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• Ubuntu Server 12.04 start fails after update

  - by Abbgrade

  I did an system update on ubuntu server 12.04, which requestet an reboot. Since that, the system never reaches the login. It hangs on: mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory done. mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /proc on /root/proc failed: No such file or directory Target filesystem doesn't have requested /sbin/init. No init found. Try passing init= bootarg. BusyBox v1.18.5 (Ubuntu 1:1.18.5-1ubuntu4) build-in shell (ash) Enter 'help' for a list of build-in commands. (initramfs) i tried already to repair it using a live system: + Mounting the filesystems (/boot ext, / btrfs) + fsck ran without problems. + /etc/fstab seems to be OK. + apt update/upgrade on chroot succeed. now, i have no more ideas :/

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• Ubuntu not booting from USB on laptop (no optical drive)

  - by Jamie

  I'm using a Kingston 16GB USB, with the Unetbootin program. (I've tried both downloading the installation iso manually and adding it, or using the program to download.) I've tried creating the bootable USB on an iMac, the laptop and also a desktop. I've booted into the setup of the laptop and changed the boot order to make sure it boots from that drive first. (There is no optical drive so that isn't a problem.) It's an Acer Aspire AS3810TZ. Upon booting it gives this message: SYSLINUX 4.03 2010-10-22 EDD Copyright (C) 1994-2010 H. Peter Anvin et al I get this no matter how I create the USB, it just sits there. I left the laptop for an hour and it hadn't moved. I've also tried on a different 4GB USB (Generic) and that did the same.

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• Ubuntu 13.04 freezes after boot or suspend (every other time)

  - by Max

  I'm running 13.04 on Asus UL30A Process: Genuine Intel® CPU U7300 @ 1.30GHz × 2 Graphics: Mobile Intel® GM45 Express Chipset OS type: 64-bit Everything completely freezes after every other a boot or suspend. No keyboard or mouse. It happens every other time. It freezes, I reboot and it works work. Next time I will reboot, it will freeze again. This never happened with 12.10. Any advice on how to fix this?

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• Multiple OS's and GRUB chainloading

  - by Kent

  Hi, I want to have multiple OS installations and I have been advised that chain loading using GRUB is a good way to handle this. I have looked at tutorials on the web but I still have some questions before I can start. I want: Windows XP: 20 GB. For running some school stuff and a game which does not work through WINE. Xubuntu 9.04: 85 GB. My main OS. Another Linux distribution: 15 GB . For experimenting and trying Linux distributions out. I will: Wipe and install various distributions quite often on the 15 Use dd to make a copy of my Windows partition after installing it and getting things to work as I like. My experience is that Windows needs to be re-installed maybe once per year to not get bloated and slow. I have been told: To use GRUB chain loading. It will make it easier when kernel upgrades are made in the Linux distributions, as they modify the GRUB boot-menu. To my understanding I need to: (I might very well be mistaken) Install Windows first. Then install Xubuntu and let it write over the MBR with GRUB (I guess this is the default). Get the GRUB on the MBR start Windows XP if I want to (it's done by default), start Xubuntu using the kernel of my choice or defer execution to the boot sector of my other Linux distribution. The actual chain loading will only occur when I want to start my experimental install of Linux. I wonder: Is step 3 above correct and a good way to handle this? Is it also a good way to use chain-loading for both Xubuntu and my experimental Linux installation? How do I get a Linux distribution to install the boot loader it comes with to the boot sector of its partition and not to the MBR? If I can't get it to not touch the MBR. Then I could make a backup of the MBR using dd and then write it back after installing my experimental Linux installation. But then, how would I get the boot loader (lets say GRUB) into the boot sector of the experimental Linux installation? How would it work if said Linux installation gets a new kernel update and needs to update the GRUB menu?

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• How do I change the color of the screen that is displayed before the login screen?

  - by Jake Newkirk

  How do I change the color that the system displays just before the login screen is displayed? Here is the boot sequence on my machine in the order that things are displayed: The BIOS screen is flashed. A Black screen is displayed for a few seconds. My Plymouth splash screen is displayed. Purple screen is displayed for a few seconds (This is what I want to change). Finally, the login screen is displayed. Please let me know if you require any additional information while addressing this problem and as always, thank you for your time.

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• Tutorial: Linux Boot Camp: How Linux Boots (part 1)

  Booting. Sometimes it seems like it takes forever. What's the computer doing all that time? How do you find out? The Linux boot sequence is surprisingly simple, and the best part is that almost all of it is controlled by shell scripts you can read -- and even edit yourself.

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• Save to Hard Drive instead of bootable USB

  - by WAM

  I followed the instructions on the Ubuntu website on how to put Ubuntu 12.04 on a USB and make it a bootable USB stick for windows. It worked fine and I can boot up and run Ubuntu, but every time I try to download software or change settings it tries to save it to the USB rather than the hard drive built into the computer. The USB doesn't have enough space so the download fails and in addition it doesn't retain setting changes so when I restart my computer all the settings return to default and anything I saved is gone. Is there any way to change things so that when I download software or change settings Ubuntu will save it to my hard drive instead of the USB?

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• Dual-booting Windows 7 and Ubuntu

  - by CFP

  Hello everyone, I've just received my Dell Studio 17 laptop, which comes with Windows 7 x64 preinstalled. I'm having quite a hard time installing ubuntu on it. First of all, here is how I partitioned the drive using GPartEd: |==Dell utility partition==|==Dell Recovery partition==|==Windows 7==|[==Ubuntu==|==Data partition==]| Where [] denotes an extended partition. Here are the steps I completed: I used GParted to create this structure, keeping windows 7 installed I booted ubuntu LiveCD, and installed it on the right partition I let it install grub automatically I rebooted intu ubuntu I went back to windows 7, no problems I then rebooted. Grub was gone. I used Super Grub Disk to restore grub, it didn't work. I tried to boot into ubuntu from supergrubdisk, but grub couldn't fint the boot folder I then reinstalled ubuntu, went through the same steps, but there SGD did boot my ubuntu I reverted to the previous version of grub, and installed it on my hard drive It worked, but trying to boot win7 got me the "No MBR, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to reboot" error I used the windows 7 cd to restore the MBR (the auto wizard didn't work, had to rebuild the mbr from command line Now Ubuntu is gone. 7 works fine I read a lot about this, and realized that many people could simply not boot win7 again after encountering this problem. Now I'd like to restore GRUB, but I really won't go through the hassle of doing a full new cycle of installing/reinstalling everything again. Is there a GRUB guru around, to provide me with a detailed guide to not screwing everything up once again? Thanks a lot!

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• Linux Live CD only works when Windows is in Legacy mode?

  - by Vee

  I have asked a similar question before and no one was able to help me but I think it was because I wasn't phrasing it properly. This is a better restatement of the question. I have Windows 8 and Linux Mint dual booted on my pc. When I tried to boot the Linux from a CD ROM only, it would give me the following error: error: failure reading sector 0x0 from 'hd1' error: you need to load the kernel first. Press any key to continue... The Linux Mint works fine but otherwise, but it gives this error when I try to boot from CD. The boot Linux from CD only worked when I changed the Windows to Legacy mode in the BIOS settings. When I changed it back to UEFI, it would give the same error. Why is this? How can I fix it? I am somewhat new so is there anything else I should know about all of this? NOTE: I changed the Linux into UEFI mode using boot-repair but that still did not solve the problem when I tried to boot from CD ROM.

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• Ubuntu 12.10 Help! Everything is incredibly slow

  - by Keith

  I installed 12.10 from usb onto this machine. Intel celeron 2.00 GHz 496MB RAM I had to modify GNU-Grub to read "nomodeset" or i could not see the GUI. I have an Nvidia graphics card. Takes about 2 minutes to boot. The icons on the left of desktop take about 1 min to slowly open their menu. Have a network connection but mozilla is 404 and i cannot update. Where can i find a blow by blow explanation for troubleshooting and repairing this problem?

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• How do I create a 12.04 LiveUSB for a non-PAE machine?

  - by DrSkylaser

  I'm trying to create a dual-boot laptop with Ubuntu 12.04 and some flavor of Windows (TBD). To do that, I need to do some work on partitions & install 12.04. To do that, I need to create a bootable USB that will work with my non-PAE-capable CPU. Someone pointed me to a mini.iso that was allegedly non-PAE-friendly, but it gave me the same error as the straightup 12.04 desktop ISO. What version do I actually need? (This isn't going to be a virtual machine--I don't think the laptop has the RAM to handle that happily--so enabling PAE in the virtual machineware doesn't help me.)

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• Sharing Files between Ubuntu 14.04 and Windows 8

  - by Matinn

  I have Ubuntu and Windows 8 installed on one System. I am trying to share files between these two operating systems using an NTFS Partition wich was created by Windows. I don't have trouble accessing the data on this partition from Ubuntu, however if i create a file in Ubuntu, this file doesn't show up when I boot into Windows. Does anyone know how to do this. From what I have read file sharing should work without installing any additional Software, as I am not trying to access the Linux ext4 Partition from Windows.

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• Partition/install issues

  - by jalal ahmad

  I am new to Ubuntu and tried to install 10.1 as dual boot option from a USB. At first I encountered the error when in partition dialogue of installation process that cannot find root directory. I did a search on Ubuntu forums and did this as in one of the posts. Make sure that the partition file system you wish to install Linux, Ubuntu or Backtrack on it is ext4, ext3 or ext2, and not FAT32 or NTFS. Then mount / on it: During the installation process press "change" on the partition you wish to use Make sure "do not use this partition" scroll is not chosen, scroll to ext4, ext3 or ext2 On the "mount" field write / Click ok, then next a message will appear saying something like "swap area was not defined, do you wish to continue or choose a swap area?", click "ok" and continue or click "go back" and choose another partition and click change, on the file system scroll choose "swap" and click "ok" and next All good but when I rebooted I could not find Windows vista as in dual boot option. Plus I could not see wireless networks and in the process of trying to find out what went wrong the soft switch somehow turned off and as I cannot boot in Windows I have no idea what to do. Again searching internet I found a post which said the dual boot problem can be overcome by installing gparted but when I tried I got the message Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information.. Done E: Couldn't find package gparted I thought I am going to copy my stuff from my hard disk and try to install Windows but I found out that I have two partitions which are different from what I had before installing Ubuntu. I now have filesystem partition1 119 GB ext4, swap partition 5 1.1 GB swap and extended partition 2 1.1 GB. And I cannot mount 119 GB where all my personal videos, photos are if still there. Now I cannot boot from Windows even. Need help on what to do? Best case scenario would be to be able to copy my stuff before I mess up the system further. Else a dual boot system and if not then how do I install vista again. I have Windows CD. Cheers guys and thanks in advance.

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• busybox initramfs prompt while attempting to install from live cd on 2nd hdd

  - by da92n

  busybox initramfs prompt while attempting to install from live cd on 2nd hdd I've created a partition in ext3 on my second hdd to intall linux however when i come to boot the CD i get directed to a busybox prompt with no other choice than help. Other topics i've read on the subject where bound to the idea ubuntu has been already installed, and that the partition needs to be just indicated or else... But since i've no ubuntu installed, neither have i any partition that ubuntu should consider like that... How can i go through that?

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• purple screen when booting on lenovo G505s

  - by user1114795

  I successfully installed Ubuntu 14.04. I'm having the purple screen issue however even after making the nomodeset changes. It remains stuck on a purple screen. I can navigate through the menu options i.e Ubuntu, Advanced Options for Ubuntu, Memory Test, Windows Recovery Environment and Windows 8. I can't even boot into Windows 8. I'm totally new to this. If someone could please provide step by step instructions, that would be most appreciated.

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• Ubuntu gets slower by the day

  - by Doug

  Ive noticed that Ubuntu has been getting slower and slower to boot, launch programs, etc. I installed 12.04 about 4 months ago,now 12.10, running on a quad-core Q8300 Intel, 4GB Ram, and an 80GB WD IDE drive. For some reason (ever since 11.04), Ive noticed after installation, the speed is good. The longer I have the OS installed, every bootup gets slower and slower, launching programs get slower, frame rates change radically(onboard GF9400 gets anywhere from 60fps down to 12 in worst cases). I would think maybe the HD is the issue, however I installed 11.10 on a 160GB SATA, and the same thing occurred. Looking at system resources, I'm holding steady at 1GB memory usage (I have 4GB, but it's actually showing 3.6GB, dunno why), no swap usage, and using right around 4% on cpu currently. HD capacity is only 28% used. Has anyone else ran into this issue? I love Ubuntu to death, but using other distros other than Ubuntu, I dont have this problem.

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• Installing 12.10 messed up Xorg

  - by Ghost

  So I finally decided to upgrade from 12.04 and now my ubuntu install has been rendered unusable. I'm getting the "no screens detected" error from xorg in the console, and no mattr how many times I reinstall it xorg keeps throwing the same errors. I already had to do a bunch of hacks like nomodeset just to get to the console, else I would get an infinite tabulator after the purple boot screen. The machine has a 4200HD IGP, I even tried installing fglrx legacy (4xxx series and below are not supported in regular fglrx anymore) which was a subpar driver in 12.04 but in hopes that the machine would at least work, but nope, nothing at all. Anyone had the same problem? how do I fix it? EDIT: just wanted to add that I upgraded to 13.04 and it didn't solve anything, in fact it might have broken things even further.

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• How can I successfully install Ubuntu 12.10 next to windows 7

  - by Ian

  I have an installation of Windows 7 and I would like to install Ubuntu 12.10 side by side. During the installation of Ubuntu GRUB comes up with an error and gives me the option to select which disk it should be installed to. I have always found this difficult as I am never sure which disk to select. In my case I see one with "Windows bootloader". I was guessing that was the boot disk for my system but having selected it and completing the Ubuntu installation, GRUB did not appear and Windows loaded. I had no way to get to my Ubuntu installation. I then tried another disk for GRUB after receiving the same message on a re-install of Ubuntu but it didn't work either. In stead of fumbling about I thought I would ask here. Thanks for any advice!

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• tty1 prompt before lightdm

  - by David Weldon

  After upgrading to 13.10, every time I boot I'm shown a login prompt (tty1) for ~30 seconds before lightdm automatically starts. Everything works fine after that. Any ideas on what I could try to fix/debug this? My /var/log/lightdm/x-0-greeter.log contains lines like the following: ** (at-spi2-registryd:1381): WARNING **: Failed to register client: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.gnome.SessionManager was not provided by any .service files ** (at-spi2-registryd:1381): WARNING **: Unable to register client with session manager WARNING: Failed to open sessions directory: Error opening directory '/usr/share/lightdm/sessions': No such file or directory ** Message: PID 1534 (we are 1534) sent signal 15, shutting down... ** (gnome-settings-daemon:1401): WARNING **: Name taken or bus went away - shutting down Searching for these errors results in a variety of bugs filed over the years. Maybe a clean install will fix this.

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• how to replace windows 7 completely and repair grub

  - by sud

  I am trying to install ubuntu on HP probook 4530s x64 system. there is windows 7 already installed and i want to remove it. so i format C:\ drive and make to partation \ (sha2) and swap (sha4) from it. there is also a partation sha1 (300mb) for MBR (don't know what is it) i just leave it. after some time i get fatal error unable to install grub. and so i choose partation sha1 when it ask. no at boot time there is option to choose windows 7. and not for ubuntu and windows is also removed. i also try to install grub form other answers but no success. how to replace windows completely and where to install grub and what to do with 300mb (MBR).

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• booting into 12.04 results in a purple sceen for just a second.

  - by Super Nathan

  I have a vanilla Ubuntu install running on an Ivy-Bridge ultrabook that is using Intel 4000 graphics. I have enabled autologin via a line in the lightdm config file. My boot is very fast, however, it is ugly. The screen will be black, all solid purple for a second, then Plymouth for a second, then desktop. I would really like to figure out what the solid purple is and how to remove it. I would like to either have a different color (black) or skipped entirely.

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• Cannot boot normally, without restarting lightdm (or gdm)

  - by leventov

  I had a problem precisely described here: http://www.webupd8.org/2013/01/ubuntu-lightdm-black-screen-when-using.html, black screen with blinking cursor instead of login screen. I've switched to gdm using sudo dpkg-reconfigure gdm -- but faced the same problem, now loading process stops on "red-white Ubuntu dots" (without activity under this splash). And to login, I still need to restart display manager: Ctrl+Alt+F1 and sudo service gdm restart. How to make Ubuntu to boot normally?

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• Can't start Windows 7 after cloning HDD

  - by Paul

  Brief description: cloned HDD1 - HDD2 HDD1 partition 1 boots HDD1 partition 2 boots HDD2 partition 1 boots HDD2 partition 2 doesn't boot Windows, but is bootable in general Now verbosely: In all the cases computer is the same. I have two Windows 7 installations on HDD1 - both are booting fine. I choose between them using standard Windows 7 boot loader menu. Technically there are 4 partitions: 100 MB Boot loader partition (active), Windows 7 copy 1 (25 GB), Windows 7 copy 2 (150 GB) and Working partition. All are primary. In past few days I tried to clone the whole HDD1 to HDD2 of the same size (but 2,5 inch form factor) as is using Minitool Partition wizard. Everything has been copied, all files are accessible, no faults in file system structure, even boot loader wasn't damaged and I hadn't to repair it. But I can boot only first installation of Windows 7 (it boots without issues). When I choose the second installation, I get immediately a completely black screen without any texts, cursors and other data. HDD isn't accessed after that. This black screen is sensitive to Ctrl-Alt-Delete which causes computer reboot. I did some experimenting: Installed Windows 7 to that partition - it booted fine. Then I renamed "Windows" to "Windows.old" and copied Windows directory from HDD1 as it was, using Far Manager, and got the same troubles - black screen. (Of course I performed renaming and copying from other copy of Windows). So, it seems that problems are inside this installation of Windows, somewhere in its files.

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• From which plex am I booted from on raid?

  - by rumburak

  I have a server with mirrored boot volume. It is software raid 1 in Windows Server 2008 R2. I do not have physical access to the server. I am looking for a way to check which disk is a boot drive. I need a way to check it from os. How can I do that ? EDIT: I know how to do that, but I dont think its proper way. From diskpart I can break mirror: select volume 0 break disk=0 And Windows will only allow me to do that on not current boot disk. I want to check which one is boot without breaking mirroring.

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• Update Grub on Squeeze - Kernel downgrade due VMware Server

  - by vodoo_boot

  I happen to run into various problems regarding grub and kernels. I don't really care about the kernel internas. All I want is VMware server in that dedicated root-server. 1.) What is a bzImage vs. vmlinuz? kaze:~# ls /boot/ System.map-2.6.32-5-amd64 bzImage-2.6.33.2 config-2.6.33.2 initrd.img-2.6.32-5-amd64 System.map-2.6.33.2 bzImage-2.6.35.6 config-2.6.35.6 vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 System.map-2.6.35.6 config-2.6.32-5-amd64 grub I updated my menu.lst (grub2): timeout 5 default 0 fallback 1 title 2.6.32.5 kernel (hd0,1)/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 root=/dev/sda2 panic=60 noapic acpi=off title 2.6.35.6 kernel (hd0,1)/boot//bzImage-2.6.35.6 root=/dev/sda2 panic=60 noapic acpi=off title 2.6.32.3 kernel (hd0,1)/boot//bzImage-2.6.33.2 root=/dev/sda2 panic=60 noapic acpi=off That doesn't do well... I think the vmlinuz file is missing initrd or so. Dunno. In fact I don't give too much about kernel boot voodoo as long as it works. update-grub(2) does not work. Does anybody know what magical trick there is to get the 2.6.32-5 booting? 2.) I thought t follow the Deban wiki.. I cannot get header-files for the installed 35.6 or 33.2 kernel in the repositories. I cannot build foreign headers because they will not match the running kernel. So how does one deal with that situtation? I'd prefer not to have to downgrade the kernel. Thanks for any answers!

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