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Search found 200 results on 8 pages for 'sampling'.

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• YUV Textures and Shaders

  - by Luca

  I've always used RGB textures. Now comes up the need of use of YUV textures (a set of three texture, specifying 1 luminance and 2 chrominance channels). Of course the YUV texture could be converted on CPU, getting the RGB texture usable as usual... but I need to get RGB pixel directly on GPU, to avoid unnecessary processor load... The problem became strange, since I require to specifyin the shader source, because a single texture, the following items: Three samplers uniforms, one for each channel Two integer uniforms, for specifying the chrominance channels sampling a mat3 uniform, for specific YUV to RGB conversion matrix. This should be done for each YUV texture... Is it possible to "compress" required uniforms, and getting RGB values quite easily? Actually i think this could aid: Texture sizes, including mipmaps, could be queried. With this, its possible to save the two integer uniforms, since the uniform values are derived the ratio between texture extents The mat3 uniforms could be collected as globals, and with preprocessor could be selected. But what design should I use for specify three (related) textures? Is it possible to use textures levels for accessing multiple textures? Texture arrays could be usable? And what about using rectangle textures, which doesn't supports mipmaps? Maybe a shader abstraction (struct definition and related function) could aid? Thank you.

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• A catalogue of Cassandra log messages: What is the correct interpretation?

  - by knorv

  The following is a complete catalogue of all log messages generated by Cassandra 0.6 when stress-testing a Cassandra installation over an extended period of time: AntiEntropyService: Sending AEService tree for (,) to: [] CassandraDaemon: Binding thrift service to localhost/N.N.N.N:N CassandraDaemon: Cassandra starting up... ColumnFamilyStore: has reached its threshold; switching in a fresh Memtable at CommitLogContext(file='.../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log', position=N) ColumnFamilyStore: Enqueuing flush of Memtable()@N CommitLog: Discarding obsolete commit log:CommitLogSegment(.../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log) CommitLog: Log replay complete CommitLog: Replaying .../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log, ... CommitLogSegment: Creating new commitlog segment .../cassandra/commitlog/CommitLog-N.log CompactionManager: Compacted to .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db. N/N bytes for N keys. Time: Nms. CompactionManager: Compacting [org.apache.cassandra.io.SSTableReader(path='.../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db'), ...] DatabaseDescriptor: Auto DiskAccessMode determined to be mmap GCInspector: GC for ConcurrentMarkSweep: N ms, N reclaimed leaving N used; max is N GCInspector: GC for ParNew: N ms, N reclaimed leaving N used; max is N Memtable: Completed flushing .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db Memtable: Writing Memtable()@N SSTable: Deleted .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db SSTableDeletingReference: Deleted .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db SSTableReader: Sampling index for .../cassandra/data//-N-Data.db StorageService: Starting up server gossip SystemTable: Saved ClusterName found: Test Cluster SystemTable: Saved ClusterName not found. Using Test Cluster SystemTable: Saved Token found: N SystemTable: Saved Token not found. Using N For each of the log messages listed - what is the correct interpretation of the log message?

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• Sparse parameter selection using Genetic Algorithm

  - by bgbg

  Hello, I'm facing a parameter selection problem, which I would like to solve using Genetic Algorithm (GA). I'm supposed to select not more than 4 parameters out of 3000 possible ones. Using the binary chromosome representation seems like a natural choice. The evaluation function punishes too many "selected" attributes and if the number of attributes is acceptable, it then evaluates the selection. The problem is that in these sparse conditions the GA can hardly improve the population. Neither the average fitness cost, nor the fitness of the "worst" individual improves over the generations. All I see is slight (even tiny) improvement in the score of the best individual, which, I suppose, is a result of random sampling. Encoding the problem using indices of the parameters doesn't work either. This is most probably, due to the fact that the chromosomes are directional, while the selection problem isn't (i.e. chromosomes [1, 2, 3, 4]; [4, 3, 2, 1]; [3, 2, 4, 1] etc. are identical) What problem representation would you suggest? P.S If this matters, I use PyEvolve.

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• How would the conversion of a custom CMS using a text-file-based database to Drupal be tackled?

  - by James Morris

  Just today I've started using Drupal for a site I'm designing/developing. For my own site http://jwm-art.net I wrote a user-unfriendly CMS in PHP. My brief experience with Drupal is making me want to convert from the CMS I wrote. A CMS whose sole method (other than comments) of automatically publishing content is by logging in via SSH and using NANO to create a plain text file in a format like so*: head<<END_HEAD title = Audio keywords= open,source,audio,sequencing,sampling,synthesis descr = Music, noise, and audio, created by James W. Morris. parent = home END_HEAD main<<END_MAIN text<<END_TEXT Digital music, noise, and audio made exclusively with @=xlink=http://www.linux-sound.org@:Linux Audio Software@_=@. END_TEXT image=gfb@--@;Accompanying image for penonpaper-c@right ilink=audio_2008 br= ilink=audio_2007 br= ilink=audio_2006 END_MAIN info=text<<END_TEXT I've been making PC based music since the early nineties - fortunately most of it only exists as tape recordings. END_TEXT ( http://jwm-art.net/dark.php?p=audio - There's just over 400 pages on there. ) *The jounal-entry form which takes some of the work out of it, has mysteriously broken. And it still required SSH access to copy the file to the main dat dir and to check I had actually remembered the format correctly and the code hadn't mis-formatted anything (which it always does). I don't want to drop all the old content (just some), but how much work would be involved in converting it, factoring into account I've been using Drupal for a day, have not written any PHP for a couple of years, and have zero knowledge of SQL? How might a team of developers tackle this? How do-able is it for one guy in his spare time?

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• How to speed up marching cubes?

  - by Dan Vinton

  I'm using this marching cube algorithm to draw 3D isosurfaces (ported into C#, outputting MeshGeomtry3Ds, but otherwise the same). The resulting surfaces look great, but are taking a long time to calculate. Are there any ways to speed up marching cubes? The most obvious one is to simply reduce the spatial sampling rate, but this reduces the quality of the resulting mesh. I'd like to avoid this. I'm considering a two-pass system, where the first pass samples space much more coarsely, eliminating volumes where the field strength is well below my isolevel. Is this wise? What are the pitfalls? Edit: the code has been profiled, and the bulk of CPU time is split between the marching cubes routine itself and the field strength calculation for each grid cell corner. The field calculations are beyond my control, so speeding up the cubes routine is my only option... I'm still drawn to the idea of trying to eliminate dead space, since this would reduce the number of calls to both systems considerably.

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• .NET: What's the difference between HttpMethod and RequestType of HttpRequest?

  - by Ian Boyd

  The HttpRequest class defines two properties: HttpMethod: Gets the HTTP data transfer method (such as GET, POST, or HEAD) used by the client. public string HttpMethod { get; } The HTTP data transfer method used by the client. and RequestType: Gets or sets the HTTP data transfer method (GET or POST) used by the client. public string RequestType { get; set; } A string representing the HTTP invocation type sent by the client. What is the difference between these two properties? When would i want to use one over the other? Which is the proper one to inspect to see what data transfer method was used by the client? The documentation indicates that HttpMethod will return whatever verb was used: such as GET, POST, or HEAD while the documentation on RequestType seems to indicate only one of two possible values: GET or POST i test with a random sampling of verbs, and both properties seem to support all verbs, and both return the same values: Testing: Client Used HttpMethod RequestType GET GET GET POST POST POST HEAD HEAD HEAD CONNECT CONNECT CONNECT MKCOL MKCOL MKCOL PUT PUT PUT FOOTEST FOOTEST FOOTEST What is the difference between: HttpRequest.HttpMethod HttpRequest.RequestType and when should i use one over the other? Keywords: iis asp.net http httprequest httphandler

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• Delphi: Fast(er) widestring concatenation

  - by Ian Boyd

  i have a function who's job is to convert an ADO Recordset into html: class function RecordsetToHtml(const rs: _Recordset): WideString; And the guts of the function involves a lot of wide string concatenation: while not rs.EOF do begin Result := Result+CRLF+ '<TR>'; for i := 0 to rs.Fields.Count-1 do Result := Result+'<TD>'+VarAsString(rs.Fields[i].Value)+'</TD>'; Result := Result+'</TR>'; rs.MoveNext; end; With a few thousand results, the function takes, what any user would feel, is too long to run. The Delphi Sampling Profiler shows that 99.3% of the time is spent in widestring concatenation (@WStrCatN and @WstrCat). Can anyone think of a way to improve widestring concatenation? i don't think Delphi 5 has any kind of string builder. And Format doesn't support Unicode. And to make sure nobody tries to weasel out: pretend you are implementing the interface: IRecordsetToHtml = interface(IUnknown) function RecordsetToHtml(const rs: _Recordset): WideString; end; Update One I thought of using an IXMLDOMDocument, to build up the HTML as xml. But then i realized that the final HTML would be xhtml and not html - a subtle, but important, difference. Update Two Microsoft knowledge base article: How To Improve String Concatenation Performance

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• Business Objects - Containers or functional?

  - by Walter

  Where I work, we've gone back and forth on this subject a number of times and are looking for a sanity check. Here's the question: Should Business Objects be data containers (more like DTOs) or should they also contain logic that can perform some functionality on that object. Example - Take a customer object, it probably contains some common properties (Name, Id, etc), should that customer object also include functions (Save, Calc, etc.)? One line of reasoning says separate the object from the functionality (single responsibility principal) and put the functionality in a Business Logic layer or object. The other line of reasoning says, no, if I have a customer object I just want to call Customer.Save and be done with it. Why do I need to know about how to save a customer if I'm consuming the object? Our last two projects have had the objects separated from the functionality, but the debate has been raised again on a new project. Which makes more sense? EDIT These results are very similar to our debates. One vote to one side or another completely changes the direction. Does anyone else want to add their 2 cents? EDIT Eventhough the answer sampling is small, it appears that the majority believe that functionality in a business object is acceptable as long as it is simple but persistence is best placed in a separate class/layer. We'll give this a try. Thanks for everyone's input...

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• What are some programming techniques for converting SD images to HD images

  - by Dr Dork

  I'm taking programming class and instructor loves to work with images so most of our assignments involve manipulating raw RGB image data. One of our assignments is to implement a standard image converter that converts SD images to HD images and vice versa. I always take advantage of these types of assignments to go a little beyond what we were asked to do, so I added a basic anti-aliasing process that uses the average pixel color of the 3x3 surrounding pixels to improve the converted image. While it helps a bit, the resulting image still doesn't look good, which is ok because it's not expected to for the assignment. I've learned that converting an SD to HD images has shown to be much harder than down sampling to SD from HD just because SD to HD effectively involves increasing resolution when it is not there. Obviously, it is hard to create pixels from nothing, but I'd like enhance my anti-aliasing to something that provides better results when upscaling an image. Most of the techniques I find and read on the internet are far beyond my level of image processing and programming. Can anybody suggest any better methods or processes to create good HD content from SD content that may be within my programming skill level? I know that's a difficult thing to gauge since you don't know me, but perhaps knowing that I can write c++ code to read in raw RGB data and upscale/downscale it with simple average-anti-aliasing will give you an idea. Thanks in advance for all your help!

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• acts_as_xapian jobs table

  - by Grnbeagle

  Hi, Can someone explain to me the inner workings of acts_as_xapian_jobs table? I ran into an issue with the acts_as_xapian plugin recently, where I kept getting the following error when it creates an object with xapian indexed fields: Mysql::Error: Duplicate entry 'String-2147483647' for key 2: INSERT INTO `acts_as_xapian_jobs` (`action`, `model`, `model_id`) VALUES ('update', 'String', 23730251831560) It turns out the model_id exceeded the max int value of 2147483647. The workaround was to update model_id to use bigint. Why would the model_id be so huge? By looking at content of acts_as_xapian_jobs, it seems it creates a row for every field that is being indexed.. Understanding how a job gets created in the table would help a great deal. Here's a sampling of the table: mysql> select * from acts_as_xapian_jobs limit 5\G *************************** 1. row *************************** id: 19 model: String model_id: 23804037900560 action: update *************************** 2. row *************************** id: 49 model: String model_id: 23804037191200 action: update *************************** 3. row *************************** id: 79 model: String model_id: 23804037932180 action: update *************************** 4. row *************************** id: 109 model: String model_id: 23804037101700 action: update *************************** 5. row *************************** id: 139 model: String model_id: 23804037722160 action: update Thanks in advance, Amie

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• Linux time sample based profiler.

  - by Caspin

  short version: Is there a good time based sampling profiler for Linux? long version: I generally use OProfile to optimize my applications. I recently found a shortcoming that has me wondering. The problem was a tight loop spawning c++filt to demangle a c++ name. I only stumbled upon the code by accident while chasing down another bottleneck. The OProfile didn't show anything unusual about the code so I almost ignored it but my code sense told me to optimize the call and see what happened. I changed the popen of c++filt to abi::__cxa_demangle. The runtime went from more than a minute to a little over a second. About a x60 speed up. Is there a way I could have configured OProfile to flag the popen call? As the profile data sits now OProfile thinks the bottle neck was the heap and std::string calls (which BTW once optimized dropped the runtime to less than a second, more than x2 speed up). Here is my OProfile configuration: $ sudo opcontrol --status Daemon not running Event 0: CPU_CLK_UNHALTED:90000:0:1:1 Separate options: library vmlinux file: none Image filter: /path/to/excutable Call-graph depth: 7 Buffer size: 65536 Is there another profiler for Linux that could have found the bottleneck? I suspect the issue is that OProfile only logs its samples to the currently running process. I'd like it to always log its samples to the process I'm profiling. So if the process is currently switched out (blocking on IO or a popen call) OProfile would just place its sample at the blocked call. If I can't fix this, OProfile will only be useful when the executable is pushing near 100% CPU. It can't help with executables that that have inefficient blocking calls.

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• Faster way to split a string and count characters using R?

  - by chrisamiller

  I'm looking for a faster way to calculate GC content for DNA strings read in from a FASTA file. This boils down to taking a string and counting the number of times that the letter 'G' or 'C' appears. I also want to specify the range of characters to consider. I have a working function that is fairly slow, and it's causing a bottleneck in my code. It looks like this: ## ## count the number of GCs in the characters between start and stop ## gcCount <- function(line, st, sp){ chars = strsplit(as.character(line),"")[[1]] numGC = 0 for(j in st:sp){ ##nested ifs faster than an OR (|) construction if(chars[[j]] == "g"){ numGC <- numGC + 1 }else if(chars[[j]] == "G"){ numGC <- numGC + 1 }else if(chars[[j]] == "c"){ numGC <- numGC + 1 }else if(chars[[j]] == "C"){ numGC <- numGC + 1 } } return(numGC) } Running Rprof gives me the following output: > a = "GCCCAAAATTTTCCGGatttaagcagacataaattcgagg" > Rprof(filename="Rprof.out") > for(i in 1:500000){gcCount(a,1,40)}; > Rprof(NULL) > summaryRprof(filename="Rprof.out") self.time self.pct total.time total.pct "gcCount" 77.36 76.8 100.74 100.0 "==" 18.30 18.2 18.30 18.2 "strsplit" 3.58 3.6 3.64 3.6 "+" 1.14 1.1 1.14 1.1 ":" 0.30 0.3 0.30 0.3 "as.logical" 0.04 0.0 0.04 0.0 "as.character" 0.02 0.0 0.02 0.0 $by.total total.time total.pct self.time self.pct "gcCount" 100.74 100.0 77.36 76.8 "==" 18.30 18.2 18.30 18.2 "strsplit" 3.64 3.6 3.58 3.6 "+" 1.14 1.1 1.14 1.1 ":" 0.30 0.3 0.30 0.3 "as.logical" 0.04 0.0 0.04 0.0 "as.character" 0.02 0.0 0.02 0.0 $sampling.time [1] 100.74 Any advice for making this code faster?

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• Re-order list in Python to ensure it starts with check values.

  - by S_Swede

  Dear all, I'm reading in serial data using Pyserial, to populate a list of 17 values (1byte each) at a sampling rate of 256Hz. The bytes I ultimately want to use are the 5th to 8th in the list. Providing no bytes are dropped, the first two values of the stream are always the same ('165','90'). I'm getting quite a few dropped values though, and my list values are shifting, so when I read the 5th-8th bytes, they aren't the correct values. I've partially combatted this by ensuring that before the wanted segement is captured, the first few values are checked against what they should be (i.e. if mylist[0]==165 &....). This is crude but ok since the chances of these two values appearing adjacent to each other in the list elsewhere is small. The problem is that this means as soon as the bytes shift, I'm losing a load of values, until it eventually realigns. My question is: what code can I use to either: a) Force the list to realign once it has been detected that it no longer starts with 165,90. (elif....). b) Detect where '165' & '90' are (next to each other) in the list and extract the values I want in relation to their position (next but one, onwards). Thanks in advance S_S Just noticed from the related Qs that I could use mylist.append(mylist.pop(0)) multiple times until they are in the right place. Is there a better way that anyone can suggest?

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• Unsupported smapling rate in flex/actionscript

  - by Rajeev

  In action script i need Loading configuration file /opt/flex/frameworks/flex-config.xml t3.mxml(10): Error: unsupported sampling rate (24000Hz) [Embed(source="music.mp3")] t3.mxml(10): Error: Unable to transcode music.mp3. [Embed(source="music.mp3")] The code is <?xml version="1.0"?> <!-- embed/EmbedSound.mxml --> <mx:Application xmlns:mx="http://www.adobe.com/2006/mxml"> <mx:Script> <![CDATA[ import flash.media.*; [Embed(source="sample.mp3")] [Bindable] public var sndCls:Class; public var snd:Sound = new sndCls() as Sound; public var sndChannel:SoundChannel; public function playSound():void { sndChannel=snd.play(); } public function stopSound():void { sndChannel.stop(); } ]]> </mx:Script> <mx:HBox> <mx:Button label="play" click="playSound();"/> <mx:Button label="stop" click="stopSound();"/> </mx:HBox> </mx:Application>

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• Where do I put the logic of my MFC program?

  - by Matthew

  I created an application core, in C++, that I've compiled into a static library in Visual Studio. I am now at the process of writing a GUI for it. I am using MFC to do this. I figured out how to map button presses to execute certain methods of my application core's main class (i.e. buttons to have it start and stop). The core class however, should always be sampling data from an external source every second or two. The GUI should then populate some fields after each sample is taken. I can't seem to find a spot in my MFC objects like CDialog that I can constantly check to see if my class has grabbed the data.. then if it has put that data into some of the text boxes. A friend suggested that I create a thread on the OnInit() routine that would take care of this, but that solution isn't really working for me. Is there no spot where I can put an if statement that keeps being called until the program quits? i.e. if( coreapp.dataSampleReady() ) { // put coreapp.dataItem1() in TextBox1 // set progress bar to coreapp.dataItem2() // etc. // reset dataSampleReady }

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• Generate random number from an arbitrary weighted list

  - by Fernando

  Here's what I need to do, I'll be doing this both in PHP and JavaScript. I have a list of numbers that will range from 1 to 300-500 (I haven't set the limit yet). I will be running a drawing were 10 numbers will be picked at random from the given range. Here's the tricky part: I want some numbers to be less likely to be drawn up. A small set of those 300-500 will be flagged as "lucky numbers". For example, out of 100 drawings, most numbers have equal chances of being drawn, except for a few, that will only be picked once every 30-50 drawings. Basically I need to artificially set the probability of certain numbers to be picked while maintaining an even distribution with the rest of the numbers. The only similar thing I've found so far is this question: Generate A Weighted Random Number, the problem being that my spec has considerably more numbers (up to 500) so the weights would get very small and supposedly this could be a problem with that solution (Rejection Sampling). I'm still trying it, though, but I wonder if there other solutions. Math is not my thing so I appreciate any input. Thanks.

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• ActionScript 3.0 Color Output Error?

  - by TheDarkIn1978

  I'm employing color in a current AS3 project, and have come across what appears to be an error in the Flash Player (version 10). it might also be an error with Apple's DigitalColor Meter (version 3.7.2), which is what i'm using to sample the displayed colors on Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6.3). //Primary, secondary, and tertiary colors of the RGB color wheel var red:Number = 0xFF0000; var orange:Number = 0xFF7D00; var yellow:Number = 0xFFFF00; var chartreuse:Number = 0x7DFF00; var green:Number = 0x00FF00; var spring:Number = 0x00FF7D; var cyan:Number = 0x00FFFF; var azure:Number = 0x007DFF; //reads 0x0077FF var blue:Number = 0x0000FF; var violet:Number = 0x7D00FF; var magenta:Number = 0xFF00FF; //reads 0xFF00F8 var rose:Number = 0xFF007D; //reads 0xFF0077 all of these colors display normally except for 3: Azure, Magenta and Rose. they are coded with the appropriate number, but when i use the color meter to sample the displayed colors, those 3 return inaccurate results. anyone have any insight about this issue? what is causing the error, the Flash runtime or the color sampler? if it's the Flash player, could this problem be much deeper? *sampling this image will return inaccurate results due to .jpg compression. it's simply for illustration

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• Logic: Best way to sample & count bytes of a 100MB+ file

  - by Jami

  Let's say I have this 170mb file (roughly 180 million bytes). What I need to do is to create a table that lists: all 4096 byte combinations found [column 'bytes'], and the number of times each byte combination appeared in it [column 'occurrences'] Assume two things: I can save data very fast, but I can update my saved data very slow. How should I sample the file and save the needed information? Here're some suggestions that are (extremely) slow: Go through each 4096 byte combinations in the file, save each data, but search the table first for existing combinations and update it's values. this is unbelievably slow Go through each 4096 byte combinations in the file, save until 1 million rows of data in a temporary table. Go through that table and fix the entries (combine repeating byte combinations), then copy to the big table. Repeat going through another 1 million rows of data and repeat the process. this is faster by a bit, but still unbelievably slow This is kind of like taking the statistics of the file. NOTE: I know that sampling the file can generate tons of data (around 22Gb from experience), and I know that any solution posted would take a bit of time to finish. I need the most efficient saving process

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• Ubuntu stopped recognizing my iPod

  - by flashnode

  Rythmbox on Ubuntu 10.10 used to recognize my 3rd gen Nano and transfer mp3s. Now I plug it in and Ubuntu doesn't pop-up that box that asks what you want to do anymore. It is only recognized if I reboot and the thing is plugged in. Here is the output to 'lsusb -v -s bus:device' Bus 001 Device 008: ID 05ac:1262 Apple, Inc. iPod Nano 3.Gen Device Descriptor: bLength 18 bDescriptorType 1 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 64 idVendor 0x05ac Apple, Inc. idProduct 0x1262 iPod Nano 3.Gen bcdDevice 0.01 iManufacturer 1 Apple Inc. iProduct 2 iPod iSerial 3 000A27001A670128 bNumConfigurations 2 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 32 bNumInterfaces 1 bConfigurationValue 1 iConfiguration 0 bmAttributes 0xc0 Self Powered MaxPower 500mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 2 bInterfaceClass 8 Mass Storage bInterfaceSubClass 6 SCSI bInterfaceProtocol 80 Bulk (Zip) iInterface 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x02 EP 2 OUT bmAttributes 2 Transfer Type Bulk Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0200 1x 512 bytes bInterval 0 Configuration Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 2 wTotalLength 149 bNumInterfaces 3 bConfigurationValue 2 iConfiguration 4 iPod USB Interface bmAttributes 0xc0 Self Powered MaxPower 500mA Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 0 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 0 bInterfaceClass 1 Audio bInterfaceSubClass 1 Control Device bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 AudioControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 1 (HEADER) bcdADC 1.00 wTotalLength 30 bInCollection 1 baInterfaceNr( 0) 1 AudioControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 12 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 2 (INPUT_TERMINAL) bTerminalID 1 wTerminalType 0x0201 Microphone bAssocTerminal 2 bNrChannels 2 wChannelConfig 0x0003 Left Front (L) Right Front (R) iChannelNames 0 iTerminal 0 AudioControl Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 3 (OUTPUT_TERMINAL) bTerminalID 2 wTerminalType 0x0101 USB Streaming bAssocTerminal 1 bSourceID 1 iTerminal 0 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 0 bInterfaceClass 1 Audio bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 1 bAlternateSetting 1 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 1 Audio bInterfaceSubClass 2 Streaming bInterfaceProtocol 0 iInterface 0 AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 1 (AS_GENERAL) bTerminalLink 2 bDelay 1 frames wFormatTag 1 PCM AudioStreaming Interface Descriptor: bLength 35 bDescriptorType 36 bDescriptorSubtype 2 (FORMAT_TYPE) bFormatType 1 (FORMAT_TYPE_I) bNrChannels 2 bSubframeSize 2 bBitResolution 16 bSamFreqType 9 Discrete tSamFreq[ 0] 8000 tSamFreq[ 1] 11025 tSamFreq[ 2] 12000 tSamFreq[ 3] 16000 tSamFreq[ 4] 22050 tSamFreq[ 5] 24000 tSamFreq[ 6] 32000 tSamFreq[ 7] 44100 tSamFreq[ 8] 48000 Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN bmAttributes 1 Transfer Type Isochronous Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x00c0 1x 192 bytes bInterval 4 bRefresh 0 bSynchAddress 0 AudioControl Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 37 bDescriptorSubtype 1 (EP_GENERAL) bmAttributes 0x01 Sampling Frequency bLockDelayUnits 0 Undefined wLockDelay 0 Undefined Interface Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 4 bInterfaceNumber 2 bAlternateSetting 0 bNumEndpoints 1 bInterfaceClass 3 Human Interface Device bInterfaceSubClass 0 No Subclass bInterfaceProtocol 0 None iInterface 0 HID Device Descriptor: bLength 9 bDescriptorType 33 bcdHID 1.01 bCountryCode 0 Not supported bNumDescriptors 1 bDescriptorType 34 Report wDescriptorLength 208 Report Descriptors: ** UNAVAILABLE ** Endpoint Descriptor: bLength 7 bDescriptorType 5 bEndpointAddress 0x83 EP 3 IN bmAttributes 3 Transfer Type Interrupt Synch Type None Usage Type Data wMaxPacketSize 0x0040 1x 64 bytes bInterval 1 Device Qualifier (for other device speed): bLength 10 bDescriptorType 6 bcdUSB 2.00 bDeviceClass 0 (Defined at Interface level) bDeviceSubClass 0 bDeviceProtocol 0 bMaxPacketSize0 64 bNumConfigurations 2 Device Status: 0x0000 (Bus Powered) This ubuntu forum told me to check the automount settings under /apps/nautilus/preferences/media_automount_open in gconf-editor. And I did that. Any clues?

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• Identity Management Monday at Oracle OpenWorld

  - by Tanu Sood

  What a great start to Oracle OpenWorld! Did you catch Larry Ellison’s keynote last evening? As expected, it was a packed house and the keynote received a tremendous response both from the live audience as well as the online community as evidenced by the frequent spontaneous applause in house and the twitter buzz. Here’s but a sampling of some of the tweets that flowed in: @paulvallee: I freaking love that #oracle has been born again in it's interest in core tech #oow (so good for #pythian) @rwang0: MyPOV: #oracle just leapfrogged the competition on the tech front across the board. All they need is the content delivery network #oow12 @roh1: LJE more astute & engaging this year. Nice announcements this year with 12c the MTDB sounding real good. #oow12 @brooke: Cool to see @larryellison interrupted multiple times by applause from the audience. Great speaker. #OOW And there’s lot more to come this week. Identity Management sessions kick-off today. Here’s a quick preview of what’s in store for you today for Identity Management: CON9405: Trends in Identity Management 10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m., Moscone West 3003 Hear directly from subject matter experts from Kaiser Permanente and SuperValu who would share the stage with Amit Jasuja, Senior Vice President, Oracle Identity Management and Security, to discuss how the latest advances in Identity Management that made it in Oracle Identity Management 11g Release 2 are helping customers address emerging requirements for securely enabling cloud, social and mobile environments. CON9492: Simplifying your Identity Management Implementation 3:15 p.m. – 4:15 p.m., Moscone West 3008 Implementation experts from British Telecom, Kaiser Permanente and UPMC participate in a panel to discuss best practices, key strategies and lessons learned based on their own experiences. Attendees will hear first-hand what they can do to streamline and simplify their identity management implementation framework for a quick return-on-investment and maximum efficiency. This session will also explore the architectural simplifications of Oracle Identity Governance 11gR2, focusing on how these enhancements simply deployments. CON9444: Modernized and Complete Access Management 4:45 p.m. – 5:45 p.m., Moscone West 3008 We have come a long way from the days of web single sign-on addressing the core business requirements. Today, as technology and business evolves, organizations are seeking new capabilities like federation, token services, fine grained authorizations, web fraud prevention and strong authentication. This session will explore the emerging requirements for access management, what a complete solution is like, complemented with real-world customer case studies from ETS, Kaiser Permanente and TURKCELL and product demonstrations. HOL10478: Complete Access Management Monday, October 1, 1:45 p.m. – 2:45 p.m., Marriott Marquis - Salon 1/2 And, get your hands on technology today. Register and attend the Hands-On-Lab session that demonstrates Oracle’s complete and scalable access management solution, which includes single sign-on, authorization, federation, and integration with social identity providers. Further, the session shows how to securely extend identity services to mobile applications and devices—all while leveraging a common set of policies and a single instance. Product Demonstrations The latest technology in Identity Management is also being showcased in the Exhibition Hall so do find some time to visit our product demonstrations there. Experts will be at hand to answer any questions. DEMOS LOCATION EXHIBITION HALL HOURS Access Management: Complete and Scalable Access Management Moscone South, Right - S-218 Monday, October 1 9:30 a.m.–6:00 p.m. 9:30 a.m.–10:45 a.m. (Dedicated Hours) Tuesday, October 2 9:45 a.m.–6:00 p.m. 2:15 p.m.–2:45 p.m. (Dedicated Hours) Wednesday, October 3 9:45 a.m.–4:00 p.m. 2:15 p.m.–3:30 p.m. (Dedicated Hours) Access Management: Federating and Leveraging Social Identities Moscone South, Right - S-220 Access Management: Mobile Access Management Moscone South, Right - S-219 Access Management: Real-Time Authorizations Moscone South, Right - S-217 Access Management: Secure SOA and Web Services Security Moscone South, Right - S-223 Identity Governance: Modern Administration and Tooling Moscone South, Right - S-210 Identity Management Monitoring with Oracle Enterprise Manager Moscone South, Right - S-212 Oracle Directory Services Plus: Performant, Cloud-Ready Moscone South, Right - S-222 Oracle Identity Management: Closed-Loop Access Certification Moscone South, Right - S-221 We recommend you keep the Focus on Identity Management document handy. And don’t forget, if you are not on site, you can catch all the keynotes LIVE from the comfort of your desk on YouTube.com/Oracle. Keep the conversation going on @oracleidm. Use #OOW and #IDM and get engaged today. Photo Courtesy: @OracleOpenWorld

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• About Me

  - by Jeffrey West

  I’m new to blogging.  This is the second blog post that I have written, and before I go too much further I wanted the readers of my blog to know a bit more about me… Kid’s Stuff By trade, I am a programmer (or coder, developer, engineer, architect, etc).  I started programming when I was 12 years old.  When I was 7, we got our first ‘family’ computer – an Apple IIc.  It was great to play games on, and of course what else was a 7-year-old going to do with it.  I did have one problem with it, though.  When I put in my 5.25” floppy to play a game, sometimes, instead loading my game I would get a mysterious ‘]’ on the screen with a flashing cursor.  This, of course, was not my game.  Much like the standard ‘Microsoft fix’ is to reboot, back then you would take the floppy out, shake it, and restart the computer and pray for a different result. One day, I learned at school that I could topple my nemesis – the ‘]’ and flashing cursor – by typing ‘load’ and pressing enter.  Most of the time, this would load my game and then I would get to play.  Problem solved.  However, I began to wonder – what else can I make it do? When I was in 5th grade my dad got a bright idea to buy me a Tandy 1000HX.  He didn’t know what I was going to do with it, and neither did I.  Least of all, my mom wasn’t happy about buying a 5th grader a $1,000 computer.  Nonetheless, Over time, I learned how to write simple basic programs out of the back of my Math book: 10 x=5 20 y=6 30 PRINT x+y That was fun for all of about 5 minutes.  I needed more – more challenges, more things that I could make the computer do.  In order to quench this thirst my parents sent me to National Computer Camps in Connecticut.  It was one of the best experiences of my childhood, and I spent 3 weeks each summer after that learning BASIC, Pascal, Turbo C and some C++.  There weren’t many kids at the time who knew anything about computers, and lets just say my knowledge of and interest in computers didn’t score me many ‘cool’ points.  My experiences at NCC set me on the path that I find myself on now, and I am very thankful for the experience.  Real Life I have held various positions in the past at different levels within the IT layer cake.  I started out as a Software Developer for a startup in the Dallas, TX area building software for semiconductor testing statistical process control and sampling.  I was the second Java developer that was hired, and the ninth employee overall, so I got a great deal of experience developing software.  Since there weren’t that many people in the organization, I also got a lot of field experience which meant that if I screwed up the code, I got yelled at (figuratively) by both my boss AND the customer.  Fun Times!  What made it better was that I got to help run pilot programs in Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia and Malta.  Getting yelled at in Taiwan is slightly less annoying that getting yelled at in Dallas… I spent the next 5 years at Accenture doing systems integration in the ‘SOA’ group.  I joined as a Consultant and left as a Senior Manager.  I started out writing code in WebLogic Integration and left after I wrapped up project where I led a team of 25 to develop the next generation of a digital media platform to deliver HD content in a digital format.  At Accenture, I had the pleasure of working with some truly amazing people – mentoring some and learning from many others – and on some incredible real-world IT projects.  Given my background with the BEA stack of products I was often called in to troubleshoot and tune WebLogic, ALBPM and ALSB installations and have logged many hours digging through thread dumps, running performance tests with SoapUI and decompiling Java classes we didn’t have the source for so I could see what was going on in the code. I am now a Senior Principal Product Manager at Oracle in the Application Grid practice.  The term ‘Application Grid’ refers to a collection of software and hardware products within Oracle that enables customers to build horizontally scalable systems.  This collection of products includes WebLogic, GlassFish, Coherence, Tuxedo and the JRockit/HotSpot JVMs (HotSprocket, maybe?).  Now, with the introduction of Exalogic it has grown to include hardware as well. Wrapping it up… I love technology and have a diverse background ranging from software development to HW and network architecture & tuning.  I have held certifications for being an Oracle Certified DBA, MSCE and Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP), among others and I have put those to great use over my career.  I am excited about programming & technology and I enjoy helping people learn and be successful.  If you are having challenges with WebLogic, BPM or Service Bus feel free to reach out to me and I’ll be happy to help as I have time. Thanks for stopping by!   --Jeff

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• Profiling Startup Of VS2012 &ndash; YourKit Profiler

  - by Alois Kraus

  The YourKit (v7.0.5) profiler is interesting in terms of price (79€ single place license, 409€ + 1 year support and upgrades) and feature set. You do get a performance and memory profiler in one package for which you normally need also to pay extra from the other vendors. As an interesting side note the profiler UI is written in Java because they do also sell Java profilers with the same feature set. To get all methods of a VS startup you need first to configure it to include System* in the profiled methods and you need to configure * to measure wall clock time. By default it does record only CPU times which allows you to optimize CPU hungry operations. But you will never see a Thread.Sleep(10000) in the profiler blocking the UI in this mode. It can profile as all others processes started from within the profiler but it can also profile the next or all started processes. As usual it can profile in sampling and tracing mode. But since it is a memory profiler as well it does by default also record all object allocations > 1MB. With allocation recording enabled VS2012 did crash but without allocation recording there were no problems. The CPU tab contains the time line of the application and when you click in the graph you the call stacks of all threads at this time. This is really a nice feature. When you select a time region you the CPU Usage estimation for this time window. I have seen many applications consuming 100% CPU only because they did create garbage like crazy. For this is the Garbage Collection tab interesting in conjunction with a time range. This view is like the CPU table only that the CPU graph (green) is missing. All relevant information except for GCs/s is already visible in the CPU tab. Very handy to pinpoint excessive GC or CPU bound issues. The Threads tab does show the thread names and their lifetime. This is useful to see thread interactions or which thread is hottest in terms of CPU consumption. On the CPU tab the call tree does exist in a merged and thread specific view. When you click on a method you get below a list of all called methods. There you can sort for methods with a high own time which are worth optimizing. In the Method List you can select which scope you want to see. Back Traces are the methods which did call you. Callees ist the list of methods called directly or indirectly by your method as a flat list. This is not a call stack but still very useful to see which methods were slow so you can see the “root” cause quite quickly without the need to click trough long call stacks. The last view Merged Calles is a call stacked view of the previous view. This does help a lot to understand did call each method at run time. You would get the same view with a debugger for one call invocation but here you get the full statistics (invocation count) as well. Since YourKit is also a memory profiler you can directly see which objects you have on your managed heap and which objects do hold most of your precious memory. You can in in the Object Explorer view also examine the contents of your objects (strings or whatsoever) to get a better understanding which objects where potentially allocating this stuff.   YourKit is a very easy to use combined memory and performance profiler in one product. The unbeatable single license price makes it very attractive to straightly buy it. Although it is a Java UI it is very responsive and the memory consumption is considerably lower compared to dotTrace and ANTS profiler. What I do really like is to start the YourKit ui and then start the processes I want to profile as usual. There is no need to alter your own application code to be able to inject a profiler into your new started processes. For performance and memory profiling you can simply select the process you want to investigate from the list of started processes. That's the way I like to use profilers. Just get out of the way and let the application run without any special preparations.   Next: Telerik JustTrace

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• Performance triage

  - by Dave

  Folks often ask me how to approach a suspected performance issue. My personal strategy is informed by the fact that I work on concurrency issues. (When you have a hammer everything looks like a nail, but I'll try to keep this general). A good starting point is to ask yourself if the observed performance matches your expectations. Expectations might be derived from known system performance limits, prototypes, and other software or environments that are comparable to your particular system-under-test. Some simple comparisons and microbenchmarks can be useful at this stage. It's also useful to write some very simple programs to validate some of the reported or expected system limits. Can that disk controller really tolerate and sustain 500 reads per second? To reduce the number of confounding factors it's better to try to answer that question with a very simple targeted program. And finally, nothing beats having familiarity with the technologies that underlying your particular layer. On the topic of confounding factors, as our technology stacks become deeper and less transparent, we often find our own technology working against us in some unexpected way to choke performance rather than simply running into some fundamental system limit. A good example is the warm-up time needed by just-in-time compilers in Java Virtual Machines. I won't delve too far into that particular hole except to say that it's rare to find good benchmarks and methodology for java code. Another example is power management on x86. Power management is great, but it can take a while for the CPUs to throttle up from low(er) frequencies to full throttle. And while I love "turbo" mode, it makes benchmarking applications with multiple threads a chore as you have to remember to turn it off and then back on otherwise short single-threaded runs may look abnormally fast compared to runs with higher thread counts. In general for performance characterization I disable turbo mode and fix the power governor at "performance" state. Another source of complexity is the scheduler, which I've discussed in prior blog entries. Lets say I have a running application and I want to better understand its behavior and performance. We'll presume it's warmed up, is under load, and is an execution mode representative of what we think the norm would be. It should be in steady-state, if a steady-state mode even exists. On Solaris the very first thing I'll do is take a set of "pstack" samples. Pstack briefly stops the process and walks each of the stacks, reporting symbolic information (if available) for each frame. For Java, pstack has been augmented to understand java frames, and even report inlining. A few pstack samples can provide powerful insight into what's actually going on inside the program. You'll be able to see calling patterns, which threads are blocked on what system calls or synchronization constructs, memory allocation, etc. If your code is CPU-bound then you'll get a good sense where the cycles are being spent. (I should caution that normal C/C++ inlining can diffuse an otherwise "hot" method into other methods. This is a rare instance where pstack sampling might not immediately point to the key problem). At this point you'll need to reconcile what you're seeing with pstack and your mental model of what you think the program should be doing. They're often rather different. And generally if there's a key performance issue, you'll spot it with a moderate number of samples. I'll also use OS-level observability tools to lock for the existence of bottlenecks where threads contend for locks; other situations where threads are blocked; and the distribution of threads over the system. On Solaris some good tools are mpstat and too a lesser degree, vmstat. Try running "mpstat -a 5" in one window while the application program runs concurrently. One key measure is the voluntary context switch rate "vctx" or "csw" which reflects threads descheduling themselves. It's also good to look at the user; system; and idle CPU percentages. This can give a broad but useful understanding if your threads are mostly parked or mostly running. For instance if your program makes heavy use of malloc/free, then it might be the case you're contending on the central malloc lock in the default allocator. In that case you'd see malloc calling lock in the stack traces, observe a high csw/vctx rate as threads block for the malloc lock, and your "usr" time would be less than expected. Solaris dtrace is a wonderful and invaluable performance tool as well, but in a sense you have to frame and articulate a meaningful and specific question to get a useful answer, so I tend not to use it for first-order screening of problems. It's also most effective for OS and software-level performance issues as opposed to HW-level issues. For that reason I recommend mpstat & pstack as my the 1st step in performance triage. If some other OS-level issue is evident then it's good to switch to dtrace to drill more deeply into the problem. Only after I've ruled out OS-level issues do I switch to using hardware performance counters to look for architectural impediments.

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• Objects won't render when Texture Compression + Mipmapping is Enabled

  - by felipedrl

  I'm optimizing my game and I've just implemented compressed (DXTn) texture loading in OpenGL. I've worked my way removing bugs but I can't figure out this one: objects w/ DXTn + mipmapped textures are not being rendered. It's not like they are appearing with a flat color, they just don't appear at all. DXTn textured objs render and mipmapped non-compressed textures render just fine. The texture in question is 256x256 I generate the mips all the way down 4x4, i.e 1 block. I've checked on gDebugger and it display all the levels (7) just fine. I'm using GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST for min filter and GL_LINEAR for mag one. The texture is being compressed and mipmaps being created offline with Paint.NET tool using super sampling method. (I also tried bilinear just in case) Source follow: [SNIPPET 1: Loading DDS into sys memory + Initializing Object] // Read header DDSHeader header; file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&header), sizeof(DDSHeader)); uint pos = static_cast<uint>(file.tellg()); file.seekg(0, std::ios_base::end); uint dataSizeInBytes = static_cast<uint>(file.tellg()) - pos; file.seekg(pos, std::ios_base::beg); // Read file data mData = new unsigned char[dataSizeInBytes]; file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(mData), dataSizeInBytes); file.close(); mMipmapCount = header.mipmapcount; mHeight = header.height; mWidth = header.width; mCompressionType = header.pf.fourCC; // Only support files divisible by 4 (for compression blocks algorithms) massert(mWidth % 4 == 0 && mHeight % 4 == 0); massert(mCompressionType == NO_COMPRESSION || mCompressionType == COMPRESSION_DXT1 || mCompressionType == COMPRESSION_DXT3 || mCompressionType == COMPRESSION_DXT5); // Allow textures up to 65536x65536 massert(header.mipmapcount <= MAX_MIPMAP_LEVELS); mTextureFilter = TextureFilter::LINEAR; if (mMipmapCount > 0) { mMipmapFilter = MipmapFilter::NEAREST; } else { mMipmapFilter = MipmapFilter::NO_MIPMAP; } mBitsPerPixel = header.pf.bitcount; if (mCompressionType == NO_COMPRESSION) { if (header.pf.flags & DDPF_ALPHAPIXELS) { // The only format supported w/ alpha is A8R8G8B8 massert(header.pf.amask == 0xFF000000 && header.pf.rmask == 0xFF0000 && header.pf.gmask == 0xFF00 && header.pf.bmask == 0xFF); mInternalFormat = GL_RGBA8; mFormat = GL_BGRA; mDataType = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE; } else { massert(header.pf.rmask == 0xFF0000 && header.pf.gmask == 0xFF00 && header.pf.bmask == 0xFF); mInternalFormat = GL_RGB8; mFormat = GL_BGR; mDataType = GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE; } } else { uint blockSizeInBytes = 16; switch (mCompressionType) { case COMPRESSION_DXT1: blockSizeInBytes = 8; if (header.pf.flags & DDPF_ALPHAPIXELS) { mInternalFormat = GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT; } else { mInternalFormat = GL_COMPRESSED_RGB_S3TC_DXT1_EXT; } break; case COMPRESSION_DXT3: mInternalFormat = GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT; break; case COMPRESSION_DXT5: mInternalFormat = GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT; break; default: // Not Supported (DXT2, DXT4 or any compression format) massert(false); } } [SNIPPET 2: Uploading into video memory] massert(mData != NULL); glGenTextures(1, &mHandle); massert(mHandle!=0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mHandle); commitFiltering(); uint offset = 0; Renderer* renderer = Renderer::getInstance(); switch (mInternalFormat) { case GL_RGB: case GL_RGBA: case GL_RGB8: case GL_RGBA8: for (uint i = 0; i < mMipmapCount + 1; ++i) { uint width = std::max(1U, mWidth >> i); uint height = std::max(1U, mHeight >> i); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, i, mInternalFormat, width, height, mHasBorder, mFormat, mDataType, &mData[offset]); offset += width * height * (mBitsPerPixel / 8); } break; case GL_COMPRESSED_RGB_S3TC_DXT1_EXT: case GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT: case GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT: case GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT: { uint blockSize = 16; if (mInternalFormat == GL_COMPRESSED_RGB_S3TC_DXT1_EXT || mInternalFormat == GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT) { blockSize = 8; } uint width = mWidth; uint height = mHeight; for (uint i = 0; i < mMipmapCount + 1; ++i) { uint nBlocks = ((width + 3) / 4) * ((height + 3) / 4); // Only POT textures allowed for mipmapping massert(width % 4 == 0 && height % 4 == 0); glCompressedTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, i, mInternalFormat, width, height, mHasBorder, nBlocks * blockSize, &mData[offset]); offset += nBlocks * blockSize; if (width <= 4 && height <= 4) { break; } width = std::max(4U, width / 2); height = std::max(4U, height / 2); } break; } default: // Not Supported massert(false); } Also I don't understand the "+3" in the block size computation but looking for a solution for my problema I've encountered people defining it as that. I guess it won't make a differente for POT textures but I put just in case. Thanks.

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• Documentation Changes in Solaris 11.1

  - by alanc

  One of the first places you can see Solaris 11.1 changes are in the docs, which have now been posted in the Solaris 11.1 Library on docs.oracle.com. I spent a good deal of time reviewing documentation for this release, and thought some would be interesting to blog about, but didn't review all the changes (not by a long shot), and am not going to cover all the changes here, so there's plenty left for you to discover on your own. Just comparing the Solaris 11.1 Library list of docs against the Solaris 11 list will show a lot of reorganization and refactoring of the doc set, especially in the system administration guides. Hopefully the new break down will make it easier to get straight to the sections you need when a task is at hand. Packaging System Unfortunately, the excellent in-depth guide for how to build packages for the new Image Packaging System (IPS) in Solaris 11 wasn't done in time to make the initial Solaris 11 doc set. An interim version was published shortly after release, in PDF form on the OTN IPS page. For Solaris 11.1 it was included in the doc set, as Packaging and Delivering Software With the Image Packaging System in Oracle Solaris 11.1, so should be easier to find, and easier to share links to specific pages the HTML version. Beyond just how to build a package, it includes details on how Solaris is packaged, and how package updates work, which may be useful to all system administrators who deal with Solaris 11 upgrades & installations. The Adding and Updating Oracle Solaris 11.1 Software Packages was also extended, including new sections on Relaxing Version Constraints Specified by Incorporations and Locking Packages to a Specified Version that may be of interest to those who want to keep the Solaris 11 versions of certain packages when they upgrade, such as the couple of packages that had functionality removed by an (unusual for an update release) End of Feature process in the 11.1 release. Also added in this release is a document containing the lists of all the packages in each of the major package groups in Solaris 11.1 (solaris-desktop, solaris-large-server, and solaris-small-server). While you can simply get the contents of those groups from the package repository, either via the web interface or the pkg command line, the documentation puts them in handy tables for easier side-by-side comparison, or viewing the lists before you've installed the system to pick which one you want to initially install. X Window System We've not had good X11 coverage in the online Solaris docs in a while, mostly relying on the man pages, and upstream X.Org docs. In this release, we've integrated some X coverage into the Solaris 11.1 Desktop Adminstrator's Guide, including sections on installing fonts for fontconfig or legacy X11 clients, X server configuration, and setting up remote access via X11 or VNC. Of course we continue to work on improving the docs, including a lot of contributions to the upstream docs all OS'es share (more about that another time). Security One of the things Oracle likes to do for its products is to publish security guides for administrators & developers to know how to build systems that meet their security needs. For Solaris, we started this with Solaris 11, providing a guide for sysadmins to find where the security relevant configuration options were documented. The Solaris 11.1 Security Guidelines extend this to cover new security features, such as Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) and Read-Only Zones, as well as adding additional guidelines for existing features, such as how to limit the size of tmpfs filesystems, to avoid users driving the system into swap thrashing situations. For developers, the corresponding document is the Developer's Guide to Oracle Solaris 11 Security, which has been the source for years for documentation of security-relevant Solaris API's such as PAM, GSS-API, and the Solaris Cryptographic Framework. For Solaris 11.1, a new appendix was added to start providing Secure Coding Guidelines for Developers, leveraging the CERT Secure Coding Standards and OWASP guidelines to provide the base recommendations for common programming languages and their standard API's. Solaris specific secure programming guidance was added via links to other documentation in the product doc set. In parallel, we updated the Solaris C Libary Functions security considerations list with details of Solaris 11 enhancements such as FD_CLOEXEC flags, additional *at() functions, and new stdio functions such as asprintf() and getline(). A number of code examples throughout the Solaris 11.1 doc set were updated to follow these recommendations, changing unbounded strcpy() calls to strlcpy(), sprintf() to snprintf(), etc. so that developers following our examples start out with safer code. The Writing Device Drivers guide even had the appendix updated to list which of these utility functions, like snprintf() and strlcpy(), are now available via the Kernel DDI. Little Things Of course all the big new features got documented, and some major efforts were put into refactoring and renovation, but there were also a lot of smaller things that got fixed as well in the nearly a year between the Solaris 11 and 11.1 doc releases - again too many to list here, but a random sampling of the ones I know about & found interesting or useful: The Privileges section of the DTrace Guide now gives users a pointer to find out how to set up DTrace privileges for non-global zones and what limitations are in place there. A new section on Recommended iSCSI Configuration Practices was added to the iSCSI configuration section when it moved into the SAN Configuration and Multipathing administration guide. The Managing System Power Services section contains an expanded explanation of the various tunables for power management in Solaris 11.1. The sample dcmd sources in /usr/demo/mdb were updated to include ::help output, so that developers like myself who follow the examples don't forget to include it (until a helpful code reviewer pointed it out while reviewing the mdb module changes for Xorg 1.12). The README file in that directory was updated to show the correct paths for installing both kernel & userspace modules, including the 64-bit variants.

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