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  • Wireless Repeating with two Netgear N750 (WNDR4300)

    - by jomo1911
    I have a Netgear N750 as my main router, which connects to the internet via a modem. I have a second Netgear N750 which I want to use to repeat the wireless signal of the main router. I logged in to routerlogin of my main router (192.168.1.1) and set up the "Wireless Repeating Function". I set it as the "Wireless Base Station" and filled in the MAC adress of my second Netgear N750. Then I logged in to routerlogin of my second router and set it up as the "Wireless Repeater", I gave it the IP 192.168.1.11 and filled in the MAC adress of the base station. During the setup of the second router (Repeater) I had to disable all security functions. If I connect to the repeaters' WLAN signal, I get no internet connection. Maybe you can help me, thanks

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  • How to put "gnome-panel" like icons in GNOME 3?

    - by gasko peter
    I can't put icons on my GNOME-panel (I mean the right click on the panel doesn't works, and I can drag&drop icons from my Desktop to my gnome-panel): $ dpkg -l | grep -i gnome-panel ii gnome-panel 1:3.2.0-0ubuntu1 launcher and docking facility for GNOME ii gnome-panel-data 1:3.2.0-0ubuntu1 common files for the GNOME Panel Why? What can disable it?? How can I enable this standard feature? I'm using Ubuntu 11.10

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  • How can I configure the embedded wireless card in a Toshiba Satellite Pro 4600 to work under Lubuntu 10.10?

    - by MoLE
    I'm struggling to get the embedded wireless card in this laptop to work. In 7.10 (gutsy) it worked fine. Now I'm trying to get 10.10 (maverick) working on it, and am using the Lubuntu flavour due to the low resources of this laptop. The hardware: Appears to be an embedded pcmcia card. pccardctl ident gives: Socket 0: product info: "TOSHIBA", "Wireless LAN Card", "Version 01.01", "" manfid: 0x0156, 0x0002 function: 6 (network) The default kernel recognises the card and loads the orinoco_cs driver. orinoco_cs 0.0: Hardware identity 0005:0002:0001:0002 orinoco_cs 0.0: Station identity 001f:0001:0006:000e orinoco_cs 0.0: Firmware determined as Lucent/Agere 6.14 Then for some reason, the driver isn't happy with this and gives: orinoco_cs 0.0: Hardware identity 0005:0002:0001:0002 orinoco_cs 0.0: Station identity 001f:0002:0009:0030 orinoco_cs 0.0: Firmware determined as Lucent/Agere 9.48 All seems ok until I try to associate with my access point using Network Manager. eth1: Lucent/Agere firmware doesn't support manual roaming repeated about 10 times then NM gives up. According to the linuxwireless.org wiki page on this driver, this is a known issue, and I quote: Known issues Roaming and WPA_supplicant Lucent/Agere firmware doesn't support manual roaming On the Agere cards, roaming is controlled by the firmware instead of userspace. You will get the above message if userspace attempts to associate with a specific AP rather than by SSID. If you are using wpa_supplicant use ap_scan=2 mode. NetworkManager uses wpa_supplicant, so the above also applies. At this point my google-fu has failed me, and I can't find how to configure network manager to use the mystical "ap_scan=2" mode via wpa_supplicant. I have tried the following suggested solutions (from launchpad or the forums) deleting the agere* files from /lib/firmware using wicd instead of network manager combining both blacklisting the orinoco_cs driver in an attempt to force use of the hostap_cs driver instead (in case it is a prism2 card). Obviously none of them have worked for me. Any hints on how to perform the suggested workaround above? Edit: I have also confirmed working on 8.10 (intrepid) live CD.

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  • VMware player suspends on screensaver

    - by Chad
    I have this problem with my VMWare player. When my host operating system either goes into screen saver or I lock the work station with Windows Key + L. VMWare player pauses or halts everything. So when i come back to the computer and there is a background task working inside the virtual machine it does not progress until i've actualy loged back on. Is there any way to stop this behaviour with VMWare player and keep it running in the background even when the screen saver or the work station is locked? Version of VMWare is: 3.0.0 build-203739

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  • Productivity strategies for one developer using many PCs

    - by DeveloperDon
    In a talk about time management, a famous computer scientist said: "One machine in your life is the right number." He recommended a laptop with a docking station. After trying this approach for about a month, I miss my more powerful desktop (i7 quad core hyperthread), but it is not in my technology road map (or budget) to upgrade from my old Intel Core 2 Duo (2006) notebook this year. What strategies can help me use the desktop while at my desk and without much manual effort the notebook when I am on the go?

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  • how to create text file in window service

    - by angel ansari
    Hi, I have an XML file <config> <ServiceName>autorunquery</ServiceName> <DBConnection> <server>servername</server> <user>xyz</user> <password>klM#2bs</password> <initialcatelog>TEST</initialcatelog> </DBConnection> <Log> <logfilename>d:\testlogfile.txt</logfilename> </Log> <Frequency> <value>10</value> <unit>minute</unit> </Frequency> <CheckQuery>select * from credit_debit1 where station='Corporate'</CheckQuery> <Queries total="3"> <Query id="1">Update credit_debit1 set station='xxx' where id=2</Query> <Query id="2">Update credit_debit1 set station='xxx' where id=4</Query> <Query id="3">Update credit_debit1 set station='xxx' where id=9</Query> </Queries> </config> using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Text; using System.IO; using System.Xml; namespace Service1 { public partial class Service1 : ServiceBase { XmlTextReader reader = null; string path = null; FileStream fs = null; StreamWriter sw = null; public Service1() { InitializeComponent(); } protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { timer1.Enabled = true; timer1.Interval = 10000; timer1.Start(); logfile("start service"); } protected override void OnStop() { timer1.Enabled = false; timer1.Stop(); logfile("stop service"); } private void logfile(string content) { try { reader = new XmlTextReader("queryconfig.xml");//xml file name which is in current directory if (reader.ReadToFollowing("logfilename")) { path = reader.ReadElementContentAsString(); } fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write); sw = new StreamWriter(fs); sw.Write(content); sw.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString()); } catch (Exception ex) { sw.Write(ex.ToString()); throw; } finally { if (reader != null) reader.Close(); if (sw != null) sw.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); } } } } My problem is that the file is not created.

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  • XML transform element appearing in wrong place in document

    - by Mike
    I am having some problems with an XML transform and need some help. The stylesheet should iterate through all suffix elements and place the contents without the suffix tag next to the last text node within its first ancestor quote-block element (see desired ouput). It works when only a single suffix is present, but not when 2 are present, when 2 are present it places both suffixes next to each other in the last text node of the first quote-block. Any ideas? I have tried limiting the selections to ancestor::quote-block[1] in various places but that doesn't have the desired effect. Source XML <paragraph> <para> <quote-block> <list prefix-rules="specified"> <item prefix="“B42"> <para id="0a84d149-91b7-4012-ac6d-9f4eb8ed6c37">In June 2000, EME and EWS reached an agreement to negotiate towards a direct contract for coal haulage by rail (on a DIY basis), which would replace the previous indirect E2E arrangements that EME had in place with ECSL. An internal EWS e-mail noted: <quote-block> <quote-para>‘We did the deal with Edison Mission yesterday morning for LBT-Fiddlers @ £[…]/tonne as agreed. This rate until 16th September pending a contract.</quote-para> <quote-para><emphasis strength="strong">Enron are now off our hands so far as Edison are concerned. The Enron flows we have left are to British Energy’s station at Eggborough; from Immingham, Redcar and Hull</emphasis>. Also to Enron’s own power station at Wilton – 250,000 tonnes/year. I think we are stuck Enron [sic] on the Eggborough traffic until next April when British Energy will, hopefully take over their own coal procurement. <emphasis strength="strong">But we have got them out of Fiddlers Ferry and Ferrybridge – a big step forward</emphasis>.’</quote-para> <suffix>(Emphasis added.)</suffix> </quote-block> </para> </item> <item prefix="B43"> <para id="d64a5a72-0a02-476f-9a7b-7c07bbc93a8a">This e-mail is evidence of both EWS’s intent and, indeed, its success in stopping ECSL from carrying out indirect supplies to EME, one of the new generating companies.”</para> </item> </list> <suffix>(emphasis in original)</suffix> </quote-block> </para> </paragraph> Stylesheet <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://xml.sm.com/schema/cases/report" xmlns:sm="http://xml.sm.com/functions" xmlns:saxon="http://saxon.sf.net/" xpath-default-namespace="http://sm.com/schema/cases/report" exclude-result-prefixes="xs sm" version="2.0"> <xsl:output method="xml" indent="no"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <xsl:apply-templates/> </xsl:template> <xsl:template match="*"> <xsl:copy> <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> <xsl:apply-templates/> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> <!-- Match quote-blocks with open or close attributes. --> <xsl:template match="*[*:quote-block and descendant::*:suffix]"> <xsl:call-template name="process-quote-block"/> </xsl:template> <!-- Match inline quote with open or close attributes --> <xsl:template match="*[*:quote and descendant::*:suffix]"> <xsl:call-template name="process-quote-block"/> </xsl:template> <!-- Process the quote block --> <xsl:template name="process-quote-block"> <xsl:variable name="quoteBlockCopy"> <xsl:copy-of select="."/> </xsl:variable> <xsl:apply-templates select="$quoteBlockCopy" mode="append-suffix"> <xsl:with-param name="suffix" select="sm:get-suffix-note(.)"/> <xsl:with-param name="end-node" select="sm:get-last-text-node($quoteBlockCopy)"/> </xsl:apply-templates> </xsl:template> <!-- Match quote-blocks with open or close attributes. --> <xsl:template match="*[*:quote-block and descendant::*:suffix][ancestor::*:quote-block[1]]" mode="create-copy"> <xsl:call-template name="process-quote-block"/> </xsl:template> <!-- Match inline quote with open or close attributes --> <xsl:template match="*[*:quote and descendant::*:suffix]" mode="create-copy"> <xsl:call-template name="process-quote-block"/> </xsl:template> <!-- This will match all elements. Just copy and pass through the parameters. --> <xsl:template match="*" mode="append-suffix"> <xsl:param name="suffix"/> <xsl:param name="end-node"/> <xsl:copy> <xsl:copy-of select="@*"/> <xsl:apply-templates mode="append-suffix"> <xsl:with-param name="suffix" select="$suffix"/> <xsl:with-param name="end-node" select="$end-node"/> </xsl:apply-templates> </xsl:copy> </xsl:template> <!-- Apply the text node to the content. If the node is equal to the last node then append the descendants of suffix --> <xsl:template match="text()[normalize-space() != '']" mode="append-suffix"> <xsl:param name="suffix"/> <xsl:param name="end-node"/> <xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="count(. | $end-node) = 1"> <xsl:value-of select="."/> <xsl:apply-templates select="$suffix"/> </xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise> <!-- Or maybe neither. --> <xsl:value-of select="."/> </xsl:otherwise> </xsl:choose> </xsl:template> <!-- Dont copy suffix as --> <xsl:template match="*:suffix" mode="append-suffix"/> <xsl:function name="sm:get-suffix-note"> <xsl:param name="node"/> <xsl:sequence select="$node/descendant::*:suffix/node()"/> </xsl:function> <xsl:function name="sm:get-last-text-node"> <!-- Finds last non-empty text() node, ignoring <suffix> elements that are a child of this specific quote-block. --> <xsl:param name="node"/> <xsl:sequence select="reverse($node//text()[not(ancestor::*:suffix) and normalize-space() != ''])[1]"/> </xsl:function> </xsl:stylesheet> Current Output XML <paragraph> <para> <quote-block> <list prefix-rules="specified"> <item prefix="“B42"> <para id="0a84d149-91b7-4012-ac6d-9f4eb8ed6c37">In June 2000, EME and EWS reached an agreement to negotiate towards a direct contract for coal haulage by rail (on a DIY basis), which would replace the previous indirect E2E arrangements that EME had in place with ECSL. An internal EWS e-mail noted: <quote-block> <quote-para>‘We did the deal with Edison Mission yesterday morning for LBT-Fiddlers @ £[…]/tonne as agreed. This rate until 16th September pending a contract.</quote-para> <quote-para><emphasis strength="strong">Enron are now off our hands so far as Edison are concerned. The Enron flows we have left are to British Energy’s station at Eggborough; from Immingham, Redcar and Hull</emphasis>. Also to Enron’s own power station at Wilton – 250,000 tonnes/year. I think we are stuck Enron [sic] on the Eggborough traffic until next April when British Energy will, hopefully take over their own coal procurement. <emphasis strength="strong">But we have got them out of Fiddlers Ferry and Ferrybridge – a big step forward</emphasis>.’</quote-para> </quote-block> </para> </item> <item prefix="B43"> <para id="d64a5a72-0a02-476f-9a7b-7c07bbc93a8a">This e-mail is evidence of both EWS’s intent and, indeed, its success in stopping ECSL from carrying out indirect supplies to EME, one of the new generating companies.”(Emphasis added.)(emphasis in original)</para> </item> </list> </quote-block> </para> </paragraph> Desired Ouput <paragraph> <para> <quote-block> <list prefix-rules="specified"> <item prefix="“B42"> <para id="0a84d149-91b7-4012-ac6d-9f4eb8ed6c37">In June 2000, EME and EWS reached an agreement to negotiate towards a direct contract for coal haulage by rail (on a DIY basis), which would replace the previous indirect E2E arrangements that EME had in place with ECSL. An internal EWS e-mail noted: <quote-block> <quote-para>‘We did the deal with Edison Mission yesterday morning for LBT-Fiddlers @ £[…]/tonne as agreed. This rate until 16th September pending a contract.</quote-para> <quote-para><emphasis strength="strong">Enron are now off our hands so far as Edison are concerned. The Enron flows we have left are to British Energy’s station at Eggborough; from Immingham, Redcar and Hull</emphasis>. Also to Enron’s own power station at Wilton – 250,000 tonnes/year. I think we are stuck Enron [sic] on the Eggborough traffic until next April when British Energy will, hopefully take over their own coal procurement. <emphasis strength="strong">But we have got them out of Fiddlers Ferry and Ferrybridge – a big step forward</emphasis>.’(Emphasis added.)</quote-para> </quote-block> </para> </item> <item prefix="B43"> <para id="d64a5a72-0a02-476f-9a7b-7c07bbc93a8a">This e-mail is evidence of both EWS’s intent and, indeed, its success in stopping ECSL from carrying out indirect supplies to EME, one of the new generating companies.”(emphasis in original)</para> </item> </list> </quote-block> </para> </paragraph>

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  • My EliteBook is not auto picking 1080p for external monitor, poor display on forcing

    - by Griever
    I'm connecting my Samsung LED S22A300B to my HP EliteBook 6930p through VGA out. Laptop has Intel 4500MHD video card. I have latest drivers installed for both card and monitor. Only 800x600 and 1024x768 are shown. A lot of other people get this problem when they use it with docking station as discussed here. But I am not using any docking station. The monitor works great with my desktop though. As advised on the aforementioned page, one of the things I tried was to force the resolution using Intel's "custom resolution" feature. I installed PowerStrip on my desktop and copied advanced timing values(front/back porch,sync width, etc.) from there and then used the same values while defining a custom resolution in my laptop's Intel graphics utility. As a result, I got the 1080p resolution but the display is poor. Text has some weird colored shadow and sometimes on images too. What should I do?

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  • Dlink DWA-556 Access point fails to start on 2.6.35-25 while 2.6.35-24 works. How can I do this with >2.6.35-24?

    - by Azendale
    I'm using hostapd to run an access point with a Dlink DWA-556 wireless N card. However, I can no longer get it to start when I use kernels greater than 2.6.35-24. Here's a log where I ran the uname -a&&hostapd -c <configfile> on the different kernel versions. Linux erikbandersen 2.6.35-24-generic #42-Ubuntu SMP Thu Dec 2 02:41:37 UTC 2010 x86_64 GNU/Linux Configuration file: hostapd.conf ctrl_interface_group=0 Opening raw packet socket for ifindex 248 BSS count 1, BSSID mask ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff (0 bits) SIOCGIWRANGE: WE(compiled)=22 WE(source)=21 enc_capa=0xf nl80211: Added 802.11b mode based on 802.11g information HT40: control channel: 2 secondary channel: 6 RATE[0] rate=10 flags=0x2 RATE[1] rate=20 flags=0x6 RATE[2] rate=55 flags=0x6 RATE[3] rate=110 flags=0x6 RATE[4] rate=60 flags=0x0 RATE[5] rate=90 flags=0x0 RATE[6] rate=120 flags=0x0 RATE[7] rate=180 flags=0x0 RATE[8] rate=240 flags=0x0 RATE[9] rate=360 flags=0x0 RATE[10] rate=480 flags=0x0 RATE[11] rate=540 flags=0x0 Passive scanning not supported Mode: IEEE 802.11g Channel: 2 Frequency: 2417 MHz Flushing old station entries Deauthenticate all stations Using interface wlan1 with hwaddr 1c:bd:b9:d5:e8:3c and ssid 'erikbandersen.com/freewifi' wlan1: Setup of interface done. MGMT (TX callback) ACK Malformed netlink message: len=436 left=256 plen=420 256 extra bytes in the end of netlink message MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb mgmt::auth authentication: STA=3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f auth_alg=0 auth_transaction=1 status_code=0 wep=0 New STA wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f IEEE 802.11: authentication OK (open system) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-AUTHENTICATE.indication(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f, OPEN_SYSTEM) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-DELETEKEYS.request(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f) authentication reply: STA=3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f auth_alg=0 auth_transaction=2 resp=0 (IE len=0) MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::auth cb wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f IEEE 802.11: authenticated mgmt::assoc_req association request: STA=3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f capab_info=0x421 listen_interval=10 Validating WMM IE: OUI 00:50:f2 OUI type 2 OUI sub-type 0 version 1 QoS info 0x0 HT: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f HT Capabilities Info: 0x102c handle_assoc STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f - no greenfield, num of non-gf stations 1 handle_assoc STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f - 20 MHz HT, num of 20MHz HT STAs 1 hostapd_ht_operation_update current operation mode=0x0 hostapd_ht_operation_update new operation mode=0x7 changes=2 new AID 1 wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f IEEE 802.11: association OK (aid 1) MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::assoc_resp cb wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f IEEE 802.11: associated (aid 1) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-DELETEKEYS.request(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f RADIUS: starting accounting session 4DAC8224-00000000 MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::action cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb MGMT (TX callback) ACK mgmt::proberesp cb Signal 2 received - terminating wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-DEAUTHENTICATE.indication(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f, 1) wlan1: STA 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f MLME: MLME-DELETEKEYS.request(3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f) Removing station 3c:4a:92:0e:41:2f hostapd_ht_operation_update current operation mode=0x7 hostapd_ht_operation_update new operation mode=0x0 changes=2 Flushing old station entries Deauthenticate all stations . Linux erikbandersen 2.6.35-25-generic #44-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 21 17:40:44 UTC 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux Configuration file: hostapd.conf ctrl_interface_group=0 Opening raw packet socket for ifindex 248 BSS count 1, BSSID mask ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff (0 bits) SIOCGIWRANGE: WE(compiled)=22 WE(source)=21 enc_capa=0xf nl80211: Added 802.11b mode based on 802.11g information Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=1 freq=2412 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=2 freq=2417 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=3 freq=2422 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=4 freq=2427 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=5 freq=2432 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=6 freq=2437 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=7 freq=2442 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=8 freq=2447 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=9 freq=2452 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=10 freq=2457 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=1 chan=11 freq=2462 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=1 freq=2412 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=2 freq=2417 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=3 freq=2422 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=4 freq=2427 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=5 freq=2432 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=6 freq=2437 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=7 freq=2442 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=8 freq=2447 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=9 freq=2452 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=10 freq=2457 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm Allowed channel: mode=0 chan=11 freq=2462 MHz max_tx_power=27 dBm HT40: control channel: 2 secondary channel: 6 RATE[0] rate=10 flags=0x2 RATE[1] rate=20 flags=0x6 RATE[2] rate=55 flags=0x6 RATE[3] rate=110 flags=0x6 RATE[4] rate=60 flags=0x0 RATE[5] rate=90 flags=0x0 RATE[6] rate=120 flags=0x0 RATE[7] rate=180 flags=0x0 RATE[8] rate=240 flags=0x0 RATE[9] rate=360 flags=0x0 RATE[10] rate=480 flags=0x0 RATE[11] rate=540 flags=0x0 Passive scanning not supported Mode: IEEE 802.11g Channel: 2 Frequency: 2417 MHz Could not set channel for kernel driver wlan1: Unable to setup interface. My wireless card is listed as 02:00.0 Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR5008 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) by lspci. Am I doing it wrong and there's a new way of doing it? I'm holding off upgrading to Natty because of this. What changed between the versions that would cause this? Should I report it as a bug?

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  • Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 8 &ndash; Wireless Networking

    - by MarkPearl
    After reading this section you should be able to Explain how nodes exchange wireless signals Identify potential obstacles to successful transmission and their repercussions, such as interference and reflection Understand WLAN architecture Specify the characteristics of popular WLAN transmission methods including 802.11 a/b/g/n Install and configure wireless access points and their clients Describe wireless MAN and WAN technologies, including 802.16 and satellite communications The Wireless Spectrum All wireless signals are carried through the air by electromagnetic waves. The wireless spectrum is a continuum of the electromagnetic waves used for data and voice communication. The wireless spectrum falls between 9KHZ and 300 GHZ. Characteristics of Wireless Transmission Antennas Each type of wireless service requires an antenna specifically designed for that service. The service’s specification determine the antenna’s power output, frequency, and radiation pattern. A directional antenna issues wireless signals along a single direction. An omnidirectional antenna issues and receives wireless signals with equal strength and clarity in all directions The geographical area that an antenna or wireless system can reach is known as its range Signal Propagation LOS (line of sight) uses the least amount of energy and results in the reception of the clearest possible signal. When there is an obstacle in the way, the signal may… pass through the object or be obsrobed by the object or may be subject to reflection, diffraction or scattering. Reflection – waves encounter an object and bounces off it. Diffraction – signal splits into secondary waves when it encounters an obstruction Scattering – is the diffusion or the reflection in multiple different directions of a signal Signal Degradation Fading occurs as a signal hits various objects. Because of fading, the strength of the signal that reaches the receiver is lower than the transmitted signal strength. The further a signal moves from its source, the weaker it gets (this is called attenuation) Signals are also affected by noise – the electromagnetic interference) Interference can distort and weaken a wireless signal in the same way that noise distorts and weakens a wired signal. Frequency Ranges Older wireless devices used the 2.4 GHZ band to send and receive signals. This had 11 communication channels that are unlicensed. Newer wireless devices can also use the 5 GHZ band which has 24 unlicensed bands Narrowband, Broadband, and Spread Spectrum Signals Narrowband – a transmitter concentrates the signal energy at a single frequency or in a very small range of frequencies Broadband – uses a relatively wide band of the wireless spectrum and offers higher throughputs than narrowband technologies The use of multiple frequencies to transmit a signal is known as spread-spectrum technology. In other words a signal never stays continuously within one frequency range during its transmission. One specific implementation of spread spectrum is FHSS (frequency hoping spread spectrum). Another type is known as DSS (direct sequence spread spectrum) Fixed vs. Mobile Each type of wireless communication falls into one of two categories Fixed – the location of the transmitted and receiver do not move (results in energy saved because weaker signal strength is possible with directional antennas) Mobile – the location can change WLAN (Wireless LAN) Architecture There are two main types of arrangements Adhoc – data is sent directly between devices – good for small local devices Infrastructure mode – a wireless access point is placed centrally, that all devices connect with 802.11 WLANs The most popular wireless standards used on contemporary LANs are those developed by IEEE’s 802.11 committee. Over the years several distinct standards related to wireless networking have been released. Four of the best known standards are also referred to as Wi-Fi. They are…. 802.11b 802.11a 802.11g 802.11n These four standards share many characteristics. i.e. All 4 use half duplex signalling Follow the same access method Access Method 802.11 standards specify the use of CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) to access a shared medium. Using CSMA/CA before a station begins to send data on an 802.11 network, it checks for existing wireless transmissions. If the source node detects no transmission activity on the network, it waits a brief period of time and then sends its transmission. If the source does detect activity, it waits a brief period of time before checking again. The destination node receives the transmission and, after verifying its accuracy, issues an acknowledgement (ACT) packet to the source. If the source receives the ACK it assumes the transmission was successful, – if it does not receive an ACK it assumes the transmission failed and sends it again. Association Two types of scanning… Active – station transmits a special frame, known as a prove, on all available channels within its frequency range. When an access point finds the probe frame, it issues a probe response. Passive – wireless station listens on all channels within its frequency range for a special signal, known as a beacon frame, issued from an access point – the beacon frame contains information necessary to connect to the point. Re-association occurs when a mobile user moves out of one access point’s range and into the range of another. Frames Read page 378 – 381 about frames and specific 802.11 protocols Bluetooth Networks Sony Ericson originally invented the Bluetooth technology in the early 1990s. In 1998 other manufacturers joined Ericsson in the Special Interest Group (SIG) whose aim was to refine and standardize the technology. Bluetooth was designed to be used on small networks composed of personal communications devices. It has become popular wireless technology for communicating among cellular telephones, phone headsets, etc. Wireless WANs and Internet Access Refer to pages 396 – 402 of the textbook for details.

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  • Android RTSP coding problem

    - by NetApex
    I have Googled my butt off trying to find where if there is a surefire way to make rtsp work. I have a radio station that I listen to that streams via rtsp. Of course by default Android doesn't want to play it. If I pop the URL into yourmuze.fm and create a station there it lets me stream it to my phone. After checking how it works I come to find that it streams to the phone via rtsp! So obviously there is something amiss. What makes one stream work and one not? This is the stream I am attempting : rtsp://wms2.christiannetcast.com/yes-fm It is an audio stream so I would be thrilled with most peoples problem of "it only does audio and not video." When yourmuze.fm streams, DDMS states it brings up MovieView to play the audio if that helps at all.

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  • NoSQL and meteorological data

    - by christian studer
    So there's this new cool thing, these NoSQL-databases. And so there's my data: Rows of rows of rows of meteorological data: Values, representing certain measurements at a certain station (Identified by a WMO number, not coordinates), at a certain time. Not every station measures every parameter, not every parameter is measured all the time. I store this data (30 years worth of hourly values, resulting in ~1 billion values) currently in MySQL. The continous growth and the forseeable addition of even more data give me a little headache. Reading about the document based NoSQL systems which seem to scale rather easily, I was wondering if NoSQL is a viable data storage concept for meteorological data too. Do you have any experience with this?

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  • Play Shoutcast MP3 radio stream with Python?

    - by Zachary Brown
    I have managed to create an online radio station using Shoutcast and Sam Broadcaster. Now, I am wanting to build my own player for that radio station. I am not sure where to begin, I have googled, but no luck. I am using Python 2.6 on Microsoft Windows. I have managed to capture the stream and save it as an MP# on the hard disk, just not sure what to do with it next. I tried playback of the file, but it always pulls up errors. This is the code I have so far: import urllib target = open("broadcast.mp3") conn = urllib.urlopen("http://78.159.104.175:80") while True: target.write(con.read(5200)) Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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  • Implementing simple business model in Haskell

    - by elmes
    Supose we have a very simple model: Station has at least one Train Train has at least two Stations The model has to allow to check what stations any given train visits and to check what trains visit a particular station. How to model it in Haskell? I am a Haskell newbie, so please correct me: once an object is created, you cannot modify it - you can only make a new object based on that one (~immutability). Am I right? If so, I'll have to create a lot of temporary variables with semi-initialized objects (during deserialization or even in unit tests). Basically what I need is an example of modeling domain classes in Haskell - after reading "Learn you a haskell.." I still have no idea how to use this language.

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  • Query to work out possible destinations on a set of routes using SQL Server 2008

    - by RobW
    I'm writing an application that models train routes, which are stored in the database table [TrainStop] as follows: RouteId StationCode StopIndex IsEnabled So a given route consists of several rows with the StopIndex indicating the order. The problem I am trying to solve is to say which stations a user can get to from a given starting station. This would be relatively straightforward BUT it is also possible to disable stops which means that a user cannot get to any destinations after that stop. It is also possible that multiple routes can share stations e.g.: Route 1: A, B, C, D, E Route2: P, Q, B, C, D, R So if a user is at B they can go to C, D, E and R but if station D is disabled they can get to C only. Solving this problem is fairly straightforward within C# but I am wondering whether it can be solved elegantly and efficiently within SQL? I'm struggling to find a way, for each route, to rule out stations past a row that is not enabled.

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  • switching between one and two displays in visual studio

    - by WebDude
    Most of the time I work Visual Studio with two monitors. I setup my Visual Studio to sit nicely across both monitors with code on the one side and property windows etc. on the other. However, occasionally I need to remove into my work station from home where I only have one monitor. What ends up happening is I have to re-setup my entire workspace to be used on one monitor, and when I get back to my work station I have to undo this again to get to my optimal 2 monitor environment. Is there a way to save some set layouts in Visual Studio so I could quickly switch back and forward? Example: One Monitor Layout versus Two Monito Layout?

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  • Get length of a Dictionary

    - by StealthRT
    Hey all i am new at this Dictionary class in VB.net. I am wanting to reteive how many items in the Dictionary array there are: But doing this: Dim showNumber As Integer = tmpShows.Length Does not seem to yield 4 as it should? The code for the Dictionary i have is this: Dim all = New Dictionary(Of String, Object)() Dim info = New Dictionary(Of String, Object)() info!Station = .SelectSingleNode(".//span[@class='channel']").ChildNodes(3).ChildNodes(2).InnerText info!Shows = From tag In .SelectNodes(".//a[@class='thickbox']") Select New With {.Show = tag.Attributes("title").Value, .Link = tag.Attributes("href").Value} Dim tmpShows = all.Item(info!Station) Dim showNumber As Integer = tmpShows.Length What am i missing in order to get the 4 length i am looking for?

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  • Craftsmanship Tour: Day 3 &amp; 4 8th Light

    - by Liam McLennan
    Thursday morning the Illinois public transport system came through for me again. I took the Metra train north from Union Station (which was seething with inbound commuters) to Prairie Crossing (Libertyville). At Prairie Crossing I met Paul and Justin from 8th Light and then Justin drove us to the office. The 8th Light office is in an small business park, in a semi-rural area, surrounded by ponds. Upstairs there are two spacious, open areas for developers. At one end of the floor is Doug Bradbury’s walk-and-code station; a treadmill with a desk and computer so that a developer can get exercise at work. At the other end of the floor is a hammock. This irregular office furniture is indicative of the 8th Light philosophy, to pursue excellence without being limited by conventional wisdom. 8th Light have a wall covered in posters, each illustrating one person’s software craftsmanship journey. The posters are a fascinating visualisation of the similarities and differences between each of our progressions. The first thing I did Thursday morning was to create my own poster and add it to the wall. Over two days at 8th Light I did some pairing with the 8th Lighters and we shared thoughts on software development. I am not accustomed to such a progressive and enlightened environment and I found the experience inspirational. At 8th Light TDD, clean code, pairing and kaizen are deeply ingrained in the culture. Friday, during lunch, 8th Light hosted a ‘lunch and learn’ event. Paul Pagel lead us through a coding exercise using micro-pomodori. We worked in pairs, focusing on the pedagogy of pair programming and TDD. After lunch I recorded this interview with Paul Pagel and Justin Martin. We discussed 8th light, craftsmanship, apprenticeships and the limelight framework. Interview with Paul Pagel and Justin Martin My time at Didit, Obtiva and 8th Light has convinced me that I need to give up some of my independence and go back to working in a team. Craftsmen advance their skills by learning from each other, and I can’t do that working at home by myself. The challenge is finding the right team, and becoming a part of it.

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  • Play Thousands of Online Radio Stations with Shoutcast in VLC

    - by DigitalGeekery
    Are you looking for more variety from your radio stations? Today we’ll take a look at how to easily stream thousands of radio stations to your desktop with VLC media player. Getting Started Select Media from the menu, go to Services Discovery, and click Shoutcast radio listings.   Next, select View from the menu and click Playlist.   Or, click on the Show Playlist button In the Playlist window, click on Shoutcast radio listings in the left pane. You should then see a very long list of Titles displayed on the right. Scroll though the list to find a music genre or topic that interests you. Double-click to expand the list of station options. Select one of the channel listings from the list and double click to begin playing.   Looking for a specific station? Type a search term into the search filter box to see if it is available.   That’s it. Sit back and enjoy listening to your favorite Internet radio programming. If you are a music or talk radio fan, you aren’t likely to run out of listening options in VLC. Want to find some more uses for VLC? Check out our articles on how to copy a DVD, convert video files to MP3, and how to set a video as your desktop wallpaper. Download VLC Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Listen to Over 100,000 Radio Stations in Windows Media CenterListen to Local FM Radio in Windows 7 Media CenterListen and Record Over 12,000 Online Radio Stations with RadioSureGeek Reviews: Play And Record Internet Radio With Screamer RadioWeekend Fun: Watch Television on Your PC with AnyTV TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 Zoofs, find the most popular tweeted YouTube videos Video preview of new Windows Live Essentials 21 Cursor Packs for XP, Vista & 7 Map the Stars with Stellarium Use ILovePDF To Split and Merge PDF Files TimeToMeet is a Simple Online Meeting Planning Tool

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  • At the Java DEMOgrounds - Oracle’s Java Embedded Suite 7.0

    - by Janice J. Heiss
    The Java Embedded Suite 7.0, a new, packaged offering that facilitates the creation of  applications across a wide range of  embedded systems including network appliances, healthcare devices, home gateways, and routers was demonstrated by Oleg Kostukovsky of  Oracle’s Java Embedded Global Business Unit. He presented a device-to-cloud application that relied upon a scan station connected to Java Demos throughout JavaOne. This application allows an NFC tag distributed on a handout given to attendees to be scanned to gather various kinds of data. “A raffle allows attendees to check in at six unique demos and qualify for a prize,” explained Kostukovsky. “At the same time, we are collecting data both from NFC tags and sensors. We have a sensor attached to the back of the skin page that collects temperature, humidity, light intensity, and motion data at each pod. So, all of this data is collected using an application running on a small device behind the scan station."“Analytics are performed on the network using Java Embedded Suite and technology from Oracle partners, SeeControl, Hitachi, and Globalscale,” Kostukovsky said. Next, he showed me a data visualization web site showing sensory, environmental, and scan data that is collected on the device and pushed into the cloud. The Oracle product that enabled all of this, Java Embedded Suite 7.0, was announced in late September. “You can see all kinds of data coming from the stations in real-time -- temperature, power consumption, light intensity and humidity,” explained Kostukovsky. “We can identify trends and look at sensory data and see all the trends of all the components. It uses a Java application written by a partner, SeeControl. So we are using a Java app server and web server and a database.” The Market for Java Embedded Suite 7.0 “It's mainly geared to mission-to-mission applications because the overall architecture applies across multiple industries – telematics, transportation, industrial automation, smart metering, etc. This architecture is one in which the network connects to sensory devices and then pre-analyzes the data from these devices, after which it pushes the data to the cloud for processing and visualization. So we are targeting all those industries with those combined solutions. There is a strong interest from Telcos, from carriers, who are now moving more and more to the space of providing full services for their interim applications. They are looking to deploy solutions that will provide a full service to those who are building M-to-M applications.”

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  • Video Of Discovery Shuttle Launch Recorded From An Airplane

    - by Gopinath
    Last week Thursday evening Space Shuttle Discovery started it’s journey to space station and the launch was recorded from an airplane.  Software developer Neil Monday shot this video aboard his flight from Orland and posted it to YouTube. Check out this embedded video. This article titled,Video Of Discovery Shuttle Launch Recorded From An Airplane, was originally published at Tech Dreams. Grab our rss feed or fan us on Facebook to get updates from us.

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  • unable to see gui

    - by Vikasa
    Hey I have Installed UBUNTU 12.04 on vmware work station on windows 7 but when i start up it in vmware i get a message on black screen of ubuntu i.e. " [ 7.3326] pixx4_smbus 0000:00:07.3: Host SMBus controller not enabled! ", and after that it asks for user id and password on black screen and after entering them i still resides in black screen, i am unable to see GUI. please suggest what to do. i am newer to UBUNTU.

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  • Walmart's Mobile Self-Checkout

    - by David Dorf
    Reuters recently reported that Walmart was testing an iPhone-based self-checkout at a store near its headquarters.  Consumers scan items as they're placed in the physical basket, then the virtual basket is transferred to an existing self-checkout station where payment is tendered.  A very solid solution, but not exactly original. Before we go further, let's look at the possible cost savings for Walmart.  According to the article: Pushing more shoppers to scan their own items and make payments without the help of a cashier could save Wal-Mart millions of dollars, Chief Financial Officer Charles Holley said on March 7. The company spends about $12 million in cashier wages every second at its Walmart U.S. stores. Um, yeah. Using back-of-the-napkin math, I calculated Walmart's cashiers are making $157k per hour.  A more accurate statement would be saving $12M per year for each second saved on the average transaction time.  So if this self-checkout approach saves 2 seconds per transaction on average, Walmart would save $24M per year on labor.  Maybe.  Sometimes that savings will be used to do other tasks in the store, so it may not directly translate to less employees. When I saw this approach demonstrated in Sweden, there were a few differences, which may or may not be in Walmart's plans.  First, the consumers were identified based on their loyalty card.  In order to offset the inevitable shrink, retailers need to save on labor but also increase basket size, typically via in-aisle promotions.  As they scan items, retailers should target promos, and that's easier to do if you know some shopping history.  Last I checked, Walmart had no loyalty program. Second, at the self-checkout station consumers were randomly selected for an audit in which they must re-scan all the items just like you do at a typical self-checkout.  If you were found to be stealing, your ability to use the system can be revoked.  That's a tough one in the US, especially when the system goes wrong, either by mistake or by lying.  At least in my view, the Swedes are bit more trustworthy than the people of Walmart. So while I think the idea of mobile self-checkout has merit, perhaps its not right for Walmart.

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  • Virtual Grocery Store

    - by David Dorf
    Because South Korean's are so busy, Tesco decided that its Homeplus grocery chain should offer a virtual alternative in subways.  As you can see in the video below, shoppers passing through a subway station can see a virtual representation of the store and scan items with their mobile phones.  This builds a shopping list which is delivered to their homes later that day. This is a very cool example of leveraging technology to offer a shopping experience that's different from bricks and clicks.

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