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• Database Design Primay Key, ID vs String

  - by LnDCobra

  Hi, I am currently planning to develop a music streaming application. And i am wondering what would be better as a primary key in my tables on the server. An ID int or a Unique String. Methods 1: Songs Table: SongID(int), Title(string), Artist*(string), Length(int), Album*(string) Genre Table Genre(string), Name(string) SongGenre: SongID*(int), Genre*(string) Method 2 Songs Table: SongID(int), Title(string), ArtistID*(int), Length(int), AlbumID*(int) Genre Table GenreID(int), Name(string) SongGenre: SongID*(int), GenreID*(int) Key: Bold = Primary Key, Field* = Foreign Key I'm currently designing using method 2 as I believe it will speed up lookup performance and use less space as an int takes a lot less space then a string. Is there any reason this isn't a good idea? Is there anything I should be aware of?

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• Database design grouping contacts by lists and companies

  - by Serge

  Hi, I'm wondering what would be the best way to group contacts by their company. Right now a user can group their contacts by custom created lists but I'd like to be able to group contacts by their company as well as store the contact's position (i.e. Project Manager of XYZ company). Database wise this is what I have for grouping contacts into lists contact [id_contact] [int] PK NOT NULL, [lastName] [varchar] (128) NULL, [firstName] [varchar] (128) NULL, ...... contact_list [id_contact] [int] FK, [id_list] [int] FK, list [id_list] [int] PK [id_user] [int] FK [list_name] [varchar] (128) NOT NULL, [description] [TEXT] NULL Should I implement something similar for grouping contacts by company? If so how would I store the contact's position in that company and how can I prevent data corruption if a user modifies a contact's company name. For instance John Doe changed companies but the other co-workers are still in the old company. I doubt that will happen often (might not even happen at all) but better be safe than sorry. I'm also keeping an audit trail so in a way the contact would still need to be linked to the old company as well as the new one but without confusing what company he's actually working at the moment. I hope that made sense... Has anyone encountered such a problem? UPDATE Would something like this make sense contact_company [id_contact_company] [int] PK [id_contact] [int] FK [id_company] [int] FK [contact_title] [varchar] (128) company [id_company] [int] PK NOT NULL, [company_name] [varchar] (128) NULL, [company_description] [varchar] (300) NULL, [created_date] [datetime] NOT NULL This way a contact can work for more than one company and contacts can be grouped by companies

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• Is an "infinite" iterator bad design?

  - by Adamski

  Is it generally considered bad practice to provide Iterator implementations that are "infinite"; i.e. where calls to hasNext() always(*) return true? Typically I'd say "yes" because the calling code could behave erratically, but in the below implementation hasNext() will return true unless the caller removes all elements from the List that the iterator was initialised with; i.e. there is a termination condition. Do you think this is a legitimate use of Iterator? It doesn't seem to violate the contract although I suppose one could argue it's unintuitive. public class CyclicIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> { private final List<T> l; private Iterator it; public CyclicIterator<T>(List<T> l) { this.l = l; this.it = l.iterator(); } public boolean hasNext() { return !l.isEmpty(); } public T next() { T ret; if (!hasNext()) { throw new NoSuchElementException(); } else if (it.hasNext()) { ret = it.next(); } else { it = l.iterator(); ret = it.next(); } return ret; } public void remove() { it.remove(); } }

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• Design Layout/Patterns

  - by wpfwannabe

  I am still fairly new to C# and I am trying to decide the best way to structure a new program. Here is what I want to do and I would like feed back on my idea. Presentation Layer Business Layer (Separate Class Library) Data Layer (Separate Class Library) Model Layer (Separate Class Library) What I am struggling with is if it is ok to have the classes in the Data Layer and Business Layer inherit from the types I define in Model Layer. This way I can extended the types as needed in my Business Layer with any new properties I see fit. I might not use every property from the Model type in my Business Layer class but is that really a big deal? If this isn't clear enough I can try and put together an example.

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• Database Design Composite Keys

  - by guazz

  I am going to use a contrived example: one headquarter has one-or-many contacts. A contact can only belong to one headquarter. TableName = Headquarter Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = Name : nvarchar(100) Column 2 = IsAnotherAttribute: bool TableName = ContactInformation Column 0 = Id : Guid [PK] Column 1 = HeadquarterId: Guid [FK] Column 2 = AddressLine1 COlumn 3 = AddressLine2 Column 4 = AddressLine3 I would like some help setting the table primary keys and foreign keys here? How does the above look? Should I use a composite key for ContactInformation on [Column 0 and Column1]? Is it ok to use surrogate key all of the time?

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• Subroutine & GoTo design

  - by sub

  I have a strange question concerning subroutines: As I'm creating a minimal language and I don't want to add high-level loops like while or for I was planning on just adding gotos to keep it Turing-Complete. Now I thought, eww - gotos - I wouldn't want to program in that language if I had to use gotos so often. So I thought about adding subroutines instead. I see the difference as the following: gotos Go to (captain obvious) a previously defined point and continue executing the program from there. Leads to hardly understandable and buggy code, I think that's a fact. subroutines Similiar: You define their starting point somewhere, as you call them the program jumps there - but the subroutine can go back to the point it was called from with return. Okay. Why didn't I just add the more function-like, nice looking subroutines? Because: In order to make return work if I call subroutines from within subroutines from within other subroutines, I'd have to use a stack containing the point where the currently running subroutine came from at top. That would then mean that I would, if I create loops using the subroutines, end up with an extremely memory-eating, overflowing stack with return locations. Not good. Don't think of my subroutines as functions. They are just gotos that return to the point they were called from, they don't actually give back values like the return x; statement in nearly all today's languages. Now to my actual questions: How can I solve the above problem with the stack overflow on loops with subroutines? Do I have to add a separate goto language construct without the return option? Assembler doesn't have loops but as I have seen myJumpPoint:, jnz, jz, retn. That means to me that there must also be a stack containing all the return locations. Am I right with that? What about long running loops then? Don't they overflow the stack/eat memory then? Am I getting the retn symbol in assembler totally wrong? If yes, please explain it to me.

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• Design pattern to use instead of multiple inheritance

  - by mizipzor

  Coming from a C++ background, Im used to multiple inheritance. I like the feeling of a shotgun squarely aimed at my foot. Nowadays, I work more in C# and Java, where you can only inherit one baseclass but implement any number of interfaces (did I get the terminology right?). For example, lets consider two classes that implement a common interface but different (yet required) baseclasses: public class TypeA : CustomButtonUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } public class TypeB : CustomTextUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } Both classes are UserControls so I cant substitute the base class. Both needs to implement the DoMagic function. My problem now is that both implementations of the function are identical. And I hate copy-and-paste code. The (possible) solutions: I naturally want TypeA and TypeB to share a common baseclass, where I can write that identical function definition just once. However, due to having the limit of just one baseclass, I cant find a place along the hierarchy where it fits. One could also try to implement a sort of composite pattern. Putting the DoMagic function in a separate helper class, but the function here needs (and modifies) quite a lot of internal variables/fields. Sending them all as (reference) parameters would just look bad. My gut tells me that the adapter pattern could have a place here, some class to convert between the two when necessery. But it also feels hacky. I tagged this with language-agnostic since it applies to all languages that use this one-baseclass-many-interfaces approach. Also, please point out if I seem to have misunderstood any of the patterns I named. In C++ I would just make a class with the private fields, that function implementation and put it in the inheritance list. Whats the proper approach in C#/Java and the like?

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• Java annotations for design patterns?

  - by Greg Mattes

  Is there a project that maintains annotations for patterns? For example, when I write a builder, I want to mark it with @Builder. Annotating in this way immediately provides a clear idea of what the code implements. Also, the Javadoc of the @Builder annotation can reference explanations of the builder pattern. Furthermore, navigating from the Javadoc of a builder implementation to @Builder Javadoc is made easy by annotating @Builder with @Documented. I've being slowing accumulating a small set of such annotations for patterns and idioms that I have in my code, but I'd like to leverage a more complete existing project if it exists. If there is no such project, maybe I can share what I have by spinning it off to a separate pattern/idiom annotation project. Update: I've created the Pattern Notes project in response to this discussion. Contributions welcome! Here is @Builder

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• Design Patterns - Factory vs Abstract Factory

  - by JMSA

  What is the basic difference between Factory and Abstract Factory Patterns?

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• using PHP for "Fluid" design(using viewport resolution)

  - by Jreeter

  I need some opinions on using PHP to make completely "scalable" websites.. For instance, using viewport resolution and resizing images, applying dynamic css styles..... In my mind doing this just add's to the complexity and should not be done, it should be fixed or fluid using strictly css and no server-side languages to generate layouts based on the device size.. I need some input and maybe some philosophy on why using this approach is not used at all..

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• Design a GUI browser to view a tree

  - by iamrohitbanga

  I have a large tree. I want to be able to visualize it using a GUI tool. I want the ability to pan and zoom the tree image so that i can focus on part of the tree. Is there an existing tool to achieve this? If not i would like to write a small tool for myself to be able to do this. what is the simplest way of doing this? what computer language should i use? the image should look something like http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Binary_tree.png I should be able to zoom and pan the image.

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• Design question what pattern to use

  - by rahul

  Problem Description: We have a requirement of storing the snapshot of an entity temporarily in the database untill a certain period of time untill all the processes to approve the data are completed. Once all approvals are completed the data shall be permanantly persisted into the actual table. Example: 1) Consider an entity called "User". One way to create the user is through the "Create Account Process". 2) The "Create Account Process" shall capture all the information of the User and store it in a temporary table in the database. 3) The data shall be used by the "Account Approval Process" to run its verification process. 4. After all the verification is completed successfully, the User data shall be persisted to the actual table. Question: Where to store the user data entered during "Create Account Process". Additionally, User data should be editable till the verification process is complete.

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• How to design this class hierarchy?

  - by devoured elysium

  I have defined an Event class: Event and all the following classes inherit from Event: AEvent BEvent CEvent DEvent Now, with the info I gather from all these Event classes, I will make a chart. With AEvent and BEvent, I will generate points for that chart, while with CEvent and DEvent I will paint certain regions of the chart. Now, how should I signal this in my class hierarchy? Should I make AEvent and BEvent inherit from PointEvent while CEvent and DEvent inherit from RegionEvent, being that both RegionEvent and PointEvent inherit from Event? Should I add a field with an Enum to Event with 2 values, Point and Region, and each of the child classes set their value to it? Should I use some kind of pattern here? Which one? Thanks.

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• Buddy List: Relational Database Table Design

  - by huntaub

  So, the modern concept of the buddy list: Let's say we have a table called Person. Now, that Person needs to have many buddies (of which each buddy is also in the person class). The most obvious way to construct a relationship would be through a join table. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 3 6 But, when a user wants to see their buddy list, the program would have to check the column 'person1_id' and 'person2_id' to find all of their buddies. Is this the appropriate way to implement this kind of table, or would it be better to add the record twice.. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 2 1 So that only one column has to be searched. Thanks in advance.

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• Following Domain Driven Design with MVVM/WPF

  - by msfanboy

  Hello, I have plain POCOs here and as INotifyPropertyChanged is a Interface for the Views need its implemented in the ViewModel not the Model. Now I want to show validation errors in the View beside every textbox the user typed in data. I do not want to implemented the IDataErrorInfo interface in my Models because lets assume I am not allowed to touch them as they come from another Service/Supplier. I do not want to put my IsCustomerFirstNameLenthValid Method into the Model because I could not have access to it or I just dont want to pollute my Models with interface`s having nothing to do there! How can I validate my naked POCO`s in the ViewModel and forward the results to the View by showing validation errors ?

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• Database design for heavy timed data logging

  - by user293995

  Hi, I have an application where I receive each data 40.000 rows. I have 5 million rows to handle (500 Mb MySQL 5.0 database). Actually, thoses rows are stored in the same table = slow to update, hard to backup, ... Which king of scheme is used in such application to allow long term accessibility to the datas without problems with too big tables, easy backup, fast read / write ? Is postgresql better than mysql for such purpose ? Thanks in advance BEst regards

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• Tag, comment, rating, etc. database design

  - by Efe Kaptan

  I want to implement modules such as comment, rating, tag, etc. to my entities. What I thought was: comments_table - comment_id, comment_text entity1 - entitity1_id, entity1_text entity2 - entitity2_id, entity2_text entity1_comments - entity1_id, comment_id entity2_comments - entity2_id, comment_id .... Is this approach correct?

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• DB Design Question

  - by hazimdikenli

  I am designing an Org Chart, model is almost ready and simplified a bit for clarity here. OrgUnit (OrgUnitId, Name, ReportsToOrgUnitId, ...) OrgUnitJobs (OrgUnitJobId, OrgUnitId, JobName, ReportsToOrgUnitJobId, ... ,IsJobGroup) Employee (EmployeeId, ........) OrgUnitJobEmployee (OrgUnitJobId, EmployeeId, AssignedDate, .....,) so I want to know every OrgUnit's ManagerEmployee (should have one), and Employees can have more than one job, but one of them has to be the main job, so I know whats his manager and other stuff. This is going to support a little workflow behind the scnese, so that is why it is not a very simple Org chart Model. so what would you do, would you add properties like (IsManager property to OrgUnitJobs model) or add ManagerOrgUnitJobId to OrgUnitModel. and why? Likewise, for employees would you add IsPrimaryJob property to OrgUnitJobEmployee model, or add PrimaryJobId to Employee Model.

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• quantity of measurable units design pattern

  - by Berryl

  Hello I am thinking through a nice pattern to be useful across domains of measurable units (ie, Length, Time) and came up with the following use case and initial classes, and of course, questions! 1) Does a Composite pattern help or complicate? 2) Should the Convert method(s) in the ComposityNode be a separate converter class? All comments appreciated. Cheers, Berryl Example Use Case: var inch = new ConvertableUnit("inch", 1) var foot = new ConvertableUnit("foot", 12) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("imperial units", .024) imperialUnits.AddChild(inch) imperialUnits.AddChild(foot) var meter = new ConvertableUnit("meter", 1) var millimeter = new ConvertableUnit("millimeter ", .001) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("metric units", 1) imperialUnits.AddChild(meter) imperialUnits.AddChild(millimeter) var oneInch = new Quantity(1, inch); var oneFoot = new Quantity(1, foot); oneFoot.ToBase() // "12 inches" var oneMeter = new Quantity(1, meter); oneInch.ToBase() // .024 meters Possible Solution ConvertableUnit : Node double Rate string Name Quantity ConvertableUnit Unit double Amount CompositeConvertableUnit : Node ISet<ConvertableUnit> _children ConvertableUnit BaseUnit {get{ return _children.Where(c=>c.Rate == 1).First() } } Quantity ConvertTo(Quantity from, Quantity to) Quantity ToBase(Quantity from);

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• Facebook database design?

  - by Marin

  I have always wondered how Facebook designed the friend <- user relation. I figure the user table is something like this: user_email PK user_id PK password I figure the table with user's data (sex, age etc connected via user email I would assume). How does it connect all the friends to this user? Something like this? user_id friend_id_1 friend_id_2 friend_id_3 friend_id_N Probably not. Because the number of users is unknown and will expand.

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• Book for Anti Design Patterns

  - by Pranali Desai

  I have heard a lot about anti patterns and would like to read a book on this,which book would you suggest for Anti patterns.

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• MongoDB Schema Design - Real-time Chat

  - by Nick

  I'm starting a project which I think will be particularly suited to MongoDB due to the speed and scalability it affords. The module I'm currently interested in is to do with real-time chat. If I was to do this in a traditional RDBMS I'd split it out into: Channel (A channel has many users) User (A user has one channel but many messages) Message (A message has a user) The the purpose of this use case, I'd like to assume that there will be typically 5 channels active at one time, each handling at most 5 messages per second. Specific queries that need to be fast: Fetch new messages (based on an bookmark, time stamp maybe, or an incrementing counter?) Post a message to a channel Verify that a user can post in a channel Bearing in mind that the document limit with MongoDB is 4mb, how would you go about designing the schema? What would yours look like? Are there any gotchas I should watch out for?

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• Design Patterns: What's the antithesis of Front Controller?

  - by Brian Lacy

  I'm familiar with the Front Controller pattern, in which all events/requests are processed through a single centralized controller. But what would you call it when you wish to keep the various parts of an application separate at the presentation layer as well? My first thought was "Facade" but it turns out that's something entirely different. In my particular case, I'm converting an application from a sprawling procedural mess to a clean MVC architecture, but it's a long-term process -- we need to keep things separated as much as possible to facilitate a slow integration with the rest of the system. Our application is web-based, built in PHP, so for instance, we have an "index.php" and an IndexController, a "account.php" and an AccountController, a "dashboard.php" and DashboardController, and so on.

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• How should I design my MYSQL table/s?

  - by yaya3

  I built a really basic php/mysql site for an architect that uses one 'projects' table. The website showcases various projects that he has worked on. Each project contained one piece of text and one series of images. Original projects table (create syntax): CREATE TABLE `projects` ( `project_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, `project_name` text, `project_text` text, `image_filenames` text, `image_folder` text, `project_pdf` text, PRIMARY KEY (`project_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; The client now requires the following, and I'm not sure how to handle the expansions in my DB. My suspicion is that I will need an additional table. Each project now have 'pages'. Pages either contain... One image One "piece" of text One image and one piece of text. Each page could use one of three layouts. As each project does not currently have more than 4 pieces of text (a very risky assumption) I have expanded the original table to accommodate everything. New projects table attempt (create syntax): CREATE TABLE `projects` ( `project_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `project_name` text, `project_pdf` text, `project_image_folder` text, `project_img_filenames` text, `pages_with_text` text, `pages_without_img` text, `pages_layout_type` text, `pages_title` text, `page_text_a` text, `page_text_b` text, `page_text_c` text, `page_text_d` text, PRIMARY KEY (`project_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; In trying to learn more about MYSQL table structuring I have just read an intro to normalization and A Simple Guide to Five Normal Forms in Relational Database Theory. I'm going to keep reading! Thanks in advance

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• I am looking for any great books on design patterns (except of GoF)

  - by eriks

  On what books you can recommend me?

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