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What is faster- Java or C# (Or good old C)?

- by Rexsung

I'm currently deciding on a platform to build a scientific computational product on, and am deciding on either C#, Java, or plain C with Intels compiler on Core2 Quad CPU's. It's mostly integer arithmetic. My benchmarks so far show Java and C are about on par with each other, and dotNET/C# trails by about 5%- however a number of my coworkers are claiming that dotNET with the right optimizations will beat both of these given enough time for the JIT to do its work. I always assume that the JIT would have done it's job within a few minutes of the app starting (Probably a few seconds in my case, as it's mostly tight loops), so I'm not sure whether to believe them Can anyone shed any light on the situation? Would dotNET beat Java? (Or am I best just sticking with C at this point?). The code is highly multithreaded and data sets are several terabytes in size. Haskell/erlang etc are not options in this case as there is a significant quantity of existing legacy C code that will be ported to the new system, and porting C to Java/C# is a lot simpler than to Haskell or Erlang. (Unless of course these provide a significant speedup). Edit: We are considering moving to C# or Java because they may, in theory, be faster. Every percent we can shave off our processing time saves us tens of thousands of dollars per year. At this point we are just trying to evaluate whether C, Java, or c# would be faster.

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efficiently determining if a polynomial has a root in the interval [0,T]

- by user168715

I have polynomials of nontrivial degree (4+) and need to robustly and efficiently determine whether or not they have a root in the interval [0,T]. The precise location or number of roots don't concern me, I just need to know if there is at least one. Right now I'm using interval arithmetic as a quick check to see if I can prove that no roots can exist. If I can't, I'm using Jenkins-Traub to solve for all of the polynomial roots. This is obviously inefficient since it's checking for all real roots and finding their exact positions, information I don't end up needing. Is there a standard algorithm I should be using? If not, are there any other efficient checks I could do before doing a full Jenkins-Traub solve for all roots? For example, one optimization I could do is to check if my polynomial f(t) has the same sign at 0 and T. If not, there is obviously a root in the interval. If so, I can solve for the roots of f'(t) and evaluate f at all roots of f' in the interval [0,T]. f(t) has no root in that interval if and only if all of these evaluations have the same sign as f(0) and f(T). This reduces the degree of the polynomial I have to root-find by one. Not a huge optimization, but perhaps better than nothing.

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Which linear programming package should I use for high numbers of constraints and "warm starts"

- by davidsd

I have a "continuous" linear programming problem that involves maximizing a linear function over a curved convex space. In typical LP problems, the convex space is a polytope, but in this case the convex space is piecewise curved -- that is, it has faces, edges, and vertices, but the edges aren't straight and the faces aren't flat. Instead of being specified by a finite number of linear inequalities, I have a continuously infinite number. I'm currently dealing with this by approximating the surface by a polytope, which means discretizing the continuously infinite constraints into a very large finite number of constraints. I'm also in the situation where I'd like to know how the answer changes under small perturbations to the underlying problem. Thus, I'd like to be able to supply an initial condition to the solver based on a nearby solution. I believe this capability is called a "warm start." Can someone help me distinguish between the various LP packages out there? I'm not so concerned with user-friendliness as speed (for large numbers of constraints), high-precision arithmetic, and warm starts. Thanks!

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C++ stack for multiple data types (RPN vector calculator)

- by Arrieta

Hello: I have designed a quick and basic vector arithmetic library in C++. I call the program from the command line when I need a rapid cross product, or angle between vectors. I don't use Matlab or Octave or related, because the startup time is larger than the computation time. Again, this is for very basic operations. I am extending this program, and I will make it work as an RPN calculator, for operations of the type: 1 2 3 4 5 6 x out: -3 6 -3 (give one vector, another vector, and the "cross" operator; spit out the cross product) The stack must accept 3d vectors or scalars, for operations like: 1 2 3 2 * out: 2 4 6 The lexer and parser for this mini-calculator are trivial, but I cannot seem to think of a good way for creating the internal stack. How would you create a stack of for containing vectors or doubles (I rolled up my own very simple vector class - less than one hundred lines and it does everything I need). How can I create a simple stack which accepts elements of class Vector or type double? Thank you.

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Precision error on matrix multiplication

- by Wam

Hello all, Coding a matrix multiplication in my program, I get precision errors (inaccurate results for large matrices). Here's my code. The current object has data stored in a flattened array, row after row. Other matrix B has data stored in a flattened array, column after column (so I can use pointer arithmetic). protected double[,] multiply (IMatrix B) { int columns = B.columns; int rows = Rows; int size = Columns; double[,] result = new double[rows,columns]; for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) { for (int col = 0; col < columns; col++) { unsafe { fixed (float* ptrThis = data) fixed (float* ptrB = B.Data) { float* mePtr = ptrThis + row*rows; float* bPtr = ptrB + col*columns; double value = 0.0; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { value += *(mePtr++) * *(bPtr++); } result[row, col] = value; } } } } } Actually, the code is a bit more complicated : I do the multiply thing for several chunks (so instead of having i from 0 to size, I go from localStart to localStop), then sum up the resulting matrices. My problem : for a big matrix I get precision error : NUnit.Framework.AssertionException: Error at (0,1) expected: <6.4209571409444209E+18> but was: <6.4207619776304906E+18> Any idea ?

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Why does ANTLR not parse the entire input?

- by Martin Wiboe

Hello, I am quite new to ANTLR, so this is likely a simple question. I have defined a simple grammar which is supposed to include arithmetic expressions with numbers and identifiers (strings that start with a letter and continue with one or more letters or numbers.) The grammar looks as follows: grammar while; @lexer::header { package ConFreeG; } @header { package ConFreeG; import ConFreeG.IR.*; } @parser::members { } arith: term | '(' arith ( '-' | '+' | '*' ) arith ')' ; term returns [AExpr a]: NUM { int n = Integer.parseInt($NUM.text); a = new Num(n); } | IDENT { a = new Var($IDENT.text); } ; fragment LOWER : ('a'..'z'); fragment UPPER : ('A'..'Z'); fragment NONNULL : ('1'..'9'); fragment NUMBER : ('0' | NONNULL); IDENT : ( LOWER | UPPER ) ( LOWER | UPPER | NUMBER )*; NUM : '0' | NONNULL NUMBER*; fragment NEWLINE:'\r'? '\n'; WHITESPACE : ( ' ' | '\t' | NEWLINE )+ { $channel=HIDDEN; }; I am using ANTLR v3 with the ANTLR IDE Eclipse plugin. When I parse the expression (8 + a45) using the interpreter, only part of the parse tree is generated: http://imgur.com/iBaEC.png Why does the second term (a45) not get parsed? The same happens if both terms are numbers. Thank you, Martin Wiboe

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Multi-dimensional array edge/border conditions

- by kirbuchi

Hi, I'm iterating over a 3 dimensional array (which is an image with 3 values for each pixel) to apply a 3x3 filter to each pixel as follows: //For each value on the image for (i=0;i<3*width*height;i++){ //For each filter value for (j=0;j<9;j++){ if (notOutsideEdgesCondition){ *(**(outArray)+i)+= *(**(pixelArray)+i-1+(j%3)) * (*(filter+j)); } } } I'm using pointer arithmetic because if I used array notation I'd have 4 loops and I'm trying to have the least possible number of loops. My problem is my notOutsideEdgesCondition is getting quite out of hands because I have to consider 8 border cases. I have the following handled conditions Left Column: ((i%width)==0) && (j%3==0) Right Column: ((i-1)%width ==0) && (i>1) && (j%3==2) Upper Row: (i<width) && (j<2) Lower Row: (i>(width*height-width)) && (j>5) and still have to consider the 4 corner cases which will have longer expressions. At this point I've stopped and asked myself if this is the best way to go because If I have a 5 line long conditional evaluation it'll not only be truly painful to debug but will slow the inner loop. That's why I come to you to ask if there's a known algorithm to handle this cases or if there's a better approach for my problem. Thanks a lot.

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Compiling and using NTL c++ library for Windows

- by Martin Lauridsen

Hi there, I have compiled the NTL inifite precision integer arithmetic library for c++, using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008. I did as explained, on this site, using the Visual Studio interface, rather than from the command prompt. Actually I would rather do it from the command prompt, but I was not sure how to. Anyhow, I got the library compiled, and I now want to compile a program using the library, from the command prompt. The program I am trying to compile, has been tested on a linux system, where I compile it with the following c++ -I/appl/htopopt/Linux_x86_64/NTL-5.4.2/include mpqs.cpp main.cpp -o main -L/appl/htopopt/Linux_x86_64/NTL-5.4.2/lib -lntl -L/appl/htopopt/Linux_x86_64/gmp-4.2.1/lib -lgmp -lm Nevermind the gmp stuff, I dont have that installed on Windows. It is purely an optional thing that will make the NTL run faster. Anyhow, this works fine on linux. Now on Windows I write the following cl /EHsc /I D:\Downloads\WinNTL-5_5_2\include mpqs.cpp main.cpp /link /LIBPATH:"D:\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\ntl\Debug" But this results in the following errors: mpqs.cpp mpqs.cpp(38) : error C2039: 'find_smooth_vals' : is not a member of 'QS' d:\desktop\qs\mpqs.h(12) : see declaration of 'QS' mpqs.cpp(41) : error C2065: 'M' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(41) : error C2065: 'n' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(42) : error C2065: 'sieve_table' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(42) : error C2228: left of '.size' must have class/struct/union type is ''unknown-type'' mpqs.cpp(43) : error C2065: 'sieve_table' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(44) : error C2065: 'qx_table' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(44) : error C3861: 'test_smoothness': identifier not found mpqs.cpp(45) : error C2065: 'smooth_indices' : undeclared identifier mpqs.cpp(45) : error C2228: left of '.push_back' must have class/struct/union type is ''unknown-type'' main.cpp Generating Code... It is as if, my mpqs.h file is not included into the compilation process? Also I dont understand why it complains about .push_back() for a vector type? Help is much appreciated!

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What is the the relation between programming and mathematics?

- by Math Grad

Programmers seem to think that their work is quite mathematical. I understand this when you try to optimize something in performance, find the most efficient alogithm, etc.. But it patently seems false when you look at a billing application for a shop, or a systems software riddled with I/O calls. So what is it exactly? Is computation and associated programming really mathematical? Here I have in mind particularly the words of the philosopher Schopenhauer in mind: That arithmetic is the basest of all mental activities is proved by the fact that it is the only one that can be accomplished by means of a machine. Take, for instance, the reckoning machines that are so commonly used in England at the present time, and solely for the sake of convenience. But all analysis finitorum et infinitorum is fundamentally based on calculation. Therefore we may gauge the “profound sense of the mathematician,” of whom Lichtenberg has made fun, in that he says: “These so-called professors of mathematics have taken advantage of the ingenuousness of other people, have attained the credit of possessing profound sense, which strongly resembles the theologians’ profound sense of their own holiness.” I lifted the above quote from here. It seems that programmers are doing precisely the sort of mechanized base mental activity the grand old man is contemptuous about. So what exactly is the deal? Is programming really the "good" kind of mathematics, or just the baser type, or altogether something else just meant for business not to be confused with a pure discipline?

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How to provide js-ctypes in a spidermonkey embedding?

- by Triston J. Taylor

Summary I have looked over the code the SpiderMonkey 'shell' application uses to create the ctypes JavaScript object, but I'm a less-than novice C programmer. Due to the varying levels of insanity emitted by modern build systems, I can't seem to track down the code or command that actually links a program with the desired functionality. method.madness This js-ctypes implementation by The Mozilla Devs is an awesome addition. Since its conception, scripting has been primarily used to exert control over more rigorous and robust applications. The advent of js-ctypes to the SpiderMonkey project, enables JavaScript to stand up and be counted as a full fledged object oriented rapid application development language flying high above 'the bar' set by various venerable application development languages such as Microsoft's VB6. Shall we begin? I built SpiderMonkey with this config: ./configure --enable-ctypes --with-system-nspr followed by successful execution of: make && make install The js shell works fine and a global ctypes javascript object was verified operational in that shell. Working with code taken from the first source listing at How to embed the JavaScript Engine -MDN, I made an attempt to instantiate the JavaScript ctypes object by inserting the following code at line 66: /* Populate the global object with the ctypes object. */ if (!JS_InitCTypesClass(cx, global)) return NULL; /* I compiled with: g++ $(./js-config --cflags --libs) hello.cpp -o hello It compiles with a few warnings: hello.cpp: In function ‘int main(int, const char**)’: hello.cpp:69:16: warning: converting to non-pointer type ‘int’ from NULL [-Wconversion-null] hello.cpp:80:20: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings] hello.cpp:89:17: warning: NULL used in arithmetic [-Wpointer-arith] But when you run the application: ./hello: symbol lookup error: ./hello: undefined symbol: JS_InitCTypesClass Moreover JS_InitCTypesClass is declared extern in 'dist/include/jsapi.h', but the function resides in 'ctypes/CTypes.cpp' which includes its own header 'CTypes.h' and is compiled at some point by some command during 'make' to yeild './CTypes.o'. As I stated earlier, I am less than a novice with the C code, and I really have no idea what to do here. Please give or give direction to a generic example of making the js-ctypes object functional in an embedding.

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How to embed XBase expressions in an Xtext DSL

- by Marcus Mathioudakis

I am writing a simple little DSL for specifying constraints on messages, and Have been trying without success for a while to embed XBase expressions into the language. The Grammar looks like this: grammar org.xtext.businessrules.BusinessRules with org.eclipse.xtext.xbase.Xbase //import "http://www.eclipse.org/xtext/xbase/Xbase" as xbase import "http://www.eclipse.org/xtext/common/JavaVMTypes" as jvmTypes generate businessRules "http://www.xtext.org/businessrules/BusinessRules" Start: rules+=Constraint*; Constraint: {Constraint} 'FOR' 'PAYLOAD' payload=PAYLOAD 'ELEMENT' element=ID 'CONSTRAINED BY' constraint=XExpression; PAYLOAD: "SimulationSessionEvents" |"stacons" |"any" ; Range: 'above' min=INT ('below' max=INT)? |'below' max=INT ('above' min=INT)? ; When trying to parse a file such as: FOR PAYLOAD SimulationSessionEvents ELEMENT matrix CONSTRAINED BY ... I can't get it to work for ... = any kind of Arithmetic expression, although it works for ...= loop or if expression, or even just a number. As soon as I do something like '-5' or '4-5' it says Couldn't resolve reference to JvmIdentifiableElement '-', even though the Xbase.xtext Grammar looks like it allows these expressions. I don't think I'm missing any Jars, as it doesn't complain when I run the mwe workflow, but only when trying to parse the input file. Any help would be much appreciated.

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Mulit-dimensional array edge/border conditions

- by kirbuchi

Hi, I'm iterating over a 3 dimensional array (which is an image with 3 values for each pixel) to apply a 3x3 filter to each pixel as follows: //For each value on the image for (i=0;i<3*width*height;i++){ //For each filter value for (j=0;j<9;j++){ if (notOutsideEdgesCondition){ *(**(outArray)+i)+= *(**(pixelArray)+i-1+(j%3)) * (*(filter+j)); } } } I'm using pointer arithmetic because if I used array notation I'd have 4 loops and I'm trying to have the least possible number of loops. My problem is my notOutsideEdgesCondition is getting quite out of hands because I have to consider 8 border cases. I have the following handled conditions Left Column: ((i%width)==0) && (j%3==0) Right Column: ((i-1)%width ==0) && (i>1) && (j%3==2) Upper Row: (i<width) && (j<2) Lower Row: (i>(width*height-width)) && (j>5) and still have to consider the 4 corner cases which will have longer expressions. At this point I've stopped and asked myself if this is the best way to go because If I have a 5 line long conditional evaluation it'll not only be truly painful to debug but will slow the inner loop. That's why I come to you to ask if there's a known algorithm to handle this cases or if there's a better approach for my problem. Thanks a lot.

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Object-oriented GUI development in python

- by ptabatt

Hey guys, new programmer here. I have an assignment for class and I'm stuck... What I need to do is a create a GUI that gives someone a basic arithmetic problem in one box, asks the person to answer it, evaluates it, and tells you if you're right or wrong... Basically, what I have is this: [code] class Lesson(Frame): def init (self, parent=None): Frame.init(self, parent) self.pack() Lesson.make_widgets(self) def make_widgets(self): Label(self, text="").pack(side=TOP) ent = Entry(self) self.a = randrange(1,10) self.b = randrange(1,10) self.expr = choice(["+","-"]) ent.insert(END, str(self.a) + str(self.expr) + str(self.a)) [/code] I've broken this down into many little steps and basically, what I'm trying to do right now is insert a default random expression into the first entry widget. When I run this code, I just get a blank Label. Why is that? How can I put a something like "7+7" into the box? If you absolutely need background to the problem, it's question #3 on this link. http://reed.cs.depaul.edu/lperkovic/csc242/homeworks/Homework8.html -Thanks for all help in advance.

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Is there really such a thing as a char or short in modern programming?

- by Dean P

Howdy all, I've been learning to program for a Mac over the past few months (I have experience in other languages). Obviously that has meant learning the Objective C language and thus the plainer C it is predicated on. So I have stumbles on this quote, which refers to the C/C++ language in general, not just the Mac platform. With C and C++ prefer use of int over char and short. The main reason behind this is that C and C++ perform arithmetic operations and parameter passing at integer level, If you have an integer value that can fit in a byte, you should still consider using an int to hold the number. If you use a char, the compiler will first convert the values into integer, perform the operations and then convert back the result to char. So my question, is this the case in the Mac Desktop and IPhone OS environments? I understand when talking about theses environments we're actually talking about 3-4 different architectures (PPC, i386, Arm and the A4 Arm variant) so there may not be a single answer. Nevertheless does the general principle hold that in modern 32 bit / 64 bit systems using 1-2 byte variables that don't align with the machine's natural 4 byte words doesn't provide much of the efficiency we may expect. For instance, a plain old C-Array of 100,000 chars is smaller than the same 100,000 ints by a factor of four, but if during an enumeration, reading out each index involves a cast/boxing/unboxing of sorts, will we see overall lower 'performance' despite the saved memory overhead?

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Learning C++ as a Perl programmer

- by meneldor

Hello all, I'm a Perl5 programmer for 7 years and I'm trying to learn C++ now. Some of the c++ syntax is hard for me to understand and to think in c++ way. For example: In perl you can mix the data in the arrays @array = (1,"string",5.355); You can assign any value to a scalar variable: $var = 1; $var = "string"; $var = \$reference_to_scalar; There are many examples. The friend of mine recommend me the book "Thinking of C++" by Bruce Eckel, but I haven't any C background and it's hard for me to understand some things. So my question is - could you recommend me a book for this situation. I don't want to learn C. I understand OOP (I'm getting more familiar with C++ oop aswell), I understand the point of the pointers(and some arithmetic) and references(widely used in perl). I dont need some of the manuals for dummies (what is int,bool,double,if,while), I just need a direction how to learn C++ from my point of perl programmer, because I,m sure that there are many like me. Thank you in advance.

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C++: is it safe to work with std::vectors as if they were arrays?

- by peoro

I need to have a fixed-size array of elements and to call on them functions that require to know about how they're placed in memory, in particular: functions like glVertexPointer, that needs to know where the vertices are, how distant they are one from the other and so on. In my case vertices would be members of the elements to store. to get the index of an element within this array, I'd prefer to avoid having an index field within my elements, but would rather play with pointers arithmetic (ie: index of Element *x will be x - & array[0]) -- btw, this sounds dirty to me: is it good practice or should I do something else? Is it safe to use std::vector for this? Something makes me think that an std::array would be more appropriate but: Constructor and destructor for my structure will be rarely called: I don't mind about such overhead. I'm going to set the std::vector capacity to size I need (the size that would use for an std::array, thus won't take any overhead due to sporadic reallocation. I don't mind a little space overhead for std::vector's internal structure. I could use the ability to resize the vector (or better: to have a size chosen during setup), and I think there's no way to do this with std::array, since its size is a template parameter (that's too bad: I could do that even with an old C-like array, just dynamically allocating it on the heap). If std::vector is fine for my purpose I'd like to know into details if it will have some runtime overhead with respect to std::array (or to a plain C array): I know that it'll call the default constructor for any element once I increase its size (but I guess this won't cost anything if my data has got an empty default constructor?), same for destructor. Anything else?

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Trying to calculate large numbers in Python with gmpy. Python keeps crashing?

- by Ryan Peschel

I was recommended to use gmpy to assist with calculating large numbers efficiently. Before I was just using python and my script ran for a day or two and then ran out of memory (not sure how that happened because my program's memory usage should basically be constant throughout.. maybe a memory leak?) Anyways, I keep getting this weird error after running my program for a couple seconds: mp_allocate< 545275904->545275904 > Fatal Python error: mp_allocate failure This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way. Please contact the application's support team for more information. Also, python crashes and Windows 7 gives me the generic python.exe has stopped working dialog. This wasn't happening with using standard python integers. Now that I switch to gmpy I am getting this error just seconds in to running my script. I thought gmpy was specialized in dealing with large number arithmetic? For reference, here is a sample program that produces the error: import gmpy2 p = gmpy2.xmpz(3000000000) s = gmpy2.xmpz(2) M = s**p for x in range(p): s = (s * s) % M I have 10 gigs of RAM and without gmpy this script ran for days without running out of memory (still not sure how that happened considering s never really gets larger.. Anyone have any ideas? EDIT: Forgot to mention I am using Python 3.2

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Endianness and C API's: Specifically OpenSSL.

- by Hassan Syed

I have an algorithm that uses the following OpenSSL calls: HMAC_update() / HMAC_final() // ripe160 EVP_CipherUpdate() / EVP_CipherFinal() // cbc_blowfish These algorithm take a unsigned char * into the "plain text". My input data is comes from a C++ std::string::c_str() which originate from a protocol buffer object as a encoded UTF-8 string. UTF-8 strings are meant to be endian neutrial. However I'm a bit paranoid about how OpenSSL may perform operations on the data. My understanding is that encryption algorithms work on 8-bit blocks of data, and if a unsigned char * is used for pointer arithmetic when the operations are performed the algorithms should be endian neutral and I do not need to worry about anything. My uncertainty is compounded by the fact that I am working on a little-endian machine and have never done any real cross-architecture programming. My beliefs/reasoning are/is based on the following two properties std::string (not wstring) internally uses a 8-bit ptr and a the resulting c_str() ptr will itterate the same way regardless of the CPU architecture. Encryption algorithms are either by design, or by implementation, endian neutral. I know the best way to get a definitive answer is to use QEMU and do some cross-platform unit tests (which I plan to do). My question is a request for comments on my reasoning, and perhaps will assist other programmers when faced with similar problems.

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Prolog Beginner: How to unify with arithmentic comparison operators or how to get a set var to range

- by sixtyfootersdude

I am new to prolog. I need to write an integer adder that will add numbers between 0-9 to other numbers 0-9 and produce a solution 0-18. This is what I want to do: % sudo code add(in1, in2, out) :- in1 < 10, in2 < 10, out < 18. I would like to be able to call it like this: To Check if it is a valid addition: ?- add(1,2,3). true ?- add(1,2,4). false With one missing variable: ?- add(X,2,3). 1 ?- add(1,4,X). 5 With multiple missing variables: ?-add(X,Y,Z). % Some output that would make sense. Some examples could be: X=1, Y=1, Z=2 ; X=2, Y=1, Z=3 ...... I realize that this is probably a pretty simplistic question and it is probably very straightforward. However cording to the prolog tutorial I am using: "Unlike unification Arithmetic Comparison Operators operators cannot be used to give values to a variable. The can only be evaluated when every term on each side have been instantiated."

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Hundreds of custom UserControls create thousands of USER Objects

- by Andy Blackman

I'm creating a dashboard application that shows hundreds of "items" on a FlowLayoutPanel. Each "item" is a UserControl that is made up of 12 or labels. My app queries a database and then creates an "item" instance for each record, populating ethe labels and textboxes with data before adding it to the FlowLayoutPanel. After adding about 560 items to the panel, I noticed that the USER Objects count in my Task Manager had gone up to about 7300, which was much much larger than any other app on my machine. I did a quick spot of mental arithmetic (OK, I might have used calc.exe) and figured that 560 * 13 (12 labels plus the UserControl itself) is 7280. So that suddenly gave away where all the objects were coming from... Knowing that there is a 10,000 USER object limit before windows throws in the towel, I'm trying to figure better ways of drawing these items onto the FlowLayoutPanel. My ideas so far are as follows: 1) User-draw the "item", using graphics.DrawText and DrawImage in place of many of the labels. I'm hoping that this will mean 1 item = 1 USER Object, not 13. 2) Have 1 instance of the "item", then for each record, populate the instance and use the Control.DrawToBitmap() method to grab an image and then use that in the FlowLayoutPanel (or similar) So... Does anyone have any other suggestions ??? P.S. It's a zoomable interface, so I have already ruled out "Paging" as there is a requirement to see all items at once :( Thanks everyone.

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Java RSA Encrypt using .NET XML Key File - need help

- by badMonkey

In .net I have generated the following public key file: <RSAKeyValue> <Modulus>xTSiS4+I/x9awUXcF66Ffw7tracsQfGCn6g6k/hGkLquHYMFTCYk4mOB5NwLwqczwvl8HkQfDShGcvrm47XHKUzA8iadWdA5n4toBECzRxiCWCHm1KEg59LUD3fxTG5ogGiNxDj9wSguCIzFdUxBYq5ot2J4iLgGu0qShml5vwk=</Modulus> <Exponent>AQAB</Exponent> .NET is happy to encrypt using it's normal methods. I am trying to use this key to encode a string in Java and am running into an Arithmetic problem (exception) when I attempt to encrypt the string. The following is the code I am using to encrypt: byte[] modulusBytes = Base64.decode(this.getString(R.string.public_key_modulus)); byte[] exponentBytes = Base64.decode(this.getString(R.string.public_key_exponent)); BigInteger modulus = new BigInteger( modulusBytes ); BigInteger exponent = new BigInteger( exponentBytes); RSAPublicKeySpec rsaPubKey = new RSAPublicKeySpec(modulus, exponent); KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA"); PublicKey pubKey = fact.generatePublic(rsaPubKey); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey); byte[] cipherData = cipher.doFinal( new String("big kitty dancing").getBytes() ); It is the final line in the code block that fails. I have looked at numerous examples and this is the best I could come up with. If it is not obvious, the R.string.public_key_modulus is a copy/paste of the text in the Modulus element, same applies for exponent.

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Finding the digit root of a number

- by Jessica M.

Study question is to find the digit root of a already provided number. The teacher provides us with the number 2638. In order to find the digit root you have to add each digit separately 2 + 6 + 3 + 8 = 19. Then you take the result 19 and add those two digits together 1 + 9 = 10. Do the same thing again 1 + 0 = 1. The digit root is 1. My first step was to use the variable total to add up the number 2638 to find the total of 19. Then I tried to use the second while loop to separate the two digits by using the % I have to try and solve the problem by using basic integer arithmetic (+, -, *, /). 1.Is it necessary and or possible to solve the problem using nested while loops? 2.Is my math correct? 3. As I wrote it here it does not run in Eclipse. Am I using the while loops correctly? import acm.program.*; public class Ch4Q7 extends ConsoleProgram { public void run(){ println("This program attempts to find the digit root of your number: "); int n = readInt("Please enter your number: "); int total = 0; int root = total; while (n > 0 ){ total = total + (n %10); n = (n / 10); } while ( total > 0 ){ root = total; total = ((total % 10) + total / 10); } println("your root should be " + root); } }

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C Typecast: How to

- by Jean

#include<stdio.h> int main(void) { unsigned short a,e,f ; // 2 bytes data type unsigned int temp1,temp2,temp4; // 4 bytes data type unsigned long temp3; // 8 bytes data type a=0xFFFF; e=((a*a)+(a*a))/(2*a); // Line 8 //e=(((unsigned long)(a*a)+(unsigned long)(a*a)))/(unsigned int)(2*a); temp1=a*a; temp2=a*a; temp3=(unsigned long)temp1+(unsigned long)temp2; // Line 14 temp4=2*a; f=temp3/temp4; printf("%u,%u,%lu,%u,%u,%u,%u\n",temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4,e,f,a); return(1); } How do I fix the arithmetic (At Line 8 by appropriate typecasting of intermediate results) so that overflows are taken care of ? Currently it prints 65534 instead of expected 65535. Why is the typecast necessary for Line 14 ?

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Checked and Unchecked operators don't seem to be working when...

- by flockofcode

1) Is UNCHECKED operator in effect only when expression inside UNCHECKED context uses an explicit cast ( such as byte b1=unchecked((byte)2000); ) and when conversion to particular type can happen implicitly? I’m assuming this since the following expression throws a compile time error: byte b1=unchecked(2000); //compile time error 2) a) Do CHECKED and UNCHECKED operators work only when resulting value of an expression or conversion is of an integer type? I’m assuming this since in the first example ( where double type is being converted to integer type ) CHECKED operator works as expected: double m = double.MaxValue; b=checked((byte)m); // reports an exception , while in second example ( where double type is being converted to a float type ) CHECKED operator doesn’t seem to be working. since it doesn't throw an exception: double m = double.MaxValue; float f = checked((float)m); // no exception thrown b) Why don’t the two operators also work with expressions where type of a resulting value is of floating-point type? 2) Next quote is from Microsoft’s site: The unchecked keyword is used to control the overflow-checking context for integral-type arithmetic operations and conversions I’m not sure I understand what exactly have expressions and conversions such as unchecked((byte)(100+200)); in common with integrals? Thank you

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Need some ideas on how to acomplish this in Java (parsing strings)

- by Matt

Sorry I couldn't think of a better title, but thanks for reading! My ultimate goal is to read a .java file, parse it, and pull out every identifier. Then store them all in a list. Two preconditions are there are no comments in the file, and all identifiers are composed of letters only. Right now I can read the file, parse it by spaces, and store everything in a list. If anything in the list is a java reserved word, it is removed. Also, I remove any loose symbols that are not attached to anything (brackets and arithmetic symbols). Now I am left with a bunch of weird strings, but at least they have no spaces in them. I know I am going to have to re-parse everything with a . delimiter in order to pull out identifiers like System.out.print, but what about strings like this example: Logger.getLogger(MyHash.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, After re-parsing by . I will be left with more crazy strings like: getLogger(MyHash getName()) log(Level SEVERE, How am I going to be able to pull out all the identifiers while leaving out all the trash? Just keep re-parsing by every symbol that could exist in java code? That seems rather lame and time consuming. I am not even sure if it would work completely. So, can you suggest a better way of doing this?

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