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  • Linux servers seeing bad download performance behind Sonicwall firewall

    - by Joshua Penix
    I'm working with a pair of co-located CentOS Linux servers sitting behind a Sonicwall PRO 2040 Enhanced firewall running in transparent bridge mode. These servers are having a strange problem downloading files more than a few megabytes in size. For example, if I try to wget or FTP a copy of the Linux kernel from kernel.org, the first ~1-2MB will download at 600+K/s, and then throughput will drop off a cliff to 1K/s. I've reviewed all the firewall configuration settings for anything suspicious, but found nothing. More interestingly, I performed the same download with a Windows server sitting behind the same firewall, and it sailed right through at 600+K/s the whole way. Has anyone seen this? Where should I start looking to troubleshoot this problem?

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  • How to use UMLFS?

    - by Vi
    I'm trying to mount what is inside UML session as FUSE filesystem on host. There's "uml_mount" program which looks like a thing for this purpose, but it fails. What is UMLFS (I haven't found any documentation at all) and how to mount it? uml_mount mounts FUSE filesystem and starts uml_mconsole <umid> umlfs <file descriptor> which tries to send this file descriptor to UML kernel (to deal with further FUSE things), but sending fails. Also I haven't found any signs of FUSE inside a kernel. Do I need some special patch for this?

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  • No virtual console on ubuntu 12.10

    - by Buzzzz
    When I try to do a ctr-alt f(1-6) in ubuntu 12.10 I only get a black screen with a blinking cursor but no login prompt. Any ideas on what could be wrong? It is a fresh install of 12.10 using a amd radeon 5850 graphics card. i have tried different things in my /etc/default/grub but at the moment I use the following: # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash vga=normal" #GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="vga=0x0376" #RUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="vga=0x014c" #GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="vga=0x014c" #GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=1600x1200x24 # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console

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  • How do I use memmap to reserve memory on boot?

    - by alexl
    Ive got a laptop with some corrupted ram addresses, so I'm trying to use memmap to reserve them before linux boots up. Ive been trying to use memmap=10M$1024M' as a kernel boot option, but linux crashes (with no errors) and restarts. If I use a different syntax for memmap likememmap=1023M@0M` it boots fine. Do I have to specify a certain size block to reserve or could my kernel version not support reserving memory with memmap? Maybe I'm better off using memmap=exactmap, and if so, could somebody point me to a good faq on how to use it?

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  • How to check use of userva boot option on Win 2K3 server

    - by Tim Sylvester
    I have some 32-bit Win2K3 servers running an application that fails now and then apparently due to heap fragmentation. (Process virtual bytes grows, private bytes does not) I do not have access to the source code or build process of this application. I have modified the boot.ini file on one of these servers to include /userva=2560, half way between the normal mode of operation and the /3GB option. Normally it takes weeks to reach the point of failure, but I'd like to see right away whether this has actually had any effect. As I understand it, this option limits the kernel to the remaining address space (1536MB instead of 2048), but does not necessarily give an application the extra address space, depending on the flags in the application's PE header. How can I determine whether the O/S is allowing a particular application, running in production, to access address space above 2GB? Additionally, what's the best way to monitor the system to ensure that the kernel is not starved for address space, and more generally how should I go about finding the optimal value for this setting?

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  • kill SIGABRT does not generate core file from daemon started from crontab.

    - by Guma
    I am running CentOS 5.5 and working on server application that sometimes I need to force core dump so I can see what is going on. If I start my server from shell and send kill SIGABRT, a core file is created. If I start same program from crontab and then I send the same signal to it the server is "killed" but no core file is generated. Does any one know why is that and what need to be added to my code or changed in system settings to allow core file generation? Just a side note I have ulimit set to unlimited in /etc/profile I have set kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 kernel.core_pattern=/var/cores/%h-%e-%p.core in /etc/sysctl.conf Also my server app was added to crontab under same login id as I am running it from shell. Any help greatly appreciated

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  • Multiple OS's and GRUB chainloading

    - by Kent
    Hi, I want to have multiple OS installations and I have been advised that chain loading using GRUB is a good way to handle this. I have looked at tutorials on the web but I still have some questions before I can start. I want: Windows XP: 20 GB. For running some school stuff and a game which does not work through WINE. Xubuntu 9.04: 85 GB. My main OS. Another Linux distribution: 15 GB . For experimenting and trying Linux distributions out. I will: Wipe and install various distributions quite often on the 15 Use dd to make a copy of my Windows partition after installing it and getting things to work as I like. My experience is that Windows needs to be re-installed maybe once per year to not get bloated and slow. I have been told: To use GRUB chain loading. It will make it easier when kernel upgrades are made in the Linux distributions, as they modify the GRUB boot-menu. To my understanding I need to: (I might very well be mistaken) Install Windows first. Then install Xubuntu and let it write over the MBR with GRUB (I guess this is the default). Get the GRUB on the MBR start Windows XP if I want to (it's done by default), start Xubuntu using the kernel of my choice or defer execution to the boot sector of my other Linux distribution. The actual chain loading will only occur when I want to start my experimental install of Linux. I wonder: Is step 3 above correct and a good way to handle this? Is it also a good way to use chain-loading for both Xubuntu and my experimental Linux installation? How do I get a Linux distribution to install the boot loader it comes with to the boot sector of its partition and not to the MBR? If I can't get it to not touch the MBR. Then I could make a backup of the MBR using dd and then write it back after installing my experimental Linux installation. But then, how would I get the boot loader (lets say GRUB) into the boot sector of the experimental Linux installation? How would it work if said Linux installation gets a new kernel update and needs to update the GRUB menu?

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  • information about /proc/pid/sched

    - by redeye
    Not sure this is the right place for this question, but here goes: I'm trying to make some sense of the /proc/pid/sched and /proc/pid/task/tid/sched files for a highly threaded server process, however I was not able to find a good explanation of how to interpret this file ( just a few bits here: http://knol.google.com/k/linux-performance-tuning-and-measurement# ) . I assume this entry in procfs is related to newer versions of the kernel that run with the CFS scheduler? CentOS distro running on a 2.6.24.7-149.el5rt kernel version with preempt rt patch. Any thoughts?

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  • KVM to Xen migration

    - by qweet
    I've recently been appointed to create some VMs for production use, and went gung ho into making a KVM based VM instead of finding out what our production server uses. I've only recently found out though that our own servers use Xensource OS, and don't look like they're going to be upgraded in the near future. So for the moment, I'm stuck with either two choices- attempting to convert the KVM VM into a Xen VM, or rebuilding what I have into a new Xen VM. Being the lazy person I am, I would rather not have to rebuild the VM. I've looked for some documentation on a procedure to do this, but the only thing I can come up with is an ancient article with some vague instructions. So this is my question, Server Fault- can one migrate a KVM running on a KVM kernel to a Xen kernel? And if so, how?

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  • eTrayz: Replace base system with a bootstrapped Debian

    - by knoopx
    I bought an eTrayz NAS time ago. The device is more or less good but it ships with a closed-source custom linux and a bunch of broken web-apps. I wanted to replace the whole system with a raw Debian installation. I successfully bootstrapped a Lenny Debian into a chroot and I'm able to use use it. However I would like it to be the default system and to boot automatically at login. The device itself ships with a bundled 2.6.24.4 kernel. I think the kernel is on a dedicated flash memory so I would prefere not to re-flash it. What do you think is the best way to accomplish it?

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  • Can a named (bind) crash make a server unreachable?

    - by giorgio79
    My server recently became unreachable, and after restart a named error was the last line I found in /var/log/messages before restart: Jun 26 00:15:06 host named[1303]: error (network unreachable) resolving 'dlv.isc.org/DNSKEY/IN': 2001:500:71::29#53 Jun 26 06:38:55 host kernel: imklog 5.8.10, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Jun 26 06:38:55 host rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="5.8.10" x-pid="1294" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] start Jun 26 06:38:55 host kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Can a named crash make a server unreachable? I doubt it, as I assume I should still be able to login with ssh via IP, but the server did not respond...So, I am trying to make heavy guesses here.

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  • Minimum size of a boot partition on debian

    - by zebonaut
    I'm setting up an old box with Debian. First etch (4.0), because this is the last version that still had boot floppies, then the box is to be upgraded to lenny (5.0) and squeeze (6.0). Therefore, I will end up having a a couple of different kernel versions in the boot partition. If I don't want to be wasteful and if I end up needing a separate boot partition, how large should it be? I've used 10 MB long ago, but that was woody, and only one kernel in the boot partition, and this seems to be too small for what I want to do now.

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  • Centos 6 - How to upgrade module located inside initramfs?

    - by anonymous-one
    We have recently upgraded our e1000e (intel ethernet) module on one of our centos 6.0 boxes. Even tho the module compile and installed fine, the old version is still being used. We have tracked this down to the fact that the e1000e.ko module is located inside the initamfs file for the booting kernel and thus, even tho the module located in /lib/modules/.... was being updated, the old one is still being loaded from inside the initramfs file. After some research, we have found that creating a new initamfs file in centos should be as simple as: /sbin/dracut <initramfs> <kernel-version> Can someone confirm that this is a safe way to basically recreate the initamfs file? This is a non-locally hosted (1000's of km away...) box, and getting support to resolve this if a reboot is unsuccessful will lead to quite a bit of down time. Thanks.

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  • Failing RAM, or something else?

    - by Thanatos
    I have a IBM Thinkpad T43, currently running Windows XP. Programs were crashing, XP was blue-screen-of-deathing, (more than usual) - it was basically unusable, but I couldn't get any informative error out of XP. I booted Ubuntu off a thumbdrive, which made it to the desktop, but as soon as I started to try to do anything, X segfaulted, along with several other services, followed quickly by kernel warnings and a kernel panic. I'm currently running Memtest86+ on this machine, which is spitting out numerous errors. (16k over 3 passes, and counting) The failing areas are numerous, and look something like this: 0001055da4 - XX.X MB, etc. The addresses that fail seem to cluster around 0-20 MB, 250MB, and, more rarely, 750MB, 1000MB, and 1200MB. However, a lot (but not all) of the failing addresses that I've seen end in XXXXXXX?da4 where the ? is a 1 or a 5. The machine has two sticks of RAM, one 512MB, one 1024 MB, the 512MB mapped to the lower addresses, the 1024 MB stick following. Is this indeed RAM failure, or should I consider other things before purchasing more RAM?

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  • Lost Page Write I/O Errors on CentOS LVM setup

    - by Gregg Leventhal
    I have a CentOS 6 box with LVM setup and one of the PVs is a USB disk (I know). One of them is getting the error: Oct 30 10:57:07 alpha01 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-3 Oct 30 10:57:07 alpha01 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-3, logical block 4 Which is causing problems with all of the LVs on it. pvs shows the PV as unknown device. I can ls to the logical volumes and they show up in lvdisplay, but first I get a bunch of IO errors. I made sure the cables are secure between the USB drive. What should I do to get this back up and running for the meanwhile? Should I unmount each LV and run an fsck.ext4 on each one like fsck.ext4 -y /dev/vg1/lv_logvolname ?

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  • modprobe not found at all

    - by timmeyh
    I know that a lot of people had problems finding modprobe which was mostely due to an unconfigured $PATH. This time however I logged into a machine (Linux mymachine 2.6.32-6-pve #1 SMP Mon Jan 23 08:27:52 CET 2012 i686 GNU/Linux with root rights) and modprobe wasn't found at all. This are the steps I have taken so far: - which modprobe => no results - locate modprobe => no results - my $PATH = /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11: - find / -name "modprobe*" => /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe - cat /proc/sys/kernel/modprobe => /sbin/modprobe - /sbin/modprobe => no such file or directory Ass you can see no modprobe at all. Does anyone else has a suggestion/ sollution so I can use modprobe?

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  • Failing RAM, or something else? [closed]

    - by Thanatos
    I have a IBM Thinkpad T43, currently running Windows XP. Programs were crashing, XP was blue-screen-of-deathing, (more than usual) - it was basically unusable, but I couldn't get any informative error out of XP. I booted Ubuntu off a thumbdrive, which made it to the desktop, but as soon as I started to try to do anything, X segfaulted, along with several other services, followed quickly by kernel warnings and a kernel panic. I'm currently running Memtest86+ on this machine, which is spitting out numerous errors. (16k over 3 passes, and counting) The failing areas are numerous, and look something like this: 0001055da4 - XX.X MB, etc. The addresses that fail seem to cluster around 0-20 MB, 250MB, and, more rarely, 750MB, 1000MB, and 1200MB. However, a lot (but not all) of the failing addresses that I've seen end in XXXXXXX?da4 where the ? is a 1 or a 5. The machine has two sticks of RAM, one 512MB, one 1024 MB, the 512MB mapped to the lower addresses, the 1024 MB stick following. Is this indeed RAM failure, or should I consider other things before purchasing more RAM?

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  • Tracing out going connections

    - by Tiffany Walker
    Jan 24 07:00:49 HOST kernel: [875997.380464] Firewall: *TCP_OUT Blocked* IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=108.60.11.15 DST=74.80.225.32 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=18789 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=64823 DPT=81 WINDOW=14600 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Jan 24 07:00:50 HOST kernel: [875998.378321] Firewall: *TCP_OUT Blocked* IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=108.60.11.15 DST=74.80.225.32 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=18790 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=64823 DPT=81 WINDOW=14600 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 I run fcgid so everything runs as a user. But is there a way to trace and figure out who is running an out going script? The sites all share the same IP so it's hard to know which site it is or where the script is located at.

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  • Automatically detecting temperature sensors on startup (Ubuntu 10.10)

    - by dpitch40
    I am very close to achieving my goal of setting up a CPU temperature graph that is displayed in the top panel of my desktop. I have the applet and have gotten it to graph temperatures, which appear to be being sensed correctly. However, my machine doesn't find its temperature sensors by default; I have to run sudo modprobe coretemp for the sensors command to work, then log off and back in before the graph applet starts displaying my temperatures. I am wondering if I can somehow tell the kernel to load the coretemp module on startup so I don't have to keep doing these extra steps. I have tried putting this command in my startup applications, but I think its need for root permission is keeping this from working. Is there a way to set up startup applications with root permission, or some other way to ensure that this module is loaded at startup? If anyone is curious, I'm running 64-bit Ubuntu 10.10 on a Lenovo G770 laptop with a Core i5 processor and the 2.6.35 kernel.

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  • how to reduce time of git pulling each time when you do a make world on Xen source

    - by Registered User
    I am compiling xen from source and each time I do a make world it basically gives some or the other error my problem are not those errors ( I am trying to debug them) but the problem is each time when I do a make world Xen basically pulls things from git repository + rm -rf linux-2.6-pvops.git linux-2.6-pvops.git.tmp + mkdir linux-2.6-pvops.git.tmp + rmdir linux-2.6-pvops.git.tmp + git clone -o xen -n git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeremy/xen.git linux-2.6-pvops.git.tmp Initialized empty Git repository in /usr/src/xen-4.0.1/linux-2.6-pvops.git.tmp/.git/ remote: Counting objects: 1941611, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (319127/319127), done. remote: Total 1941611 (delta 1614302), reused 1930655 (delta 1604595) **Receiving objects: 20% (1941611/1941611), 98.17 MiB | 87 KiB/s, done.** and if you notice the last line it is still consuming my bandwidth pulling things from internet.How can I stop this step each time and use existing git repository?

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  • Deactivate GPU and use IGP

    - by squelos
    I am having some trouble with my Sony Vaio SVE1511W1e laptop. It has an ATI Radeon and the i5 has an IGP (i5 2450m). I don't often use my GPU, and the IGP would be just enough for most usage I do. Therefore, in order to improve the battery life, I wish to deactivate the GPU and use only the IGP. The problem is that my BIOS doesnt allow me to do so. But I believe it is possible to deactivate the GPU 'programatically'. I'm running Debian Wheezy on the 3.2.0.4 AMD64 kernel. The first problem I'm running into is that when I run lspci, my IGP doesnt show up. Could this be because im lacking a kernel module? (I chose a targeted installation). What are the solutions to deactivating a GPU and using an IGP on a Linux System such as debian?

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  • Disable IPv6 on Debian VPS

    - by chris_l
    I have a Debian Lenny VPS, that's running virtualized by Parallels/Virtuozzo. Currently, the network interface doesn't have an IPv6 address - and that's good, because I don't have an ip6tables configuration. But I assume, that I could wake up one day, and ifconfig will show me an ipv6 address for the interface - because I have no control over the kernel or its modules - they're under the control of the hosting company. That would leave the server completely vulnerable to attacks from IPv6 addresses. What would be the best way to disable IPv6 (for the interface or maybe for the entire host)? Usually I would simply disable the kernel module, but that's not possible in this case.

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  • How can I change the amount and size of Linux ramdisks (/dev/ram0 - /dev/ram15)?

    - by Kevin S.
    Using Linux, when I boot I automatically have 16 16MB ramdisks, however, I would like to create one really large ramdisk to test some software. I found that I can adjust the size of the ramdisks already on the system with the kernel boot parameter ramdisk_size however, this makes all 16 ramdisks (/dev/ram0 - /dev/ram15) the size that is specified. So if I want to create a 1GB ramdisk, I would need 16GB of memory. Basically, I want to create one 10GB ramdisk which would be /dev/ram0. How would I go about doing that? I assume there is a kernel boot parameter, but I just haven't found it.

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  • Hyper-V Ubuntu Networking Problems Copying Large Amounts of Data

    - by Anonymous
    I am trying to copy a large amount (about 50 GB) of data over my network from a Hyper-V-hosted virtual machine running Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) to another (non-virtual) Ubuntu host that I plan to use for testing upgrades to one of our web applications. The problem I am having is with the virtual machine, which I shall refer to in what follows as "source.host". This machine is running 64-bit Ubuntu Server with the 2.6.38-8-server kernel and the Microsoft Linux Integration Components for Hyper-V kernel modules (hv_utils, hv_timesource, hv_netvsc, hv_blkvsc, hv_storvsc, and hv_vmbus) loaded. It uses a Hyper-V "synthetic network adapter" for its networking interface. To do the copy, I log on to the machine with the data and run the following commands (Call the remote machine "destination.host".): $ cd /path/to/data $ tar -cvf - datafolder/ | ssh [email protected] "cat > ~/data.tar" This runs for a while and then suddenly stops after transferring somewhere from 2-6 GB. The terminal on the source.host machine displays a Write failed: broken pipe error. The odd part is this: after this occurs, the "source.host" machine is no longer able to talk to the rest of the network. I cannot ping any other hosts on the network from the "source.host" machine, and I cannot ping the "source.host" machine from any other host on the network. I am equally unable to access the any of the web services hosted on "source.host". Running ifconfig on "source.host" shows the network adapter to be up and running as usual with the correct IP address and everything. I tried restarting the networking service with $ /etc/init.d/networking restart but the problem does not go away. Restarting the machine makes it capable of talking to the network again -- it can ping and be pinged by other hosts, and the web services are also accessible and usable as normal -- but attempting the copy operation again results in the same failure, requiring another restart. As an experiment, I tried replacing the tar -- ssh pipeline above with a straight scp: $ scp -r datafolder/ [email protected]:~ but to no avail Thinking that the issue might have to do with the kernel packet-send buffers filling up, I tried increasing the buffer size to 12 MB (up from the 128 KB default) with # echo 12582911 > /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max but this also had no effect. I'm guessing at this point that it might be a problem with the Microsoft synthetic network driver, but I don't really know. Does anyone have any suggestions? Thank you very much in advance!

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  • Clean Install: Ubuntu 8.04, 10.04 or somthing else?

    - by Robert S. Barnes
    I'm faced with a pending clean install due to a dying hard drive in my old Dell Inspiron 8600 laptop. I've been running Ubuntu 8.04 on it since... 8.04 and I've been more or less happy with it except that it's a PITA to recompile the kernel or do any other kernel related work. I mostly do software dev on it, gcc, gvim, c/c++/perl/php/mysql and running vmware server 2.0. I've heard mixed reviews of 10.04, and am wondering what to put on the new HD. I'm even considering just sticking with 8.04 as it seems to mostly meet my needs. Any suggestions?

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