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• How to Manage CSS Explosion

  - by Jason

  I have been heavily relying on CSS for a website that I am working on (currently, everything is done as property values within each tag on the website and I'm trying to get away from that to make updates significantly easier). The problem I am running into, is I'm starting to get a bit of "CSS explosion" going on. It is becoming difficult for me to decide how to best organize and abstract data within the CSS file. For example: I am using a large number of div tags within the website (previously it was completely tables based). So I'm starting to get a lot of CSS that looks like this... div.title { background-color: Blue; color: White; text-align: center; } div.footer { /* Stuff Here */ } div.body { /* Stuff Here */ } etc. It's not too bad yet, but since I am learning here, I was wondering if recommendations could be made on how best to organize the various parts of a CSS file. What I don't want to get to is where I have a separate CSS attribute for every single thing on my website (which I have seen happen), and I always want the CSS file to be fairly intuitive. (P.S. I do realize this is a very generic, high-level question. My ultimate goal is to make it easy to use the CSS files and demonstrate their power to increase the speed of web development so other individuals that may work on this site in the future will also get into the practice of using them rather than hard-coding values everywhere.)

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• JDBC/OSGi and how to dynamically load drivers without explicitly stating dependencies in the bundle?

  - by Chris

  Hi, This is a biggie. I have a well-structured yet monolithic code base that has a primitive modular architecture (all modules implement interfaces yet share the same classpath). I realize the folly of this approach and the problems it represents when I go to deploy on application servers that may have different conflicting versions of my library. I'm dependent on around 30 jars right now and am mid-way though bnding them up. Now some of my modules are easy to declare the versioned dependencies of, such as my networking components. They statically reference classes within the JRE and other BNDded libraries but my JDBC related components instantiate via Class.forName(...) and can use one of any number of drivers. I am breaking everything up into OSGi bundles by service area. My core classes/interfaces. Reporting related components. Database access related components (via JDBC). etc.... I wish for my code to be able to still be used without OSGi via single jar file with all my dependencies and without OSGi at all (via JARJAR) and also to be modular via the OSGi meta-data and granular bundles with dependency information. How do I configure my bundle and my code so that it can dynamically utilize any driver on the classpath and/or within the OSGi container environment (Felix/Equinox/etc.)? Is there a run-time method to detect if I am running in an OSGi container that is compatible across containers (Felix/Equinox/etc.) ? Do I need to use a different class loading mechanism if I am in a OSGi container? Am I required to import OSGi classes into my project to be able to load an at-bundle-time-unknown JDBC driver via my database module? I also have a second method of obtaining a driver (via JNDI, which is only really applicable when running in an app server), do I need to change my JNDI access code for OSGi-aware app servers?

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• When can we expect Core JEE Patterns from SUN/Oracle like we already have for J2EE?

  - by Digambar Daund

  Just like we have www.corej2eepatterns.com for J2EE, when can we expect any resource(book) on patterns for JEE5/6?

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• ASP.NET MVC IoC usability

  - by Andrew Florko

  Hello everybody, How often do you use IoC for controllers/DAL in real projects? IoC allows to abstract application from concrete implementation with additional layer of interfaces that should be implemented. But how often concrete implementation changes? Should we really have to do job twice adding method to interface then the implementation if implementation hardly will ever be changed? I took part in about 10 asp.net projects and DAL (ORM-like and not) was never rewritten completely. Watching lots of videos I clearly understand that IoC "is cool" and the really nice way to program, but does it really needed?

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• How much of STL is too much?

  - by Darius Kucinskas

  I am using a lot of STL code with std::for_each, bind, and so on, but I noticed that sometimes STL usage is not good idea. For example if you have a std::vector and want to do one action on each item of the vector, your first idea is to use this: std::for_each(vec.begin(), vec.end(), Foo()) and it is elegant and ok, for a while. But then comes the first set of bug reports and you have to modify code. Now you should add parameter to call Foo(), so now it becomes: std::for_each(vec.begin(), vec.end(), std::bind2nd(Foo(), X)) but that is only temporary solution. Now the project is maturing and you understand business logic much better and you want to add new modifications to code. It is at this point that you realize that you should use old good: for(std::vector::iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it) Is this happening only to me? Do you recognise this kind of pattern in your code? Have you experience similar anti-patterns using STL?

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• What should be the "trunk" development, or release

  - by Nix

  I have the unfortunate opportunity of source control via Borland's StarTeam. It unfortunately does very few things well, and one supreme weakness is its view management. I love SVN and come from an SVN mindset. Our issue is post production release we are spending countless hours merging changes into a "production support" environment. Please do not harass me this was not my doing, I inherited it and am trying to present a better way of managing the repository. It is not an option to switch to a different SCM tool. Current setup Product.1.0 (TRUNK, current production code, and at this level are pending bug fixes) Product.2.0(true trunk anything checked in gets tested, and then released next production cycle, a lot of changes occur in this view) My proposal is going to be to swap them, have all development be done on the trunk (Production), tag on releases, and as needed create child views to represent production support bug fixes. Production Production.2.0.SP.1 I can not find any documentation to support the above proposal so I am trying to get feedback on whether or not the change is a good idea and if there is anything you would recommend doing differently.

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• Best Practice for Utilities Class?

  - by Sonny Boy

  Hey all, We currently have a utilities class that handles a lot of string formatting, date displays, and similar functionality and it's a shared/static class. Is this the "correct" way of doing things or should we be instanciating the utility class as and when we need it? Our main goal here is to reduce memory footprint but performance of the application is also a consideration. Thanks, Matt PS. We're using .NET 2.0

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• How to build a JSON response by combining @foo.to_json(options) and @bars.to_json(options) in Rails

  - by smotchkkiss

  First, the desired result I have User and Item models. I'd like to build a JSON response that looks like this: { "user": {"username":"Bob!","foo":"whatever","bar":"hello!"}, "items": [ {"id":1, "name":"one", "zim":"planet", "gir":"earth"}, {"id":2, "name":"two", "zim":"planet", "gir":"mars"} ] } However, my User and Item model have more attributes than just those. I found a way to get this to work, but beware, it's not pretty... Please help... My hacks home_controller.rb class HomeController < ApplicationController def observe respond_to do |format| format.js { render :json => Observation.new(current_user, @items).to_json } end end end observation.rb # NOTE: this is not a subclass of ActiveRecord::Base # this class just serves as a container to aggregate all "observable" objects class Observation attr_accessor :user, :items def initialize(user, items) self.user = user self.items = items end # The JSON needs to be decoded before it's sent to the `to_json` method in the home_controller otherwise the JSON will be escaped... # What a mess! def to_json { :user => ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(user.to_json(:only => :username, :methods => [:foo, :bar])), :items => ActiveSupport::JSON.decode(auctions.to_json(:only => [:id, :name], :methods => [:zim, :gir])) } end end

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• What to do of exceptions when implementing java.lang.Iterator

  - by Vincent Robert

  The java.lang.Iterator interface has 3 methods: hasNext, next and remove. In order to implement a read-only iterator, you have to provide an implementation for 2 of those: hasNext and next. My problem is that these methods does not declare any exceptions. So if my code inside the iteration process declares exceptions, I must enclose my iteration code inside a try/catch block. My current policy has been to rethrow the exception enclosed in a RuntimeException. But this has issues because the checked exceptions are lost and the client code no longer can catch those exceptions explicitly. How can I work around this limitation in the Iterator class? Here is a sample code for clarity: class MyIterator implements Iterator { @Override public boolean hasNext() { try { return implementation.testForNext(); } catch ( SomethingBadException e ) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } @Override public boolean next() { try { return implementation.getNext(); } catch ( SomethingBadException e ) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } ... }

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• Proper way in MVVM to drive visual states.

  - by firoso

  Given a content presenter that can display one of 4 different application pages, and I want to fade/otherwise animate a transition between pages based on view model state. Ideally I'd like to have these all defined within a DataTemplate, and then trigger transitions based on an enum from the view model, so that when some enum representing state changes, the transitions trigger to the appropriate page. Is there a known best practice to handle things like this? Immediately coming to mind is the possibiltiy to use Enter and Exit actions on data triggers to play storyboards, but this definately doesn't use the parts and states model, so I'd like to shy away from that. I've also tried using the DataStateSwitchBehavior from the codeplex Expression project, but found it to be incompatable with the latest builds of WPF 4.0/Blend 4 RC's SDK. Does anyone have any ideas on how to handle this elegantly? I'm using the MVVM-Light framework. Also I'd like to point out that as long as this resides on a DataTemplate in a Resource Dictionary, code-behind is not an option without refactoring.

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• What is the basic pattern for using (N)Hibernate?

  - by Vilx-

  I'm creating a simple Windows Forms application with NHibernate and I'm a bit confused about how I'm supposed to use it. To quote the manual: ISession (NHibernate.ISession) A single-threaded, short-lived object representing a conversation between the application and the persistent store. Wraps an ADO.NET connection. Factory for ITransaction. Holds a mandatory (first-level) cache of persistent objects, used when navigating the object graph or looking up objects by identifier. Now, suppose I have the following scenario: I have a simple classifier which is a MSSQL table with two columns - ID (auto_increment) and Name (nvarchar). To edit this classifier I create a form which contains a single gridview and two buttons - OK and Cancel. The user can nearly directly edit the table in the gridview, and when he hits OK the changes he made are persisted to the DB (or if he hits cancel, nothing happens). Now, I have several questions about how to organize this: What should the lifetime of my ISession be? Should I create a single ISession for my whole application; an ISession for each of my forms (the application is single-threaded MDI); or an ISession for every DB operation/transaction? Does NHibernate offer some kind of built-in dirty tracking or must I do this myself? The manual mentions something like it here and there but does not go into details. How is this done? Is there not a huge overhead? Is it somehow tied with the cache(s) that NHibernate has? What are these caches for? Are they not specific to a single ISession? That is, if I use a seperate ISession for every transaction, won't it break the dirty tracking? How does the built-in dirty tracking detect deleted objects?

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• When is JavaScript's eval() not evil?

  - by Richard Turner

  I'm writing some JavaScript to parse user-entered functions (for spreadsheet-like functionality). Having parsed the formula I could convert it into JavaScript and run eval() on it to yield the result. However, I've always shied away from using eval() if I can avoid it because it's evil (and, rightly or wrongly, I've always thought it is even more evil in JavaScript because the code to be evaluated might be changed by the user). Obviously one has to use eval() to parse JSON (I presume that JS libraries use eval() for this somewhere, even if they run the JSON through a regex check first), but when else, other than when manipulating JSON, it is OK to use eval()?

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• How to record different authentication types (username / password vs token based) in audit log

  - by RM

  I have two types of users for my system, normal human users with a username / password, and delegation authorized accounts through OAuth (i.e. using a token identifier). The information that is stored for each is quite different, and are managed by different subsytems. They do however interact with the same tables / data within the system, so I need to maintain the audit trail regardless of whether human user, or token-based user modified the data. My solution at the moment is to have a table called something like AuditableIdentity, and then have the two types inheriting off that table (either in the single table, or as two seperate tables with 1 to 1 PK with AuditableIdentity. All operations would use the common AuditableIdentity PK for CreatedBy, ModifiedBy etc columns. There isn't any FK constraint on the audit columns, so any text can go in there, but I want an easy way to easily determine whether it was a human or system that made the change, and joining to the one AuditableIdentity table seems like a clean way to do that? Is there a best practice for this scenario? Is this an appropriate way of approaching the problem - or would you not bother with the common table and just rely on joins (to the two seperate un-related user / token tables) later to determine which user type matches which audit records?

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• Should I distinguish OpenIDs based on protocol prefix or not? http vs https

  - by Joannes Vermorel

  I have implemented a straightforward OpenID support for my ASP.NET app with DotNetOpenAuth. Yet I recently realized that the implementation was treating http://johndoe.example.com/ as a distinct user compared to https://johndoe.example.com. This lead to quite a few confused users. I am unsure what to do at this point. Is this a bug or a feature? Indeed, I can consider this behavior as a feature: if the user specifies the HTTPS, the user might not want the system to accept HTTP auth in the first place. On the other hand: if the user specifies HTTPS out of sheer cluelessness (the casual web visitor is clueless concerning the purpose of the "S" part), then rejecting it's authentication attempt is confusing. What is considered as the best practice?

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• Fabfile with support for sqlalchemy-migrate deployments?

  - by Chris Reid

  I have database migrations (with sqlalchemy-migrate) working well in my dev environment. However, I'm a little stumped about how to integrate this into my deployment process. I'm using fabric for deployment but having some trouble scripting the migrations part. The path to the to migrations directory in site-packages is dynamic (due to changing egg version number) and I'd rather not hard code my db password into the fabfile. Does anyone have a fabfile that plays nicely with sqlalchemy-migrate?

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• What are potential dangers when using boost::shared_ptr?

  - by dehmann

  What are some ways you can shoot yourself in the foot when using boost::shared_ptr? In other words, what pitfalls do I have to avoid when I use boost::shared_ptr?

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• Asp.Net MVC2 TekPub Starter Site methodology question

  - by Pino

  Ok I've just ran into this and I was only supposed to be checking my emails however I've ended up watching this (and not far off subscribing to TekPub). http://tekpub.com/production/starter Now these app is a great starting point, but it raises one issue for me and the development process I've been shown to follow (rightly or wrongly). There is no conversion from the LinqToSql object when passing data to the view. Are there any negitives to this? The main one I can see is with validation, does this cause issues when using MVC's built in validation as this is somthing we use extensivly. Because we are using the built in objects generated by LinqToSql how would one go about adding validation, like [Required(ErrorMessage="Name is Required")] public string Name {get;set;} Interested to understand the benifits of this methodology and any negitives that, should we take it on, experiance through the development process.

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• Best practice for handling ConnectionDroppedHandler in OCS Server Application

  - by Paul Nearney

  Hi all, In general, it seems that the majority of times that ConnectionDroppedHandler would get called in an OCS server application is for expected reasons e.g. server application has been unregistered, server is shutting down, etc. Are there any unexpected situations in which ConnectionDroppedHandler can be called? Basically, i'm wondering whether it will ever be necessary to log an error to the event log from this event handler. Many thanks, Paul

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• CSS Negative margins for positioning.

  - by Kyle Sevenoaks

  Is it ok to use negative margins for positioning? I have a lot in my current site and feel like it's not such a stable way to position things. I usually suggest to use them too. For example I have a checkout page with three divs on top of each other <div class="A"> header </div> <div class="B"> content </div> <div class="C"> footer </div> (A, B and C), which are meant to sit on top of each other, to appear attached. I did this using: .B { margin-top: -20px; } On div B, to meet the bottom of div A. Is this good practice or shall I re-code using top and left?

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• Book/tutorial that teaches how to make programs that are easy to maintain and are less coupled?

  - by grokker

  Hi, I'm a PHP programmer and I really want to increase the quality of my code and most importantly I want to be better at programming. What book, tutorial or article would you guys suggest that I read that teaches how to make programs that are less coupled and easy to maintain? Are there any specific tips for PHP especially for the CakePHP framework? Thanks in advance!

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• Worst gross technical knowledge gap you've seen?

  - by Bob Albright

  What's the worst technical misunderstanding you've ever seen? Worst abuse of a good system due to lack of knowledge?

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• Optimal UI For Single Zip Code Entry on iPhone

  - by sylvanaar

  I need to prompt the user to enter his/her zip code at certain times in my iPhone application. I cannot store it or get it from the user's current location. What is the optimal input method? I started with a 5 wheel picker. This seemed like a bad direction, so I opted for a PIN-like entry screen. My implepentation is about the same as the 'enter passcode' screen you see when unlocking the iphone - including automatically ending input on the 5th digit instead of providing a return/enter button. Does this seem optimal? Or is there a better way? Note: I only need to accept a 5 digit US zip code.

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• To log in stored procedures?

  - by hgulyan

  If you have a long running SP, do you log somehow it's actions or just wait for this message? "Command(s) completed successfully." I assume, that there can be plenty solutions on this subject, but is there any best practice - a simple solution that is frequently used?

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• ASP.NET MVC null ViewResult

  - by David Neale

  How should one deal with an MVC controller returning a null ViewResult? As an example I am creating a simple edit view: public ActionResult Edit(int id) { var person = (from p in context.SWLiftShare_Persons where p.id == id select p).SingleOrDefault(); if (person != null) { return View(person); } else return View(); } I guess in reality there's no point in checking for a null result in the controller because the view picks out properties from the model: <h2>Edit - <%= Html.Encode(Model.Name) %></h2> <%= Html.ValidationSummary("Edit was unsuccessful. Please correct the errors and try again.") %> <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%> <fieldset> <legend>Fields</legend> <p> <label for="id">id: <%= Html.Encode(Model.id) %></label> </p> <p> <label for="CollarNumber">CollarNumber:</label> <%= Html.TextBox("CollarNumber", Model.CollarNumber)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("CollarNumber", "*") %> </p> <p> <label for="Name">Name:</label> <%= Html.TextBox("Name", Model.Name)%> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("Name", "*") %> </p> <p> <label for="EmailAddress">EmailAddress:</label> <%= Html.TextBox("EmailAddress", Model.EmailAddress, new { style = "width:300px" })%> <%= Html.ValidationMessage("EmailAddress", "*") %> </p> <p> <input type="submit" value="Save" /> </p> </fieldset> <% } %> I could just wrap everything in a <% if(Model != null) { //render edit markup... etc. but that seems rather unelegant. Is there a better way to deal with this?

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• Which articles I've should read before starting to make my custom drawn winforms app?

  - by Dmitriy Matveev

  Hello! I'm currently developing a windows forms application with a lot of user controls. Some of them are just custom drawn buttons or panels and some of them are a compositions of these buttons and panels inside of FlowLayoutPanels and TableLayoutPanels. And the window itself is also custom drawn. I don't have much experience in winforms development, but I've made a proper decomposition of proposed design into user controls and implementation is already almost finished. I've already solved many arisen problems during development by the help of the google, msdn, SO and several dirty hacks (when nothing were helping) and still experiencing some of them. There are a lot of gaps in my knowledge base, since I don't know answers to many questions like: When I should use things like double buffer, suspended layout, suspended redraw ? What should I do with the controls which shouldn't be visible at some moment ? Common performance pitfalls (I think I've fallen in in several ones) ? So I think there should be some great articles which can give some knowledge enough to avoid most common problems and improve performance and maintainability of my application. Maybe some of you can recommend a few?

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