchronize(); strcpy(voicename, GetLanguageVoiceName("EN")); espeak_SetVoiceByName(voicename); strcpy(word, "Geany was fragged by GSG9 Googlebot"); strcpy(word, "Googlebot"); espeak_Synth( (char*) word, strlen(word)+1, 0, POS_CHARACTER, 0, espeakCHARS_AUTO, NULL, NULL); espeak_Synchronize(); espeak_Terminate(); printf("Espeak terminated\n"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } /* if(espeak_SetVoiceByName(voicename) != EE_OK) { memset(&voice_select,0,sizeof(voice_select)); voice_select.languages = voicename; if(espeak_SetVoiceByProperties(&voice_select) != EE_OK) { fprintf(stderr,"%svoice '%s'\n",err_load,voicename); exit(2); } } */ The above code is for Linux. The below code is about as far as I got on Vista x64 (32 bit emu): #ifdef __cplusplus #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> else #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> endif include include include "speak_lib.h" //#include "espeak/speak_lib.h" // libespeak-dev: /usr/include/espeak/speak_lib.h // apt-get install libespeak-dev // apt-get install libportaudio-dev // g++ -o mine mine.cpp -lespeak // g++ -o mine mine.cpp -I/usr/include/espeak/ -lespeak // gcc -o mine mine.cpp -I/usr/include/espeak/ -lespeak char voicename[40]; int iSampleRate; int quiet = 0; static char genders[4] = {' ','M','F',' '}; //const char *data_path = "/usr/share/"; // /usr/share/espeak-data/ //const char *data_path = NULL; // use default path for espeak-data const char *data_path = "C:\Users\Username\Desktop\espeak-1.43-source\espeak-1.43-source\"; int strrcmp(const char *s, const char *sub) { int slen = strlen(s); int sublen = strlen(sub); return memcmp(s + slen - sublen, sub, sublen); } char * strrcpy(char *dest, const char *source) { // Pre assertions assert(dest != NULL); assert(source != NULL); assert(dest != source); // tk: parentheses while((*dest++ = *source++)) ; return(--dest); } const char* GetLanguageVoiceName(const char* pszShortSign) { #define LANGUAGE_LENGTH 30 static char szReturnValue[LANGUAGE_LENGTH] ; memset(szReturnValue, 0, LANGUAGE_LENGTH); for (int i = 0; pszShortSign[i] != '\0'; ++i) szReturnValue[i] = (char) tolower(pszShortSign[i]); const espeak_VOICE **voices; espeak_VOICE voice_select; voices = espeak_ListVoices(NULL); const espeak_VOICE *v; for(int ix=0; (v = voices[ix]) != NULL; ix++) { if( !strrcmp( v->languages, szReturnValue) ) { strcpy(szReturnValue, v->name); return szReturnValue; } } // End for strcpy(szReturnValue, "default"); return szReturnValue; } // End function getvoicename void ListVoices() { const espeak_VOICE **voices; espeak_VOICE voice_select; voices = espeak_ListVoices(NULL); const espeak_VOICE *v; for(int ix=0; (v = voices[ix]) != NULL; ix++) { printf("Shortsign: %s\n", v->languages); printf("age: %d\n", v->age); printf("gender: %c\n", genders[v->gender]); printf("name: %s\n", v->name); printf("\n\n"); } // End for } // End function getvoicename /* Callback from espeak. Directly speaks using AudioTrack. */ define LOGI(x) printf("%s\n", x) static int AndroidEspeakDirectSpeechCallback(short *wav, int numsamples, espeak_EVENT *events) { char buf[100]; sprintf(buf, "AndroidEspeakDirectSpeechCallback: %d samples", numsamples); LOGI(buf); if (wav == NULL) { LOGI("Null: speech has completed"); } if (numsamples > 0) { //audout->write(wav, sizeof(short) * numsamples); sprintf(buf, "AudioTrack wrote: %d bytes", sizeof(short) * numsamples); LOGI(buf); } return 0; // continue synthesis (1 is to abort) } static int AndroidEspeakSynthToFileCallback(short *wav, int numsamples,espeak_EVENT *events) { char buf[100]; sprintf(buf, "AndroidEspeakSynthToFileCallback: %d samples", numsamples); LOGI(buf); if (wav == NULL) { LOGI("Null: speech has completed"); } // The user data should contain the file pointer of the file to write to //void* user_data = events->user_data; FILE* user_data = fopen ( "myfile1.wav" , "ab" ); FILE* fp = static_cast<FILE *>(user_data); // Write all of the samples fwrite(wav, sizeof(short), numsamples, fp); return 0; // continue synthesis (1 is to abort) } int main() { printf("Hello World!\n"); const char* szVersionInfo = espeak_Info(NULL); printf("Espeak version: %s\n", szVersionInfo); iSampleRate = espeak_Initialize(AUDIO_OUTPUT_SYNCHRONOUS, 4096, data_path, 0); if (iSampleRate <= 0) { printf("Unable to initialize espeak"); return EXIT_FAILURE; } //samplerate = espeak_Initialize(AUDIO_OUTPUT_PLAYBACK,0,data_path,0); //ListVoices(); strcpy(voicename, "default"); // espeak --voices //strcpy(voicename, "german"); //strcpy(voicename, GetLanguageVoiceName("DE")); if(espeak_SetVoiceByName(voicename) != EE_OK) { printf("Espeak setvoice error...\n"); } static char word[200] = "Hello World" ; strcpy(word, "TV-fäns aufgepasst, es ist 20 Uhr 15. Zeit für Rambo 3"); strcpy(word, "Unnamed Player wurde zum Opfer von GSG9"); int speed = 220; int volume = 500; // volume in range 0-100 0=silence int pitch = 50; // base pitch, range 0-100. 50=normal // espeak.cpp 625 espeak_SetParameter(espeakRATE, speed, 0); espeak_SetParameter(espeakVOLUME,volume,0); espeak_SetParameter(espeakPITCH,pitch,0); // espeakRANGE: pitch range, range 0-100. 0-monotone, 50=normal // espeakPUNCTUATION: which punctuation characters to announce: // value in espeak_PUNCT_TYPE (none, all, some), //espeak_VOICE *voice_spec = espeak_GetCurrentVoice(); //voice_spec->gender=2; // 0=none 1=male, 2=female, //voice_spec->age = age; //espeak_SetVoiceByProperties(voice_spec); //espeak_SetSynthCallback(AndroidEspeakDirectSpeechCallback); espeak_SetSynthCallback(AndroidEspeakSynthToFileCallback); unsigned int unique_identifier; espeak_ERROR err = espeak_Synth( (char*) word, strlen(word)+1, 0, POS_CHARACTER, 0, espeakCHARS_AUTO, &unique_identifier, NULL); err = espeak_Synchronize(); /* strcpy(voicename, GetLanguageVoiceName("EN")); espeak_SetVoiceByName(voicename); strcpy(word, "Geany was fragged by GSG9 Googlebot"); strcpy(word, "Googlebot"); espeak_Synth( (char*) word, strlen(word)+1, 0, POS_CHARACTER, 0, espeakCHARS_AUTO, NULL, NULL); espeak_Synchronize(); */ // espeak_Cancel(); espeak_Terminate(); printf("Espeak terminated\n"); system("pause"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }

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  • Delphi interface cast using TValue

    - by conciliator
    I've recently experimented extensively with interfaces and D2010 RTTI. I don't know at runtime the actual type of the interface; although I will have access to it's qualified name using a string. Consider the following: program rtti_sb_1; {$APPTYPE CONSOLE} uses SysUtils, Rtti, TypInfo, mynamespace in 'mynamespace.pas'; var ctx: TRttiContext; InterfaceType: TRttiType; Method: TRttiMethod; ActualParentInstance: IParent; ChildInterfaceValue: TValue; ParentInterfaceValue: TValue; begin ctx := TRttiContext.Create; // Instantiation ActualParentInstance := TChild.Create as IParent; {$define WORKAROUND} {$ifdef WORKAROUND} InterfaceType := ctx.GetType(TypeInfo(IParent)); InterfaceType := ctx.GetType(TypeInfo(IChild)); {$endif} // Fetch interface type InterfaceType := ctx.FindType('mynamespace.IParent'); // This cast is OK and ChildMethod is executed (ActualParentInstance as IChild).ChildMethod(100); // Create a TValue holding the interface TValue.Make(@ActualParentInstance, InterfaceType.Handle, ParentInterfaceValue); InterfaceType := ctx.FindType('mynamespace.IChild'); // This cast doesn't work if ParentInterfaceValue.TryCast(InterfaceType.Handle, ChildInterfaceValue) then begin Method := InterfaceType.GetMethod('ChildMethod'); if (Method <> nil) then begin Method.Invoke(ChildInterfaceValue, [100]); end; end; ReadLn; end. The contents of mynamespace.pas is as follows: {$M+} IParent = interface ['{2375F59E-D432-4D7D-8D62-768F4225FFD1}'] procedure ParentMethod(const Id: integer); end; {$M-} IChild = interface(IParent) ['{6F89487E-5BB7-42FC-A760-38DA2329E0C5}'] procedure ChildMethod(const Id: integer); end; TParent = class(TInterfacedObject, IParent) public procedure ParentMethod(const Id: integer); end; TChild = class(TParent, IChild) public procedure ChildMethod(const Id: integer); end; For completeness, the implementation goes as procedure TParent.ParentMethod(const Id: integer); begin WriteLn('ParentMethod executed. Id is ' + IntToStr(Id)); end; procedure TChild.ChildMethod(const Id: integer); begin WriteLn('ChildMethod executed. Id is ' + IntToStr(Id)); end; The reason for {$define WORKAROUND} may be found in this post. Question: is there any way for me to make the desired type cast using RTTI? In other words: is there a way for me to invoke IChild.ChildMethod from knowing 1) the qualified name of IChild as a string, and 2) a reference to the TChild instance as a IParent interface? (After all, the hard-coded cast works fine. Is this even possible?) Thanks!

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  • Problems using wxWidgets (wxMSW) within multiple DLL instances

    Preface I'm developing VST-plugins which are DLL-based software modules and loaded by VST-supporting host applications. To open a VST-plugin the host applications loads the VST-DLL and calls an appropriate function of the plugin while providing a native window handle, which the plugin can use to draw it's GUI. I managed to port my original VSTGUI code to the wxWidgets-Framework and now all my plugins run under wxMSW and wxMac but I still have problems under wxMSW to find a correct way to open and close the plugins and I am not sure if this is a wxMSW-only issue. Problem If I use any VST-host application I can open and close multiple instances of one of my VST-plugins without any problems. As soon as I open another of my VST-plugins besides my first VST-plugin and then close all instances of my first VST-plugin the application crashes after a short amount of time within the wxEventHandlerr::ProcessEvent function telling me that the wxTheApp object isn't valid any longer during execution of wxTheApp-FilterEvent (see below). So it seems to be that the wxTheApp objects was deleted after closing all instances of the first plugin and is no longer available for the second plugin. bool wxEvtHandler::ProcessEvent(wxEvent& event) { // allow the application to hook into event processing if ( wxTheApp ) { int rc = wxTheApp->FilterEvent(event); if ( rc != -1 ) { wxASSERT_MSG( rc == 1 || rc == 0, _T("unexpected wxApp::FilterEvent return value") ); return rc != 0; } //else: proceed normally } .... } Preconditions 1.) All my VST-plugins a dynamically linked against the C-Runtime and wxWidgets libraries. With regard to the wxWidgets forum this seemed to be the best way to run multiple instances of the software side by side. 2.) The DllMain of each VST-Plugin is defined as follows: // WXW #include "wx/app.h" #include "wx/defs.h" #include "wx/gdicmn.h" #include "wx/image.h" #ifdef __WXMSW__ #include <windows.h> #include "wx/msw/winundef.h" BOOL APIENTRY DllMain ( HANDLE hModule, DWORD ul_reason_for_call, LPVOID lpReserved ) { switch (ul_reason_for_call) { case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH: { wxInitialize(); ::wxInitAllImageHandlers(); break; } case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH: break; case DLL_THREAD_DETACH: break; case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH: wxUninitialize(); break; } return TRUE; } #endif // __WXMSW__ class Application : public wxApp {}; IMPLEMENT_APP_NO_MAIN(Application) Question How can I prevent this behavior respectively how can I properly handle the wxTheApp object if I have multiple instances of different VST-plugins (DLL-modules), which are dynamically linked against the C-Runtime and wxWidgets libraries? Best reagards, Steffen

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  • Using VCL for the web (intraweb) as a trick for adding web interface to a legacy non-tiered (2 tiers

    - by user193655
    My team is maintaining a huge Client Server win32 Delphi application. It is a client/server application (Thick client) that uses DevArt (SDAC) components to connect to SQL Server. The business logic is often "trapped" in Component's event handlers, anyway with some degree of refactoring it is doable to move the business logic in common units (a big part of this work has already been done during refactoring... Maintaing legacy applications someone else wrote is very frustrating, but this is a very common job). Now there is the request of a web interface, I have several options of course, in this question i want to focus on the VCL for the web (intraweb) option. The idea is to use the common code (the same pas files) for both the client/server application and the web application. I heard of many people that moved legacy apps from delphi to intraweb, but here I am trying to keep the Thick client too. The idea is to use common code, may be with some compiler directives to write specific code: {$IFDEF CLIENTSERVER} {here goes the thick client specific code} {$ELSE} {here goes the Intraweb specific code} {$ENDIF} Then another problem is the "migration plan", let's say I have 300 features and on the first release I will have only 50 of them available in the web application. How to keep track of it? I was thinking of (ab)using Delphi interfaces to handle this. For example for the User Authentication I could move all the related code in a procedure and declare an interface like: type IUserAuthentication= interface['{0D57624C-CDDE-458B-A36C-436AE465B477}'] procedure UserAuthentication; end; In this way as I implement the IUserAuthentication interface in both the applications (Thick Client and Intraweb) I know that That feature has been "ported" to the web. Anyway I don't know if this approach makes sense. I made a prototype to simulate the whole process. It works for a "Hello world" application, but I wonder if it makes sense on a large application or this Interface idea is only counter-productive and can backfire. My question is: does this approach make sense? (the Interface idea is just an extra idea, it is not so important as the common code part described above) Is it a viable option? I understand it depends a lot of the kind of application, anyway to be generic my one is in the CRM/Accounting domain, and the number of concurrent users on a single installation is typically less than 20 with peaks of 50. EXTRA COMMENT (UPDATE): I ask this question because since I don't have a n-tier application I see Intraweb as the unique option for having a web application that has common code with the thick client. Developing webservices from the Delphi code makes no sense in my specific case, so the alternative I have is to write the web interface using ASP.NET (duplicating the business logic), but in this case I cannot take advantage of the common code in an easy way. Yes I could use dlls maybe, but my code is not suitable for that.

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  • bin_at in dlmalloc

    - by chunhui
    In glibc malloc.c or dlmalloc It said "repositioning tricks"As in blew, and use this trick in bin_at. bins is a array,the space is allocated when av(struct malloc_state) is allocated.doesn't it? the sizeof(bin[i]) is less then sizeof(struct malloc_chunk*)? Who can describe this trick for me? I can't understand the bin_at macro.why they get the bins address use this method?how it works? Very thanks,and sorry for my poor English. /* To simplify use in double-linked lists, each bin header acts as a malloc_chunk. This avoids special-casing for headers. But to conserve space and improve locality, we allocate only the fd/bk pointers of bins, and then use repositioning tricks to treat these as the fields of a malloc_chunk*. */ typedef struct malloc_chunk* mbinptr; /* addressing -- note that bin_at(0) does not exist */ #define bin_at(m, i) \ (mbinptr) (((char *) &((m)->bins[((i) - 1) * 2])) \ - offsetof (struct malloc_chunk, fd)) The malloc_chunk struct like this: struct malloc_chunk { INTERNAL_SIZE_T prev_size; /* Size of previous chunk (if free). */ INTERNAL_SIZE_T size; /* Size in bytes, including overhead. */ struct malloc_chunk* fd; /* double links -- used only if free. */ struct malloc_chunk* bk; /* Only used for large blocks: pointer to next larger size. */ struct malloc_chunk* fd_nextsize; /* double links -- used only if free. */ struct malloc_chunk* bk_nextsize; }; And the bin type like this: typedef struct malloc_chunk* mbinptr; struct malloc_state { /* Serialize access. */ mutex_t mutex; /* Flags (formerly in max_fast). */ int flags; #if THREAD_STATS /* Statistics for locking. Only used if THREAD_STATS is defined. */ long stat_lock_direct, stat_lock_loop, stat_lock_wait; #endif /* Fastbins */ mfastbinptr fastbinsY[NFASTBINS]; /* Base of the topmost chunk -- not otherwise kept in a bin */ mchunkptr top; /* The remainder from the most recent split of a small request */ mchunkptr last_remainder; /* Normal bins packed as described above */ mchunkptr bins[NBINS * 2 - 2]; /* Bitmap of bins */ unsigned int binmap[BINMAPSIZE]; /* Linked list */ struct malloc_state *next; #ifdef PER_THREAD /* Linked list for free arenas. */ struct malloc_state *next_free; #endif /* Memory allocated from the system in this arena. */ INTERNAL_SIZE_T system_mem; INTERNAL_SIZE_T max_system_mem; };

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  • Mocking a concrete class : templates and avoiding conditional compilation

    - by AshirusNW
    I'm trying to testing a concrete object with this sort of structure. class Database { public: Database(Server server) : server_(server) {} int Query(const char* expression) { server_.Connect(); return server_.ExecuteQuery(); } private: Server server_; }; i.e. it has no virtual functions, let alone a well-defined interface. I want to a fake database which calls mock services for testing. Even worse, I want the same code to be either built against the real version or the fake so that the same testing code can both: Test the real Database implementation - for integration tests Test the fake implementation, which calls mock services To solve this, I'm using a templated fake, like this: #ifndef INTEGRATION_TESTS class FakeDatabase { public: FakeDatabase() : realDb_(mockServer_) {} int Query(const char* expression) { MOCK_EXPECT_CALL(mockServer_, Query, 3); return realDb_.Query(); } private: // in non-INTEGRATION_TESTS builds, Server is a mock Server with // extra testing methods that allows mocking Server mockServer_; Database realDb_; }; #endif template <class T> class TestDatabaseContainer { public: int Query(const char* expression) { int result = database_.Query(expression); std::cout << "LOG: " << result << endl; return result; } private: T database_; }; Edit: Note the fake Database must call the real Database (but with a mock Server). Now to switch between them I'm planning the following test framework: class DatabaseTests { public: #ifdef INTEGRATION_TESTS typedef TestDatabaseContainer<Database> TestDatabase ; #else typedef TestDatabaseContainer<FakeDatabase> TestDatabase ; #endif TestDatabase& GetDb() { return _testDatabase; } private: TestDatabase _testDatabase; }; class QueryTestCase : public DatabaseTests { public: void TestStep1() { ASSERT(GetDb().Query(static_cast<const char *>("")) == 3); return; } }; I'm not a big fan of that compile-time switching between the real and the fake. So, my question is: Whether there's a better way of switching between Database and FakeDatabase? For instance, is it possible to do it at runtime in a clean fashion? I like to avoid #ifdefs. Also, if anyone has a better way of making a fake class that mimics a concrete class, I'd appreciate it. I don't want to have templated code all over the actual test code (QueryTestCase class). Feel free to critique the code style itself, too. You can see a compiled version of this code on codepad.

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  • How to use Crtl in a Delphi unit in a C++Builder project? (or link to C++Builder C runtime library)

    - by Craig Peterson
    I have a Delphi unit that is statically linking a C .obj file using the {$L xxx} directive. The C file is compiled with C++Builder's command line compiler. To satisfy the C file's runtime library dependencies (_assert, memmove, etc), I'm including the crtl unit Allen Bauer mentioned here. unit FooWrapper; interface implementation uses Crtl; // Part of the Delphi RTL {$L FooLib.obj} // Compiled with "bcc32 -q -c foolib.c" procedure Foo; cdecl; external; end. If I compile that unit in a Delphi project (.dproj) everthing works correctly. If I compile that unit in a C++Builder project (.cbproj) it fails with the error: [ILINK32 Error] Fatal: Unable to open file 'CRTL.OBJ' And indeed, there isn't a crtl.obj file in the RAD Studio install folder. There is a .dcu, but no .pas. Trying to add crtdbg to the uses clause (the C header where _assert is defined) gives an error that it can't find crtdbg.dcu. If I remove the uses clause, it instead fails with errors that __assert and _memmove aren't found. So, in a Delphi unit in a C++Builder project, how can I export functions from the C runtime library so they're available for linking? I'm already aware of Rudy Velthuis's article. I'd like to avoid manually writing Delphi wrappers if possible, since I don't need them in Delphi, and C++Builder must already include the necessary functions. Edit For anyone who wants to play along at home, the code is available in Abbrevia's Subversion repository at https://tpabbrevia.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/tpabbrevia/trunk. I've taken David Heffernan's advice and added a "AbCrtl.pas" unit that mimics crtl.dcu when compiled in C++Builder. That got the PPMd support working, but the Lzma and WavPack libraries both fail with link errors: [ILINK32 Error] Error: Unresolved external '_beginthreadex' referenced from ABLZMA.OBJ [ILINK32 Error] Error: Unresolved external 'sprintf' referenced from ABWAVPACK.OBJ [ILINK32 Error] Error: Unresolved external 'strncmp' referenced from ABWAVPACK.OBJ [ILINK32 Error] Error: Unresolved external '_ftol' referenced from ABWAVPACK.OBJ AFAICT, all of them are declared correctly, and the _beginthreadex one is actually declared in AbLzma.pas, so it's used by the pure Delphi compile as well. To see it yourself, just download the trunk (or just the "source" and "packages" directories), disable the {$IFDEF BCB} block at the bottom of AbDefine.inc, and try to compile the C++Builder "Abbrevia.cbproj" project.

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  • c++ class member functions selected by traits

    - by Jive Dadson
    I am reluctant to say I can't figure this out, but I can't figure this out. I've googled and searched stackoverflow, and come up empty. The abstract, and possibly overly vague form of the question is, how can I use the traits-pattern to instantiate non-virtual member functions? The question came up while modernizing a set of multivariate function optimizers that I wrote more than 10 years ago. The optimizers all operate by selecting a straight-line path through the parameter space away from the current best point (the "update"), then finding a better point on that line (the "line search"), then testing for the "done" condition, and if not done, iterating. There are different methods for doing the update, the line-search, and conceivably for the done test, and other things. Mix and match. Different update formulae require different state-variable data. For example, the LMQN update requires a vector, and the BFGS update requires a matrix. If evaluating gradients is cheap, the line-search should do so. If not, it should use function evaluations only. Some methods require more accurate line-searches than others. Those are just some examples. The original version instatiates several of the combinations by means of virtual functions. Some traits are selected by setting mode bits. Yuck. It would be trivial to define the traits with #define's and the member functions with #ifdef's and macros. But that's so twenty years ago. It bugs me that I cannot figure out a whiz-bang modern way. If there were only one trait that varied, I could use the curiously recurring template pattern. But I see no way to extend that to arbitrary combinations of traits. I tried doing it using boost::enable_if, etc.. The specialized state info was easy. I managed to get the functions done, but only by resorting to non-friend external functions that have the this-pointer as a parameter. I never even figured out how to make the functions friends, much less member functions. Perhaps tag-dispatch is the key. I haven't gotten very deeply into that. Surely it's possible, right? If so, what is best practice?

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  • MFC: Reading entire file to buffer...

    - by deostroll
    I've meddled with some code but I am unable to read the entire file properly...a lot of junk gets appended to the output. How do I fix this? // wmfParser.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "wmfParser.h" #include <cstring> #ifdef _DEBUG #define new DEBUG_NEW #endif // The one and only application object CWinApp theApp; using namespace std; int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[], TCHAR* envp[]) { int nRetCode = 0; // initialize MFC and print and error on failure if (!AfxWinInit(::GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, ::GetCommandLine(), 0)) { // TODO: change error code to suit your needs _tprintf(_T("Fatal Error: MFC initialization failed\n")); nRetCode = 1; } else { // TODO: code your application's behavior here. CFile file; CFileException exp; if( !file.Open( _T("c:\\sample.txt"), CFile::modeRead, &exp ) ){ exp.ReportError(); cout<<'\n'; cout<<"Aborting..."; system("pause"); return 0; } ULONGLONG dwLength = file.GetLength(); cout<<"Length of file to read = " << dwLength << '\n'; /* BYTE* buffer; buffer=(BYTE*)calloc(dwLength, sizeof(BYTE)); file.Read(buffer, 25); char* str = (char*)buffer; cout<<"length of string : " << strlen(str) << '\n'; cout<<"string from file: " << str << '\n'; */ char str[100]; file.Read(str, sizeof(str)); cout << "Data : " << str <<'\n'; file.Close(); cout<<"File was closed\n"; //AfxMessageBox(_T("This is a test message box")); system("pause"); } return nRetCode; }

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  • c++ class member functions instatiated by traits

    - by Jive Dadson
    I am reluctant to say I can't figure this out, but I can't figure this out. I've googled and searched stackoverflow, and come up empty. The abstract, and possibly overly vague form of the question is, how can I use the traits-pattern to instantiate non-virtual member functions? The question came up while modernizing a set of multivariate function optimizers that I wrote more than 10 years ago. The optimizers all operate by selecting a straight-line path through the parameter space away from the current best point (the "update"), then finding a better point on that line (the "line search"), then testing for the "done" condition, and if not done, iterating. There are different methods for doing the update, the line-search, and conceivably for the done test, and other things. Mix and match. Different update formulae require different state-variable data. For example, the LMQN update requires a vector, and the BFGS update requires a matrix. If evaluating gradients is cheap, the line-search should do so. If not, it should use function evaluations only. Some methods require more accurate line-searches than others. Those are just some examples. The original version instantiates several of the combinations by means of virtual functions. Some traits are selected by setting mode bits that are tested at runtime. Yuck. It would be trivial to define the traits with #define's and the member functions with #ifdef's and macros. But that's so twenty years ago. It bugs me that I cannot figure out a whiz-bang modern way. If there were only one trait that varied, I could use the curiously recurring template pattern. But I see no way to extend that to arbitrary combinations of traits. I tried doing it using boost::enable_if, etc.. The specialized state info was easy. I managed to get the functions done, but only by resorting to non-friend external functions that have the this-pointer as a parameter. I never even figured out how to make the functions friends, much less member functions. The compiler (vc++ 2008) always complained that things didn't match. I would yell, "SFINAE, you moron!" but the moron is probably me. Perhaps tag-dispatch is the key. I haven't gotten very deeply into that. Surely it's possible, right? If so, what is best practice?

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  • OpenGL Coordinate system confusion

    - by user146780
    Maybe I set up GLUT wrong. Basically I want verticies to be reletive to their size in pixels. Ex:right now if I create a hexagon, it hakes up the whole screen even though the units are 6. #include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> //Needed for "exit" function #include <cmath> //Include OpenGL header files, so that we can use OpenGL #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h> #include <GLUT/glut.h> #else #include <GL/glut.h> #endif using namespace std; //Called when a key is pressed void handleKeypress(unsigned char key, //The key that was pressed int x, int y) { //The current mouse coordinates switch (key) { case 27: //Escape key exit(0); //Exit the program } } //Initializes 3D rendering void initRendering() { //Makes 3D drawing work when something is in front of something else glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); } //Called when the window is resized void handleResize(int w, int h) { //Tell OpenGL how to convert from coordinates to pixel values glViewport(0, 0, w, h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //Switch to setting the camera perspective //Set the camera perspective glLoadIdentity(); //Reset the camera gluPerspective(45.0, //The camera angle (double)w / (double)h, //The width-to-height ratio 1.0, //The near z clipping coordinate 200.0); //The far z clipping coordinate } //Draws the 3D scene void drawScene() { //Clear information from last draw glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); //Reset the drawing perspective glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL); glBegin(GL_POLYGON); //Begin quadrilateral coordinates //Trapezoid glColor3f(255,0,0); for(int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { glVertex2d(sin(i/6.0*2* 3.1415), cos(i/6.0*2* 3.1415)); } glEnd(); //End quadrilateral coordinates glutSwapBuffers(); //Send the 3D scene to the screen } int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Initialize GLUT glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); //Set the window size //Create the window glutCreateWindow("Basic Shapes - videotutorialsrock.com"); initRendering(); //Initialize rendering //Set handler functions for drawing, keypresses, and window resizes glutDisplayFunc(drawScene); glutKeyboardFunc(handleKeypress); glutReshapeFunc(handleResize); glutMainLoop(); //Start the main loop. glutMainLoop doesn't return. return 0; //This line is never reached } How can I make it so that a polygon of 0,0 10,0 10,10 0,10 defines a polygon starting at the top left of the screen and is a width and height of 10 pixels? Thanks

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  • How can a C/C++ program put itself into background?

    - by Larry Gritz
    What's the best way for a running C or C++ program that's been launched from the command line to put itself into the background, equivalent to if the user had launched from the unix shell with '&' at the end of the command? (But the user didn't.) It's a GUI app and doesn't need any shell I/O, so there's no reason to tie up the shell after launch. But I want a shell command launch to be auto-backgrounded without the '&' (or on Windows). Ideally, I want a solution that would work on any of Linux, OS X, and Windows. (Or separate solutions that I can select with #ifdef.) It's ok to assume that this should be done right at the beginning of execution, as opposed to somewhere in the middle. One solution is to have the main program be a script that launches the real binary, carefully putting it into the background. But it seems unsatisfying to need these coupled shell/binary pairs. Another solution is to immediately launch another executed version (with 'system' or CreateProcess), with the same command line arguments, but putting the child in the background and then having the parent exit. But this seems clunky compared to the process putting itself into background. Edited after a few answers: Yes, a fork() (or system(), or CreateProcess on Windows) is one way to sort of do this, that I hinted at in my original question. But all of these solutions make a SECOND process that is backgrounded, and then terminate the original process. I was wondering if there was a way to put the EXISTING process into the background. One difference is that if the app was launched from a script that recorded its process id (perhaps for later killing or other purpose), the newly forked or created process will have a different id and so will not be controllable by any launching script, if you see what I'm getting at. Edit #2: fork() isn't a good solution for OS X, where the man page for 'fork' says that it's unsafe if certain frameworks or libraries are being used. I tried it, and my app complains loudly at runtime: "The process has forked and you cannot use this CoreFoundation functionality safely. You MUST exec()." I was intrigued by daemon(), but when I tried it on OS X, it gave the same error message, so I assume that it's just a fancy wrapper for fork() and has the same restrictions. Excuse the OS X centrism, it just happens to be the system in front of me at the moment. But I am indeed looking for a solution to all three platforms.

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  • How do make dependency generation work for C? (Also..decode this sed/make statement!)

    - by Derek
    Hi all. I have a make build system that I am trying to decipher that someone else wrote. I am getting an error when I run it on a redhat system, but not when I run it on my solaris system. The versions of gmake are the same major revision (one off on minor revision). This is for building a C project, and the make system has a global Makefile.global that is inherited by each directory's local Makefile The Makefile.global has all the targets in it, starting with all: $(LIB) $(BIN) where LIB builds libs and BIN builds binaries. jumping down the targets I have $(LIB) : $(GEN_LIB) $(GEN_LIB) : $(GEN_DEPS) $(GEN_OBJS) $(AR) $(ARFLAGS) $(GEN_LIB) $(GEN_OBJS) $(GEN_DEPS) : @set -e; rm -f $@; \ $(CC) $(CDEP_FLAG) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) `basename $@ | sed 's/\.d/\.c/' | sed 's,^,$(HOME_SRC)/,'` | sed 's,\(.*\)\.o: ,$(GEN_OBJDIR)/\1.o $@ :,g' > [email protected] ; \ cat [email protected] > $@ ; \ cat [email protected] | cut -d: -f2 | grep '\.h' | sed 's,\.h,.h :,g' >> $@ ; \ rm [email protected] $(GEN_OBJS) : $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCDIRS) -c $(*F).c -lmpi -o $@ I think these are all the relevant targets I need to include to answer my question. Definitions of those variables: CC = icc CDEP_FLAG = -M CFLAGS = various compiler flags ifdef type flags INCDIRS = include directory where all .h files are GEN_OBJDIR = /lib/objs HOME_SRC = . GEN_LIB = lib/$(LIB) GEN_DEPDIR=/lib/deps GEN_DEPS = $(addprefix $(GEN_DEPDIR)/,$(addsuffix .d,$(basename $(OBJS)))) I think this has everything covered you need. Basically self explanatory from the names. Now as best I can tell, this is generating in /lib/deps a .d file that has the object and source dependencies in it. In other words, for the utilities.a library, I will get a utils.o and utils.c dependency stack, all in the file utils.d There is some syntax error that is being generated in that file I think, because I get the following error: ../lib/deps/util.d:25: *** target pattern contains no '%'. Stop. gmake[2]: *** [all] Error 2 gmake[1]: *** [all] Error 2 gmake: *** [all] Error 2 I am not sure if my error is in the dependency generation, or some further down part, like the object generation target? If you need further info, let me know, I will add to post

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  • assignment not working in a dll exported C++ class

    - by Jim Jones
    Using VS 2008 Have a C++ class in which I'm calling functions from a 3rd party dll. The definition in the header file is as follows: namespace OITImageExport { class ImageExport { private: SCCERR seResult; /* Error code returned. */ VTHDOC hDoc; /* Input doc handle returned by DAOpenDocument(). */ VTHEXPORT hExport; /* Handle to the export returned by EXOpenExport(). */ VTDWORD dwFIFlags; /* Used in setting the SCCOPT_FIFLAGS option. */ VTCHAR szError[256]; /* Error string buffer. */ VTDWORD dwOutputId; /* Output Format. */ VTDWORD dwSpecType; public: ImageExport(const char* outputId, const char* specType); void ProcessDocument(const char* inputPath, const char* outputPath); ~ImageExport(); }; } In the constructor I initialize two of the class fields having values which come from enumerations in the 3rd party dll: ImageExport::ImageExport(const char* outputId, const char* specType) { if(outputId == "jpeg") { dwOutputId = FI_JPEGFIF; } if(specType == "ansi") { dwSpecType = IOTYPE_ANSIPATH; } seResult = DAInit(); if (seResult != SCCERR_OK) { DAGetErrorString(seResult, szError, sizeof(szError)); fprintf(stderr, "DAInit() failed: %s (0x%04X)\n", szError, seResult); exit(seResult); } } When I use this class inside of a console app, with a main method in another file (all in the same namespace), instantiating the class object and calling the methods, it works like a champ. So, now that I know the basic code works, I open a dll project using the class header and code file. Course I have to add the dll macro, namely: #ifdef IMAGEDLL_EXPORTS #define DLL __declspec(dllexport) #else #define DLL __declspec(dllimport) #endif and changed the class definition to "class DLL ImageExport". Compiled nicely to a dll and .lib file (No errors, No warnings). Now to test this dll I open another console project using the same main method as before and linking to the (dll) lib file. Had problems, which when tracked down were the result of the two fields not being set; both had values of 0. Went back to the first console app and printed out the values: dwOutputId was 1535 (#define FI_JPEGFIF 1535) and dwSpecType was 2 (#define IOTYPE_ANSIPATH 2). Now if I was assigning these values outside of the class, I can see how the visibility could be different, but why is the assignment in the dll not working? Is it something about having a class in the dll?

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  • C++ class member functions instantiated by traits

    - by Jive Dadson
    I am reluctant to say I can't figure this out, but I can't figure this out. I've googled and searched Stack Overflow, and come up empty. The abstract, and possibly overly vague form of the question is, how can I use the traits-pattern to instantiate non-virtual member functions? The question came up while modernizing a set of multivariate function optimizers that I wrote more than 10 years ago. The optimizers all operate by selecting a straight-line path through the parameter space away from the current best point (the "update"), then finding a better point on that line (the "line search"), then testing for the "done" condition, and if not done, iterating. There are different methods for doing the update, the line-search, and conceivably for the done test, and other things. Mix and match. Different update formulae require different state-variable data. For example, the LMQN update requires a vector, and the BFGS update requires a matrix. If evaluating gradients is cheap, the line-search should do so. If not, it should use function evaluations only. Some methods require more accurate line-searches than others. Those are just some examples. The original version instantiates several of the combinations by means of virtual functions. Some traits are selected by setting mode bits that are tested at runtime. Yuck. It would be trivial to define the traits with #define's and the member functions with #ifdef's and macros. But that's so twenty years ago. It bugs me that I cannot figure out a whiz-bang modern way. If there were only one trait that varied, I could use the curiously recurring template pattern. But I see no way to extend that to arbitrary combinations of traits. I tried doing it using boost::enable_if, etc.. The specialized state information was easy. I managed to get the functions done, but only by resorting to non-friend external functions that have the this-pointer as a parameter. I never even figured out how to make the functions friends, much less member functions. The compiler (VC++ 2008) always complained that things didn't match. I would yell, "SFINAE, you moron!" but the moron is probably me. Perhaps tag-dispatch is the key. I haven't gotten very deeply into that. Surely it's possible, right? If so, what is best practice?

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  • Suggest an alternative way to organize/build a database solution.

    - by Hamish Grubijan
    We are using Visual Studio 2010, but this was first conceived with VS2003. I will forward the best suggestions to my team. The current setup almost makes me vomit. It is a C# solution with most projects containing .sql files. Because we support Microsoft, Oracle, and Sybase, and so home-brewed a pre-processor, much like C preprocessor, except that substitutions are performed by a home-brewed C# program without using yacc and tools like that. #ifdefs are used for conditional macro definitions, and yeah - macros are the way this is done. A macro can expand to another macro or two, but this should eventually terminate. Only macros have #ifdef in them - the rest of the SQL-like code just uses these macros. Now, the various configurations: Debug, MNDebug, MNRelease, Release, SQL_APPLY_ALL, SQL_APPLY_MSFT, SQL_APPLY_ORACLE, SQL_APPLY_SYBASE, SQL_BUILD_OUTPUT_ALL, SQL_COMPILE, as well as 2 more. Also: Any CPU, Mixed Platforms, Win32. What drives me nuts is having to configure it correctly as well as choosing the right one out of 12 x 3 = 36 configurations as well as having to substitute database name depending on the type of database: config, main, or gateway. I am thinking that configuration should be reduced to just Debug, Release, and SQL_APPLY. Also, using 0, 1, and 2 seems so 80s ... Finally, I think my intention to build or not to build 3 types of databases for 3 types of vendors should be configured with just a tic tac toe board like: XOX OOX XXX In this case it would mean build MSFT+CONFIG, all SYBASE, and all GATEWAY. Still, the overall thing which uses a text file and a pre-processor and many configurations seems incredibly clunky. It is year 2010 now and someone out there is bound to have a very clean and/or creative tool/solution. The only pro would be that the existing collection of macros has been well tested. Have you ever had to write SQL that would work for several vendors? How did you do it? SqlVars.txt (Every one of 30 users makes a copy of a template and modifies this to suit their needs): // This is the default parameters file and should not be changed. // You can overwrite any of these parameters by copying the appropriate // section to override into SqlVars.txt and providing your own information. //Build types are 0-Config, 1-Main, 2-Gateway BUILD_TYPE=1 REMOVE_COMMENTS=1 // Login information used when applying to a Microsoft SQL server database SQL_APPLY_MSFT_version=SQL2005 SQL_APPLY_MSFT_database=msftdb SQL_APPLY_MSFT_server=ABC SQL_APPLY_MSFT_user=msftusr SQL_APPLY_MSFT_password=msftpwd // Login information used when applying to an Oracle database SQL_APPLY_ORACLE_version=ORACLE10g SQL_APPLY_ORACLE_server=oradb SQL_APPLY_ORACLE_user=orausr SQL_APPLY_ORACLE_password=orapwd // Login information used when applying to a Sybase database SQL_APPLY_SYBASE_version=SYBASE125 SQL_APPLY_SYBASE_database=sybdb SQL_APPLY_SYBASE_server=sybdb SQL_APPLY_SYBASE_user=sybusr SQL_APPLY_SYBASE_password=sybpwd ... (THIS GOES ON)

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  • Calling compiled C from R with .C()

    - by Sarah
    I'm trying to call a program (function getNBDensities in the C executable measurementDensities_out) from R. The function is passed several arrays and the variable double runsum. Right now, the getNBDensities function basically does nothing: it prints to screen the values of passed parameters. My problem is the syntax of calling the function: array(.C("getNBDensities", hr = as.double(hosp.rate), # a vector (s x 1) sp = as.double(samplingProbabilities), # another vector (s x 1) odh = as.double(odh), # another vector (s x 1) simCases = as.integer(x[c("xC1","xC2","xC3")]), # another vector (s x 1) obsCases = as.integer(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), # another vector (s x 1) runsum = as.double(runsum), # double DUP = TRUE, NAOK = TRUE, PACKAGE = "measurementDensities_out")$f, dim = length(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), dimnames = c("yC1","yC2","yC3")) The error I get, after proper execution of the function (i.e., the right output is printed to screen), is Error in dim(data) <- dim : attempt to set an attribute on NULL I'm unclear what the dimensions are that I should be passing the function: should it be s x 5 + 1 (five vectors of length s and one double)? I've tried all sorts of combinations (including sx5+1) and have found only seemingly conflicting descriptions/examples online of what's supposed to happen here. For those who are interested, the C code is below: #include <R.h> #include <Rmath.h> #include <math.h> #include <Rdefines.h> #include <R_ext/PrtUtil.h> #define NUM_STRAINS 3 #define DEBUG void getNBDensities( double *hr, double *sp, double *odh, int *simCases, int *obsCases, double *runsum ); void getNBDensities( double *hr, double *sp, double *odh, int *simCases, int *obsCases, double *runsum ) { #ifdef DEBUG for ( int s = 0; s < NUM_STRAINS; s++ ) { Rprintf("\nFor strain %d",s); Rprintf("\n\tHospitalization rate = %lg", hr[s]); Rprintf("\n\tSimulation probability = %lg",sp[s]); Rprintf("\n\tSimulated cases = %d",simCases[s]); Rprintf("\n\tObserved cases = %d",obsCases[s]); Rprintf("\n\tOverdispersion parameter = %lg",odh[s]); } Rprintf("\nRunning sum = %lg",runsum[0]); #endif } naive solution While better (i.e., potentially faster or syntactically clearer) solutions may exist (see Dirk's answer below), the following simplification of the code works: out<-.C("getNBDensities", hr = as.double(hosp.rate), sp = as.double(samplingProbabilities), odh = as.double(odh), simCases = as.integer(x[c("xC1","xC2","xC3")]), obsCases = as.integer(y[c("yC1","yC2","yC3")]), runsum = as.double(runsum)) The variables can be accessed in >out.

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  • Using windows command line from Pascal

    - by Jordan
    I'm trying to use some windows command line tools from within a short Pascal program. To make it easier, I'm writing a function called DoShell which takes a command line string as an argument and returns a record type called ShellResult, with one field for the process's exitcode and one field for the process's output text. I'm having major problems with some standard library functions not working as expected. The DOS Exec() function is not actually carrying out the command i pass to it. The Reset() procedure gives me a runtime error RunError(2) unless i set the compiler mode {I-}. In that case i get no runtime error, but the Readln() functions that i use on that file afterwards don't actually read anything, and furthermore the Writeln() functions used after that point in the code execution do nothing as well. Here's the source code of my program so far. I'm using Lazarus 0.9.28.2 beta, with Free Pascal Compiler 2.24 program project1; {$mode objfpc}{$H+} uses Classes, SysUtils, StrUtils, Dos { you can add units after this }; {$IFDEF WINDOWS}{$R project1.rc}{$ENDIF} type ShellResult = record output : AnsiString; exitcode : Integer; end; function DoShell(command: AnsiString): ShellResult; var exitcode: Integer; output: AnsiString; exepath: AnsiString; exeargs: AnsiString; splitat: Integer; F: Text; readbuffer: AnsiString; begin //Initialize variables exitcode := 0; output := ''; exepath := ''; exeargs := ''; splitat := 0; readbuffer := ''; Result.exitcode := 0; Result.output := ''; //Split command for processing splitat := NPos(' ', command, 1); exepath := Copy(command, 1, Pred(splitat)); exeargs := Copy(command, Succ(splitat), Length(command)); //Run command and put output in temporary file Exec(FExpand(exepath), exeargs + ' __output'); exitcode := DosExitCode(); //Get output from file Assign(F, '__output'); Reset(F); Repeat Readln(F, readbuffer); output := output + readbuffer; readbuffer := ''; Until Eof(F); //Set Result Result.exitcode := exitcode; Result.output := output; end; var I : AnsiString; R : ShellResult; begin Writeln('Enter a command line to run.'); Readln(I); R := DoShell(I); Writeln('Command Exit Code:'); Writeln(R.exitcode); Writeln('Command Output:'); Writeln(R.output); end.

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  • OpenGL antialiasing not working

    - by user146780
    I'v been trying to anti alias with OGL. I found a code chunk that is supposed to do this but I see no antialiasing. I also reset my settings in Nvidia Control Panel but no luck. Does this code in fact antialias the cube? GLboolean polySmooth = GL_TRUE; static void init(void) { glCullFace (GL_BACK); glEnable (GL_CULL_FACE); glBlendFunc (GL_SRC_ALPHA_SATURATE, GL_ONE); glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); } #define NFACE 6 #define NVERT 8 void drawCube(GLdouble x0, GLdouble x1, GLdouble y0, GLdouble y1, GLdouble z0, GLdouble z1) { static GLfloat v[8][3]; static GLfloat c[8][4] = { {0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}, {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0} }; /* indices of front, top, left, bottom, right, back faces */ static GLubyte indices[NFACE][4] = { {4, 5, 6, 7}, {2, 3, 7, 6}, {0, 4, 7, 3}, {0, 1, 5, 4}, {1, 5, 6, 2}, {0, 3, 2, 1} }; v[0][0] = v[3][0] = v[4][0] = v[7][0] = x0; v[1][0] = v[2][0] = v[5][0] = v[6][0] = x1; v[0][1] = v[1][1] = v[4][1] = v[5][1] = y0; v[2][1] = v[3][1] = v[6][1] = v[7][1] = y1; v[0][2] = v[1][2] = v[2][2] = v[3][2] = z0; v[4][2] = v[5][2] = v[6][2] = v[7][2] = z1; #ifdef GL_VERSION_1_1 glEnableClientState (GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState (GL_COLOR_ARRAY); glVertexPointer (3, GL_FLOAT, 0, v); glColorPointer (4, GL_FLOAT, 0, c); glDrawElements(GL_QUADS, NFACE*4, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); glDisableClientState (GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glDisableClientState (GL_COLOR_ARRAY); #else printf ("If this is GL Version 1.0, "); printf ("vertex arrays are not supported.\n"); exit(1); #endif } /* Note: polygons must be drawn from front to back * for proper blending. */ void display(void) { if (polySmooth) { glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glEnable (GL_BLEND); glEnable (GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH); glDisable (GL_DEPTH_TEST); } else { glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glDisable (GL_BLEND); glDisable (GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH); glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST); } glPushMatrix (); glTranslatef (0.0, 0.0, -8.0); glRotatef (30.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0); glRotatef (60.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); drawCube(-0.5, 0.5, -0.5, 0.5, -0.5, 0.5); glPopMatrix (); glFlush (); } void reshape(int w, int h) { glViewport(0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(30.0, (GLfloat) w/(GLfloat) h, 1.0, 20.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); } void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y) { switch (key) { case `t': case `T': polySmooth = !polySmooth; glutPostRedisplay(); break; case 27: exit(0); /* Escape key */ break; default: break; } } int main(int argc, char** argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode (GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_ALPHA | GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize(200, 200); glutCreateWindow(argv[0]); init (); glutReshapeFunc (reshape); glutKeyboardFunc (keyboard); glutDisplayFunc (display); glutMainLoop(); return 0; } Thanks

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  • BitBlt ignores CAPTUREBLT and seems to always capture a cached copy of the target...

    - by Jake Petroules
    I am trying to capture screenshots using the BitBlt function. However, every single time I capture a screenshot, the non-client area NEVER changes no matter what I do. It's as if it's getting some cached copy of it. The client area is captured correctly. If I close and then re-open the window, and take a screenshot, the non-client area will be captured as it is. Any subsequent captures after moving/resizing the window have no effect on the captured screenshot. Again, the client area will be correct. Furthermore, the CAPTUREBLT flag seems to do absolutely nothing at all. I notice no change with or without it. Here is my capture code: QPixmap WindowManagerUtils::grabWindow(WId windowId, GrabWindowFlags flags, int x, int y, int w, int h) { RECT r; switch (flags) { case WindowManagerUtils::GrabWindowRect: GetWindowRect(windowId, &r); break; case WindowManagerUtils::GrabClientRect: GetClientRect(windowId, &r); break; case WindowManagerUtils::GrabScreenWindow: GetWindowRect(windowId, &r); return QPixmap::grabWindow(QApplication::desktop()->winId(), r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top); case WindowManagerUtils::GrabScreenClient: GetClientRect(windowId, &r); return QPixmap::grabWindow(QApplication::desktop()->winId(), r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top); default: return QPixmap(); } if (w < 0) { w = r.right - r.left; } if (h < 0) { h = r.bottom - r.top; } #ifdef Q_WS_WINCE_WM if (qt_wince_is_pocket_pc()) { QWidget *widget = QWidget::find(winId); if (qobject_cast<QDesktopWidget*>(widget)) { RECT rect = {0,0,0,0}; AdjustWindowRectEx(&rect, WS_BORDER | WS_CAPTION, FALSE, 0); int magicNumber = qt_wince_is_high_dpi() ? 4 : 2; y += rect.top - magicNumber; } } #endif // Before we start creating objects, let's make CERTAIN of the following so we don't have a mess Q_ASSERT(flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabWindowRect || flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabClientRect); // Create and setup bitmap HDC display_dc = NULL; if (flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabWindowRect) { display_dc = GetWindowDC(NULL); } else if (flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabClientRect) { display_dc = GetDC(NULL); } HDC bitmap_dc = CreateCompatibleDC(display_dc); HBITMAP bitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(display_dc, w, h); HGDIOBJ null_bitmap = SelectObject(bitmap_dc, bitmap); // copy data HDC window_dc = NULL; if (flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabWindowRect) { window_dc = GetWindowDC(windowId); } else if (flags == WindowManagerUtils::GrabClientRect) { window_dc = GetDC(windowId); } DWORD ropFlags = SRCCOPY; #ifndef Q_WS_WINCE ropFlags = ropFlags | CAPTUREBLT; #endif BitBlt(bitmap_dc, 0, 0, w, h, window_dc, x, y, ropFlags); // clean up all but bitmap ReleaseDC(windowId, window_dc); SelectObject(bitmap_dc, null_bitmap); DeleteDC(bitmap_dc); QPixmap pixmap = QPixmap::fromWinHBITMAP(bitmap); DeleteObject(bitmap); ReleaseDC(NULL, display_dc); return pixmap; } Most of this code comes from Qt's QWidget::grabWindow function, as I wanted to make some changes so it'd be more flexible. Qt's documentation states that: The grabWindow() function grabs pixels from the screen, not from the window, i.e. if there is another window partially or entirely over the one you grab, you get pixels from the overlying window, too. However, I experience the exact opposite... regardless of the CAPTUREBLT flag. I've tried everything I can think of... nothing works. Any ideas?

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  • (static initialization order?!) problems with factory pattern

    - by smerlin
    Why does following code raise an exception (in createObjects call to map::at) alternativly the code (and its output) can be viewed here intererestingly the code works as expected if the commented lines are uncommented with both microsoft and gcc compiler (see here), this even works with initMap as ordinary static variable instead of static getter. The only reason for this i can think of is that the order of initialization of the static registerHelper_ object (factory_helper_)and the std::map object (initMap) are wrong, however i cant see how that could happen, because the map object is constructed on first usage and thats in factory_helper_ constructor, so everything should be alright shouldnt it ? I am even more suprised that those doNothing() lines fix the issue, because that call to doNothing() would happen after the critical section (which currently fails) is passed anyway. EDIT: debugging showed, that without the call to factory_helper_.doNothing(), the constructor of factory_helper_ is never called. #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <map> #define FACTORY_CLASS(classtype) \ extern const char classtype##_name_[] = #classtype; \ class classtype : FactoryBase<classtype,classtype##_name_> namespace detail_ { class registerHelperBase { public: registerHelperBase(){} protected: static std::map<std::string, void * (*)(void)>& getInitMap() { static std::map<std::string, void * (*)(void)>* initMap = 0; if(!initMap) initMap= new std::map<std::string, void * (*)(void)>(); return *initMap; } }; template<class TParent, const char* ClassName> class registerHelper_ : registerHelperBase { static registerHelper_ help_; public: //void doNothing(){} registerHelper_(){ getInitMap()[std::string(ClassName)]=&TParent::factory_init_; } }; template<class TParent, const char* ClassName> registerHelper_<TParent,ClassName> registerHelper_<TParent,ClassName>::help_; } class Factory : detail_::registerHelperBase { private: Factory(); public: static void* createObject(const std::string& objclassname) { return getInitMap().at(objclassname)(); } }; template <class TClass, const char* ClassName> class FactoryBase { private: static detail_::registerHelper_<FactoryBase<TClass,ClassName>,ClassName> factory_helper_; static void* factory_init_(){ return new TClass();} public: friend class detail_::registerHelper_<FactoryBase<TClass,ClassName>,ClassName>; FactoryBase(){ //factory_helper_.doNothing(); } virtual ~FactoryBase(){}; }; template <class TClass, const char* ClassName> detail_::registerHelper_<FactoryBase<TClass,ClassName>,ClassName> FactoryBase<TClass,ClassName>::factory_helper_; FACTORY_CLASS(Test) { public: Test(){} }; int main(int argc, char** argv) { try { Test* test = (Test*) Factory::createObject("Test"); } catch(const std::exception& ex) { std::cerr << "caught std::exception: "<< ex.what() << std::endl; } #ifdef _MSC_VER system("pause"); #endif return 0; }

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  • CoreData: managedObjectContext not being created

    - by PruitIgoe
    I had to add core data to an existing project but I am having issues with the managedObjectContext... in prefix.pch I have this: #import <Availability.h> #ifndef __IPHONE_5_0 #warning "This project uses features only available in iOS SDK 5.0 and later." #endif #ifdef __OBJC__ #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <CoreData/CoreData.h> #endif ... in my appDelegate.h I have this: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #import "AppViewController.h" #import "DDLog.h" #import "DDASLLogger.h" #import "DDFileLogger.h" #import "DDTTYLogger.h" #import "KIP_LogManager.h" @interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate> { DDFileLogger* fileLogger; /*coredata*/ NSManagedObjectModel* managedObjectModel; NSManagedObjectContext* managedObjectContext; NSPersistentStoreCoordinator* persistentStoreCoordinator; } @property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window; @property (strong, nonatomic) AppViewController* viewController; @property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext* managedObjectContext; @property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel* managedObjectModel; @property (readonly, strong, nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator* persistentStoreCoordinator; - (void)setupLogging; - (NSString *)applicationDocumentsDirectory; in appDelegate.m this: @synthesize managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext; @synthesize managedObjectModel = _managedObjectModel; @synthesize persistentStoreCoordinator = _persistentStoreCoordinator; ... - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { //establish lumberjack logging [self setupLogging]; DDLogVerbose(@"\n\n*********************\nNEW LOG SESSION\n**********************\n\n"); //set root view controller self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]; self.viewController = [[AppViewController alloc] init]; self.window.rootViewController = self.viewController; self.viewController.managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext; return YES; } ... #pragma mark - CoreData Stack - (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext { if (_managedObjectContext != nil) { return _managedObjectContext; } NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator]; if (coordinator != nil) { _managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; [_managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator]; } return _managedObjectContext; } // Returns the managed object model for the application. // If the model doesn't already exist, it is created from the application's model. - (NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel { if (_managedObjectModel != nil) { return _managedObjectModel; } NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"SPI_PAC" withExtension:@"momd"]; _managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL]; return _managedObjectModel; } - (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator { if (persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) { return persistentStoreCoordinator; } NSMutableString* strDocsDirector = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithString:[self applicationDocumentsDirectory]]; [strDocsDirector appendString:@"/SPI_PAC.sqlite"]; NSURL* storeURL = [NSURL URLWithString:strDocsDirector]; NSError *error = nil; persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]]; if(![persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeURL options:nil error:&error]) { /*Error for store creation should be handled in here*/ } return persistentStoreCoordinator; } - (NSString *)applicationDocumentsDirectory { return [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject]; } in the view controller, viewDidLoad I am logging the passed managedObjectContext and am getting null returned. Obviously I am missing something but not sure what? In viewcontroller.h I have: @property (nonatomic, retain) NSManagedObjectModel* managedObjectModel; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSManagedObjectContext* managedObjectContext; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator* persistentStoreCoordinator; and in the viewcontroller.m: @synthesize managedObjectContext = managedObjectContext; ... DDLogVerbose(@"%@", managedObjectContext);

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