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  • Treating differential operator as algebraic entity

    - by chappar
    I know that this question is offtopic and don't belong here. But i didn't know somewhere else to ask. So here is the question. I was reading e:the story of a number by Eli Maor, where he treats differential operator as just like any algebraic entity. For example if we have a differential equation like y’’ + 5y’ - 6y = 0. This can be treaed as (D^2 + 5D – 6)y = 0. So, either y = 0 (trivial solution) or (D^2 + 5D – 6) = 0. Factoring out above equation we get (D-1)(D+6)= 0 with solutions as D = 1 and D = -6. Since D does not have any meaning on its own, multiplying by y on both the sides we get Dy = y and Dy = -6y for which the solutions are Ae^x and Be^-6x. Combining these 2 solutions we get Ae^x + Be^-6x. Now my doubt is this approach break when we have an equation like D^2y = 0. Which means y = 0 (again trivial) or D^2 = 0 which means D = 0. Now Dy = y*0 = 0. That means y = C ( a constant). The actual answer should be Cx. I know that it is stupidity to treat D^2 = 0 as D = 0, it led me to doubt the entire process of treating differential equation as algebraic equation. Can someone throw light on this? Or any other site where i might get answer?

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  • syntax to express mathematical formula concisely in your language of choice

    - by aaa
    hello. I am developing functional domain specific embedded language within C++ to translate formulas into working code as concisely and accurately as possible. Right now my language looks something like this: // implies two nested loops j=0:N, i=0,j (range(i) < j < N)[T(i,j) = (T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; // implies summation over above expression sum(range(i) < j < N))[(T(i,j) - T(j,i))/e(i+j)]; I am looking for possible syntax improvements/extensions or just different ideas about expressing mathematical formulas as clearly and precisely as possible. Can you give me some syntax examples relating to my question which can be accomplished in your language of choice which consider useful. In particular, if you have some ideas about how to translate the above code segments, I would be happy to hear them Thank you

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  • Efficiency of manually written loops vs operator overloads (C++)

    - by Sagekilla
    Hi all, in the program I'm working on I have 3-element arrays, which I use as mathematical vectors for all intents and purposes. Through the course of writing my code, I was tempted to just roll my own Vector class with simple +, -, *, /, etc overloads so I can simplify statements like: for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) r[i] = r1[i] - r2[i]; // becomes: r = r1 - r2; Which should be more or less identical in generated code. But when it comes to more complicated things, could this really impact my performance heavily? One example that I have in my code is this: Manually written version: for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { p.vel[j] = p.oldVel[j] + (p.oldAcc[j] + p.acc[j]) * dt2 + (p.oldJerk[j] - p.jerk[j]) * dt12; p.pos[j] = p.oldPos[j] + (p.oldVel[j] + p.vel[j]) * dt2 + (p.oldAcc[j] - p.acc[j]) * dt12; } Using a Vector class with operator overloads: p.vel = p.oldVel + (p.oldAcc + p.acc) * dt2 + (p.oldJerk - p.jerk) * dt12; p.pos = p.oldPos + (p.oldVel + p.vel) * dt2 + (p.oldAcc - p.acc) * dt12; I am compiling my code for maximum possible speed, as it's extremely important that this code runs quickly and calculates accurately. So will me relying on my Vector's for these sorts of things really affect me? For those curious, this is part of some numerical integration code which is not trivial to run in my program. Any insight would be appreciated, as would any idioms or tricks I'm unaware of.

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  • Arbitrary-precision arithmetic Explanation

    - by TT
    I'm trying to learn C and have come across the inability to work with REALLY big numbers (i.e., 100 digits, 1000 digits, etc.). I am aware that there exist libraries to do this, but I want to attempt to implement it myself. I just want to know if anyone has or can provide a very detailed, dumbed down explanation of arbitrary-precision arithmetic. Thanks!

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  • XNA Track rotated pixel positions

    - by jonny adams
    Hi, Im making a game in xna where a tank has to move over a landscape. I need to be able find the bottom of the tank when it is rotated so I can make it move up and down as the player goes over the landscape. for example if i have a sprite at with its top left corner at 400,300 and i rotate it around its center by 45 degrees around its center, how do i find the new locations of the bottom track. Thanks

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  • Adding a validator to the gridview textbox, created in edit-mode of a bound field

    - by user181218
    Hi,take a look at this sample code: (question bellow) <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True" AllowSorting="True" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource2" AutoGenerateColumns="False" onrowupdated="GridView1_RowUpdated" DataKeyNames="Product_Id"> <Columns> <asp:ImageField DataImageUrlField="Image_Name" HeaderText="Image_Name" ReadOnly="True" > <ItemStyle Width="50px" Height="50px" Wrap="true"/> </asp:ImageField> <asp:BoundField DataField="Product_Id" HeaderText="Product_Id" InsertVisible="False" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="Product_Id"> </asp:BoundField> <asp:BoundField DataField="Product_Name" HeaderText="Product_Name" SortExpression="Product_Name" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="Category_Name" HeaderText="Category_Name" SortExpression="Category_Name" ReadOnly="true" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="Description" HeaderText="Description" SortExpression="Description" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="Size" HeaderText="Size" SortExpression="Size" /> <asp:BoundField DataField="Price" HeaderText="Price" SortExpression="Price" /> <asp:CommandField ShowEditButton="True" /> <asp:CommandField ShowDeleteButton="True" /> </Columns> </asp:GridView> Assume I initialize an SqlDataSource, add a parameter and so on. The thing is, that when a user clicks edit we get a textbox to edit the colnumn value. I want to validate the data enter by the user before the update is performed and the new data is propagated back to the server.How? 10x a lot!

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  • PHP given a series of arbitrary numbers, how can I choose a logical max value on a line graph?

    - by stormist
    I am constructing a line graph in PHP. I was setting the max value of the line graph to the max value of my collection of items, but this ended up making the graph less readable you are unable to view the highest line on the graph as it intersects with the top of it. So what I need is basically a formula to take a set of numbers and calculate what the logical max value of on the line graph should be.. so some examples 3500 250 10049 45394 434 312 Max value on line graph should probably be 50000 493 412 194 783 457 344 max value on line graph would ideally be 1000 545 649 6854 5485 11545 In this case, 12000 makes sense as max value So something as simple as rounding upward to the nearest thousandth might work but I'd need it to progressively increase as the numbers got bigger. (50000 instead of 46,000 in first example) The maximum these numbers will ever be is about a million. Any recommendations would be greatly appreciated, thank you.

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  • Implementing a hilbert map of the internet

    - by Martin
    In the XKCD comic 195 a design for a map of the internet address space is suggested using a hilbert curve so that items from a similar IPs will be clustered together. Given an IP address, how would I calculate the 2D coordinates (in the range zero to one) that this IP is located on such a map?

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  • Code Golf: Countdown Number Game

    - by Noldorin
    Challenge Here is the task, inspired by the well-known British TV game show Countdown. The challenge should be pretty clear even without any knowledge of the game, but feel free to ask for clarifications. And if you fancy seeing a clip of this game in action, check out this YouTube clip. It features the wonderful late Richard Whitely in 1997. You are given 6 numbers, chosen at random from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 25, 50, 75, 100}, and a random target number between 100 and 999. The aim is to make use the six given numbers and the four common arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division; all over the rational numbers) to generate the target - or as close as possible either side. Each number may only be used once at most, while each arithmetic operator may be used any number of times (including zero.) Note that it does not matter how many numbers are used. Write a function that takes the target number and set of 6 numbers (can be represented as list/collection/array/sequence) and returns the solution in any standard numerical notation (e.g. infix, prefix, postfix). The function must always return the closest-possible result to the target, and must run in at most 1 minute on a standard PC. Note that in the case where more than one solution exists, any single solution is sufficient. Examples: {50, 100, 4, 2, 2, 4}, target 203 e.g. 100 * 2 + 2 + (4 / 4) e.g. (100 + 50) * 4 * 2 / (4 + 2) {25, 4, 9, 2, 3, 10}, target 465 e.g. (25 + 10 - 4) * (9 * 2 - 3) {9, 8, 10, 5, 9, 7), target 241 e.g. ((10 + 9) * 9 * 7) + 8) / 5 Rules Other than mentioned in the problem statement, there are no further restrictions. You may write the function in any standard language (standard I/O is not necessary). The aim as always is to solve the task with the smallest number of characters of code. Saying that, I may not simply accept the answer with the shortest code. I'll also be looking at elegance of the code and time complexity of the algorithm! My Solution I'm attempting an F# solution when I find the free time - will post it here when I have something! Format Please post all answers in the following format for the purpose of easy comparison: Language Number of characters: ??? Fully obfuscated function: (code here) Clear (ideally commented) function: (code here) Any notes on the algorithm/clever shortcuts it takes.

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  • UIButton stops responding after going into landscape mode - iPhone

    - by casey
    I've been trying different things the last few days and I've run out of ideas so I'm looking for help. The situation is that I'm displaying my in-app purchasing store view after the user clicks a button. Button pressed, view is displayed. The store shows fine. Inside this view, I have a few labels with descriptions of the product, and then below them I have the price and a Buy button which triggers the in-app purchase. Problem is when I rotate the phone to landscape, that Buy button no longer responds, weird. Works fine in portrait. The behavior in landscape when the I touch the button is nothing. It doesn't appear to press down and be selected or anything, just not responding to my touches. But then when I rotate back to portrait or even upside down portrait, it works fine. Here is the rough structure of my view in IB, all the rotating and layout is setup in IB. I set the autoresizing in IB so that everything looks ok in landscape and the Buy button expands horizontally a little bit. The only layout manipulation I do in my code is after loading, I set the content size of the scroll view. File Owner with view set to the scrollView / scrollView ----/ view --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ label --------/ uibutton (Buy) After orientation changes I printed out the userInteractionEnabled property of the scrollView and the button, and they were both TRUE at all orientations. Ideas? Or maybe some other way of displaying a buy button that won't be nonfunctional? I've already begun a branch that plays with a toolbar and placing the buy button there, but I can't seem to get the bar to stay in place while scrolling.

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  • C - How to implement Set data structure?

    - by psihodelia
    Is there any tricky way to implement a set data structure (a collection of unique values) in C? All elements in a set will be of the same type and there is a huge RAM memory. As I know, for integers it can be done really fast'N'easy using value-indexed arrays. But I'd like to have a very general Set data type. And it would be nice if a set could include itself.

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  • Looking for interesting formula

    - by Thinker
    I'm creating a game where players can make an alloy. To make it less predictable and more interesting, I thought that the durability and hardness of an alloy should not be calculated by a simple formula, because it will be extremely easy to find extrema, where alloy have best statistics. So the questions is, is there any formula for a function where extrema can be found only by investigating all points? Input values will be in percents: 0.0%-100.0%. I think it should look like this: half sound wave

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  • Recursion problem in algorithm

    - by Marthin
    I'm not sure if this is the right place to post this, but the problem actually belongs to a programming assignment. Solve the recursion: T(0) = 2; T(n) = T(n-1) + 2; Solution: T(n) = 2(n+1) Could someone please show me how they got to that solution?

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  • How are a session identifiers generated?

    - by Asaf R
    Most web applications depend on some kind of session with the user (for instance, to retain login status). The session id is kept as a cookie in the user's browser and sent with every request. To make it hard to guess the next user's session these session-ids need to be sparse and somewhat random. The also have to be unique. The question is - how to efficiently generate session ids that are sparse and unique? This question has a good answer for unique random numbers, but it seems not scalable for a large range of numbers, simply because the array will end up taking a lot of memory.

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  • How to create pulsating value from 0..1..0..1..0 etc for a given duration?

    - by pollux
    Hi I'm working on some code where I have a Time object with a member time. Time.time gives me the time since my application started in seconds (float value). Now I want to create a pulsating value between 0 and 1 and then from 1 to 0 again, which continues doing thins untill the application stops. I was thinking to use sin() but don't know what to pass to it as paramters to create this pulsing value. How would I create this pulsating value? Kind regards, Pollux

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  • Least common multiple for 3 or more numbers

    - by paan
    How do you calculate the least common multiple of multiple numbers? So far I've only been able to calculate it between two numbers. But have no idea how to expand it to calculate 3 or more numbers. So far this is how I did it LCM = num1 * num2 / gcd ( num1 , num2 ) With gcd is the function to calculate the greatest common divisor for the numbers. Using euclidean algorithm But I can't figure out how to calculate it for 3 or more numbers.

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  • Interesting task using random numbers only

    - by psihodelia
    Given any number of the random real numbers from the interval [0,1] is there exist any method to construct a floating point number with zero decimal part? Your algorithm can use only random() function calls and no variables or constants. No constants and variables are allowed, no type casting is allowed. You can use for/while, if/else or any other programming language operands.

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  • Counting point size based on chart area during zooming/unzoomin

    - by Gacek
    Hi folks. I heave a quite simple task. I know (I suppose) it should be easy, but from the reasons I cannot understand, I try to solve it since 2 days and I don't know where I'm making the mistake. So, the problem is as follows: - we have a chart with some points - The chart starts with some known area and points have known size - we would like to "emulate" the zooming effect. So when we zoom to some part of the chart, the size of points is getting proportionally bigger. In other words, the smaller part of the chart we select, the bigger the point should get. So, we have something like that. We know this two parameters: initialArea; // Initial area - area of the whole chart, counted as width*height initialSize; // initial size of the points Now lets assume we are handling some kind of OnZoom event. We selected some part of the chart and would like to count the current size of the points float CountSizeOnZoom() { float currentArea = CountArea(...); // the area is counted for us. float currentSize = initialSize * initialArea / currentArea; return currentSize; } And it works. But the rate of change is too fast. In other words, the points are getting really big too soon. So I would like the currentSize to be invertly proportional to currentArea, but with some scaling coefficient. So I created the second function: float CountSizeOnZoom() { float currentArea = CountArea(...); % the area is counted for us. // Lets assume we want the size of points to change ten times slower, than area of the chart changed. float currentSize = initialSize + 0.1f* initialSize * ((initialArea / currentArea) -1); return currentSize; } Lets do some calculations in mind. if currentArea is smaller than initialArea, initialArea/currentArea > 1 and then we add "something" small and postive to initialSize. Checked, it works. Lets check what happens if we would un-zoom. currentArea will be equal to initialArea, so we would have 0 at the right side (1-1), so new size should be equal to initialSize. Right? Yeah. So lets check it... and it doesn't work. My question is: where is the mistake? Or maybe you have any ideas how to count this scaled size depending on current area in some other way?

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  • ActionScript shiftKey Not Working In Full Screen Mode?

    - by Chunk1978
    i've drawn an ellipse sprite and added it to the display list of a container, which is added to the display list of the stage. to move the sprites with the keyboard arrows, it appears that my shiftModifier:Number variable is not working when the stage's display state is set to full screen. shiftModifier works as it should when the stage's display state is set to Normal. stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, onKeyboardDown); function onKeyboardDown(evt:KeyboardEvent):void { var shiftModifier:Number = 0.25; if (evt.shiftKey) {shiftModifier = 10;} if (evt.keyCode == Keyboard.UP) {ellipse1.y -= shiftModifier;} if (evt.keyCode == Keyboard.DOWN) {ellipse1.y += shiftModifier;} if (evt.keyCode == Keyboard.LEFT) {ellipse1.x -= shiftModifier;} if (evt.keyCode == Keyboard.RIGHT) {ellipse1.x += shiftModifier;} } fsm.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, toggleFullScreenMode); function toggleFullScreenMode(evt:MouseEvent):void { if (stage.displayState == StageDisplayState.FULL_SCREEN) {stage.displayState = StageDisplayState.NORMAL;} else {stage.displayState = StageDisplayState.FULL_SCREEN;} } full screen is tested in Safari and Firefox.

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