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  • The Execute SQL Task

    In this article we are going to take you through the Execute SQL Task in SQL Server Integration Services for SQL Server 2005 (although it appies just as well to SQL Server 2008).  We will be covering all the essentials that you will need to know to effectively use this task and make it as flexible as possible. The things we will be looking at are as follows: A tour of the Task. The properties of the Task. After looking at these introductory topics we will then get into some examples. The examples will show different types of usage for the task: Returning a single value from a SQL query with two input parameters. Returning a rowset from a SQL query. Executing a stored procedure and retrieveing a rowset, a return value, an output parameter value and passing in an input parameter. Passing in the SQL Statement from a variable. Passing in the SQL Statement from a file. Tour Of The Task Before we can start to use the Execute SQL Task in our packages we are going to need to locate it in the toolbox. Let's do that now. Whilst in the Control Flow section of the package expand your toolbox and locate the Execute SQL Task. Below is how we found ours. Now drag the task onto the designer. As you can see from the following image we have a validation error appear telling us that no connection manager has been assigned to the task. This can be easily remedied by creating a connection manager. There are certain types of connection manager that are compatable with this task so we cannot just create any connection manager and these are detailed in a few graphics time. Double click on the task itself to take a look at the custom user interface provided to us for this task. The task will open on the general tab as shown below. Take a bit of time to have a look around here as throughout this article we will be revisting this page many times. Whilst on the general tab, drop down the combobox next to the ConnectionType property. In here you will see the types of connection manager which this task will accept. As with SQL Server 2000 DTS, SSIS allows you to output values from this task in a number of formats. Have a look at the combobox next to the Resultset property. The major difference here is the ability to output into XML. If you drop down the combobox next to the SQLSourceType property you will see the ways in which you can pass a SQL Statement into the task itself. We will have examples of each of these later on but certainly when we saw these for the first time we were very excited. Next to the SQLStatement property if you click in the empty box next to it you will see ellipses appear. Click on them and you will see the very basic query editor that becomes available to you. Alternatively after you have specified a connection manager for the task you can click on the Build Query button to bring up a completely different query editor. This is slightly inconsistent. Once you've finished looking around the general tab, move on to the next tab which is the parameter mapping tab. We shall, again, be visiting this tab throughout the article but to give you an initial heads up this is where you define the input, output and return values from your task. Note this is not where you specify the resultset. If however you now move on to the ResultSet tab this is where you define what variable will receive the output from your SQL Statement in whatever form that is. Property Expressions are one of the most amazing things to happen in SSIS and they will not be covered here as they deserve a whole article to themselves. Watch out for this as their usefulness will astound you. For a more detailed discussion of what should be the parameter markers in the SQL Statements on the General tab and how to map them to variables on the Parameter Mapping tab see Working with Parameters and Return Codes in the Execute SQL Task. Task Properties There are two places where you can specify the properties for your task. One is in the task UI itself and the other is in the property pane which will appear if you right click on your task and select Properties from the context menu. We will be doing plenty of property setting in the UI later so let's take a moment to have a look at the property pane. Below is a graphic showing our properties pane. Now we shall take you through all the properties and tell you exactly what they mean. A lot of these properties you will see across all tasks as well as the package because of everything's base structure The Container. BypassPrepare Should the statement be prepared before sending to the connection manager destination (True/False) Connection This is simply the name of the connection manager that the task will use. We can get this from the connection manager tray at the bottom of the package. DelayValidation Really interesting property and it tells the task to not validate until it actually executes. A usage for this may be that you are operating on table yet to be created but at runtime you know the table will be there. Description Very simply the description of your Task. Disable Should the task be enabled or not? You can also set this through a context menu by right clicking on the task itself. DisableEventHandlers As a result of events that happen in the task, should the event handlers for the container fire? ExecValueVariable The variable assigned here will get or set the execution value of the task. Expressions Expressions as we mentioned earlier are a really powerful tool in SSIS and this graphic below shows us a small peek of what you can do. We select a property on the left and assign an expression to the value of that property on the right causing the value to be dynamically changed at runtime. One of the most obvious uses of this is that the property value can be built dynamically from within the package allowing you a great deal of flexibility FailPackageOnFailure If this task fails does the package? FailParentOnFailure If this task fails does the parent container? A task can he hosted inside another container i.e. the For Each Loop Container and this would then be the parent. ForcedExecutionValue This property allows you to hard code an execution value for the task. ForcedExecutionValueType What is the datatype of the ForcedExecutionValue? ForceExecutionResult Force the task to return a certain execution result. This could then be used by the workflow constraints. Possible values are None, Success, Failure and Completion. ForceExecutionValue Should we force the execution result? IsolationLevel This is the transaction isolation level of the task. IsStoredProcedure Certain optimisations are made by the task if it knows that the query is a Stored Procedure invocation. The docs say this will always be false unless the connection is an ADO connection. LocaleID Gets or sets the LocaleID of the container. LoggingMode Should we log for this container and what settings should we use? The value choices are UseParentSetting, Enabled and Disabled. MaximumErrorCount How many times can the task fail before we call it a day? Name Very simply the name of the task. ResultSetType How do you want the results of your query returned? The choices are ResultSetType_None, ResultSetType_SingleRow, ResultSetType_Rowset and ResultSetType_XML. SqlStatementSource Your Query/SQL Statement. SqlStatementSourceType The method of specifying the query. Your choices here are DirectInput, FileConnection and Variables TimeOut How long should the task wait to receive results? TransactionOption How should the task handle being asked to join a transaction? Usage Examples As we move through the examples we will only cover in them what we think you must know and what we think you should see. This means that some of the more elementary steps like setting up variables will be covered in the early examples but skipped and simply referred to in later ones. All these examples used the AventureWorks database that comes with SQL Server 2005. Returning a Single Value, Passing in Two Input Parameters So the first thing we are going to do is add some variables to our package. The graphic below shows us those variables having been defined. Here the CountOfEmployees variable will be used as the output from the query and EndDate and StartDate will be used as input parameters. As you can see all these variables have been scoped to the package. Scoping allows us to have domains for variables. Each container has a scope and remember a package is a container as well. Variable values of the parent container can be seen in child containers but cannot be passed back up to the parent from a child. Our following graphic has had a number of changes made. The first of those changes is that we have created and assigned an OLEDB connection manager to this Task ExecuteSQL Task Connection. The next thing is we have made sure that the SQLSourceType property is set to Direct Input as we will be writing in our statement ourselves. We have also specified that only a single row will be returned from this query. The expressions we typed in was: SELECT COUNT(*) AS CountOfEmployees FROM HumanResources.Employee WHERE (HireDate BETWEEN ? AND ?) Moving on now to the Parameter Mapping tab this is where we are going to tell the task about our input paramaters. We Add them to the window specifying their direction and datatype. A quick word here about the structure of the variable name. As you can see SSIS has preceeded the variable with the word user. This is a default namespace for variables but you can create your own. When defining your variables if you look at the variables window title bar you will see some icons. If you hover over the last one on the right you will see it says "Choose Variable Columns". If you click the button you will see a list of checkbox options and one of them is namespace. after checking this you will see now where you can define your own namespace. The next tab, result set, is where we need to get back the value(s) returned from our statement and assign to a variable which in our case is CountOfEmployees so we can use it later perhaps. Because we are only returning a single value then if you remember from earlier we are allowed to assign a name to the resultset but it must be the name of the column (or alias) from the query. A really cool feature of Business Intelligence Studio being hosted by Visual Studio is that we get breakpoint support for free. In our package we set a Breakpoint so we can break the package and have a look in a watch window at the variable values as they appear to our task and what the variable value of our resultset is after the task has done the assignment. Here's that window now. As you can see the count of employess that matched the data range was 2. Returning a Rowset In this example we are going to return a resultset back to a variable after the task has executed not just a single row single value. There are no input parameters required so the variables window is nice and straight forward. One variable of type object. Here is the statement that will form the soure for our Resultset. select p.ProductNumber, p.name, pc.Name as ProductCategoryNameFROM Production.ProductCategory pcJOIN Production.ProductSubCategory pscON pc.ProductCategoryID = psc.ProductCategoryIDJOIN Production.Product pON psc.ProductSubCategoryID = p.ProductSubCategoryID We need to make sure that we have selected Full result set as the ResultSet as shown below on the task's General tab. Because there are no input parameters we can skip the parameter mapping tab and move straight to the Result Set tab. Here we need to Add our variable defined earlier and map it to the result name of 0 (remember we covered this earlier) Once we run the task we can again set a breakpoint and have a look at the values coming back from the task. In the following graphic you can see the result set returned to us as a COM object. We can do some pretty interesting things with this COM object and in later articles that is exactly what we shall be doing. Return Values, Input/Output Parameters and Returning a Rowset from a Stored Procedure This example is pretty much going to give us a taste of everything. We have already covered in the previous example how to specify the ResultSet to be a Full result set so we will not cover it again here. For this example we are going to need 4 variables. One for the return value, one for the input parameter, one for the output parameter and one for the result set. Here is the statement we want to execute. Note how much cleaner it is than if you wanted to do it using the current version of DTS. In the Parameter Mapping tab we are going to Add our variables and specify their direction and datatypes. In the Result Set tab we can now map our final variable to the rowset returned from the stored procedure. It really is as simple as that and we were amazed at how much easier it is than in DTS 2000. Passing in the SQL Statement from a Variable SSIS as we have mentioned is hugely more flexible than its predecessor and one of the things you will notice when moving around the tasks and the adapters is that a lot of them accept a variable as an input for something they need. The ExecuteSQL task is no different. It will allow us to pass in a string variable as the SQL Statement. This variable value could have been set earlier on from inside the package or it could have been populated from outside using a configuration. The ResultSet property is set to single row and we'll show you why in a second when we look at the variables. Note also the SQLSourceType property. Here's the General Tab again. Looking at the variable we have in this package you can see we have only two. One for the return value from the statement and one which is obviously for the statement itself. Again we need to map the Result name to our variable and this can be a named Result Name (The column name or alias returned by the query) and not 0. The expected result into our variable should be the amount of rows in the Person.Contact table and if we look in the watch window we see that it is.   Passing in the SQL Statement from a File The final example we are going to show is a really interesting one. We are going to pass in the SQL statement to the task by using a file connection manager. The file itself contains the statement to run. The first thing we are going to need to do is create our file connection mananger to point to our file. Click in the connections tray at the bottom of the designer, right click and choose "New File Connection" As you can see in the graphic below we have chosen to use an existing file and have passed in the name as well. Have a look around at the other "Usage Type" values available whilst you are here. Having set that up we can now see in the connection manager tray our file connection manager sitting alongside our OLE-DB connection we have been using for the rest of these examples. Now we can go back to the familiar General Tab to set up how the task will accept our file connection as the source. All the other properties in this task are set up exactly as we have been doing for other examples depending on the options chosen so we will not cover them again here.   We hope you will agree that the Execute SQL Task has changed considerably in this release from its DTS predecessor. It has a lot of options available but once you have configured it a few times you get to learn what needs to go where. We hope you have found this article useful.

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  • Table Variables: an empirical approach.

    - by Phil Factor
    It isn’t entirely a pleasant experience to publish an article only to have it described on Twitter as ‘Horrible’, and to have it criticized on the MVP forum. When this happened to me in the aftermath of publishing my article on Temporary tables recently, I was taken aback, because these critics were experts whose views I respect. What was my crime? It was, I think, to suggest that, despite the obvious quirks, it was best to use Table Variables as a first choice, and to use local Temporary Tables if you hit problems due to these quirks, or if you were doing complex joins using a large number of rows. What are these quirks? Well, table variables have advantages if they are used sensibly, but this requires some awareness by the developer about the potential hazards and how to avoid them. You can be hit by a badly-performing join involving a table variable. Table Variables are a compromise, and this compromise doesn’t always work out well. Explicit indexes aren’t allowed on Table Variables, so one cannot use covering indexes or non-unique indexes. The query optimizer has to make assumptions about the data rather than using column distribution statistics when a table variable is involved in a join, because there aren’t any column-based distribution statistics on a table variable. It assumes a reasonably even distribution of data, and is likely to have little idea of the number of rows in the table variables that are involved in queries. However complex the heuristics that are used might be in determining the best way of executing a SQL query, and they most certainly are, the Query Optimizer is likely to fail occasionally with table variables, under certain circumstances, and produce a Query Execution Plan that is frightful. The experienced developer or DBA will be on the lookout for this sort of problem. In this blog, I’ll be expanding on some of the tests I used when writing my article to illustrate the quirks, and include a subsequent example supplied by Kevin Boles. A simplified example. We’ll start out by illustrating a simple example that shows some of these characteristics. We’ll create two tables filled with random numbers and then see how many matches we get between the two tables. We’ll forget indexes altogether for this example, and use heaps. We’ll try the same Join with two table variables, two table variables with OPTION (RECOMPILE) in the JOIN clause, and with two temporary tables. It is all a bit jerky because of the granularity of the timing that isn’t actually happening at the millisecond level (I used DATETIME). However, you’ll see that the table variable is outperforming the local temporary table up to 10,000 rows. Actually, even without a use of the OPTION (RECOMPILE) hint, it is doing well. What happens when your table size increases? The table variable is, from around 30,000 rows, locked into a very bad execution plan unless you use OPTION (RECOMPILE) to provide the Query Analyser with a decent estimation of the size of the table. However, if it has the OPTION (RECOMPILE), then it is smokin’. Well, up to 120,000 rows, at least. It is performing better than a Temporary table, and in a good linear fashion. What about mixed table joins, where you are joining a temporary table to a table variable? You’d probably expect that the query analyzer would throw up its hands and produce a bad execution plan as if it were a table variable. After all, it knows nothing about the statistics in one of the tables so how could it do any better? Well, it behaves as if it were doing a recompile. And an explicit recompile adds no value at all. (we just go up to 45000 rows since we know the bigger picture now)   Now, if you were new to this, you might be tempted to start drawing conclusions. Beware! We’re dealing with a very complex beast: the Query Optimizer. It can come up with surprises What if we change the query very slightly to insert the results into a Table Variable? We change nothing else and just measure the execution time of the statement as before. Suddenly, the table variable isn’t looking so much better, even taking into account the time involved in doing the table insert. OK, if you haven’t used OPTION (RECOMPILE) then you’re toast. Otherwise, there isn’t much in it between the Table variable and the temporary table. The table variable is faster up to 8000 rows and then not much in it up to 100,000 rows. Past the 8000 row mark, we’ve lost the advantage of the table variable’s speed. Any general rule you may be formulating has just gone for a walk. What we can conclude from this experiment is that if you join two table variables, and can’t use constraints, you’re going to need that Option (RECOMPILE) hint. Count Dracula and the Horror Join. These tables of integers provide a rather unreal example, so let’s try a rather different example, and get stuck into some implicit indexing, by using constraints. What unusual words are contained in the book ‘Dracula’ by Bram Stoker? Here we get a table of all the common words in the English language (60,387 of them) and put them in a table. We put them in a Table Variable with the word as a primary key, a Table Variable Heap and a Table Variable with a primary key. We then take all the distinct words used in the book ‘Dracula’ (7,558 of them). We then create a table variable and insert into it all those uncommon words that are in ‘Dracula’. i.e. all the words in Dracula that aren’t matched in the list of common words. To do this we use a left outer join, where the right-hand value is null. The results show a huge variation, between the sublime and the gorblimey. If both tables contain a Primary Key on the columns we join on, and both are Table Variables, it took 33 Ms. If one table contains a Primary Key, and the other is a heap, and both are Table Variables, it took 46 Ms. If both Table Variables use a unique constraint, then the query takes 36 Ms. If neither table contains a Primary Key and both are Table Variables, it took 116383 Ms. Yes, nearly two minutes!! If both tables contain a Primary Key, one is a Table Variables and the other is a temporary table, it took 113 Ms. If one table contains a Primary Key, and both are Temporary Tables, it took 56 Ms.If both tables are temporary tables and both have primary keys, it took 46 Ms. Here we see table variables which are joined on their primary key again enjoying a  slight performance advantage over temporary tables. Where both tables are table variables and both are heaps, the query suddenly takes nearly two minutes! So what if you have two heaps and you use option Recompile? If you take the rogue query and add the hint, then suddenly, the query drops its time down to 76 Ms. If you add unique indexes, then you've done even better, down to half that time. Here are the text execution plans.So where have we got to? Without drilling down into the minutiae of the execution plans we can begin to create a hypothesis. If you are using table variables, and your tables are relatively small, they are faster than temporary tables, but as the number of rows increases you need to do one of two things: either you need to have a primary key on the column you are using to join on, or else you need to use option (RECOMPILE) If you try to execute a query that is a join, and both tables are table variable heaps, you are asking for trouble, well- slow queries, unless you give the table hint once the number of rows has risen past a point (30,000 in our first example, but this varies considerably according to context). Kevin’s Skew In describing the table-size, I used the term ‘relatively small’. Kevin Boles produced an interesting case where a single-row table variable produces a very poor execution plan when joined to a very, very skewed table. In the original, pasted into my article as a comment, a column consisted of 100000 rows in which the key column was one number (1) . To this was added eight rows with sequential numbers up to 9. When this was joined to a single-tow Table Variable with a key of 2 it produced a bad plan. This problem is unlikely to occur in real usage, and the Query Optimiser team probably never set up a test for it. Actually, the skew can be slightly less extreme than Kevin made it. The following test showed that once the table had 54 sequential rows in the table, then it adopted exactly the same execution plan as for the temporary table and then all was well. Undeniably, real data does occasionally cause problems to the performance of joins in Table Variables due to the extreme skew of the distribution. We've all experienced Perfectly Poisonous Table Variables in real live data. As in Kevin’s example, indexes merely make matters worse, and the OPTION (RECOMPILE) trick does nothing to help. In this case, there is no option but to use a temporary table. However, one has to note that once the slight de-skew had taken place, then the plans were identical across a huge range. Conclusions Where you need to hold intermediate results as part of a process, Table Variables offer a good alternative to temporary tables when used wisely. They can perform faster than a temporary table when the number of rows is not great. For some processing with huge tables, they can perform well when only a clustered index is required, and when the nature of the processing makes an index seek very effective. Table Variables are scoped to the batch or procedure and are unlikely to hang about in the TempDB when they are no longer required. They require no explicit cleanup. Where the number of rows in the table is moderate, you can even use them in joins as ‘Heaps’, unindexed. Beware, however, since, as the number of rows increase, joins on Table Variable heaps can easily become saddled by very poor execution plans, and this must be cured either by adding constraints (UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY) or by adding the OPTION (RECOMPILE) hint if this is impossible. Occasionally, the way that the data is distributed prevents the efficient use of Table Variables, and this will require using a temporary table instead. Tables Variables require some awareness by the developer about the potential hazards and how to avoid them. If you are not prepared to do any performance monitoring of your code or fine-tuning, and just want to pummel out stuff that ‘just runs’ without considering namby-pamby stuff such as indexes, then stick to Temporary tables. If you are likely to slosh about large numbers of rows in temporary tables without considering the niceties of processing just what is required and no more, then temporary tables provide a safer and less fragile means-to-an-end for you.

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  • good/bad idea to use email address in php session variable? [closed]

    - by Stephan Hovnanian
    I'm developing some additional functionality for a client's website that uses the email address as a key lookup variable between various databases (email marketing system, internal prospect database, and a third shared DB that helps bridge the gap between the two). I'm concerned that storing a visitor's email address as a $_SESSION variable could lead to security issues (not so much for our site, but for the visitor). Anybody have suggestions or experience on whether this is okay to do, or if there's another alternative out there?

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  • Can I show a table of one custom variable against another?

    - by Simon
    We have a number of custom variables set up in google analytics. We'd like to show a table of event occurrences broken down by two custom variables, e.g. if variable one can be A, B, or C and variable two can be J, K or L: Events | A | B | C | -------+-----+-----+-----+ J | 345 | 65 | 12 | K | 234 | 43 | 7 | L | 123 | 21 | 4 | -------+-----+-----+-----+ How do I get the information in that format?

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  • Rewrite img and link paths with htaccess and serve the file from rewritten path?

    - by frequent
    I have a static mockup page, which I want to "customize" by switching a variable used in image-src and link-href attributes. Paths will look like this: <img src="/some/where/VARIABLE/img/1.jpg" alt="" /> <link rel="some" href="/some/where/VARIABLE/stuff/foo.bar" /> I'm setting a cookie with the VARIABLE value on the preceding page and now want to modfiy the paths accordingly by replacing VARIABLE with the cookie value. I'm a htaccess newbie. This is what I have (doesn't work): <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> # get cookie value cookie RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} client=([^;]*) # rewrite/redirect to correct file RewriteRule ^/VARIABLE/(.+)$ /%1/$1 [L] </IfModule> So I thought my first line gets the cookie value and stores this in %1. And on the second line I'm filtering VARIABLE, replace it with the cookie value and whatever comes after VARIABLE in $1. Thanks for sheeding some light on what I'm doing, doing wrong and if I can do this at all using htaccess. EDIT: I'm sort of halfway through, but it's still not working... Mabye someone can apply the finishing touches: <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> # check for client cookie RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} (?:^|;\s*)client=([^;]*) # check if an image was requested RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} \.(jpe?g|gif|bmp|png)$ # exclude these folders RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !some/members/logos # grab everything before the variable folder and everything afterwards # replace this with first bracket/cookie_value/second bracket RewriteRule (^.+)/VARIABLE/(.+)$ $1/%1/$2 [L] </IfModule> Still can't get it to work, but I think this is the correct way of doing it. Thanks for help!

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  • Using target-specific variable in makefile

    - by James Johnston
    I have the following makefile: OUTPUTDIR = build all: v12target v13target v12target: INTDIR = v12 v12target: DoV12.avrcommontargets v13target: INTDIR = v13 v13target: DoV13.avrcommontargets %.avrcommontargets: $(OUTPUTDIR)/%.elf @true $(OUTPUTDIR)/%.elf: $(OUTPUTDIR)/$(INTDIR)/main.o @echo TODO build ELF file from object file: destination $@, source $^ @echo Compiled elf file for $(INTDIR) > $@ $(OUTPUTDIR)/$(INTDIR)/%.o: %.c @echo TODO call GCC to compile C file: destination $@, source $< @echo Compiled object file for $<, revision $(INTDIR) > $@ $(shell rm -rf $(OUTPUTDIR)) $(shell mkdir -p $(OUTPUTDIR)/v12 2> /dev/null) $(shell mkdir -p $(OUTPUTDIR)/v13 2> /dev/null) .SECONDARY: The idea is that there are several different code configurations that need to be compiled from the same source code. The "all" target depends on v12target and v13 target, which set a number of variables for that particular build. It also depends on an "avrcommontargets" pattern, which defines how to actually do the compiling. avrcommontargets then depends on the ELF file, which in turn depends on object files, which are built from the C source code. Each compiled C file results in an object file (*.o). Since each configuration (v12, v13, etc.) results in a different output, the C file needs to be built several times with the output placed in different subdirectories. For example, "build/v12/main.o", "build/v13/main.o", etc. Sample output: TODO call GCC to compile C file: destination build//main.o, source main.c TODO build ELF file from object file: destination build/DoV12.elf, source build//main.o TODO build ELF file from object file: destination build/DoV13.elf, source build//main.o The problem is that the object file isn't going into the correct subdirectory. For example, "build//main.o" instead of "build/v12/main.o". That then prevents the main.o from being correctly rebuilt to generate the v13 version of main.o. I'm guessing the issue is that $(INTDIR) is a target specific variable, and perhaps this can't be used in the pattern targets I defined for %.elf and %.o. The correct output would be: TODO call GCC to compile C file: destination build/v12/main.o, source main.c TODO build ELF file from object file: destination build/DoV12.elf, source build/v12/main.o TODO call GCC to compile C file: destination build/v13/main.o, source main.c TODO build ELF file from object file: destination build/DoV13.elf, source build/v13/main.o What do I need to do to adjust this makefile so that it generates the correct output?

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  • Losing reference to $_post variable?

    - by Scott B
    In the code below, the echo at the top returns true, but the echo at the bottom returns nothing. Apparently the code in between is causing me to lose a reference to the $_post variable? <?php echo "in category: ".in_category('is-sidebar', $_post); //RETURNS TRUE if (!get_option('my_hide_recent')) { $cat=get_cat_ID('top-menu'); $catHidden=get_cat_ID('hidden'); $myquery = new WP_Query(); $myquery->query(array( 'cat' => "-$cat,-$catHidden", 'post_not_in' => get_option('sticky_posts') )); $myrecentpostscount = $myquery->found_posts; if ($myrecentpostscount > 0) { ?> <div class="menu"><h4><?php if ($my_sidebar_heading_recent !=="") { echo $my_sidebar_heading_recent; } else { echo "Recent Posts";} ?></h4><ul> <?php global $post; $current_page_recent = get_post( $current_page ); $myrecentposts = get_posts(array('post_not_in' => get_option('sticky_posts'), 'cat' => "-$cat,-$catHidden",'showposts' => $my_recent_count)); foreach($myrecentposts as $idxrecent=>$post) { if($post->ID == $current_page_recent->ID) { $home_menu_recent = ' class="current_page_item'; } else { $home_menu_recent = ' class="page_item'; } $myclassrecent = ($idxrecent == count($myrecentposts) - 1 ? $home_menu_recent.' last"' : $home_menu_recent.'"'); ?> <li<?php echo $myclassrecent ?>><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></li> <?php } ; if (($myrecentpostscount > $my_recent_count) && $my_recent_count > -1){ ?><li><a href="<?php bloginfo('url'); ?>/site-map">View all</a></li><?php } ?></ul></div> <?php } } global $sitemap; echo "in category: ".in_category('is-sidebar', $_post); //RETURNS NOTHING

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  • Read variable-length records from a buffer - weird memory issues

    - by bsg
    Hi, I'm trying to implement an i/o intensive quicksort (C++ qsort) on a very large dataset. In the interests of speed, I'd like to read in a chunk of data at a time into a buffer and then use qsort to sort it inside the buffer. (I am currently working with text files but would like to move to binary soon.) However, my data is composed of variable-length records, and qsort needs to be told the length of the record in order to sort. Is there any way to standardize this? The only thing I could think of was rather convoluted: my program currently reads from the buffer until it hits a linefeed character ('10' in ascii), transferring each character over to another array. When it finds a linefeed (the delimiter in the input file), it fills the number of spaces remaining in the buffer for that record (record size is set to 30) with null characters. This way, I should end up with a buffer full of fixed-size records to give qsort. I know there are several problems with my approach, one being that it's just clumsy, another that the record size might conceivably be larger than 30, but is generally much less. Is there a better way of doing this? As well, my current code doesn't even work. When I debug it, it seems to be transferring characters from one buffer to the other, but when I try to print out the buffer, it contains only the first record. Here is my code: FILE *fp; unsigned char *buff; unsigned char *realbuff; FILE *inputFiles[NUM_INPUT_FILES]; buff = (unsigned char *) malloc(2048); realbuff = (unsigned char *) malloc(NUM_RECORDS * RECORD_SIZE); fp = fopen("postings0.txt", "r"); if(fp) { fread(buff, 1, 2048, fp); /*for(int i=0; i <30; i++) cout << buff[i] <<endl;*/ int y=0; int recordcounter = 0; //cout << buff; for(int i=0;i <100; i++) { if(buff[i] != char(10)) { realbuff[y] = buff[i]; y++; recordcounter++; } else { if(recordcounter < RECORD_SIZE) for(int j=recordcounter; j < RECORD_SIZE;j++) { realbuff[y] = char(0); y++; } recordcounter = 0; } } cout << realbuff <<endl; cout << buff; } else cout << "sorry"; Thank you very much, bsg

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  • xslt test if a variable value is contained in a node set

    - by Aamir
    I have the following two files: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!-- D E F A U L T H O S P I T A L P O L I C Y --> <xas DefaultPolicy="open" DefaultSubjectsFile="subjects.xss"> <rule id="R1" access="deny" object="record" subject="roles/*[name()!='Staff']"/> <rule id="R2" access="deny" object="diagnosis" subject="roles//Nurse"/> <rule id="R3" access="grant" object="record[@id=$user]" subject="roles/member[@id=$user]"/> </xas> and the other xml file called subjects.xss is: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <subjects> <users> <member id="dupont" password="4A-4E-E9-17-5D-CE-2C-DD-43-43-1D-F1-3F-5D-94-71"> <name>Pierre Dupont</name> </member> <member id="durand" password="3A-B6-1B-E8-C0-1F-CD-34-DF-C4-5E-BA-02-3C-04-61"> <name>Jacqueline Durand</name> </member> </users> <roles> <Staff> <Doctor> <member idref="dupont"/> </Doctor> <Nurse> <member idref="durand"/> </Nurse> </Staff> </roles> </subjects> I am writing an xsl sheet which will read the subject value for each rule in policy.xas and if the currently logged in user (accessible as variable "user" in the stylesheet) is contained in that subject value (say roles//Nurse), then do something. I am not being able to test whether the currently logged in user ($user which is equal to say "durand") is contained in roles//Nurse in the subjects file (which is a different xml file). Hope that clarifies my question. Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • conflicting declaration when filling a static std::map class member variable

    - by Max
    I have a class with a static std::map member variable that maps chars to a custom type Terrain. I'm attempting to fill this map in the class's implementation file, but I get several errors. Here's my header file: #ifndef LEVEL_HPP #define LEVEL_HPP #include <bitset> #include <list> #include <map> #include <string> #include <vector> #include "libtcod.hpp" namespace yarl { namespace level { class Terrain { // Member Variables private: std::bitset<5> flags; // Member Functions public: explicit Terrain(const std::string& flg) : flags(flg) {} (...) }; class Level { private: static std::map<char, Terrain> terrainTypes; (...) }; } } #endif and here's my implementation file: #include <bitset> #include <list> #include <map> #include <string> #include <vector> #include "Level.hpp" #include "libtcod.hpp" using namespace std; namespace yarl { namespace level { /* fill Level::terrainTypes */ map<char,Terrain> Level::terrainTypes['.'] = Terrain("00001"); // clear map<char,Terrain> Level::terrainTypes[','] = Terrain("00001"); // clear map<char,Terrain> Level::terrainTypes['\''] = Terrain("00001"); // clear map<char,Terrain> Level::terrainTypes['`'] = Terrain("00001"); // clear map<char,Terrain> Level::terrainTypes[178] = Terrain("11111"); // wall (...) } } I'm using g++, and the errors I get are src/Level.cpp:15: error: conflicting declaration ‘std::map, std::allocator yarl::level::Level::terrainTypes [46]’ src/Level.hpp:104: error: ‘yarl::level::Level::terrainTypes’ has a previous declaration as ‘std::map, std::allocator yarl::level::Level::terrainTypes’ src/Level.cpp:15: error: declaration of ‘std::map, std::allocator yarl::level::Level::terrainTypes’ outside of class is not definition src/Level.cpp:15: error: conversion from ‘yarl::level::Terrain’ to non-scalar type ‘std::map, std::allocator ’ requested src/Level.cpp:15: error: ‘yarl::level::Level::terrainTypes’ cannot be initialized by a non-constant expression when being declared I get a set of these for each map assignment line in the implementation file. Anyone see what I'm doing wrong? Thanks for your help.

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  • Is it possible to access variable of subclass using object of superclass in polymorphism

    - by fari
    how can i access state varibale of class keyboard with object of class kalaplayer /** * An abstract class representing a player in Kala. Extend this class * to make your own players (e.g. human players entering moves at the keyboard * or computer players with programmed strategies for making moves). */ public abstract class KalaPlayer { /** * Method by which a player selects a move. * @param gs The current game state * @return A side pit number in the range 1-6 * @throws NoMoveAvailableException if all side pits for the player are empty * (i.e. the game is over) */ public abstract int chooseMove(KalaGameState gs) throws NoMoveAvailableException; } public class KeyBoardPlayer extends KalaPlayer { /** * Method by which a player selects a move. * @param gs The current game state * @return A side pit number in the range 1-6 * @throws NoMoveAvailableException if all side pits for the player are empty * (i.e. the game is over) */ public KalaGameState state; public KeyBoardPlayer() { System.out.println("Enter the number of stones to play with: "); try { BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); int key = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine()); state=new KalaGameState(key); //key=player1.state.turn; } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println(e); } } public int chooseMove(KalaGameState gs) throws NoMoveAvailableException{ return 0; } } import java.io.IOException; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStreamReader; public class KalaGame { KalaPlayer player1,player2; public KalaGame(KeyBoardPlayer Player1,KeyBoardPlayer Player2) { //super(0); player1=new KeyBoardPlayer(); player2 = new KeyBoardPlayer(); //player1=Player1; //player2=Player2; //player1.state ****how can i access the stae variable from Keyboard CLass using object from KalaPlayer key=player1.state.turn; } public void play() { System.out.println("Enter the number of stones to play with: "); try { BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); int key = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine()); System.out.println(key); KalaGameState state=new KalaGameState(key); printGame(); } catch(IOException e) { System.out.println(e); } }

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  • Shortening jQuery Code by Replacing Variable

    - by Jerry
    I have a form with a bunch of dropdown options that I'm dressing up by allowing the option to be selected by clicking links and (in the future, images) instead of using the actual dropdown. There are a lot of dropdowns and most all will repeat the same basic idea, and some will literally repeat just with different variables. Here's the HTML for one of those. <tr class="box1"> <td> <select id="cimy_uef_7"> <option value="Boy">Boy</option> <option value="Girl">Girl</option> </select> </td> </tr> Then the corresponding fancier links to click that will select the corresponding option in the dropdown. <div id="genderBox1"> <div class="gender"><a class="boy" href="">Boy</a></div> <div class="gender"><a class="girl" href="">Girl</a></div> </div> So, when you click the link "Boy" it will select the corresponding dropdown value "Boy" There are going to be multiple Box#, so I can just repeat the jQuery each time with the new variables, but there's surely a shorter way. Here's the jQuery that makes it work. //Box1 Gender var Gender1 = $('select#cimy_uef_7'); var Boy1 = $("#genderBox1 .gender a.boy"); var Girl1 = $("#genderBox1 .gender a.girl"); //On Page Load - Check Gender Box 1 Selection and addClass to corresponding div a if ( $(Gender1).val() == "Boy" ) { $(Boy1).addClass("selected"); } else { $(Boy1).removeClass("selected"); } if ( $(Gender1).val() == "Girl" ) { $(Girl1).addClass("selected"); } else { $(Girl1).removeClass("selected"); } //On Click - Change Gender Box 1 select based on image click $(Boy1).click(function(event) { event.preventDefault(); $(this).addClass("selected"); $(Gender1).val("Boy"); $(Girl1).removeClass("selected"); }); $(Girl1).click(function(event) { event.preventDefault(); $(this).addClass("selected"); $(Gender1).val("Girl"); $(Boy1).removeClass("selected"); }); My thought for shortening it was to just have a list of variables for each box and cycle through the numbers- 1,2,3,4 and have the jQuery grab the same # for each variable, but I can't figure out a way to do it. Let me know if there's anything else I can provide to make the question better. This is my best idea for shortening this code, as I'm still very much a beginner at jQuery, but I'm positive there are much better ideas out there, so feel free to recommend a better path if you see it :)

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  • Initialize a Variable Again.

    - by SoulBeaver
    That may sound a little confusing. Basically, I have a function CCard newCard() { /* Used to store the string variables intermittantly */ std::stringstream ssPIN, ssBN; int picker1, picker2; int pin, bankNum; /* Choose 5 random variables, store them in stream */ for( int loop = 0; loop < 5; ++loop ) { picker1 = rand() % 8 + 1; picker2 = rand() % 8 + 1; ssPIN << picker1; ssBN << picker2; } /* Convert them */ ssPIN >> pin; ssBN >> bankNum; CCard card( pin, bankNum ); return card; } that creates a new CCard variable and returns it to the caller CCard card = newCard(); My teacher advised me that doing this is a violation of OOP principles and has to be put in the class. He told me to use this method as a constructor. Which I did: CCard::CCard() { m_Sperre = false; m_Guthaben = rand() % 1000; /* Work */ /* Convert them */ ssPIN >> m_Geheimzahl; ssBN >> m_Nummer; } All variables with m_ are member variables. However, the constructor works when I initialize the card normally CCard card(); at the start of the program. However, I also have a function, that is supposed to create a new card and return it to the user, this function is now broken. The original command: card = newCard(); isn't available anymore, and card = new CCard(); doesn't work. What other options do I have? I have a feeling using the constructor won't work, and that I probably should just create a class method newCard, but I want to see if it is somehow at all possible to do it the way the teacher wanted. This is creating a lot of headaches for me. I told the teacher that this is a stupid idea and not everything has to be classed in OOP. He has since told me that Java or C# don't allow code outside of classes, which sounds a little incredible. Not sure that you can do this in C++, especially when templated functions exist, or generic algorithms. Is it true that this would be bad code for OOP in C++ if I didn't force it into a class?

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  • BizTalk - generating schema from Oracle stored proc with table variable argument

    - by Ron Savage
    I'm trying to set up a simple example project in BizTalk that gets changes made to a table in a SQL Server db and updates a copy of that table in an Oracle db. On the SQL Server side, I have a stored proc named GetItemChanges() that returns a variable number of records. On the Oracle side, I have a stored proc named Update_Item_Region_Table() designed to take a table of records as a parameter so that it can process all the records returned from GetItemChanges() in one call. It is defined like this: create or replace type itemrec is OBJECT ( UPC VARCHAR2(15), REGION VARCHAR2(5), LONG_DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(50), POS_DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(30), POS_DEPT VARCHAR2(5), ITEM_SIZE VARCHAR2(10), ITEM_UOM VARCHAR2(5), BRAND VARCHAR2(10), ITEM_STATUS VARCHAR2(5), TIME_STAMP VARCHAR2(20), COSTEDBYWEIGHT INTEGER ); create or replace type tbl_of_rec is table of itemrec; create or replace PROCEDURE Update_Item_Region_table ( Item_Data tbl_of_rec ) IS errcode integer; errmsg varchar2(4000); BEGIN for recIndex in 1 .. Item_Data.COUNT loop update FL_ITEM_REGION_TEST set Region = Item_Data(recIndex).Region, Long_description = Item_Data(recIndex).Long_description, Pos_Description = Item_Data(recIndex).Pos_description, Pos_Dept = Item_Data(recIndex).Pos_dept, Item_Size = Item_Data(recIndex).Item_Size, Item_Uom = Item_Data(recIndex).Item_Uom, Brand = Item_Data(recIndex).Brand, Item_Status = Item_Data(recIndex).Item_Status, Timestamp = to_date(Item_Data(recIndex).Time_stamp, 'yyyy-mm-dd HH24:mi:ss'), CostedByWeight = Item_Data(recIndex).CostedByWeight where UPC = Item_Data(recIndex).UPC; log_message(Item_Data(recIndex).Region, '', 'Updated item ' || Item_Data(recIndex).UPC || '.'); end loop; EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN errcode := SQLCODE(); errmsg := SQLERRM(); log_message('CE', '', 'Error in Update_Item_Region_table(): Code [' || errcode || '], Msg [' || errmsg || '] ...'); END; In my BizTalk project I generate the schemas and binding information for both stored procedures. For the Oracle procedure, I specified a path for the GeneratedUserTypesAssemblyFilePath parameter to generate a DLL to contain the definition of the data types. In the Send Port on the server, I put the path to that Types DLL in the UserAssembliesLoadPath parameter. I created a map to translate the GetItemChanges() schema to the Update_Item_Region_Table() schema. When I run it the data is extracted and transformed fine but causes an exception trying to pass the data to the Oracle proc: *The adapter failed to transmit message going to send port "WcfSendPort_OracleDBBinding_HOST_DATA_Procedure_Custom" with URL "oracledb://dvotst/". It will be retransmitted after the retry interval specified for this Send Port. Details:"System.InvalidOperationException: Custom type mapping for 'HOST_DATA.TBL_OF_REC' is not specified or is invalid.* So it is apparently not getting the information about the custom data type TBL_OF_REC into the Types DLL. Any tips on how to make this work?

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  • How to have type hinting in PHP that specifies variable scope inside of a template? (specifically PhpStorm)

    - by Lance Rushing
    I'm looking for a doc comment that would define the scope/context of the current php template. (similar to @var) Example View Class: <?php class ExampleView { protected $pageTitle; public function __construct($title) { $this->pageTitle = $title; } public function render() { require_once 'template.php'; } } -- <?php // template.php /** @var $this ExampleView */ echo $this->pageTitle; PHPStorm gives an inspection error because the access on $pageTitle is protected. Is there a hint to give scope? Something like: <?php // template.php /** @scope ExampleView */ // <---???? /** @var $this ExampleView */ echo $this->pageTitle;

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  • PHP & MySQL Undefined variable problem

    - by comma
    I keep getting the following error Undefined variable: id on line 91 can some one help me correct this problem? The error is on this line. $query2 = "INSERT INTO users_skills (skill_id, user_id, date_created) VALUES ('$id', '$user_id', NOW())"; MySQL database tables. CREATE TABLE tags ( id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, skill VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, experience VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, years VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ); CREATE TABLE users_skills ( id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, skill_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, user_id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL, date_created DATETIME UNSIGNED NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ); Here is the PHP & MySQL code. if (isset($_POST['info_submitted'])) { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT learned_skills.*, users_skills.* FROM learned_skills INNER JOIN users_skills ON learned_skills.id = users_skills.skill_id WHERE user_id='$user_id'"); if (!$dbc) { print mysqli_error($mysqli); return; } $user_id = '5'; $skill = $_POST['skill']; $experience = $_POST['experience']; $years = $_POST['years']; $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT learned_skills.*, users_skills.* FROM learned_skills INNER JOIN users_skills ON users_skills.skill_id = learned_skills.id WHERE users_skills.user_id='$user_id'"); if (mysqli_num_rows($dbc) == 0) { if (isset($_POST['skill']) && trim($_POST['skill'])!=='') { $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $query1 = mysqli_query($mysqli,"INSERT INTO learned_skills (skill, experience, years) VALUES ('" . $skill . "', '" . $experience . "', '" . $years . "')"); if (mysqli_query($mysqli, $query1)) { print mysqli_error($mysqli); return; } $mysqli = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "", "sitename"); $dbc = mysqli_query($mysqli,"SELECT id FROM learned_skills WHERE id='" . $skill . "' AND experience='" . $experience . "' AND years='" . $years . "'"); if (!$dbc) { print mysqli_error($mysqli); } else { while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($dbc)){ $id = $row["id"]; } } $query2 = "INSERT INTO users_skills (skill_id, user_id, date_created) VALUES ('$id', '$user_id', NOW())"; } }

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  • how to increment a javascript variable title that is within a php while loop

    - by steve
    I'm building multiple countdown clocks on one page. The number of countdown clocks varies from day to day so I need to call javascript several times from within "while" code in php to produce different clocks. The following code works but it's based on knowing how many clocks are needed before I start: <script language="javascript" src="countdown.js"></script> <script language="javascript"> var cd1 = new countdown('cd1'); cd1.Div = "clock1"; cd1.TargetDate = "<?php echo "$clocktime"; ?>"; cd1.DisplayFormat = "%%D%% days, %%H%% hours, %%M%% minutes, %%S%% seconds until event AAA happens"; </script> <div id="clockwrapper"><div id="clock1">[clock]</div></div> <script language="javascript" src="countdown.js"></script> <script language="javascript"> var cd2 = new countdown('cd2'); cd2.Div = "clock2"; cd2.TargetDate = "02/01/2011 5:30:30 PM"; cd2.DisplayFormat = "%%D%% days, %%H%% hours, %%M%% minutes, %%S%% seconds until event BBB happens..."; </script> <div id="clockwrapper"><div id="clock2">[clock]</div></div> So if I keep on calling the javascript above (the code with cd1 in it) all previous "cd1" clocks change to the latest clock because it is being overwritten. Somehow I need to call javascript from within my "while" loop in php and have cd1 become cd2, then cd3 so that the clocks work as they're supposed to. How do I go about doing this? I don't know how to call the javascript several times and increment the variable cd1 within the javascript. I tried something like this but couldn't get it to work. $id=mysql_result($result,$i,"id"); while($id){ $cd = ("$cd"."$id"); ?> <script language="javascript" src="countdown.js"></script> <script language="javascript"> var <?php echo "$cd"; ?> = new countdown('<?php echo "$cd"; ?>'); .... </script> <div id="clockwrapper"><div id="<?php echo "$cd"; ?>">[clock]</div></div> <?php $id=mysql_result($result,$i,"id"); } ?> Surely there is some easy way of getting around this that I don't know about. Thanks

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  • Printing a variable only when it changes?

    - by user1781639
    First off, my question was a little vague or confusing since I'm not really sure how to phrase my question to be specific. I'm trying to query a database of stockists for a Knitting company (school project using PHP) but I'm looking to print the city as a heading instead of with each stockists information. Here is what I have at the moment: $sql = "SELECT * FROM mc16korustockists where locale = 'south'"; $result = pg_exec($sql); $nrows = pg_numrows($result); print $nrows; $items = pg_fetch_all($result); print_r($items); for ($i=0; $i<$nrows2; $i++) { print "<h2>"; print $items[$i]['city']; print "</h2>"; print $items[$i]['name']; print $items[$i]['address']; print $items[$i]['city']; print $items[$i]['phone']; print "<br />"; print "<br />"; } I'm querying the database for all of the data in it, the rows being ref, name, address, city and phone, and executing it. Querying the number of rows then using that to determine how many iterations for the loop to run is all fine but what I'd like to have is for the h2 heading to appear above the for ($i=0;) line. Trying just breaks my page so that might be out of the question. I figure I'd have to count the number of entries in 'city' until it detects a change then change the heading to that name I think? That or make a heap of queries and set a variable for each name but at point, I might as well do it manually (and I highly doubt it would be best practice). Oh, and I'd welcome any critiques to my PHP since I'm just starting out. Thanks and if you need any more information, just ask! P.S. Our class is learning with PostgreSQL instead of MySQL as you can see in the tags.

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  • What causes Apache Environment Variable set using mod_rewrite to have "redirect_" appended to name?

    - by trowel
    I am trying to set Apache environment variables (for use in PHP) with the [E=VAR:VAL] flag on RewriteRule rules in an .htaccess file. I have already discovered the variables are accessed in PHP as server variables $_SERVER rather than $_ENV (which makes a certain amount of sense). However, my problem is for some rules the [E=VAR:VAL] flag works as expected and I end up with a variable $_SERVER['VAR'] but for other rules I end with a variable $_SERVER['REDIRECT_VAR'] or $_SERVER['REDIRECT_REDIRECT_VAR'], etc A. What causes an Environment Variable set in Apache using the [E=VAR:VAL] flag to get renamed by having "REDIRECT_" appended to the front of the variable name? B. What can I do to make sure I end up with an Environment Variable with an unchanged name so I can access it in PHP as $SERVER['VAR'] without having to resort to checking for variations of the variable name having one of more instances of "REDIRECT" appended to the front of it?

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  • Tokenizing a string with variable whitespace

    - by Ron Holcomb
    I've read through a few threads detailing how to tokenize strings, but I'm apparently too thick to adapt their suggestions and solutions into my program. What I'm attempting to do is tokenize each line from a large (5k+) line file into two strings. Here's a sample of the lines: 0 -0.11639404 9.0702948e-05 0.00012207031 0.0001814059 0.051849365 0.00027210884 0.062103271 0.00036281179 0.034423828 0.00045351474 0.035125732 The difference I'm finding between my lines and the other sample input from other threads is that I have a variable amount of whitespace between the parts that I want to tokenize. Anyways, here's my attempt at tokenizing: #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> #include <fstream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { ifstream input; ofstream output; string temp2; string temp3; input.open(argv[1]); output.open(argv[2]); if (input.is_open()) { while (!input.eof()) { getline(input, temp2, ' '); while (!isspace(temp2[0])) getline(input, temp2, ' '); getline (input, temp3, '\n'); } input.close(); cout << temp2 << endl; cout << temp3 << endl; return 0; } I've clipped it some, since the troublesome bits are here. The issue that I'm having is that temp2 never seems to catch a value. Ideally, it should get populated with the first column of numbers, but it doesn't. Instead, it is blank, and temp3 is populated with the entire line. Unfortunately, in my course we haven't learned about vectors, so I'm not quite sure how to implement them in the other solutions for this I've seen, and I'd like to not just copy-paste code for assignments to get things work without actually understanding it. So, what's the extremely obvious/already been answered/simple solution I'm missing? I'd like to stick to standard libraries that g++ uses if at all possible.

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  • problem assigning array to variable

    - by shaw2thefloor
    Hi. I'm sure this is a simple one. I have an array in a simplexml object. When I try to assign the array to a variable, it only assigns the first index of the array. How can I get it to assign the whole array. This is my code. $xml = simplexml_load_string(FlickrUtils::getMyPhotos("flickr.photos.search", $_SESSION['token'])); $photosArray = $xml->photos; //$photosArray = $xml->photos->photo; //echo gettype($photosArray); print_r($photosArray); This is the result of the print_r($photosArray); SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] = Array ( [page] = 1 [pages] = 1 [perpage] = 100 [total] = 4 ) [photo] => Array ( [0] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [id] => 5335626037 [owner] => 57991585@N02 [secret] => bd66f06b49 [server] => 5210 [farm] => 6 [title] => 1 [ispublic] => 1 [isfriend] => 0 [isfamily] => 0 ) ) [1] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [id] => 5336238676 [owner] => 57991585@N02 [secret] => 898dffa011 [server] => 5286 [farm] => 6 [title] => 2 [ispublic] => 1 [isfriend] => 0 [isfamily] => 0 ) ) [2] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [id] => 5335625381 [owner] => 57991585@N02 [secret] => 60a0c84597 [server] => 5126 [farm] => 6 [title] => 4 [ispublic] => 1 [isfriend] => 0 [isfamily] => 0 ) ) [3] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [id] => 5335625195 [owner] => 57991585@N02 [secret] => 49348c1e8b [server] => 5126 [farm] => 6 [title] => 3 [ispublic] => 1 [isfriend] => 0 [isfamily] => 0 ) ) ) ) Thanks for youe help!

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  • Matlab: Optimization by perturbing variable

    - by S_H
    My main script contains following code: %# Grid and model parameters nModel=50; nModel_want=1; nI_grid1=5; Nth=1; nRow.Scale1=5; nCol.Scale1=5; nRow.Scale2=5^2; nCol.Scale2=5^2; theta = 90; % degrees a_minor = 2; % range along minor direction a_major = 5; % range along major direction sill = var(reshape(Deff_matrix_NthModel,nCell.Scale1,1)); % variance of the coarse data matrix of size nRow.Scale1 X nCol.Scale1 %# Covariance computation % Scale 1 for ihRow = 1:nRow.Scale1 for ihCol = 1:nCol.Scale1 [cov.Scale1(ihRow,ihCol),heff.Scale1(ihRow,ihCol)] = general_CovModel(theta, ihCol, ihRow, a_minor, a_major, sill, 'Exp'); end end % Scale 2 for ihRow = 1:nRow.Scale2 for ihCol = 1:nCol.Scale2 [cov.Scale2(ihRow,ihCol),heff.Scale2(ihRow,ihCol)] = general_CovModel(theta, ihCol/(nCol.Scale2/nCol.Scale1), ihRow/(nRow.Scale2/nRow.Scale1), a_minor, a_major, sill/(nRow.Scale2*nCol.Scale2), 'Exp'); end end %# Scale-up of fine scale values by averaging [covAvg.Scale2,var_covAvg.Scale2,varNorm_covAvg.Scale2] = general_AverageProperty(nRow.Scale2/nRow.Scale1,nCol.Scale2/nCol.Scale1,1,nRow.Scale1,nCol.Scale1,1,cov.Scale2,1); I am using two functions, general_CovModel() and general_AverageProperty(), in my main script which are given as following: function [cov,h_eff] = general_CovModel(theta, hx, hy, a_minor, a_major, sill, mod_type) % mod_type should be in strings angle_rad = theta*(pi/180); % theta in degrees, angle_rad in radians R_theta = [sin(angle_rad) cos(angle_rad); -cos(angle_rad) sin(angle_rad)]; h = [hx; hy]; lambda = a_minor/a_major; D_lambda = [lambda 0; 0 1]; h_2prime = D_lambda*R_theta*h; h_eff = sqrt((h_2prime(1)^2)+(h_2prime(2)^2)); if strcmp(mod_type,'Sph')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'sph') ==1 if h_eff<=a cov = sill - sill.*(1.5*(h_eff/a_minor)-0.5*((h_eff/a_minor)^3)); else cov = sill; end elseif strcmp(mod_type,'Exp')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'exp') ==1 cov = sill-(sill.*(1-exp(-(3*h_eff)/a_minor))); elseif strcmp(mod_type,'Gauss')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'gauss') ==1 cov = sill-(sill.*(1-exp(-((3*h_eff)^2/(a_minor^2))))); end and function [PropertyAvg,variance_PropertyAvg,NormVariance_PropertyAvg]=... general_AverageProperty(blocksize_row,blocksize_col,blocksize_t,... nUpscaledRow,nUpscaledCol,nUpscaledT,PropertyArray,omega) % This function computes average of a property and variance of that averaged % property using power averaging PropertyAvg=zeros(nUpscaledRow,nUpscaledCol,nUpscaledT); %# Average of property for k=1:nUpscaledT, for j=1:nUpscaledCol, for i=1:nUpscaledRow, sum=0; for a=1:blocksize_row, for b=1:blocksize_col, for c=1:blocksize_t, sum=sum+(PropertyArray((i-1)*blocksize_row+a,(j-1)*blocksize_col+b,(k-1)*blocksize_t+c).^omega); % add all the property values in 'blocksize_x','blocksize_y','blocksize_t' to one variable end end end PropertyAvg(i,j,k)=(sum/(blocksize_row*blocksize_col*blocksize_t)).^(1/omega); % take average of the summed property end end end %# Variance of averageed property variance_PropertyAvg=var(reshape(PropertyAvg,... nUpscaledRow*nUpscaledCol*nUpscaledT,1),1,1); %# Normalized variance of averageed property NormVariance_PropertyAvg=variance_PropertyAvg./(var(reshape(... PropertyArray,numel(PropertyArray),1),1,1)); Question: Using Matlab, I would like to optimize covAvg.Scale2 such that it matches closely with cov.Scale1 by perturbing/varying any (or all) of the following variables 1) a_minor 2) a_major 3) theta Thanks.

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  • Simple XML variable returns "0"

    - by Warren Haskins
    Ok, so im working with tumblr's API and im using SimpleXMLElement with php and ive run into a problem. Basically, when I call on a variable it just prints a zero. for instance : <?php echo $data->posts->post[0]->photo-url[5]; ?> This just breaks the page, and when I leave out the [5] it just prints zero I want to echo the photo-url with the number [5] but I cant get my head around this and its killing me. I just dont understand why it wont work. Heres a sample of the simpleXMLElement print-out : SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] = Array ( [version] = 1.0 ) [posts] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [type] => photo ) [post] => Array ( [0] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [id] => 574166180 [url] => http://young-n-reckless.tumblr.com/post/574166180 [url-with-slug] => http://young-n-reckless.tumblr.com/post/574166180 [type] => photo [date-gmt] => 2010-05-05 19:52:46 GMT [date] => Wed, 05 May 2010 15:52:46 [unix-timestamp] => 1273089166 [format] => html [reblog-key] => vc9EfT7d [slug] => [tumblelog] => young-n-reckless [bookmarklet] => true ) [tumblelog] => SimpleXMLElement Object ( [@attributes] => Array ( [title] => Young & Reckless [name] => young-n-reckless [url] => http://young-n-reckless.tumblr.com/ [timezone] => US/Eastern [avatar-url-16] => http://24.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_16.png [avatar-url-24] => http://24.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_24.png [avatar-url-30] => http://24.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_30.png [avatar-url-40] => http://25.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_40.png [avatar-url-48] => http://24.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_48.png [avatar-url-64] => http://26.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_64.png [avatar-url-96] => http://25.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_96.png [avatar-url-128] => http://24.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_128.png [avatar-url-512] => http://29.media.tumblr.com/avatar_424f776dd55c_512.png ) ) [photo-link-url] => http://www.flickr.com/photos/katiemabey/3429588812/ [photo-url] => Array ( [0] => http://30.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_500.jpg [1] => http://30.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_500.jpg [2] => http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_400.jpg [3] => http://28.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_250.jpg [4] => http://30.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_100.jpg [5] => http://30.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_l1w1qd7Zcg1qatgoto1_75sq.jpg ) ) Any help would be greatly appreciated, and thanks in advance. Warren

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  • Convert extended ASCII characters to it's right presentation using Console.ReadKey() method and ConsoleKeyInfo variable

    - by mishamosher
    Readed about 30 minutes, and didn't found some specific for this in this site. Suppose the following, in C#, console application: ConsoleKeyInfo cki; cki = Console.ReadKey(true); Console.WriteLine(cki.KeyChar.ToString()); //Or Console.WriteLine(cki.KeyChar) as well Console.ReadKey(true); Now, let's put ¿ in the console entry, and asign it to cki via a Console.ReadKey(true). What will be shown isn't the ¿ symbol, the ¨ symbol is the one that's shown instead. And the same happens with many other characters. Examples: ñ shows ¤, ¡ shows -, ´ shows ï. Now, let's take the same code snipplet and add some things for a more Console.ReadLine() like behavior: string data = string.Empty; ConsoleKeyInfo cki; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { cki = Console.ReadKey(true); data += cki.KeyChar; } Console.WriteLine(data); Console.ReadKey(true); The question, how to handle this by the right way, end printing the right characters that should be stored on data, not things like ¨, ¤, -, ï, etc? Please note that I want a solution that works with ConsoleKeyInfo and Console.ReadKey(), not use other variable types, or read methods. EDIT: Because ReadKey() method, that comes from Console namespace, depends on Kernel32.dll and it definetively bad handles the extended ASCII and unicode, it's not an option anymore to just find a valid conversion for what it returns. The only valid way to handle the bad behavior of ReadKey() is to use the cki.Key property that's written in cki = Console.ReadKey(true) execution and apply a switch to it, then, return the right values on dependence of what key was pressed. For example, to handle the Ñ key pressing: string data = string.Empty; ConsoleKeyInfo cki; cki = Console.ReadKey(true); switch (cki.Key) { case ConsoleKey.Oem3: if (cki.Modifiers.ToString().Contains("Shift")) //Could added handlers for Alt and Control, but not putted in here to keep the code small and simple data += "Ñ"; else data += "ñ"; break; } Console.WriteLine(data); Console.ReadKey(true); So, now the question has a wider focus... Which others functions completes it's execution with only one key pressed, and returns what's pressed (a substitute of ReadKey())? I think that there's not such substitutes, but a confirmed answer would be usefull. EDIT2: HA! Found the way, for something I used for so many times Windows 98 SE. There are the codepages, the ones responsibles for how's presented the info in the console. ReadLine() reconfigures the codepage to use properly the extended ASCII and Unicode characters. ReadKey() leaves it in EN-US default (codepage 850). Just use a codepage that prints the characters you want, and that's all. Refer to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_page for some of them :) So, for the Ñ key press, the solution is this: Console.OutputEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(1252); //Also 28591 is valid for `Ñ` key, and others too string data = string.Empty; ConsoleKeyInfo cki; cki = Console.ReadKey(true); data += cki.KeyChar; Console.WriteLine(data); Console.ReadKey(true); Simple :) Now I'm wrrr with myself... how could I forget those codepages!? Question answered, so, no more about this!

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  • When I try to redefine a variable, I get an index out of bounds error

    - by user2770254
    I'm building a program to act as a calculator with memory, so you can give variables and their values. Whenever I'm trying to redefine a variable, a = 5, to a = 6, I get an index out of bounds error. public static void main(String args[]) { LinkedHashMap<String,Integer> map = new LinkedHashMap<String,Integer>(); Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); ArrayList<Integer> values = new ArrayList<>(); ArrayList<String> variables = new ArrayList<>(); while(scan.hasNextLine()) { String line = scan.nextLine(); String[] tokens = line.split(" "); if(!Character.isDigit(tokens[0].charAt(0)) && !line.equals("clear") && !line.equals("var")) { int value = 0; for(int i=0; i<tokens.length; i++) { if(tokens.length==3) { value = Integer.parseInt(tokens[2]); System.out.printf("%5d\n",value); if(map.containsKey(tokens[0])) { values.set(values.indexOf(tokens[0]), value); variables.set(variables.indexOf(tokens[0]), tokens[0]); } else { values.add(value); } break; } else if(tokens[i].charAt(0) == '+') { value = addition(tokens, value); System.out.printf("%5d\n",value); variables.add(tokens[0]); if(map.containsKey(tokens[0])) { values.set(values.indexOf(tokens[0]), value); variables.set(variables.indexOf(tokens[0]), tokens[0]); } else { values.add(value); } break; } else if(i==tokens.length-1 && tokens.length != 3) { System.out.println("No operation"); break; } } map.put(tokens[0], value); } if(Character.isDigit(tokens[0].charAt(0))) { int value = 0; if(tokens.length==1) { System.out.printf("%5s\n", tokens[0]); } else { value = addition(tokens, value); System.out.printf("%5d\n", value); } } if(line.equals("clear")) { clear(map); } if(line.equals("var")) { variableList(variables, values); } } } public static int addition(String[] a, int b) { for(String item : a) { if(Character.isDigit(item.charAt(0))) { int add = Integer.parseInt(item); b = b + add; } } return b; } public static void clear(LinkedHashMap<String,Integer> b) { b.clear(); } public static void variableList(ArrayList<String> a, ArrayList<Integer> b) { for(int i=0; i<a.size(); i++) { System.out.printf("%5s: %d\n", a.get(i), b.get(i)); } } I included the whole code because I'm not sure where the error is arising from.

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