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• SSH not working after Restoring Running-Config to a Replacement Cisco Router

  - by Kyle Brandt

  One of my Cisco routers died over the weekend, Cisco sent the replacement and I restored the the config using copy tftp: running-config. Everything seems to work fine but I can no longer ssh into the router (I can telnet). The connection is refused, so it isn't listening on port 22 it seems like. I had previously backed up the config by just doing ssh router 'show run' > backup_config from my workstation. So: Is there anything wrong with my method of backup vs copy running-config tftp:? I know I haven't given any debug information, but is there something typical I need to do to get ssh working?

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• Cisco ASA - Unable to create "range" type of network object on 8.2

  - by j2k4j

  I'm wanting to block a range of ip addresses on my Cisco ASA 5520 (8.2) using ASDM 6.4. In the help files/cisco documentation, it says, just create a network object with a "range" type, and use that in a blocking access rule... When I'm accessing the ASA (8.2) with ASDM 6.4, I go to configfirewallobjectnetwork objects & groups, then click "add" to add the IP range as a "network object", I get the following 4 fields to fill out: Name: IP address: Netmask: Description: That's all... In the context-sensitive help files, it says that there should be a Type drop-down to select, with "range" being one of the options, but there is no "Type" drop-down list... If I try to create a "network object group" instead of just "network object", then I get a "Type" drop down list, but it only contains two options: network & host (No "Range" option here either) Can someone help me figure out how to block a range of IP's, using the current 8.2 version on the ASA? Thanks for any pointers or tips!

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• Cannot access any remote resource after connecting to Cisco VPN on Vista

  - by Deepak Singh Rawat

  I have installed Cisco vpn client version 5.0.07.0290 on Vista Business SP2. I am able to successfully connnect to the vpn. But after connecting I am not able to access any resource in the vpn (like database, other computers in the network etc.). I have tried the following without any success : Older versions of the client Other vpn clients like Shrewsoft : same issue as the cisco vpn client Disabled Internet Connection Sharing service Installed the client in the root administrator account Run the installer as administrator Run the vpngui and ipsecdialer in XP compatibility mode and as administrator I am not sure how to troubleshoot this issue. Can somebody please help me in troubleshooting this issue? P.S : I've Zonealarm firewall, can that be an issue?

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• configure HTTPS server on a cisco router

  - by Sara

  For the past week I was trying to configure an HTTPS server on a cisco 2900 router, I've used the following commands and assigned a username and password to privilege 15 however, when Im trying to access a given ip it requires a username and password however when I insert the username and password I configured it does not allow me to enter and i'm not sure where the problem is. Router(config)# ip http secure-server Router(config)# ip http authentication local These were the commands i used for the https server and also I used the following to assign the username and password Router(config)#username name privilege 15 secret 0 password where 'name' and 'password' represent the username and password respectively I'm trying to access the 192.168.14.1 interface on the router and the username and password i created are not authorized to enter (I got the commands from a cisco router manual)

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• Cisco 350 Bridge vxWorks connecting to IOS

  - by jinanwow

  I have 2 bridges one is a Cisco 350 Bridge with vxWorks as a non-root bridge w/o clients and another Cisco 350 Bridge running IOS set as Root Bridge. It seems no matter what configuration I can't seem to associate the vxworks to the IOS bridge. I have even tried swapping the roles and they still do not communicate. Any ideas how I can make the two connect, I would have upgraded the 350 to IOS as well but it will not upgrade. From my research it appears there is no way for these two devices to communicate but I wanted to be sure of that.

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• VLAN issues between linux kernels 2.6 / 3.3 in an ESX / Cisco environment

  - by David Griffith

  I shall attempt to explain an issue I have encountered - I have a VM running on esx 4.1 with an interface connected to VLAN800 via an access port on a cisco 3750. It runs linux - kernel 2.6.24, and has about 5 to 10 Mbit of chatter on 10.10.0.0/16 and various multicast addresses to look after. I needed to isolate certain devices from certain other devices on the network, with all of them having to talk to that one VM. No, the address space can't be separated, nor can the networks be easily vlan'd apart. The software on the VM listens to one interface only. Private vlans appear to be the way to go. So as a test, I built a bridge on the VM that globs together the vlans as needed. All good, everything works as expected. But occasionally (sigh) there's some latency that trips up a couple of profinet devices on the network because, you know, you're not really supposed to trunk real-time protocols around the place willy-nilly. I shift it to our test/backup server - works nicely, but I don't want it to be running on the test server as we muck around with that a lot. So I says to myself, "I'll put it on a new VM for testing and tweaking." I download a small linux distro with kernel 3.3, and install as a new VM with a the vlans as separate interfaces for testing. I power up the testing VM - ok. I bring up all the separate interfaces - ok. I can ping the production VM, see all sorts of traffic going past with tshark, etc. I build a bridge and put the primary vlan on it - the production VM running 2.6 immediately loses its multicast traffic - Unicast is fine. (?) I shut down the bridge - still no multicast traffic (!?) I power-cycle the production VM(!?!?) - multicast traffic returns. I trunk everything into the testing VM and create vlan interfaces under linux instead - same result, as soon as I start the bridge.... no multicast on the production VM. Ok, so I take a break and leave things alone. I decide to play with a couple of ubiquiti bullet radios - I'm testing various firmware as a side project. I flash a radio with Open-wrt-12.09. I enable a trunk on a port on a cisco on our network so I can muck around with multiple vlans and SSIDs I power up the radio and connect - ok. I create a vlan interface from the trunk.... the same vlan as the production VM wayyyyy over there, three cisco routers away. Ok. I bridge the vlan interface to the wifi interface and immediately get a phone call. The production VM has (suprise!) lost its multicast traffic. Again, nothing comes back until I power-cycle the VM. What the hell is going on?

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• cisco vpn and on demand routing

  - by Chris Lively

  We need to connect to a partner via a Cisco VPN from one of our internal servers. This server is already configured for demand dial routing to a different partner, using windows RRAS. The partner provided us the group authentication credentials and the regular logon credentials. Basically, I need to configure it so that when this server needs to access a specific host it will automatically establish the vpn connection and route that specific traffic to them. How can I do this? I've installed the Cisco VPN Client (5.0.07.0440) on the server and I can open it up and connect. However, I'm stuck on how to configure this to automatically happen.

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• Good reference for Cisco Resilient Ethernet Protocol

  - by Karthik

  I have been trying to understand Cisco's Resilient Ethernet Protocol, but am unable to find a proper source to read from. I checked the Cisco site and also their White Paper on REP. But none of them helped to understand REP clearly. Googling was also of not much help, as all I got was explanation about configuration instructions and not on the protocol itself. Can you guys point me to a good book or site, which explains Resilient Ethernet Protocol in detail? Thanks in advance.

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• Secondary fallback/failover network on Cisco ASA

  - by tyranitar

  In my network there is a Cisco ASA 55x0 with "inside" interface (network 192.168.79.0/24) and "outside" interface (network 89.x.x.48/29) There is this nat rule: object network NAToutside nat (inside,outside) dynamic interface and the static route route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 89.x.x.49 1 and all ACL rules. Now I have another new outside network by another ISP called "outside2", this network is already natted and the Cisco ASA in in the network 192.168.70.0/24. I would use this network as a fallback one. So I set the nat rule: object network NAToutside2 nat (inside,outside2) dynamic interface and the static route with a different metric route outside2 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.70.1 2 Clearly it doesn't work: when I disconnect the outside ethernet cable no workstation can connect to the Internet throught the outside2 network... What do I need more?

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• Suggest Cisco Router for a small company of 60-100 Users

  - by user69154

  Trying to find the right router to use - we'd like to go Cisco. We have ~60 programmers that do alot of remote server work. Will grow to 100 programmers by the end of the year. We've talked to companies that sell Cisco routers. While they make recommendations, we feel that the sales guys may be selling us an overkill solution. What kind of company (that is not linked to sales of routers) can provide a service to recommend the right kind of router for our company? There are lots of network engineers out there, but am looking for some company that focuses on advising a network solution. Any suggestions of companies are welcome.

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• Can a Cisco 3550 be used as router?

  - by kubiej21

  I'm not sure if this is the correct place to ask such a question, but I'll give it a shot anyway. If it isn't, let me know, and I'll remove this post. Anyway, very recently I picked up a Cisco 3550 just to play around with networking and to familiarize myself with Cisco's command line configuration due to the fact that I will be working an electrical engineering internship in which I will have to deal with various networking issues (yes, I agree that a CSNA would be much better suited for this task, but since its part of the job requirements, I'm willing to learn about it). What I was wondering, is whether or not my 3550 can act as a router. I know its a L3 switch, but does that mean it can take the place of a router?

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• MAC to IP binding in ASA 5510 / SG 300-52

  - by Sampsa

  I am trying to configure a Cisco ASA 5510 to assign specific IP-addresses to specific MACs. Firmware on my ASA is 8.2(5). I have used this feature in our previous device (Cisco SA-520W). I have also read that this feature is (not yet) implemented. How do I work around this problem, if not by direct assignment? Do I need to specify fixed IP's on concerned devices themselves? I also have a SG 300-52 switch for our LAN. We cannot specify IP-addresses to ports, because we have further switches down the line. Thank you for your help!

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• Configuring CESoPSN using Cisco MWR 2941

  - by Rayne

  I'm trying to configure CESoPSN on two Cisco MWR 2941 routers, but the alarm LED lights are always lit. My configuration is modeled after this sample configuration. My setup is as follows: On the Cisco MWRs, E1 0/5 is configured to be CESoPSN, E1 0/9 is configured to be CESoPSN (CAS mode), and E1 0/7 is configured to be SAToP. The two MWRs are connected to each other via the GigabitEthernet port 0/2. The GigE ports are configured as a vlan because the ports are L2 ports and cannot be assigned an IP address directly. The two Cisco MWRs are connected to a traffic simulator, i.e. the traffic simulator will play out E1 traffic to MWR 1 and record the output traffic from MWR 2. On my traffic simulator, when it's connected to the E1 ports 0/5 and 0/9 (both CESoPSN configurations), the "Remote" alarm is on. However, when connected to the E1 ports 0/7 (SAToP configuration), no alarms were on. The GigE connection seems to be working fine (both LED lights on the 2 ports are green). The SAToP configuration seems to be fine too (Left LED is green, right LED is off on both E1 0/7 ports). However, both CESoPSN configurations seem to be not working (Left LED is green, right LED is yellow on both E1 0/5 and 0/9 ports). I don't know if there's anything wrong with my configuration for the CESoPSN, as I'm very new to this. The relevant portions of the configuration are as follows: MWR 1: controller E1 0/5 clock source internal cem-group 5 timeslots 1-31 description E1 CESoPSN example ! controller E1 0/7 clock source internal cem-group 7 unframed description E1 SATOP example ! controller E1 0/9 mode cas clock source internal cem-group 9 timeslots 1-24 description E1 CESoPSN CAS example ! interface Loopback0 ip address 30.30.30.1 255.255.255.255 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 100 mpls ip ! interface CEM0/5 no ip address cem 5 xconnect 30.30.30.2 305 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface CEM0/7 no ip address cem 7 xconnect 30.30.30.2 307 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface CEM0/9 no ip address cem 9 signaling inband-cas xconnect 30.30.30.2 309 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface Vlan100 ip address 50.50.50.1 255.255.255.0 no ptp enable mpls ip ! no ip classless ip forward-protocol nd ip route 30.30.30.2 255.255.255.255 50.50.50.2 ! MWR 2: controller E1 0/5 clock source internal cem-group 5 timeslots 1-31 description E1 CESoPSN example ! controller E1 0/7 clock source internal cem-group 7 unframed ! controller E1 0/9 mode cas clock source internal cem-group 9 timeslots 1-24 description E1 CESoPSN CAS example ! interface Loopback0 ip address 30.30.30.2 255.255.255.255 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 switchport access vlan 100 mpls ip ! interface CEM0/5 no ip address cem 5 xconnect 30.30.30.1 305 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface CEM0/7 no ip address cem 7 xconnect 30.30.30.1 307 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface CEM0/9 no ip address cem 9 signaling inband-cas xconnect 30.30.30.1 309 encapsulation mpls ! ! interface Vlan100 ip address 50.50.50.2 255.255.255.0 no ptp enable mpls ip ! no ip classless ip forward-protocol nd ip route 30.30.30.1 255.255.255.255 50.50.50.1 ! If anyone is familiar with CESoPSN configurations, please advise.

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• QoS basics on a Cisco ASA

  - by qbn

  Could someone briefly explain how to use QoS on Cisco ASA 5505? I have the basics of policing down, but what about shaping and priorities? Basically what I'm trying to do is carve out some bandwidth for my VPN subnets (in an object-group called priority-traffic). I've seen this Cisco QoS document, however configuring shaping and priority-queue don't seem to have any effects in my test. A full download of the linux kernel from kernel.org will boost a ping to a server via VPN sky high. Policing has been successful in passing this test, although it doesn't seem as efficient (I cap non-vpn traffic at 3 of my 4.5 megabits of bandwidth). Am I misunderstanding the results of the test? I think there is some simple concept I'm not grasping here. EDIT: Here is my config thus far (I have 4.5 megabits of bandwidth): access-list priority-traffic extended permit ip object-group priority-traffic any access-list priority-traffic extended permit ip any object-group priority-traffic access-list priority-traffic extended permit icmp object-group priority-traffic any access-list priority-traffic extended permit icmp any object-group priority-traffic access-list non-priority-traffic extended deny ip object-group priority-traffic any access-list non-priority-traffic extended deny ip any object-group priority-traffic access-list non-priority-traffic extended permit ip any any priority-queue outside queue-limit 440 class-map non-priority-traffic match access-list non-priority-traffic class-map priority-traffic match access-list priority-traffic class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp policy-map outbound-qos-policy class non-priority-traffic police input 2500000 police output 2500000 class priority-traffic priority service-policy global_policy global service-policy outbound-qos-policy interface outside

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• File transfer problems through VPN when Cisco IPS is enabled

  - by Richard West

  We have a Cisco ASA 5510 firewall with the IPS module installed. We have a customer that we must connect to via VPN to their network to exchange files via FTP. We use the Cisco VPN client (version 5.0.01.0600) on our local workstations, which are behind the firewall and subject to the IPS. The VPN client is successful in connecting to the remote site. However when we start the FTP file transfer we are able to upload only 150K to 200K of data, then everything stops. A minute later the VPN session is dropped. I think I have isolated this to an IPS issue by temporarily disabling the Service Policy on the ASA for the IPS with the following command: access-list IPS line 1 extended permit ip 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 inactive After this command was issued I then established the VPN to the remote site and was successful in transferring the entire file. While still connected to the VPN and FTP session I issued the command to enable the IPS: access-list IPS line 1 extended permit ip 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 The file transfer was tried again and was once again successful so I closed the FTP session and reopened it, while keeping the same VPN session open. This file transfer was also successful. This told me that nothing with the FTP programs was being filtered or causing the problem. Furthermore, we use FTP to exchange files with many sites everyday without issue. I then disconnected the original VPN session, which was established when the access-list was inactive, and reconnected the VPN session, now with the access-list active. After starting the FTP transfer the file stopped after 150K. To me this seems like the IPS is blocking, or somehow interfering with the initial VPN setup to the remote site. This only started happening last week after the latest IPS signature updates were applied (sig version 407.0). Our previous sig version was 95 days old becuase the system was not auto updating itself. Any ideas on what could be causing this problem?

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• ESXI 5.1 - Unable to trunk to cisco switch

  - by Lance

  I have configured my esxi host vSwitch1 to use the secondary NIC on my VMware host. On vSwitch1 configuration I have set the VLAN to 4095 which specifies to allow all VLANs. If my cisco switch port configuration is set to an access port my server can ping the vlan interface on the switch. If my cisco switch port configuration is set to a trunk, whilst it stays UP UP and CDP information is available, I lose my ping from VMware VM server to the local vlan interface on the switch and I lose any server connectivity to my network. Switch NIC teaming policy to Route based on originating virtual port ID Configuration based on: http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=1006628 interface GigabitEthernet0/42 description Host Port switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk allowed vlan 18,220 switchport mode trunk switchport nonegotiate spanning-tree portfast trunk end Output from ESXI CLI esxcfg-vswitch -l: ~ # esxcfg-vswitch -l Switch Name Num Ports Used Ports Configured Ports MTU Uplinks vSwitch0 128 5 128 1500 vmnic0 PortGroup Name VLAN ID Used Ports Uplinks VM Network 4095 1 vmnic0 Management Network 4095 1 vmnic0 Switch Name Num Ports Used Ports Configured Ports MTU Uplinks vSwitch1 128 4 128 1500 vmnic1 PortGroup Name VLAN ID Used Ports Uplinks VM Network 2 4095 1 vmnic1 Any tips welcome!!!

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• Cisco ASA: Routing packets based on where the connections started from

  - by DrStalker

  We have a Cisco ASA 5505 (version 8.2(2)) with three interfaces: outside: IP address 11.11.11.11, this is the default route inside: IP address 10.1.1.1, this is the local subnet newlink: 22.22.22.22, this is a new internet connection. We need to move VPN users from the 11.11.11.11 address to the 22.22.22.22 address, and we're using SSH on the ASA as to test and sort out the routing. The problem we have is this: If we define a particular IP as being on a static route out the newlink interface then it can SSH to 22.22.22.22 fine. If we do not define a static route then the traffic hits the ASA, but the return traffic does not come back over newlink; presumably it gets sent over the outside interfcae as that is the default route. We can't define a static route for each remote endpoint because there are dialup VPN users, who obviously change IP a lot What we need to do is configure the ASA so if a connection comes in on the newlink interface then the outgoing packets for that go over the newlink interface, not the default route. With iptables this should be do-able by marking the connection and doing mark-routing, but what is the equivalent for a Cisco ASA?

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• Delay NTP Initialisation, Cisco 877W, IOS 12.4(24)T1

  - by Mike Insch

  I have a Cisco 877W which I'm using for my home ADSL connection (and as a refresher in Cisco IOS). I've got a working config in-place with my PPPoA connection coming online correctly, and VLANs and other settings configured as I want them, but I can't crack the NTP configuration. For NTP, I have the following defined ntp server 0.uk.pool.ntp.org source Dialer0 ntp server 1.uk.pool.ntp.org source Dialer0 ntp server 2.uk.pool.ntp.org source Dialer0 ntp server 3.uk.pool.ntp.org source Dialer0 This setup works fine when issued in Global Configuration Mode when the Dialer0 interface (ATM0.1) is up. The configuration fails at startup though: Translating "1.uk.pool.ntp.org"...domain server (208.67.222.222) (208.67.220.220) ntp server 1.uk.pool.ntp.org source Dialer0 ^ % Invalid input detected at "^" marker. This is repeated for the other servers defined. Obviously the DNS lookup for the server(s) fails because the DNS servers cannot be accessed because the external interface is not yet online. Is there a way to delay the NTP configuration until afte the Dialer0 interface is fully initialised? Can the NTP commands be triggered by the Line Protocol on the Dialer0 interface transitioning to the up state? Alternatively, can the NTP commands be delayed for 5 minutes after the router has finished initialising? Any advice, or pointers to useful documentation or examples gratefully received ...

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• VPN Trunk Between Cisco ASA 5520 and DrayTek Vigor 2930

  - by David Heggie

  I'm a bit of a VPN newbie, so please go easy on me ... I'm trying to use the VPN trunking capabilities of the DrayTek Vigor 2930 firewall to bond two IPSec VPN connections to a Cisco ASA 5520 device and I'm getting myself tied in knots and hope someone here with more knowledge / experience can help. I have a remote site with two ADSL connections and the DrayTek box. The main office site has the Cisco ASA device. I am able to setup a single IPSec connection between the two sites on either of the ADSL connections' public IP addresses, but as soon as I try to use the VPN bonding, nothing works. The VPN tunnels are both still up, but the traffic is getting lost somewhere. I suspect it's due to the ASA not knowing how to route the traffic back over the VPN - one minute, traffic from my remote office's network is coming from public ip address #1, the next it's coming from public address #2 and it doesn't know what to do. Well, that's my newbie impression of what's going wrong, but I don't really know: If this is really what's happening If what I'm trying to do (bond two VPN connections from a single remote network to improve the bandwidth / resiliency) is possible with the kit I've got Could anyone help?

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• Cisco Pix 515 ip addressing

  - by Rickard

  I have just gotten my hands on a Cisco Pix 515 (not 515E) with 3 interfaces, and are just about to start some labs. In my lab, I am using a real life scenario from an actual setup at work. As I have no access to the device at work, I am simply trying to replicate the scenario by trial and error. At work, we are given two IP addresses from the provider, which is 1-to-1 nated addresses. The addresses we are allowed to use are: 10.131.35.4-5/29 Now, we have 3 servers on a DMZ, 192.168.2.2-4/24 and 17 client computers on 192.168.1.100-117/24 aswell as some static addressed devices on 192.168.1.8-18/27 My question is, how would I best set up so that the machines on the DMZ get's translated to 10.131.35.4 and the machines on 192.168.1.* will be translated to 10.131.35.5 I don't expect or want anyone to give me a fully functional config, I may learn from it, but I'd prefer to just have some advices or maybe a guide on how to set it up. I hope someone can shed some light over my situation, have been looking through google but I guess I don't the searchwords I'm using isn't too good as I can't find any good clues. THank you very much! PS. Maybe I should add, I am not unfamiliar with the Cisco CLI, as I prefer using that before any gui's. So not really looking for any solutions for the ASDM. DS.

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• Cisco ASA with CSC module bypassing

  - by Shial

  We recently upgraded from a Watchguard X5500e Peak firewall appliance to a Cisco 5500 ASA with the CSC module. The ASA is running the 8.2 software and the CSC is on the 6.3.1172 software. We've finally gotten everything stabilized after a few weeks of pulling hairs and gnashing of teeth and now its down to trying to setup a few items that were lower on the priority list. With the watchguard we were able to go with the browser to an internal webpage and authenticate against the firewall to allow us to bypass the filters. Useful when a classroom here needs access to streaming media or an executive needs us to download a video. I'm trying to setup something similar but I'm fairly inexperienced with the Cisco devices like this ASA so I'm not sure if its treated as a VPN connection or some kind of ACL. Ideally we would want to setup more than one to limit exposure rather than one thats wide open when used. I did a search and couldn't find anything related to thing in the other questions asked here and I have had no luck googgling it either.

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• How to use WPA2 client mode in the Linux-based Cisco WAP4410N access point

  - by joechip

  I have a Cisco WAP4410N access point that I want to use as a client to connect to a WPA2 wireless network (for WLAN service monitoring purposes). Supposedly this access point supports a "Wireless Client/Repeater" mode that allows to do this. The Repeater function is optional (I have that box unchecked so that nobody can connect to this access point wirelessly). I have verified through SSH that the access point gets configured as a client and not as a Master. But it never associates to the SSID I ask it to. This is what iwconfig shows: ath04 IEEE 802.11ng ESSID:"myownssid" Mode:Managed Channel:0 Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:0 kb/s Tx-Power:14 dBm Sensitivity=1/3 Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=0/94 Signal level=161/162 Noise level=161/161 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 Although I've never done this from the command line, I suppose I could use wpa_supplicant or wpa_client to associate it, but I don't know how to do that without editing configuration files and the filesystem is readonly. Besides, I would have to run those commands manually after every reboot. I'd like to know how to do this the Cisco way, if possible. If not, any trick to make this work would be useful. Edit: This is with the latest firmware, 2.0.4.2. And I found that not all of the filesystem is readonly, since /var and /tmp are mounted with type ramfs.

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• Unable to PPTP through NAT on Cisco 881

  - by MasterRoot24

  I'm trying to connect to a PPTP server which is sat behind a Cisco 881 NAT router. The server is running Ubuntu Server 12.04 and is running Poptop pptpd as the PPTP daemon listening for connections. As discussed in my other question, I'm trying to setup a Cisco 881 router to replace my old Linksys WAG320N. This same server and WAN connection worked fine with the WAG320N with no special configuration, other than allowing 1723 in through the firewall. On the Cisco 881, I'm using the newer ip nat enable or NAT NVI to setup static routes in through the firewall for the services running behind the router. My reason being that I can't run another copy of my live DNS domains internally with local IP addresses in. For the purposes of this question, though, I have rebuilt the router with ip nat inside/outside style NAT'ing, but this issue is still apparent. HTTP/SMTP/IMAP etc. all work ok from both the WAN and LAN interfaces of the router. I'm only having issues with SIP (see other question) and PPTP. My issue is that the GRE doesn't appear to be passing through NAT correctly and one end of the connection is not receiving GRE traffic when it should be, so the server hangs up the connection. Here's an example of /var/log/syslog with debug enabled in /etc/pptpd.conf: Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: MGR: Launching /usr/sbin/pptpctrl to handle client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: local address = 192.168.1.50 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: remote address = 192.168.1.51 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: pppd options file = /etc/ppp/pptpd-options Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Client 82.132.248.216 control connection started Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 1) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Made a START CTRL CONN RPLY packet Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: I wrote 156 bytes to the client. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Sent packet to client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 7) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Set parameters to 100000000 maxbps, 64 window size Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Made a OUT CALL RPLY packet Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: pty_fd = 6 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: tty_fd = 7 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: I wrote 32 bytes to the client. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Sent packet to client Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): program binary = /usr/sbin/pppd Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): local address = 192.168.1.50 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22627]: CTRL (PPPD Launcher): remote address = 192.168.1.51 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Using interface ppp0 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/3 Dec 11 21:06:30 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: GRE: Bad checksum from pppd. Dec 11 21:06:31 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Received PPTP Control Message (type: 15) Dec 11 21:06:31 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Got a SET LINK INFO packet with standard ACCMs Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Connection terminated. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> avahi-daemon[1042]: Withdrawing workstation service for ppp0. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Modem hangup Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pppd[22627]: Exit. Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=6075a0,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Reaping child PPP[22627] Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Client 82.132.248.216 control connection finished Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[22626]: CTRL: Exiting now Dec 11 21:07:00 <HOSTNAME> pptpd[5803]: MGR: Reaped child 22626 As far as Cisco are concerned, all I need is ip nat source static tcp <SERVER LAN IP> 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 but of course this doesn't seem to the be helping the GRE traffic through as it should. Trying the connection to the LAN IP of the server from the same LAN as the server (behind the router), the PPTP connection works fine, so I'm confident that the server's config is ok. Furthermore, all I needed on my WAG320N was to open 1723 in the firewall. Here's my current router config: ! ! Last configuration change at 20:20:15 UTC Tue Dec 11 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption ! hostname xxx ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! enable secret 4 xxxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 xxx quit ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! ip domain list dmz.xxx.local ip domain list xxx.local ip domain name dmz.xxx.local ip name-server 192.168.1.x ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn xxx ! ! username admin privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username joe secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.x 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.x 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ! ! ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 2 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line vty 0 4 access-class 2 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input all ! ! end UPDATE 16/12/2012: The only progress that I have been able to make on this issue is that I'm confident that the issue is caused by the GRE tunnels (which are required for the PPTP connection to complete) are being blocked. When attempting a connection, I can see in show ip nat nvi translations that both a TCP translation on 1723 is setup and also a GRE translation is setup also. I appear to be able to see GRE related packets on the LAN that the server is on, so I am lead to believe that the server is sending(?) GRE packets, however running Wireshark on a client PC when attempting a connection shows absolutely no GRE packets. Whilst there are no configuration directives in my config posted above (that I can pin point) which would specifically block them, it would appear that the GRE packets are not being allowed in/out of the router's firewall, even though a NAT translation entry is setup to the server's LAN address. Would anyone be able to provide me with some help to ensure that GRE packets are not blocked by the router's firewall, so that this can be ruled out as a possible issue please?

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• i cant ping to my DMZ zone from the local inside PC

  - by Big Denzel

  HI everybody. Can anyone please help me on the following issue. I got a Cisco Asa 5520 configured at my network. I cant ping to my DMZ interface from a local inside network PC. so the only way a ping the DMZ is right from the Cisco ASA firewall, there i can pint to all 3 interfaces, Inside, Outside and DMZ,,,, But no PC from the Inside Network can access the DMZ. Can please any one help? I thank you all in advance Bellow is my Cisco ASA 5520 Firewall show run; ASA-FW# sh run : Saved : ASA Version 7.0(8) ! hostname ASA-FW enable password encrypted passwd encrypted names dns-guard ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 description "Link-To-GW-Router" nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 41.223.156.109 255.255.255.248 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 description "Link-To-Local-LAN" nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.252.0 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 description "Link-To-DMZ" nameif dmz security-level 50 ip address 172.16.16.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/3 shutdown no nameif no security-level no ip address ! interface Management0/0 description "Local-Management-Interface" no nameif no security-level ip address 192.168.192.1 255.255.255.0 ! ftp mode passive access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit tcp any host 41.223.156.107 eq smtp access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit tcp any host 41.223.156.106 eq www access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit icmp any any log access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended deny ip any any access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq pop3 access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq smtp access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq ssh access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq telnet access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq https access-list inside extended permit udp any any eq domain access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq domain access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq www access-list inside extended permit ip any any access-list inside extended permit icmp any any access-list dmz extended permit ip any any access-list dmz extended permit icmp any any access-list cap extended permit ip 10.1.4.0 255.255.252.0 172.16.16.0 255.255.25 5.0 access-list cap extended permit ip 172.16.16.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.0 255.255.25 2.0 no pager logging enable logging buffer-size 5000 logging monitor warnings logging trap warnings mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 mtu dmz 1500 no failover asdm image disk0:/asdm-508.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (dmz,outside) tcp 41.223.156.106 www 172.16.16.80 www netmask 255.255.255 .255 static (dmz,outside) tcp 41.223.156.107 smtp 172.16.16.25 smtp netmask 255.255.2 55.255 static (inside,dmz) 10.1.0.0 10.1.16.0 netmask 255.255.252.0 access-group OUT-TO-DMZ in interface outside access-group inside in interface inside access-group dmz in interface dmz route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 41.223.156.108 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 timeout mgcp-pat 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 10.1.4.0 255.255.252.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 management-access inside ! ! match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns maximum-length 512 inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect skinny inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect sip inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global Cryptochecksum: : end ASA-FW# Please Help. Big Denzel

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• Multiple Set Peer for VPN Failover

  - by Kyle Brandt

  I will have two Cisco routers at Location A serving the same internal networks, and one router in location B. Currently, I have one router in each location with a IPSec site-to-site tunnel connecting them. It looks something like: Location A: crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location B set peer 12.12.12.12 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Location B: crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location A set peer 11.11.11.11 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Can I achieve fail over by simply adding another set peer at location B?: Location A (New secondary Router, configuration on previous router stays the same): crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location B set peer 12.12.12.12 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Location B (Configuration Changed): crypto map crypto-map-1 1 ipsec-isakmp description Tunnel to Location A set peer 11.11.11.11 ! 11.11.11.100 is the ip of the new second router at location A set peer 11.11.11.100 set transform-set ESP-3DES-SHA match address internal-ips Cisco Says: For crypto map entries created with the crypto map map-name seq-num ipsec-isakmp command, you can specify multiple peers by repeating this command. The peer that packets are actually sent to is determined by the last peer that the router heard from (received either traffic or a negotiation request from) for a given data flow. If the attempt fails with the first peer, Internet Key Exchange (IKE) tries the next peer on the crypto map list. But I don't fully understand that in the context of a failover scenerio (One of the routers as Location A blowing up).

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