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  • Circumvent c++ null-terminated string frustration

    - by ypnos
    I'm using boost::program_options and it suffers from the same as many other c++ libs, even std itself: It still uses C-style null-terminated strings, because nobody really likes the weak std::string. The method in question is: options_description_easy_init& operator()(const char* name, const value_semantic* s, const char* description); The typical use case is just fine: options.add_options() ("graphical", bool_switch(&isGraphical)->default_value(false), "Show any graphical output during runtime") However, I need the name of the option to be set dynamically. The reason is that in some cases I nead a custom prefix, which is added to the string by my function std::string key(const std::string& k): options.add_options() (key("graphical"), bool_switch(&isGraphical)->default_value(false), "Show any graphical output during runtime") This fails. I could now use c_str() on the std::string but that's evil -- I don't know how long program_options keeps the variable around and if my string is still alive when needed. I could also reserve memory in a buffer etc. and hand in that. The buffer is never freed and it sucks/is evil. Is there anything else I can do to circumvent the C-style string mess in this situation?

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  • django multiprocess problem

    - by iKiR
    I have django application, running under lighttpd via fastcgi. FCGI running script looks like: python manage.py runfcgi socket=<path>/main.socket method=prefork \ pidfile=<path>/server.pid \ minspare=5 maxspare=10 maxchildren=10 maxrequests=500 \ I use SQLite. So I have 10 proccess, which all work with the same DB. Next I have 2 views: def view1(request) ... obj = MyModel.objects.get_or_create(id=1) obj.param1 = <some value> obj.save () def view2(request) ... obj = MyModel.objects.get_or_create(id=1) obj.param2 = <some value> obj.save () And If this views are executed in two different threads sometimes I get MyModel instance in DB with id=1 and updated either param1 or param2 (BUT not both) - it depends on which process was the first. (of course in real life id changes, but sometimes 2 processes execute these two views with same id) The question is: What should I do to get instance with updated param1 and param2? I need something for merging changes in different processes. One decision is create interprocess lock object but in this case I will get sequence executing views and they will not be able to be executed simultaneously, so I ask help

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  • Are these saml request-response good enough?

    - by Ashwin
    I have set up a single sign on(SSO) for my services. All the services confirm the identity of the user using the IDPorvider(IDP). In my case I am also the IDP. In my saml request, I have included the following: 1. the level for which auth. is required. 2. the consumer url 3. the destination service url. 4. Issuer Then, encrypting this message with the SP's(service provider) private key and then with the IDP's Public key. Then I am sending this request. The IDP on receiving the request, first decrypts with his own private key and then with SP's public key. In the saml response: 1. destination url 2. Issuer 3. Status of the response Is this good enough? Please give your suggestions?

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  • php code works with mamp but not on ubuntu server

    - by user355510
    Hello, I have start looking at a twitter php library http://github.com/abraham/twitteroauth, but i can't get it to work on my ubuntu server, but on my mac, with mamp it works without any problems. This is the code that don't won't to work on my server, but in mamp. Yes i have edit config file <?php /* Start session and load library. */ session_start(); require_once('twitteroauth/twitteroauth.php'); require_once('config.php'); /* Build TwitterOAuth object with client credentials. */ $connection = new TwitterOAuth(CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET); /* Get temporary credentials. */ $request_token = $connection->getRequestToken(OAUTH_CALLBACK); /* Save temporary credentials to session. */ $_SESSION['oauth_token'] = $token = $request_token['oauth_token']; $_SESSION['oauth_token_secret'] = $request_token['oauth_token_secret']; /* If last connection failed don't display authorization link. */ switch ($connection->http_code) { case 200: /* Build authorize URL and redirect user to Twitter. */ $url = $connection->getAuthorizeURL($token); header('Location: ' . $url); break; default: /* Show notification if something went wrong. */ echo 'Could not connect to Twitter. Refresh the page or try again later.'; } I have enable php session on my ubuntu server, because this code works <?php session_start(); $_SESSION["secretword"] = "hello there"; $secretword = $_SESSION["secretword"] ; ?> <html> <head> <title>A PHP Session Example</title> </head> <body> <?php echo $secretword; ?> </body> </html>

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  • Best way to parse this particular string using awk / sed?

    - by Jack
    Hi, I need to get a particular version string from a file (call it version.lst) and use it to compare another in a shell script. For example sake, the file contains lines that look like this: V1.000 -- build date and other info here -- APP1 V1.000 -- build date and other info here -- APP2 V1.500 -- build date and other info here -- APP3 .. and so on. Let's say I am trying to grab the first version (in this case, V1.000) from APP1. Obviously, the versions can change and I want this to be dynamic. What I have right now works: var = `cat version.lst | grep " -- APP1" | grep -Eo V[0-9].[0-9]{3}` Pipe to grep will get the line containing APP1 and the second pipe to grep will get the version string. However, I hear grep is not the way to do this so I'd like to learn the best way using awk or sed. Any ideas? I am new to both and haven't found a tutorial easy enough to learn the syntax of it. Do they support egrep? Thanks!

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  • PHP Mailer Class - Securing Email Credentials

    - by Alan A
    I am using the php mailer class to send email via my scripts. The structure is as follows: $mail = new PHPMailer; $mail->IsSMTP(); // Set mailer to use SMTP $mail->Host = 'myserver.com'; // Specify main and backup server $mail->SMTPAuth = true; // Enable SMTP authentication $mail->Username = '[email protected]'; // SMTP username $mail->Password = 'user123'; // SMTP password $mail->SMTPSecure = 'pass123'; It seems to me to be a bit of a security hole having the mailbox credentials in plain view. So I thought I might put these in an external file outside of the web root. My question is how would I then assign the $mail object these values. I of course no how to use include and/or requires... would it simple be a case of.... $mail->IsSMTP(); // Set mailer to use SMTP $mail->Host = 'myserver.com'; // Specify main and backup server $mail->SMTPAuth = true; // Enable SMTP authentication includes '../locationOutsideWebroot/emailCredntials.php'; $mail->SMTPSecure = 'pass123'; Then emailCredentails.php: <?php $mail->Username = '[email protected]'; $mail->Password = 'user123'; ?> Would this be sufficient and secure enough? Thanks, Alan.

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  • Margically appearing margin in footer. Could use some fresh eye's on this.

    - by Banderdash
    Hi chaps! Got a nearly finished coded comp here: http://clients.pixelbleed.net/biodesign/ I realize it's not completely valid, what with my nesting of li's and ul's within A tags. Unfortunately that's the way it has to be. My issue is with the very bottom of the footer. It has a space showing the body's background color beneath it. Tried a number of things and this space after the black link bar on the very bottom is a resistant little bugger. Ideally the black box on the bottom should rest against the very base of the view-port, at least when the content is sufficiently long--which it is in this case. If someone would like to take a quick peak at my source and give me some ideas I'd be very grateful. The CSS can be found here: http://clients.pixelbleed.net/biodesign/css/core.css And, yes, I've tried removing the height:100%. Makes no difference it seems. I do believe the issue to be with the footer, as when I remove these Div's the content rests as it should. Just don't see anything in my CSS to cause the margin/spacing issue though. Thanks so much.

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  • Why does the Maven goal "package" include the resources in the jar, but the goal "jar:jar" doesnt?

    - by Bernhard V
    Hi, when I package my project with the Maven goal "package", the resources are included as well. They are originally located in the directory "src/main/resources". Because I want to create an executable jar and add the classpath to the manifest, I'm using maven-jar-plugin. I've configured it as the following likes: <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> <configuration> <archive> <manifest> <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <mainClass>at.sozvers.stp.zpv.ekvkumsetzer.Main</mainClass> </manifest> </archive> </configuration> </plugin> Why won't the jar file created with "jar:jar" include my resources as well. As far as I'm concerned it should use the same directories as the "package" goal (which are in my case inherited from the Maven Super POM).

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  • How to "End Task" not "Kill" or "Terminate"?

    - by Luiscencio
    Hi community. I have a 3G card to provide internet to a remote computer... I have to run a program(provided with the card) to establish the connection... since connections suddenly is lost I wrote a script that Kills the program and reopens it so that the connection is reestablished, there are certain versions of this program that don't kill the connection when killed/terminated, just when closed properly. so I am looking for a script or program that "Properly Closes" a window so I can close it and reopen it in case the connection is lost. this is the code that kills the program Option Explicit Dim objWMIService, objProcess, colProcess Dim strComputer, strProcessKill strComputer = "." strProcessKill = "'Telcel3G.exe'" Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _ & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _ & strComputer & "\root\cimv2") Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery _ ("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = " & strProcessKill ) For Each objProcess in colProcess objProcess.Terminate() Next WSCript.Echo "Just killed process " & strProcessKill _ & " on " & strComputer WScript.Quit

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  • Define "Validation in the Model"

    - by sunwukung
    There have been a couple of discussions regarding the location of user input validation: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/659950/should-validation-be-done-in-form-objects-or-the-model http://stackoverflow.com/questions/134388/where-do-you-do-your-validation-model-controller-or-view These discussions were quite old, so I wanted to ask the question again to see if anyone had any fresh input. If not, I apologise in advance. If you come from the Validation in the Model camp - does Model mean OOP representation of data (i.e. Active Record/Data Mapper) as "Entity" (to borrow the DDD terminology) - in which case you would, I assume, want all Model classes to inherit common validation constraints. Or can these rules simply be part of a Service in the Model - i.e. a Validation service? For example, could you consider Zend_Form and it's validation classes part of the Model? The concept of a Domain Model does not appear to be limited to Entities, and so validation may not necessarily need to be confined to this Entities. It seems that you would require a lot of potentially superfluous handing of values and responses back and forth between forms and "Entities" - and in some instances you may not persist the data recieved from user input, or recieve it from user input at all.

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  • Prevent duplicate entries in arraylist

    - by timyh
    Say I create some object class like so public class thing { private String name; private Integer num; public oDetails (String a, Integer b) { name = a; num = b; } ...gets/ sets/ etc Now I want to create an arraylist to hold a number of this object class like so. ArrayList<thing> myList = new ArrayList<thing>; thing first = new thing("Star Wars", 3); thing second = new thing("Star Wars", 1); myList.add(first); myList.add(second); I would like to include some sort of logic so that in this case...when we try and add object "second" rather than add a new object to the arrayList, we add second.getNum() to first.getNum(). So if you were to iterate through the ArrayList it would be "Star Wars", 4 I am having trouble coming up with an elegant way of handling this. And as the arraylist grows, searching through it to determine if there are duplicate name items becomes cumbersome. Can anyone provide some guidance on this?

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  • Can the Visual Studio (2010) Command Window handle "external tools" with project/solution relative p

    - by ee
    I have been playing with the Command Window in Visual Studio (View-Other Windows-Command Window). It is great for several mouse-free scenarios. (The autocompleting file "Open" command rocks in a non-trivial solution.) That success got me thinking and experimenting: Possibility 1.1: You can use the Alias commands to create custom commands Possibility 1.2: You can use the Shell command to run arbitrary executables and specify parameters (and pipe the result to the output or command windows) Possibility 2: A previously setup external tool definition (with project-relative path variables) could be run from the command window What I am stuck on is: There doesn't appear to be a way to send parameters to an aliased command (and thus the underlying Shell call) There doesn't appear to be a way to use project/solution relative paths ($SolutionDir/$ProjectDir) on a Shell call Using absolute paths in Shell works, but is fragile and high-maintenance (one alias for each needed use case). Typically you want the command to run against a file relative to your project/solution. It seems you can't run the traditional external tools (Tools-External Tools...) in the command window Ultimately I want the external tool functionality in the command window in some way. Can anyone see a way to do this? Or am I barking up the wrong tree? So my questions: Can an "external tool" of some sort (using relative project/solution path parameters) be used in the Command Window? If yes, How? If no, what might be a suitable alternative?

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  • MySQL + Joomla + remote c# access

    - by Jimmy
    Hello, I work on a Joomla web site, installed on a MySQL database and running on IIS7. It's all working fine. I now need to add functionality that lets (Joomla-)registered users change some configuration data. Though I haven't done this yet, it looks straightforward enough to do with Joomla. The data is private so all external access will be done through HTTPS. I also need an existing c# program, running on another machine, to read that configuration data. Sure enough, this data access needs to be as fast as possible. The data will be small (and filtered by query), but the latency should be kept to a minimum. A short-term, client-side cache (less than a minute, in case a user updates his configuration data) seems like a good idea. I have done practically zero database/asp programming so far, so what's the best way of doing that last step? Should the c# program access the database 'directly' (using what? LINQ?) or setup some sort of Facade (SOAP?) service? If a service should be used, should it be done through Joomla or with ASP on IIS? Thanks

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  • How do you make use of the provider independency in the Entity Framework?

    - by Anders Svensson
    I'm trying to learn more about data access and the Entity Framework. My goal is to have a "provider independent" data access layer (to be able to switch easily e.g. from SQL Server to MySQL or vice versa), and since the EF is supposed to be provider independent it seems like a good way to go. But how do you use this provider independence? I mean, I was expecting to be able to sort of "program to an interface", and then just be able to switch database provider. But as far as I can tell I'm only getting a concrete type to program against, an "Entities" class, e.g. in my case it is: UserDBEntities _context = new UserDBEntities(); What I would have expected to be able to switch provider easily was to have an interface e.g. like IEntities _context = new UserDBEntities(); Sort of like I can do with datasets... But maybe that isn't how it works at all with EF? Or do you just switch provider in the connectionstring, and the model stays the same?? Please remember that I'm a complete newbie at this EF, and rather inexperienced with databases in general, so I would really appreciate if you could be as clear as possible :-)

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  • Managing My Database in Source Control

    - by Jason
    As I am working with a new database project (within VS2008), and as I have never developed a database from scratch, I immediately began looking into how to manage a database within source control (in this case, Subversion). I found some information on SO, including this post: Keeping development databases in multiple environments in sync. One of the answers in particular pointed to a number of a links, all of which had good, useful information. I was reading a series of posts by K. Scott Allen which describe how he manages database change. From my reading (and please pardon the noobishness of my question), it seems as though the database itself is never checked into a repository. Rather, scripts that can build the database, along with test data (which is also populated from scripts) is checked into the repository. Ultimately, this means that, when a developer is testing his or her app, these scripts, which are part of the build process, are run. This ensures that the database is up-to-date, but is also run locally from every developer's machine. This makes sense to me (if I am indeed reading that correctly). However, if I am missing something, I would appreciate correction or additional guidance. In addition, another question I wanted to ask - does this also mean that I should NOT check in the mdf or ldf files that are created from Visual Studio? Thanks for any help and additional insight. Always appreciated.

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  • Cached data accessed by reference?

    - by arthurdent510
    I am running into an odd problem, and this is the only thing I can think of. I'm storing a list in cache, and I am randomly losing items from my list as users use the site. I have a class that is called that either goes to cache and returns the list from there, or if the cache is over a certain time frame old, it goes to the database and refreshes the cache. So when I pull the data from cache, this is what it looks like.... results = (List<Software>)cache["software"]; And then I return results and do some processing, filter for security, and eventually it winds up on the screen. For each Software record, there can be multiple resources attached to it, and based on how the security goes they may see some, all, or none of the records. So in the security check it will remove some of those resources from the software record. So my question is.... when I return my results list, is it a reference directly to the cache object? So when I remove a resource from the software object, it is really removing from cache as well? If that is the case, is there any way to not return it as a reference? Thanks!

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  • Unit testing a method with many possible outcomes

    - by Cthulhu
    I've built a simple~ish method that constructs an URL out of approximately 5 parts: base address, port, path, 'action', and a set of parameters. Out of these, only the address part is mandatory, the other parts are all optional. A valid URL has to come out of the method for each permutation of input parameters, such as: address address port address port path address path address action address path action address port action address port path action address action params address path action params address port action params address port path action params andsoforth. The basic approach for this is to write one unit test for each of these possible outcomes, each unit test passing the address and any of the optional parameters to the method, and testing the outcome against the expected output. However, I wonder, is there a Better (tm) way to handle a case like this? Are there any (good) unit test patterns for this? (rant) I only now realize that I've learned to write unit tests a few years ago, but never really (feel like) I've advanced in the area, and that every unit test is a repeat of building parameters, expected outcome, filling mock objects, calling a method and testing the outcome against the expected outcome. I'm pretty sure this is the way to go in unit testing, but it gets kinda tedious, yanno. Advice on that matter is always welcome. (/rant) (note) christmas weekend approaching, probably won't reply to suggestions until next week. (/note)

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  • Best way to limit results in MySQL with user subcategories

    - by JM4
    I am trying to essentially solve for the following: 1) Find all users in the system who ONLY have programID 1. 2) Find all users in the system who have programID 1 AND any other active program. My tables structures (in very simple terms are as follows): users userID | Name ================ 1 | John Smith 2 | Lewis Black 3 | Mickey Mantle 4 | Babe Ruth 5 | Tommy Bahama plans ID | userID | plan | status --------------------------- 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 7 | 3 | 2 | 1 8 | 3 | 3 | 1 9 | 3 | 4 | 1 10 | 4 | 2 | 1 11 | 4 | 4 | 1 12 | 5 | 1 | 1 I know I can easily find all members with a specific plan with something like the following: SELECT * FROM users a JOIN plans b ON (a.userID = b.userID) WHERE b.plan = 1 AND b.status = 1 but this will only tell me which users have an 'active' plan 1. How can I tell who ONLY has plan 1 (in this case only userID 5) and how to tell who has plan 1 AND any other active plan? Update: This is not to get a count, I will actually need the original member information, including all the plans they have so a COUNT(*) response may not be what I'm trying to achieve.

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  • Immutability and shared references - how to reconcile?

    - by davetron5000
    Consider this simplified application domain: Criminal Investigative database Person is anyone involved in an investigation Report is a bit of info that is part of an investigation A Report references a primary Person (the subject of an investigation) A Report has accomplices who are secondarily related (and could certainly be primary in other investigations or reports These classes have ids that are used to store them in a database, since their info can change over time (e.g. we might find new aliases for a person, or add persons of interest to a report) If these are stored in some sort of database and I wish to use immutable objects, there seems to be an issue regarding state and referencing. Supposing that I change some meta-data about a Person. Since my Person objects immutable, I might have some code like: class Person( val id:UUID, val aliases:List[String], val reports:List[Report]) { def addAlias(name:String) = new Person(id,name :: aliases,reports) } So that my Person with a new alias becomes a new object, also immutable. If a Report refers to that person, but the alias was changed elsewhere in the system, my Report now refers to the "old" person, i.e. the person without the new alias. Similarly, I might have: class Report(val id:UUID, val content:String) { /** Adding more info to our report */ def updateContent(newContent:String) = new Report(id,newContent) } Since these objects don't know who refers to them, it's not clear to me how to let all the "referrers" know that there is a new object available representing the most recent state. This could be done by having all objects "refresh" from a central data store and all operations that create new, updated, objects store to the central data store, but this feels like a cheesy reimplementation of the underlying language's referencing. i.e. it would be more clear to just make these "secondary storable objects" mutable. So, if I add an alias to a Person, all referrers see the new value without doing anything. How is this dealt with when we want to avoid mutability, or is this a case where immutability is not helpful?

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  • What should I use to increase performance. View/Query/Temporary Table

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    I want to know the performance of using Views, Temp Tables and Direct Queries Usage in a Stored Procedure. I have a table that gets created every time when a trigger gets fired. I know this trigger will be fired very rare and only once at the time of setup. Now I have to use that created table from triggers at many places for fetching data and I confirms it that no one make any changes in that table. i.e ReadOnly Table. I have to use this tables data along with multiple tables to join and fetch result for further queries say select * from triggertable By Using temp table select ... into #tx from triggertable join t2 join t3 and so on select a,b, c from #tx --do something select d,e,f from #tx ---do somethign --and so on --around 6-7 queries in a row in a stored procedure. By Using Views create view viewname ( select ... from triggertable join t2 join t3 and so on ) select a,b, c from viewname --do something select d,e,f from viewname ---do somethign --and so on --around 6-7 queries in a row in a stored procedure. This View can be used in other places as well. So I will be creating at database rather than at sp By Using Direct Query select a,b, c from select ... into #tx from triggertable join t2 join t3 join ... --do something select a,b, c from select ... into #tx from triggertable join t2 join t3 join ... --do something . . --and so on --around 6-7 queries in a row in a stored procedure. Now I can create a view/temporary table/ directly query usage in all upcoming queries. What would be the best to use in this case.

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  • C++ Beginner - Trouble using structs and constants!

    - by Francisco P.
    Hello everyone! I am currently working on a simple Scrabble implementation for a college project. I can't get a part of it to work, though! Check this out: My board.h: http://pastebin.com/J9t8VvvB The subroutine where the error lies: //Following snippet contained in board.cpp //I believe the function is self-explanatory... //Pos is a struct containing a char, y, a int, x and an orientation, o, which is not //used in this particular case void Board::showBoard() { Pos temp; temp.o = 0; for (temp.y = 'A'; temp.y < (65 + TOTAL_COLUMNS); ++temp.y) { for (temp.x = 1; temp-x < (1 + TOTAL_ROWS); ++temp.x) { cout << _matrix[temp].getContents(); } cout << endl; } } The errors returned on compile time: http://pastebin.com/bZv7fggq How come the error states that I am trying to compare two Pos when I am comparing chars and ints? I also really can't place these other errors... Thanks for your time!

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  • Interval arithmetic to correctly deal with end of month - Oracle SQL

    - by user2003974
    I need a function which will do interval arithmetic, dealing "correctly" with the different number of days in a month. For my version of "correctly" - see below! First try select to_date('31-May-2014') + interval '1' months from dual This returns an error, because there is no 31st June. I understand that this behaviour is expected due to the ANSI standard. Second try select add_months(to_date('31-May-2014'),1) from dual This correctly (in my use case) returns 30th June 2014, which is great. BUT select add_months(to_date('28-Feb-2014'),1) from dual returns 31st March 2014, when I want 28th March 2014. Background This has to do with legal deadlines. The deadlines are expressed in law as a number of months (say, 3) from a base date. If the base date is last day of the month and three months later the month is longer, then the deadline does NOT extend to the end of the longer month (as per the add_months function). However, if the base date is last day of the month and three months later the month is shorter, then the deadline expires on the last day of the shorter month. Question Is there a function that does what I need? I have intervals (year to month) stored in a table, so preferably the function would look like: add_interval_correctly(basedate DATE, intervaltoadd INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH)

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  • Speed comparison - Template specialization vs. Virtual Function vs. If-Statement

    - by Person
    Just to get it out of the way... Premature optimization is the root of all evil Make use of OOP etc. I understand. Just looking for some advice regarding the speed of certain operations that I can store in my grey matter for future reference. Say you have an Animation class. An animation can be looped (plays over and over) or not looped (plays once), it may have unique frame times or not, etc. Let's say there are 3 of these "either or" attributes. Note that any method of the Animation class will at most check for one of these (i.e. this isn't a case of a giant branch of if-elseif). Here are some options. 1) Give it boolean members for the attributes given above, and use an if statement to check against them when playing the animation to perform the appropriate action. Problem: Conditional checked every single time the animation is played. 2) Make a base animation class, and derive other animations classes such as LoopedAnimation and AnimationUniqueFrames, etc. Problem: Vtable check upon every call to play the animation given that you have something like a vector<Animation>. Also, making a separate class for all of the possible combinations seems code bloaty. 3) Use template specialization, and specialize those functions that depend on those attributes. Like template<bool looped, bool uniqueFrameTimes> class Animation. Problem: The problem with this is that you couldn't just have a vector<Animation> for something's animations. Could also be bloaty. I'm wondering what kind of speed each of these options offer? I'm particularly interested in the 1st and 2nd option because the 3rd doesn't allow one to iterate through a general container of Animations. In short, what is faster - a vtable fetch or a conditional?

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  • Problem with reading and writing to binary file in C++

    - by Reem
    I need to make a file that contains "name" which is a string -array of char- and "data" which is array of bytes -array of char in C++- but the first problem I faced is how to separate the "name" from the "data"? newline character could work in this case (assuming that I don't have "\n" in the name) but I could have special characters in the "data" part so there's no way to know when it ends so I'm putting an int value in the file before the data which has the size of the "data"! I tried to do this with code as follow: if((fp = fopen("file.bin","wb")) == NULL) { return false; } char buffer[] = "first data\n"; fwrite( buffer ,1,sizeof(buffer),fp ); int number[1]; number[0]=10; fwrite( number ,1,1, fp ); char data[] = "1234567890"; fwrite( data , 1, number[0], fp ); fclose(fp); but I didn't know if the "int" part was right, so I tried many other codes including this one: char buffer[] = "first data\n"; fwrite( buffer ,1,sizeof(buffer),fp ); int size=10; fwrite( &size ,sizeof size,1, fp ); char data[] = "1234567890"; fwrite( data , 1, number[0], fp ); I see 4 "NULL" characters in the file when I open it instead of seeing an integer. Is that normal? The other problem I'm facing is reading that again from the file! The code I tried to read didn't work at all :( I tried it with "fread" but I'm not sure if I should use "fseek" with it or it just read the other character after it. Forgive me but I'm a beginner :(

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  • Time complexity of a powerset generating function

    - by Lirik
    I'm trying to figure out the time complexity of a function that I wrote (it generates a power set for a given string): public static HashSet<string> GeneratePowerSet(string input) { HashSet<string> powerSet = new HashSet<string>(); if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input)) return powerSet; int powSetSize = (int)Math.Pow(2.0, (double)input.Length); // Start at 1 to skip the empty string case for (int i = 1; i < powSetSize; i++) { string str = Convert.ToString(i, 2); string pset = str; for (int k = str.Length; k < input.Length; k++) { pset = "0" + pset; } string set = string.Empty; for (int j = 0; j < pset.Length; j++) { if (pset[j] == '1') { set = string.Concat(set, input[j].ToString()); } } powerSet.Add(set); } return powerSet; } So my attempt is this: let the size of the input string be n in the outer for loop, must iterate 2^n times (because the set size is 2^n). in the inner for loop, we must iterate 2*n times (at worst). 1. So Big-O would be O((2^n)*n) (since we drop the constant 2)... is that correct? And n*(2^n) is worse than n^2. if n = 4 then (4*(2^4)) = 64 (4^2) = 16 if n = 100 then (10*(2^10)) = 10240 (10^2) = 100 2. Is there a faster way to generate a power set, or is this about optimal?

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