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• Use CompiledQuery.Compile to improve LINQ to SQL performance

  - by Michael Freidgeim

  After reading DLinq (Linq to SQL) Performance and in particular Part 4  I had a few questions. If CompiledQuery.Compile gives so much benefits, why not to do it for all Linq To Sql queries? Is any essential disadvantages of compiling all select queries? What are conditions, when compiling makes whose performance, for how much percentage? World be good to have default on application config level or on DBML level to specify are all select queries to be compiled? And the same questions about Entity Framework CompiledQuery Class. However in comments I’ve found answer  of the author ricom 6 Jul 2007 3:08 AM Compiling the query makes it durable. There is no need for this, nor is there any desire, unless you intend to run that same query many times. SQL provides regular select statements, prepared select statements, and stored procedures for a reason.  Linq now has analogs. Also from 10 Tips to Improve your LINQ to SQL Application Performance   If you are using CompiledQuery make sure that you are using it more than once as it is more costly than normal querying for the first time. The resulting function coming as a CompiledQuery is an object, having the SQL statement and the delegate to apply it.  And your delegate has the ability to replace the variables (or parameters) in the resulting query. However I feel that many developers are not informed enough about benefits of Compile. I think that tools like FxCop and Resharper should check the queries  and suggest if compiling is recommended. Related Articles for LINQ to SQL: MSDN How to: Store and Reuse Queries (LINQ to SQL) 10 Tips to Improve your LINQ to SQL Application Performance Related Articles for Entity Framework: MSDN: CompiledQuery Class Exploring the Performance of the ADO.NET Entity Framework - Part 1 Exploring the Performance of the ADO.NET Entity Framework – Part 2 ADO.NET Entity Framework 4.0: Making it fast through Compiled Query

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• What is wrong with my game loop/mechanic?

  - by elias94xx

  I'm currently working on a 2d sidescrolling game prototype in HTML5 canvas. My implementations so far include a sprite, vector, loop and ticker class/object. Which can be viewed here: http://elias-schuett.de/apps/_experiments/2d_ssg/js/ So my game essentially works well on todays lowspec PC's and laptops. But it does not on an older win xp machine I own and on my Android 2.3 device. I tend to get ~10 FPS with these devices which results in a too high delta value, which than automaticly gets fixed to 1.0 which results in a slow loop. Now I know for a fact that there is a way to implement a super smooth 60 or 30 FPS loop on both devices. Best example would be: http://playbiolab.com/ I don't need all the chunk and debugging technology impact.js offers. I could even write a super simple game where you just control a damn square and it still wouldn't run on a equally fast 30 or 60 fps. Here is the Loop class/object I'm using. It requires a requestAnimationFrame unify function. Both devices I've tested my game on support requestAnimationFrame, so there is no interval fallback. var Loop = function(callback) { this.fps = null; this.delta = 1; this.lastTime = +new Date; this.callback = callback; this.request = null; }; Loop.prototype.start = function() { var _this = this; this.request = requestAnimationFrame(function(now) { _this.start(); _this.delta = (now - _this.lastTime); _this.fps = 1000/_this.delta; _this.delta = _this.delta / (1000/60) > 2 ? 1 : _this.delta / (1000/60); _this.lastTime = now; _this.callback(); }); }; Loop.prototype.stop = function() { cancelAnimationFrame(this.request); };

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• PerlRegEx vs RegularExpressionsCore Delphi Units

  - by Jan Goyvaerts

  The RegularExpressionsCore unit that is part of Delphi XE is based on the latest class-based PerlRegEx unit that I developed. Embarcadero only made a few changes to the unit. These changes are insignificant enough that code written for earlier versions of Delphi using the class-based PerlRegEx unit will work just the same with Delphi XE. The unit was renamed from PerlRegEx to RegularExpressionsCore. When migrating your code to Delphi XE, you can choose whether you want to use the new RegularExpressionsCore unit or continue using the PerlRegEx unit in your application. All you need to change is which unit you add to the uses clause in your own units. Indentation and line breaks in the code were changed to match the style used in the Delphi RTL and VCL code. This does not change the code, but makes it harder to diff the two units. Literal strings in the unit were separated into their own unit called RegularExpressionsConsts. These strings are only used for error messages that indicate bugs in your code. If your code uses TPerlRegEx correctly then the user should not see any of these strings. My code uses assertions to check for out of bounds parameters, while Embarcadero uses exceptions. Again, if you use TPerlRegEx correctly, you should never get any assertions or exceptions. The Compile method raises an exception if the regular expression is invalid in both my original TPerlRegEx component and Embarcadero’s version. If your code allows the user to provide the regular expression, you should explicitly call Compile and catch any exceptions it raises so you can tell the user there is a problem with the regular expression. Even with user-provided regular expressions, you shouldn’t get any other assertions or exceptions if your code is correct. Note that Embarcadero owns all the rights to their RegularExpressionsCore unit. Like all the other RTL and VCL units, this unit cannot be distributed by myself or anyone other than Embarcadero. I do retain the rights to my original PerlRegEx unit which I will continue to make available for those using older versions of Delphi.

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• Take care to unhook Anonymous Delegates

  - by David Vallens

  Anonymous delegates are great, they elimiante the need for lots of small classes that just pass values around, however care needs to be taken when using them, as they are not automatically unhooked when the function you created them in returns. In fact after it returns there is no way to unhook them. Consider the following code.   using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Diagnostics; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { SimpleEventSource t = new SimpleEventSource(); t.FireEvent(); FunctionWithAnonymousDelegate(t); t.FireEvent(); } private static void FunctionWithAnonymousDelegate(SimpleEventSource t) { t.MyEvent += delegate(object sender, EventArgs args) { Debug.WriteLine("Anonymous delegate called"); }; t.FireEvent(); } } public class SimpleEventSource { public event EventHandler MyEvent; public void FireEvent() { if (MyEvent == null) { Debug.WriteLine("Attempting to fire event - but no ones listening"); } else { Debug.WriteLine("Firing event"); MyEvent(this, EventArgs.Empty); } } } } If you expected the anonymous delegates do die with the function that created it then you would expect the output Attempting to fire event - but no ones listeningFiring eventAnonymous delegate calledAttempting to fire event - but no ones listening However what you actually get is Attempting to fire event - but no ones listeningFiring eventAnonymous delegate calledFiring eventAnonymous delegate called In my example the issue is just slowing things down, but if your delegate modifies objects, then you could end up with dificult to diagnose bugs. A solution to this problem is to unhook the delegate within the function var myDelegate = delegate(){Console.WriteLine("I did it!");}; MyEvent += myDelegate; // .... later MyEvent -= myDelegate;

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• Using PreApplicationStartMethod for ASP.NET 4.0 Application to Initialize assemblies

  - by ChrisD

  Sometimes your ASP.NET application needs to hook up some code before even the Application is started. Assemblies supports a custom attribute called PreApplicationStartMethod which can be applied to any assembly that should be loaded to your ASP.NET application, and the ASP.NET engine will call the method you specify within it before actually running any of code defined in the application. Lets discuss how to use it using Steps : 1. Add an assembly to an application and add this custom attribute to the AssemblyInfo.cs. Remember, the method you speicify for initialize should be public static void method without any argument. Lets define a method Initialize. You need to write : [assembly:PreApplicationStartMethod(typeof(MyInitializer.InitializeType), "InitializeApp")] 2. After you define this to an assembly you need to add some code inside InitializeType.InitializeApp method within the assembly. public static class InitializeType {     public static void InitializeApp()     {           // Initialize application     } } 3. You must reference this class library so that when the application starts and ASP.NET starts loading the dependent assemblies, it will call the method InitializeApp automatically. Warning Even though you can use this attribute easily, you should be aware that you can define these kind of method in all of your assemblies that you reference, but there is no guarantee in what order each of the method to be called. Hence it is recommended to define this method to be isolated and without side effect of other dependent assemblies. The method InitializeApp will be called way before the Application_start event or even before the App_code is compiled. This attribute is mainly used to write code for registering assemblies or build providers. Read Documentation I hope this post would come helpful.

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• Generic Repositories with DI & Data Intensive Controllers

  - by James

  Usually, I consider a large number of parameters as an alarm bell that there may be a design problem somewhere. I am using a Generic Repository for an ASP.NET application and have a Controller with a growing number of parameters. public class GenericRepository<T> : IRepository<T> where T : class { protected DbContext Context { get; set; } protected DbSet<T> DbSet { get; set; } public GenericRepository(DbContext context) { Context = context; DbSet = context.Set<T>(); } ...//methods excluded to keep the question readable } I am using a DI container to pass in the DbContext to the generic repository. So far, this has met my needs and there are no other concrete implmentations of IRepository<T>. However, I had to create a dashboard which uses data from many Entities. There was also a form containing a couple of dropdown lists. Now using the generic repository this makes the parameter requirments grow quickly. The Controller will end up being something like public HomeController(IRepository<EntityOne> entityOneRepository, IRepository<EntityTwo> entityTwoRepository, IRepository<EntityThree> entityThreeRepository, IRepository<EntityFour> entityFourRepository, ILogError logError, ICurrentUser currentUser) { } It has about 6 IRepositories plus a few others to include the required data and the dropdown list options. In my mind this is too many parameters. From a performance point of view, there is only 1 DBContext per request and the DI container will serve the same DbContext to all of the Repositories. From a code standards/readability point of view it's ugly. Is there a better way to handle this situation? Its a real world project with real world time constraints so I will not dwell on it too long, but from a learning perspective it would be good to see how such situations are handled by others.

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• Why do memory-managed languages retain the `new` keyword?

  - by Channel72

  The new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# creates a new instance of a class. This syntax seems to have been inherited from C++, where new is used specifically to allocate a new instance of a class on the heap, and return a pointer to the new instance. In C++, this is not the only way to construct an object. You can also construct an object on the stack, without using new - and in fact, this way of constructing objects is much more common in C++. So, coming from a C++ background, the new keyword in languages like Java, Javascript, and C# seemed natural and obvious to me. Then I started to learn Python, which doesn't have the new keyword. In Python, an instance is constructed simply by calling the constructor, like: f = Foo() At first, this seemed a bit off to me, until it occurred to me that there's no reason for Python to have new, because everything is an object so there's no need to disambiguate between various constructor syntaxes. But then I thought - what's really the point of new in Java? Why should we say Object o = new Object();? Why not just Object o = Object();? In C++ there's definitely a need for new, since we need to distinguish between allocating on the heap and allocating on the stack, but in Java all objects are constructed on the heap, so why even have the new keyword? The same question could be asked for Javascript. In C#, which I'm much less familiar with, I think new may have some purpose in terms of distinguishing between object types and value types, but I'm not sure. Regardless, it seems to me that many languages which came after C++ simply "inherited" the new keyword - without really needing it. It's almost like a vestigial keyword. We don't seem to need it for any reason, and yet it's there. Question: Am I correct about this? Or is there some compelling reason that new needs to be in C++-inspired memory-managed languages like Java, Javascript and C#?

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• XNA shield effect with a Primative sphere problem

  - by Sparky41

  I'm having issue with a shield effect i'm trying to develop. I want to do a shield effect that surrounds part of a model like this: http://i.imgur.com/jPvrf.png I currently got this: http://i.imgur.com/Jdin7.png (The red likes are a simple texture a black background with a red cross in it, for testing purposes: http://i.imgur.com/ODtzk.png where the smaller cross in the middle shows the contact point) This sphere is drawn via a primitive (DrawIndexedPrimitives) This is how i calculate the pieces of the sphere using a class i've called Sphere (this class is based off the code here: http://xbox.create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/primitives_3d) public class Sphere { // During the process of constructing a primitive model, vertex // and index data is stored on the CPU in these managed lists. List vertices = new List(); List indices = new List(); // Once all the geometry has been specified, the InitializePrimitive // method copies the vertex and index data into these buffers, which // store it on the GPU ready for efficient rendering. VertexBuffer vertexBuffer; IndexBuffer indexBuffer; BasicEffect basicEffect; public Vector3 position = Vector3.Zero; public Matrix RotationMatrix = Matrix.Identity; public Texture2D texture; /// <summary> /// Constructs a new sphere primitive, /// with the specified size and tessellation level. /// </summary> public Sphere(float diameter, int tessellation, Texture2D text, float up, float down, float portstar, float frontback) { texture = text; if (tessellation < 3) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("tessellation"); int verticalSegments = tessellation; int horizontalSegments = tessellation * 2; float radius = diameter / 2; // Start with a single vertex at the bottom of the sphere. AddVertex(Vector3.Down * ((radius / up) + 1), Vector3.Down, Vector2.Zero);//bottom position5 // Create rings of vertices at progressively higher latitudes. for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 1; i++) { float latitude = ((i + 1) * MathHelper.Pi / verticalSegments) - MathHelper.PiOver2; float dy = (float)Math.Sin(latitude / up);//(up)5 float dxz = (float)Math.Cos(latitude); // Create a single ring of vertices at this latitude. for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { float longitude = j * MathHelper.TwoPi / horizontalSegments; float dx = (float)(Math.Cos(longitude) * dxz) / portstar;//port and starboard (right)2 float dz = (float)(Math.Sin(longitude) * dxz) * frontback;//front and back1.4 Vector3 normal = new Vector3(dx, dy, dz); AddVertex(normal * radius, normal, new Vector2(j, i)); } } // Finish with a single vertex at the top of the sphere. AddVertex(Vector3.Up * ((radius / down) + 1), Vector3.Up, Vector2.One);//top position5 // Create a fan connecting the bottom vertex to the bottom latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { AddIndex(0); AddIndex(1 + (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); AddIndex(1 + i); } // Fill the sphere body with triangles joining each pair of latitude rings. for (int i = 0; i < verticalSegments - 2; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < horizontalSegments; j++) { int nextI = i + 1; int nextJ = (j + 1) % horizontalSegments; AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + j); AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); AddIndex(1 + i * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + nextJ); AddIndex(1 + nextI * horizontalSegments + j); } } // Create a fan connecting the top vertex to the top latitude ring. for (int i = 0; i < horizontalSegments; i++) { AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 1); AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - (i + 1) % horizontalSegments); AddIndex(CurrentVertex - 2 - i); } //InitializePrimitive(graphicsDevice); } /// <summary> /// Adds a new vertex to the primitive model. This should only be called /// during the initialization process, before InitializePrimitive. /// </summary> protected void AddVertex(Vector3 position, Vector3 normal, Vector2 texturecoordinate) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionNormal(position, normal, texturecoordinate)); } /// <summary> /// Adds a new index to the primitive model. This should only be called /// during the initialization process, before InitializePrimitive. /// </summary> protected void AddIndex(int index) { if (index > ushort.MaxValue) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("index"); indices.Add((ushort)index); } /// <summary> /// Queries the index of the current vertex. This starts at /// zero, and increments every time AddVertex is called. /// </summary> protected int CurrentVertex { get { return vertices.Count; } } public void InitializePrimitive(GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { // Create a vertex declaration, describing the format of our vertex data. // Create a vertex buffer, and copy our vertex data into it. vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(graphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionNormal), vertices.Count, BufferUsage.None); vertexBuffer.SetData(vertices.ToArray()); // Create an index buffer, and copy our index data into it. indexBuffer = new IndexBuffer(graphicsDevice, typeof(ushort), indices.Count, BufferUsage.None); indexBuffer.SetData(indices.ToArray()); // Create a BasicEffect, which will be used to render the primitive. basicEffect = new BasicEffect(graphicsDevice); //basicEffect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } /// <summary> /// Draws the primitive model, using the specified effect. Unlike the other /// Draw overload where you just specify the world/view/projection matrices /// and color, this method does not set any renderstates, so you must make /// sure all states are set to sensible values before you call it. /// </summary> public void Draw(Effect effect) { GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice = effect.GraphicsDevice; // Set our vertex declaration, vertex buffer, and index buffer. graphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer); graphicsDevice.Indices = indexBuffer; graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive; foreach (EffectPass effectPass in effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { effectPass.Apply(); int primitiveCount = indices.Count / 3; graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 0, vertices.Count, 0, primitiveCount); } graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; } /// <summary> /// Draws the primitive model, using a BasicEffect shader with default /// lighting. Unlike the other Draw overload where you specify a custom /// effect, this method sets important renderstates to sensible values /// for 3D model rendering, so you do not need to set these states before /// you call it. /// </summary> public void Draw(Camera camera, Color color) { // Set BasicEffect parameters. basicEffect.World = GetWorld(); basicEffect.View = camera.view; basicEffect.Projection = camera.projection; basicEffect.DiffuseColor = color.ToVector3(); basicEffect.TextureEnabled = true; basicEffect.Texture = texture; GraphicsDevice device = basicEffect.GraphicsDevice; device.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default; if (color.A < 255) { // Set renderstates for alpha blended rendering. device.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; } else { // Set renderstates for opaque rendering. device.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; } // Draw the model, using BasicEffect. Draw(basicEffect); } public virtual Matrix GetWorld() { return /*world */ Matrix.CreateScale(1f) * RotationMatrix * Matrix.CreateTranslation(position); } } public struct VertexPositionNormal : IVertexType { public Vector3 Position; public Vector3 Normal; public Vector2 TextureCoordinate; /// <summary> /// Constructor. /// </summary> public VertexPositionNormal(Vector3 position, Vector3 normal, Vector2 textCoor) { Position = position; Normal = normal; TextureCoordinate = textCoor; } /// <summary> /// A VertexDeclaration object, which contains information about the vertex /// elements contained within this struct. /// </summary> public static readonly VertexDeclaration VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration ( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(12, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0), new VertexElement(24, VertexElementFormat.Vector2, VertexElementUsage.TextureCoordinate, 0) ); VertexDeclaration IVertexType.VertexDeclaration { get { return VertexPositionNormal.VertexDeclaration; } } } A simple call to the class to initialise it. The Draw method is called in the master draw method in the Gamecomponent. My current thoughts on this are: The direction of the weapon hitting the ship is used to get the middle position for the texture Wrap a texture around the drawn sphere based on this point of contact Problem is i'm not sure how to do this. Can anyone help or if you have a better idea please tell me i'm open for opinion? :-) Thanks.

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• Strange and erratic transformations when using OpenGL VBOs to render scene

  - by janoside

  I have an existing iOS game with fairly simple scenes (all textured quads) and I'm using Apple's "Texture2D" class. I'm trying to convert this class to use VBOs since the vertices of my objects basically never change so I may as well not re-create them for every object every frame. I have the scene rendering using VBOs but the sizes and orientations of all rendered objects are strange and erratic - though locations seem generally correct. I've been toying with this code for a few days now, and I've found something odd: if I re-create all of my VBOs each frame, everything looks correct, even though I'm almost certain my vertices are not changing. Other notes I'm basing my work on this tutorial, and therefore am also using "IBOs" I create my buffers before rendering begins My buffers include vertex and texture data I'm using OpenGL ES 1.1 Fearing some strange effect of the current matrix GL state at the time of buffer creation I've also tried wrapping my buffer-setup code in a "pushMatrix-loadIdentity-popMatrix" block which (as expected) had no effect I'm aware that various articles have been published demonstrating that VBOs may not help performance, but I want to understand this problem and at least have the option to use them. I realize this is a shot in the dark, but has anyone else experienced this type of strange behavior? What might I be doing to result in this behavior? It's rather difficult for me to isolate the problem since I'm working in an existing, moderately complex project, so suggestions about how to approach the problem are also quite welcome.

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• Checking preconditions or not

  - by Robert Dailey

  I've been wanting to find a solid answer to the question of whether or not to have runtime checks to validate input for the purposes of ensuring a client has stuck to their end of the agreement in design by contract. For example, consider a simple class constructor: class Foo { public: Foo( BarHandle bar ) { FooHandle handle = GetFooHandle( bar ); if( handle == NULL ) { throw std::exception( "invalid FooHandle" ); } } }; I would argue in this case that a user should not attempt to construct a Foo without a valid BarHandle. It doesn't seem right to verify that bar is valid inside of Foo's constructor. If I simply document that Foo's constructor requires a valid BarHandle, isn't that enough? Is this a proper way to enforce my precondition in design by contract? So far, everything I've read has mixed opinions on this. It seems like 50% of people would say to verify that bar is valid, the other 50% would say that I shouldn't do it, for example consider a case where the user verifies their BarHandle is correct, but a second (and unnecessary) check is also being done inside of Foo's constructor.

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• Nested entities in Google App Engine. Do I do it right?

  - by Aleksandr Makov

  Trying to make most of the GAE Datastore entities concept, but some doubts drill my head. Say I have the model: class User(ndb.Model): email = ndb.StringProperty(indexed=True) password = ndb.StringProperty(indexed=False) first_name = ndb.StringProperty(indexed=False) last_name = ndb.StringProperty(indexed=False) created_at = ndb.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) @classmethod def key(cls, email): return ndb.Key(User, email) @classmethod def Add(cls, email, password, first_name, last_name): user = User(parent=cls.key(email), email=email, password=password, first_name=first_name, last_name=last_name) user.put() UserLogin.Record(email) class UserLogin(ndb.Model): time = ndb.DateTimeProperty(auto_now_add=True) @classmethod def Record(cls, user_email): login = UserLogin(parent=User.key(user_email)) login.put() And I need to keep track of times of successful login operations. Each time user logs in, an UserLogin.Record() method will be executed. Now the question — do I make it right? Thanks. EDIT 2 Ok, used the typed arguments, but then it raised this: Expected Key instance, got User(key=Key('User', 5418393301680128), created_at=datetime.datetime(2013, 6, 27, 10, 12, 25, 479928), email=u'[email protected]', first_name=u'First', last_name=u'Last', password=u'password'). It's clear to understand, but I don't get why the docs are misleading? They implicitly propose to use: # Set Employee as Address entity's parent directly... address = Address(parent=employee) But Model expects key. And what's worse the parent=user.key() swears that key() isn't callable. And I found out the user.key works. EDIT 1 After reading the example form the docs and trying to replicate it — I got type error: TypeError('Model constructor takes no positional arguments.'). This is the exacto code used: user = User('[email protected]', 'password', 'First', 'Last') user.put() stamp = UserLogin(parent=user) stamp.put() I understand that Model was given the wrong argument, BUT why it's in the docs?

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• Android: how do I switch between game scenes in a game? Any tutorials?

  - by Flavio

  I am trying to create a simple game using the Android SDK without using AndEngine (or any other game engine). I have plenty of experience designing games from the past, but I'm having lots of trouble trying to use the Android SDK to make my game. By far my biggest hurdle right now is switching between views. That is, for example, going from the menu to the first level, etc. I am using a traditional model I learned (I think it's called a scene stack or something?) in which you push the current scene onto a stack and the game's main loop runs the top item of the stack. This model seems non-trivial to implement in the Android SDK, mostly because Android seems to be picky about which thread instantiates which view. My issue is that I want the first level to show up when you press a button on the main menu, but when I instantiate the first level (the level class extends SurfaceView and implements SurfaceHolder.Callback) I get a runtime error complaining that the thread that runs the main menu can't instantiate this class. Something about calling Looper.prepare(). I figured at this point I was probably doing things wrong. I'm not sure how to specifically phrase my issue into a question, so maybe I should leave it as either 1) Does anybody know a good way (or the 'proper' way) to switch between scenes in an Android game? or 2) Are there any tutorials out there which show how to create a game that doesn't take place entirely in one scene? (I have googled for a while to no avail... maybe someone else knows of one?) Thanks!

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• How do you structure your shared code so that it is "re-findable" for new developers?

  - by awmckinley

  I started working at my current job about 8 months ago, and its been one of the best experiences I've had as a young programmer. It's a small company, and both my co-developers are brilliant guys. One of the practices that they both have been encouraging is lots of code-reuse. Our code base is mainly C#, and we're using a centralized revision control system. The way the repository is currently structured, there is a single folder in which all shared class libraries are placed (along with unit tests for each library), and our revision control system allows for sharing or linking those libraries out to other projects. What I'm trying to understand at this point is how the current structure of the folder can be made more conducive for finding those libraries again. I've talked to the other developers about this, and they agree that it's gotten a little messy. I find that I am sometimes "reinventing the wheel" because I didn't realize that there was an existing piece of code that solved a particular problem. The issue is complicated further by the fact that we're sharing some code between ASP.NET MVC2, WinForms, and Windows CE projects, and sharing code between applications built against multiple versions of .NET. How do other people approach this? Is the answer in naming the libraries in a certain way or is it preferable to invest in some code-search software? Is the answer in doc comments? Should we be sharing libraries at all or should we simply branch the class libraries for re-use? Thanks for any and all help!

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• Pause and Resume and get the value of a countdown timer by savedInstanceState [closed]

  - by Catherine grace Balauro

  I have developed a countdown timer and I am not sure how to pause and resume the timer as the TextView for the timer is being clicked. Click to start then click again to pause and to resume, click again the timer's text view. This is my code: Timer = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.time); //TIMER Timer.setOnClickListener(TimerClickListener); counter = new MyCount(600000, 1000); }//end of create private OnClickListener TimerClickListener = new OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View v) { updateTimeTask(); } private void updateTimeTask() { if (decision==0){ counter.start(); decision=1;} else if(decision==2){ counter.onResume1(); decision=1; } else{ counter.onPause1(); decision=2; }//end if }; }; class MyCount extends CountDownTimer { public MyCount(long millisInFuture, long countDownInterval) { super(millisInFuture, countDownInterval); }//MyCount public void onResume1(){ onResume(); } public void onPause1() { onPause();} public void onFinish() { Timer.setText("00:00"); p1++; if (p1<=4){ TextView PScore = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.pscore); PScore.setText(p1 + ""); }//end if }//finish public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) { Integer milisec = new Integer(new Double(millisUntilFinished).intValue()); Integer cd_secs = milisec / 1000; Integer minutes = (cd_secs % 3600) / 60; Integer seconds = (cd_secs % 3600) % 60; Timer.setText(String.format("%02d", minutes) + ":" + String.format("%02d", seconds)); //long timeLeft = millisUntilFinished / 1000; }//on tick }//class MyCount protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); //handler.removeCallbacks(updateTimeTask); //handler.postDelayed(updateTimeTask, 1000); }//onResume @Override protected void onPause() { super.onPause(); //do stuff }//onPause I am only beginner in android programming and I don't know how to get the value of the countdown timer using savedInstanceState. How do I do this?

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• Ways to organize interface and implementation in C++

  - by Felix Dombek

  I've seen that there are several different paradigms in C++ concerning what goes into the header file and what to the cpp file. AFAIK, most people, especially those from a C background, do: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar(); public: foo(); foo(const foo&); foo& operator=(foo); ~foo(); } foo.cpp #include foo.h foo::bar() { return mem; } foo::foo() { mem = 42; } foo::foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } foo::~foo() {} int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { foo f; } However, my lecturers usually teach C++ to beginners like this: foo.h class foo { private: int mem; int bar() { return mem; } public: foo() { mem = 42; } foo(const foo& f) { mem = f.mem; } foo& operator=(foo f) { mem = f.mem; } ~foo() {} } foo.cpp #include foo.h int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { foo f; } // other global helper functions, DLL exports, and whatnot Originally coming from Java, I have also always stuck to this second way for several reasons, such as that I only have to change something in one place if the interface or method names change, that I like the different indentation of things in classes when I look at their implementation, and that I find names more readable as foo compared to foo::foo. I want to collect pro's and con's for either way. Maybe there are even still other ways? One disadvantage of my way is of course the need for occasional forward declarations.

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• What conventions or frameworks exist for MVVM in Perl?

  - by Will Sheppard

  We're using Catalyst to render lots of webforms in what will become a large application. I don't like the way all the form data is confusingly into a big hash in the Controller, before being passed to the template. It seems jumbled up and messy for the template. I'm sure there are real disadvantages that I haven't described properly... Are there? One solution is to just decide on a convention for the hash, e.g.: { defaults => { type => ['a', 'b', 'c'] }, input => { type => 'a' }, output => { message => "2 widgets found of type a", widgets => [ 'foo', 'bar' ] } } Another way is to store the page/form data as attributes in a class (a ViewModel?), and pass a whole object to the template, which it could use like this: <p class="message">[% model.message %]<p> [% FOREACH widget IN model.widgets %] Which way is more flexible for large applications? Are there any other solutions or existing Catalyst-compatible frameworks?

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• Why to say, my function is of IFly type rather than saying it's Airplane type

  - by Vishwas Gagrani

  Say, I have two classes: Airplane and Bird, both of them fly. Both implement the interface IFly. IFly declares a function StartFlying(). Thus both Airplane and Bird have to define the function, and use it as per their requirement. Now when I make a manual for class reference, what should I write for the function StartFlying? 1) StartFlying is a function of type IFly . 2) StartFlying is a function of type Airplane 3) StartFlying is a function of type Bird. My opinion is 2 and 3 are more informative. But what i see is that class references use the 1st one. They say what interface the function is declared in. Problem is, I really don't get any usable information from knowing StartFlying is IFly type. However, knowing that StartFlying is a function inside Airplane and Bird, is more informative, as I can decide which instance (Airplane or Bird ) to use. Any lights on this: how saying StartFlying is a function of type IFly, can help a programmer understanding how to use the function?

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• BCM2046B1 Bluetooth Dongle connection problem

  - by Andfoy

  Well i have a Blueooth dongle with an BCM2046 IC intrregated, my problem is that when i connect it, Ubuntu recognize it, but it don't work whe i try to scan or scan the PC from other device, i replaced the default Gnome Bluetooth manager and i installed Blueman, but the problem presists. The Bluetooth LED indicator appears to be "working". I'm using 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot hcitool dev: Devices: hci0 89:21:XX:XX:XX:XX lsusb: Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0a5c:4500 Broadcom Corp. BCM2046B1 USB 2.0 Hub (part of BCM2046 Bluetooth) Bus 002 Device 004: ID 0a5c:2100 Broadcom Corp. Bluetooth 2.0+eDR dongle hciconfig -a: hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB BD Address: 89:21:XX:XX:XX:XX ACL MTU: 1017:8 SCO MTU: 64:0 UP RUNNING PSCAN ISCAN RX bytes:1329 acl:0 sco:0 events:40 errors:0 TX bytes:671 acl:0 sco:0 commands:35 errors:0 Features: 0xff 0xff 0x8d 0xfe 0x9b 0xf9 0x00 0x80 Packet type: DM1 DM3 DM5 DH1 DH3 DH5 HV1 HV2 HV3 Link policy: RSWITCH HOLD SNIFF PARK Link mode: SLAVE ACCEPT Name: 'ubuntu-0' Class: 0x4a0100 Service Classes: Networking, Capturing, Telephony Device Class: Computer, Uncategorized HCI Version: 2.0 (0x3) Revision: 0x4000 LMP Version: 2.0 (0x3) Subversion: 0x430e Manufacturer: Broadcom Corporation (15) Sorry for my English and thanks for any hints.

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• How to implement child-parent aggregation link in C++?

  - by Giorgio

  Suppose that I have three classes P, C1, C2, composition (strong aggregation) relations between P <>- C1 and P <>- C2, i.e. every instance of P contains an instance of C1 and an instance of C2, which are destroyed when the parent P instance is destroyed. an association relation between instances of C1 and C2 (not necessarily between children of the same P). To implement this, in C++ I normally define three classes P, C1, C2, define two member variables of P of type boost::shared_ptr<C1>, boost::shared_ptr<C2>, and initialize them with newly created objects in P's constructor, implement the relation between C1 and C2 using a boost::weak_ptr<C2> member variable in C1 and a boost::weak_ptr<C1> member variable in C2 that can be set later via appropriate methods, when the relation is established. Now, I also would like to have a link from each C1 and C2 object to its P parent object. What is a good way to implement this? My current idea is to use a simple constant raw pointer (P * const) that is set from the constructor of P (which, in turn, calls the constructors of C1 and C2), i.e. something like: class C1 { public: C1(P * const p, ...) : paren(p) { ... } private: P * const parent; ... }; class P { public: P(...) : childC1(new C1(this, ...)) ... { ... } private: boost::shared_ptr<C1> childC1; ... }; Honestly I see no risk in using a private constant raw pointer in this way but I know that raw pointers are often frowned upon in C++ so I was wondering if there is an alternative solution.

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• Ensure Payroll Success with PeopleSoft Year-End Training for U.S. and Canada

  - by Breanne Cooley

  Year-end payroll processing and reporting is a requirement for your business. If you're responsible for completing these processes in either Canada or the United States using the PeopleSoft Payroll application, and if you're new to PeopleSoft Payroll or to performing these processes, consider enrolling in Oracle University's expert training. Our PeopleSoft Payroll specialists will guide you through the necessary steps to ensure you can smoothly and successfully perform your job. Training is specific to the country for which you are performing the processing and reporting. Training lasts one day and is delivered in our Live Virtual Class Format, which helps you avoid travel during this busy season. Here's the training we recommend: PeopleSoft Year-End Payroll - U.S. This course teaches you how to complete U.S. year-end processing and reporting using PeopleSoft Payroll for North America, step-by-step. Update tax reporting setup tables and update employees' income and tax records. Load each employee's year-end data into a single year-end record for processing and reporting.  Identify reports needed to reconcile the year-end data. Correct tax balances and other data as necessary. Generate final print and online W-2 forms and prepare the electronic file for the Social Security Administration.  Enter corrected W-2 information and print a W-2c form. Report periodic retirement distributions and related tax withholding amounts on form 1099-R.   Please Note: this course is intended for organizations using PeopleSoft release 8.81 or higher. PeopleSoft Year-End Payroll – Canada This course covers the steps necessary to perform Canadian year-end processing using Oracle's PeopleSoft Payroll for North America. Explore adjustments, balances, year-end slip processing, common pitfalls and errors and balancing reports.  Produce accurate year-end reporting results such as T4, T4A, RL-1 and RL-2.  Please Note: this course is intended for organizations using PeopleSoft release 8.81 or higher. See you in class! -Oracle University Marketing Team 

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• Why can't I compare two Texture2D's?

  - by Fiona

  I am trying to use an accessor, as it seems to me that that is the only way to accomplish what I want to do. Here is my code: Game1.cs public class GroundTexture { private Texture2D dirt; public Texture2D Dirt { get { return dirt; } set { dirt = value; } } } public class Main : Game { public static Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; GroundTexture groundTexture = new GroundTexture(); public static Texture2D dirt; protected override void LoadContent() { Tile tile = (Tile)currentLevel.GetTile(20, 20); dirt = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Dirt"); groundTexture.Dirt = dirt; Texture2D texture = tile.Texture; } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) { player.TileCollision(groundBounds); } base.Update(gameTime); } } I removed irrelevant information from the LoadContent and Update functions. On the following line: if (texture == groundTexture.Dirt) I am getting the error Operator '==' cannot be applied to operands of type 'Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Texture2D' and 'Game1.GroundTexture' Am I using the accessor correctly? And why do I get this error? "Dirt" is Texture2D, so they should be comparable. This using a few functions from a program called Realm Factory, which is a tile editor. The numbers "20, 20" are just a sample of the level I made below: tile.Texture returns the sprite, which here is the content item Dirt.png Thank you very much! (I posted this on the main Stackoverflow site, but after several days didn't get a response. Since it has to do mainly with Texture2D, I figured I'd ask here.)

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• How to keep track of previous scenes and return to them in libgdx

  - by MxyL

  I have three scenes: SceneTitle, SceneMenu, SceneLoad. (The difference between the title scene and the menu scene is that the title scene is what you see when you first turn on the game, and the menu scene is what you can access during the game. During the game, meaning, after you've hit "play!" in the title scene.) I provide the ability to save progress and consequently load a particular game. An issue that I've run into is being able to easily keep track of the previous scene. For example, if you enter the load scene and then decide to change your mind, the game needs to go back to where you were before; this isn't something that can be hardcoded. Now, an easy solution off the top of my head is to simply maintain a scene stack, which basically keeps track of history for me. A simple transaction would be as follows I'm currently in the menu scene, so the top of the stack is SceneMenu I go to the load scene, so the game pushes SceneLoad onto the stack. When I return from the load scene, the game pops SceneLoad off the stack and initializes the scene that's currently at the top, which is SceneMenu I'm coding in Java, so I can't simply pass around Classes as if they were objects, so I've decided implemented as enum for eac scene and put that on the stack and then have my scene managing class go through a list of if conditions to return the appropriate instance of the class. How can I implement my scene stack without having to do too much work maintaining it?

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• How do I theme the Nautilus background image?

  - by Kesymaru

  I want to change the background image in the Nautilus file browser. My idea is to put my own style in the background. I'm using Ubuntu 11.10 and Nautilus is version 3. I know that I have to change the nautilus.css file of the theme, but the problem is that there is not a parameter for the background. I just want to apply an image but I can't find the file or parameter to change it. The CSS file is in the directory /home/UserName/.theme/MyTheme/gtk-3.0/apps. I've changed the nautilus.css file. I wrote two new lines using CSS style but I don't know where the correct place is to put it. The lines are: background-image: url("carbon.jpg"); background-repeat: repeat; Obviously I put the image called carbon.jpg in the same directory of nautilus.css, but this change doesn't work because I need to know whichs class displays the Nautilus file browsing frame. If I find this class I guess that this code will work. If someone knows how to do it, please tell me because I really want to make this change.

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• Functional programming compared to OOP with classes

  - by luckysmack

  I have been interested in some of the concepts of functional programming lately. I have used OOP for some time now. I can see how I would build a fairly complex app in OOP. Each object would know how to do things that object does. Or anything it's parents class does as well. So I can simply tell Person().speak() to make the person talk. But how do I do similar things in functional programming? I see how functions are first class items. But that function only does one specific thing. Would I simply have a say() method floating around and call it with an equivalent of Person() argument so I know what kind of thing is saying something? So I can see the simple things, just how would I do the comparable of OOP and objects in functional programming, so I can modularize and organize my code base? For reference, my primary experience with OOP is Python, PHP, and some C#. The languages that I am looking at that have functional features are Scala and Haskell. Though I am leaning towards Scala. Basic Example (Python): Animal(object): def say(self, what): print(what) Dog(Animal): def say(self, what): super().say('dog barks: {0}'.format(what)) Cat(Animal): def say(self, what): super().say('cat meows: {0}'.format(what)) dog = Dog() cat = Cat() dog.say('ruff') cat.say('purr')

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• Need advice on framework design: how to make extending easy

  - by beginner_

  I'm creating a framework/library for a rather specific use-case (data type). It uses diverse spring components, including spring-data. The library has a set of entity classes properly set up and according service and dao layers. The main work or main benefit of the framework lies in the dao and service layer. Developers using the framework should be able to extend my entity classes to add additional fields they require. Therefore I made dao and service layer generic so it can be used by such extended entity classes. I now face an issue in the IO part of the framework. It must be able to import the according "special data type" into the database. In this part I need to create a new entity instance and hence need the actual class used. My current solution is to configure in spring a bean of the actual class used. The problem with this is that an application using the framework could only use 1 implementation of the entity (the original one from me or exactly 1 subclass but not 2 different classes of the same hierarchy. I'm looking for suggestions / desgins for solving this issue. Any ideas?

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