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  • How can I output the fitted values?

    - by zenbomb
    Sorry if this is a novice question, but I don't understand it. I am fitting a sigmoid curve to my data with glm(). This works, I can plot the output and I see a nice sigmoid curve. However, how do I get R to return the final values it has fit? As I understand it, R fits the data to logit(y) = b0 + b1x, but when I do > summary(glm.out) I only get Call: glm(formula = e$V2 ~ e$V1, family = binomial(logit), data = e) Deviance Residuals: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -0.00001 -0.06612 -0.15118 -0.34237 0.20874 0.08724 -0.19557 Coefficients: Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|) (Intercept) -24.784 20.509 -1.208 0.227 e$V1 2.073 1.725 1.202 0.229 (Dispersion parameter for binomial family taken to be 1) Null deviance: 4.60338 on 6 degrees of freedom Residual deviance: 0.23388 on 5 degrees of freedom AIC: 5.8525 Number of Fisher Scoring iterations: 8 How do I get b0 and b1?

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  • Using pow() for large number

    - by g4ur4v
    I am trying to solve a problem, a part of which requires me to calculate (2^n)%1000000007 , where n<=10^9. But my following code gives me output "0" even for input like n=99. Is there anyway other than having a loop which multilplies the output by 2 every time and finding the modulo every time (this is not I am looking for as this will be very slow for large numbers). #include<stdio.h> #include<math.h> #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { unsigned long long gaps,total; while(1) { cin>>gaps; total=(unsigned long long)powf(2,gaps)%1000000007; cout<<total<<endl; } }

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  • C++ SDL State Machine Segfault

    - by user1602079
    The code compiles and builds fine, but it immediately segfaults. I've looked at this for a while and have no idea why. Any help is appreciated. Thank you! Here's the code: main.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" #include "Introduction.h" int main(int argc, char** args) { if(core.Initilize() == false) { SDL_Quit(); } while(core.desiredstate != core.Quit) { currentstate->EventHandling(); currentstate->Logic(); core.ChangeState(); currentstate->Render(); currentstate->Update(); } SDL_Quit(); } Core.h #ifndef CORE_H #define CORE_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include <string> class Core { public: SDL_Surface* Load(std::string filename); void ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination); void SetState(int newstate); void ChangeState(); enum state { Intro, STATES_NULL, Quit }; int desiredstate, stateID; bool Initilize(); }; #endif Core.cpp #include "Core.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" #include <string> /* Initilizes SDL subsystems */ bool Core::Initilize() { //Inits subsystems, reutrns false upon error if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING) == -1) { return false; } SDL_WM_SetCaption("Game", NULL); return true; } /* Loads surfaces and optimizes them */ SDL_Surface* Core::Load(std::string filename) { //The surface to be optimized SDL_Surface* original = SDL_LoadBMP(filename.c_str()); //The optimized surface SDL_Surface* optimized = NULL; //Optimizes the image if it loaded properly if(original != NULL) { optimized = SDL_DisplayFormat(original); SDL_FreeSurface(original); } else { //returns NULL upon error return NULL; } return optimized; } /* Blits surfaces */ void Core::ApplySurface(int X, int Y, SDL_Surface* source, SDL_Surface* destination) { //Stores the coordinates of the surface SDL_Rect offsets; offsets.x = X; offsets.y = Y; //Bits the surface if both surfaces are present if(source != NULL && destination != NULL) { SDL_BlitSurface(source, NULL, destination, &offsets); } } /* Sets desiredstate to newstate */ void Core::SetState(int newstate) { if(desiredstate != Quit) { desiredstate = newstate; } } /* Changes the game state */ void Core::ChangeState() { if(desiredstate != STATES_NULL && desiredstate != Quit) { delete currentstate; switch(desiredstate) { case Intro: currentstate = new Introduction(); break; } stateID = desiredstate; desiredstate = core.STATES_NULL; } } Globals.h #ifndef GLOBALS_H #define GLOBALS_H #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "GameStates.h" extern SDL_Surface* screen; extern Core core; extern GameStates* currentstate; #endif Globals.cpp #include "Globals.h" #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "GameStates.h" SDL_Surface* screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(640, 480, 32, SDL_SWSURFACE); Core core; GameStates* currentstate = NULL; GameStates.h #ifndef GAMESTATES_H #define GAMESTATES_H class GameStates { public: virtual void EventHandling() = 0; virtual void Logic() = 0; virtual void Render() = 0; virtual void Update() = 0; }; #endif Introduction.h #ifndef INTRODUCTION_H #define INTRODUCTION_H #include "GameStates.h" #include "Globals.h" class Introduction : public GameStates { public: Introduction(); private: void EventHandling(); void Logic(); void Render(); void Update(); ~Introduction(); SDL_Surface* test; }; #endif Introduction.cpp #include "SDL/SDL.h" #include "Core.h" #include "Globals.h" #include "Introduction.h" /* Loads all the assets */ Introduction::Introduction() { test = core.Load("test.bmp"); } void Introduction::EventHandling() { SDL_Event event; while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) { switch(event.type) { case SDL_QUIT: core.SetState(core.Quit); break; } } } void Introduction::Logic() { //to be coded } void Introduction::Render() { core.ApplySurface(30, 30, test, screen); } void Introduction::Update() { SDL_Flip(screen); } Introduction::~Introduction() { SDL_FreeSurface(test); } Sorry if the formatting is a bit off... Having to put four spaces for it to be put into a code block offset it a bit. I ran it through gdb and this is what I got: Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x0000000000400e46 in main () Which isn't incredibly useful... Any help is appreciated. Thank you!

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  • Convert c++ argument to int

    - by happyCoding25
    Hello, I have a small c++ program that needs to get and argument and convert it to an int. Here is my code so far: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main(int argc,int argvx[]) { int i=1; int answer = 23; int temp; // decode arguments if(argc < 2) { printf("You must provide at least one argument\n"); exit(0); } // Convert it to an int here }

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  • Const Functions and Interfaces in C++

    - by 58gh1z
    I'll use the following (trivial) interface as an example: struct IObject { virtual ~IObject() {} virtual std::string GetName() const = 0; virtual void ChangeState() = 0; }; Logic dictates that GetName should be a const member function while ChangeState shouldn't. All code that I've seen so far doesn't follow this logic, though. That is, GetName in the example above wouldn't be marked as a const member function. Is this laziness/carelessness or is there a legitimate reason for this? What are the major cons of me forcing my clients to implement const member functions when they are logically called for?

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  • Assigning unsigned char* buffer to a string

    - by CPPChase
    This question might be asked before but I couldn't find exactly what I need. My problem is, I have a buffer loaded by data downloaded from a webservice. The buffer is in unsigned char* form in which there is no '\0' at the end. Then I have a poco xml parser needs a string. I tried assigning it to string but now I realized it would cause problem such as leaking. here is the code: DOMParser::DOMParser(unsigned char* consatData, int consatDataSize, unsigned char* lagData, int lagDataSize) { Poco::XML::DOMParser parser; std::string consat; consat.assign((const char*) consatData, consatDataSize); pDoc = parser.parseString(consat); ParseConsat(); } Poco xml parser does have a ParseMemory which need a const char* and size of data but for some reason it just gives me segmentation fault. So I think it's safer to turn it to string. Thanks in advance.

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  • SQL Server float datatype

    - by Martin Smith
    The documentation for SQL Server Float says Approximate-number data types for use with floating point numeric data. Floating point data is approximate; therefore, not all values in the data type range can be represented exactly. Which is what I expected it to say. If that is the case though why does the following return 'Yes' in SQL Server DECLARE @D float DECLARE @E float set @D = 0.1 set @E = 0.5 IF ((@D + @D + @D + @D +@D) = @E) BEGIN PRINT 'YES' END ELSE BEGIN PRINT 'NO' END but the equivalent C++ program returns "No"? #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { float d = 0.1F; float e = 0.5F; if((d+d+d+d+d) == e) { cout << "Yes"; } else { cout << "No"; } }

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  • NSCoding and ostream

    - by Stephen Furlani
    Is there a better way to serialize an ObjC object than using /NSKeyedArchive? I need to distribute the object through a C++ std:ostream-like object to put on another computer. The object has over 122 members of various types... for which wants me to [coder encodeObject: (id) forKey: @"blah"]; for all of them... Does anyone have a nice Perl Script that will at least write it out? I don't even know if the objects it contains implement which means this could turn into a huge ugly mess since I can't change the source of the object - I'll have to inherit & add the @interface to it... Or am I being dumb? Apple's guide doesn't help me since archiving to XML won't pass nicely though the ostream. Is there a better way to do this? -S!

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  • struct with template variables in c++

    - by monkeyking
    I'm playing around with template, so I'm not trying to reinvent the std::vector, I'm trying to get a grasp of templateting in c++. Can I do the following template <typename T> typedef struct{ size_t x; T *ary; }array; What I'm trying to do is a basic templated version of typedef struct{ size_t x; int *ary; }iArray; It looks like its working if I use a class instead of struct, so is it not possible with typedef structs? thanks

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  • What is a cross-platform way to get the current directory?

    - by rubenvb
    I need a cross-platform way to get the current working directory (yes, getcwd does what I want). I thought this might do the trick: #ifdef _WIN32 #include <direct.h> #define getcwd _getcwd // stupid MSFT "deprecation" warning #elif #include <unistd.h> #endif #include <string> #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { string s_cwd(getcwd(NULL,0)); cout << "CWD is: " << s_cwd << endl; } I got this reading: _getcwd at MSDN getcwd at Kernel.org getcwd at Apple.com There should be no memory leaks, and is should work on a Mac as well, correct?

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  • Why do I get the error "X is not a member of Y" even though X is a friend of Y?

    - by user1232138
    I am trying to write a binary tree. Why does the following code report error C2039, "'<<' : is not a member of 'btree<T'" even though the << operator has been declared as a friend function in the btree class? #include<iostream> using namespace std; template<class T> class btree { public: friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &,T); }; template<class T> ostream& btree<T>::operator<<(ostream &o,T s) { o<<s.i<<'\t'<<s.n; return o; }

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  • using arrays to get best memory alignment and cache use, is it necessary?

    - by Alberto Toglia
    I'm all about performance these days cause I'm developing my first game engine. I'm no c++ expert but after some research I discovered the importance of the cache and the memory alignment. Basically what I found is that it is recommended to have memory well aligned specially if you need to access them together, for example in a loop. Now, In my project I'm doing my Game Object Manager, and I was thinking to have an array of GameObjects references. meaning I would have the actual memory of my objects one after the other. static const size_t MaxNumberGameObjects = 20; GameObject mGameObjects[MaxNumberGameObjects]; But, as I will be having a list of components per object -Component based design- (Mesh, RigidBody, Transformation, etc), will I be gaining something with the array at all? Anyway, I have seen some people just using a simple std::map for storing game objects. So what do you guys think? Am I better off using a pure component model?

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  • Why is this loop over mysql resultset slow? (1.4ms per cycle)

    - by pawpro
    The $res contains around 488k rows the whole loop takes 61s! that's over 1.25ms per cycle! What is taking all that time? while($row = $res->fetch_assoc()) { $clist[$row['upload_id']][$row['dialcode_id']][$row['carrier_id']]['std'] = $row['cost_std']; $clist[$row['upload_id']][$row['dialcode_id']][$row['carrier_id']]['ecn'] = $row['cost_ecn']; $clist[$row['upload_id']][$row['dialcode_id']][$row['carrier_id']]['wnd'] = $row['cost_wnd']; $dialcode_destination[$row['upload_id']][$row['carrier_id']][$row['dialcode_id']]['other_destination'] = $row['destination_id']; $dialcode_destination[$row['upload_id']][$row['carrier_id']][$row['dialcode_id']]['carrier_destination'] = $row['carrier_destination_id']; } Now resultset of 10 rows, smaller arrays and performance 30 times higher (0.041ms) not the fastest still but better. while($row = $res->fetch_assoc()) { $customer[$row['id']]['name'] = $row['name']; $customer[$row['id']]['code'] = $row['customer']; }

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  • Correct Exceptions in C++

    - by Dr.Ackula
    I am just learning how to handle errors in my C++ code. I wrote this example that looks for a text file called some file, and if its not found will throw an exception. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { int array[90]; try { ifstream file; file.open("somefile.txt"); if(!file.good()) throw 56; } catch(int e) { cout<<"Error number "<<e<<endl; } return 0; } Now I have two questions. First I would like to know if I am using Exceptions correctly. Second, (assuming the first is true) what is the benefit to using them vs an If else statement?

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  • Preparing for the next C++ standard

    - by Neil Butterworth
    The spate of questions regarding BOOST_FOREACH prompts me to ask users of the Boost library what (if anything) they are doing to prepare their code for portability to the proposed new C++ standard (aka C++0x). For example, do you write code like this if you use shared_ptr: #ifdef CPPOX #include <memory> #else #include "boost/shared_ptr.hpp" #endif There is also the namespace issue - in the future, shared_ptr will be part of the std, namespace - how do you deal with that? I'm interested in these questions because I've decided to bite the bullet and start learning boost seriously, and I'd like to use best practices in my code. Not exactly a flood of answers - does this mean it's a non-issue? Anyway, thanks to those that replied; I'm accepting jalfs answer because I like being advised to do nothing!

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  • Storing objects in STL vector - minimal set of methods

    - by osgx
    Hello What is "minimal framework" (necessary methods) of object, which I will store in STL <vector>? For my assumptions: #include <vector> #include <cstring> using namespace std; class Doit { private: char *a; public: Doit(){a=(char*)malloc(10);} ~Doit(){free(a);} }; int main(){ vector<Doit> v(10); } gives *** glibc detected *** ./a.out: double free or corruption (fasttop): 0x0804b008 *** Aborted and in valgrind: malloc/free: 2 allocs, 12 frees, 50 bytes allocated.

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  • Can I use MFC objects in STL containers?

    - by Jesse Stimpson
    The following code doesn't compile for me in MSVC2005: std::vector<CMenu> vec(10); CMenu is an MFC menu object (such as a context menu). Through some testing I learned that CMenu does not have a public copy constructor. To do what I wanted to do, I needed to use a dynamic array. CMenu* menus = new CMenu[10]; // ... delete [] menus; Of course, now I've lost all the benefits of using an STL container. Do I have any other options?

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  • boost scoped_lock mutex crashes

    - by JahSumbar
    hello, I have protected a std::queue's access functions, push, pop, size, with boost::mutexes and boost::mutex::scoped_lock in these functions from time to time it crashes in a scoped lock the call stack is this: 0 0x0040f005 boost::detail::win32::interlocked_bit_test_and_set include/boost/thread/win32/thread_primitives.hpp 361 1 0x0040e879 boost::detail::basic_timed_mutex::timed_lock include/boost/thread/win32/basic_timed_mutex.hpp 68 2 0x0040e9d3 boost::detail::basic_timed_mutex::lock include/boost/thread/win32/basic_timed_mutex.hpp 64 3 0x0040b96b boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>::lock include/boost/thread/locks.hpp 349 4 0x0040b998 unique_lock include/boost/thread/locks.hpp 227 5 0x00403837 MyClass::inboxSize - this is my inboxSize function that uses this code: MyClass::inboxSize () { boost::mutex::scoped_lock scoped_lock(m_inboxMutex); return m_inbox.size(); } and the mutex is declared like this: boost::mutex m_inboxMutex; it crashes at the last pasted line in this function: inline bool interlocked_bit_test_and_set(long* x,long bit) { long const value=1<<bit; long old=*x; and x has this value: 0xababac17 Thanks for the help

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  • Floating point innacuracies

    - by Greg
    While writing a function which will perform some operation with each number in a range I ran into some problems with floating point inaccuracies. The problem can be seen in the code below: #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { double start = .99999, end = 1.00001, inc = .000001; int steps = (end - start) / inc; for(int i = 0; i <= steps; ++i) { cout << (start + (inc * i)) << endl; } } The problem is that the numbers the above program outputs look like this: 0.99999 0.999991 0.999992 0.999993 0.999994 0.999995 0.999996 0.999997 0.999998 0.999999 1 1 1 1 1 1.00001 1.00001 1.00001 1.00001 1.00001 1.00001 They only appear to be correct up to the first 1. What is the proper way to solve this problem?

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  • Why can I derived from a templated/generic class based on that type in C# / C++

    - by stusmith
    Title probably doesn't make a lot of sense, so I'll start with some code: class Foo : public std::vector<Foo> { }; ... Foo f; f.push_back( Foo() ); Why is this allowed by the compiler? My brain is melting at this stage, so can anyone explain whether there are any reasons you would want to do this? Unfortunately I've just seen a similar pattern in some production C# code and wondered why anyone would use this pattern.

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  • C++ offset of member variables?

    - by anon
    I have: class Foo { int a; int b; std::string s; char d; }; Now, I want to know the offset of a, b, s, d given a Foo* I.e. suppose I have: Foo *foo = new Foo(); (char*) foo->b == (char*) foo + ?? ; // what expression should I put in ?

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  • which is time consuming construct in following program?

    - by user388338
    while submitting a solution for practise problem 6(odd) i got TLE error but while using using print and scanf in place cin and cout my sol was submitted successfully with 0.77s time..i want to know how can i make it more efficient link to problem is codechef problem 6 #include<iostream> #include<cstdio> using namespace std; int main() {int n,N; scanf("%d",&n); for(int l=0;l<n;l++) { scanf("%d",&N); int i=0,x; if(N<=0) continue; for(;N>=(x=(2<<i));i++); printf("%d",x/2); cout<<"\n"; } }

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  • Convert a number from string to integer without using inbuilt function

    - by Raja
    I am trying this technique but error is coming. Please help me to convert a number from string to integer. #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { char *buffer[80]; int a; cout<<"enter the number"; cin.get(buffer,79); char *ptr[80] = &buffer; while(*ptr!='\0') { a=(a*10)+(*ptr-48); } cout<<"the value"<<a; delete ptr[]; return 0; } Errors are: error C2440: 'initializing' : cannot convert from 'char ()[80]' to 'char *[80]' error C2440: '=' : cannot convert from 'char *' to 'int'

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  • Converting c++ string to int

    - by skazhy
    Hi! I have the following data in a c++ string John Doe 01.01.1970 I need to extract the date and time from it into int variables. I tried it like this: int last_space = text_string.find_last_of(' '); int day = int(text_string.substr(last_space + 1, 2)); But I got invalid cast from type ‘std::basic_string’ to type ‘int’. When I extract the "John Doe" part in another string variable, all works fine. What's wrong? I am trying to compile it with g++ -Wall -Werror.

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