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• How to calculate the state of a graph?

  - by zcb

  Given a graph G=(V,E), each node i is associated with 'Ci' number of objects. At each step, for every node i, the Ci objects will be taken away by the neighbors of i equally. After K steps, output the number of objects of the top five nodes which has the most objects. Some Constrains: |V|<10^5, |E|<2*10^5, K<10^7, Ci<1000 My current idea is: represent the transformation in each step with a matrix. This problem is converted to the calculation of the power of matrix. But this solution is much too slow considering |V| can be 10^5. Is there any faster way to do it?

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• TCP Connection Persistent State

  - by TripShock

  Is there any field/option/anything that I can put in a TCP packet (be it a syn or an ack or just plain data) that I can be sure will be returned by the other end intact? For eg. I want to "tag" a particular connection (src, srcport, dst, dstport) with a number that I can always read from a packet belonging to that connection. That means I can identify the connection without using the 4-tuple (as given above).

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• Model def in View State

  - by tinzawtun

  In my ruby on rails project in model, I have some of definition. class PlaySport < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user belongs_to :sport def self.getLevel end def self.check_play_sport(cuser_id,sport_id) end def current_playing_sport end def all_played_sports end end I catch for this relation like this current_user.play_sports.current_playing_sport But I get the undefined method error "current_playing_sports" What is wrong

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• Question related to state maintainance

  - by user217572

  I have 10 views with UINavigationController in hiereachy now when i want to go back from 10 to 9 ,and so on by back button which method should i use? 1popviewCOntroller 2popToViewController I have set fixed value for all views.at application launch i get that value for that value i intialize rootviewController with use of UINavigationController and my rootviewcontroller is nothing but first view and after that on next line i'm pushing a particular view. plz help me out

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• QLearning and never-ending episodes

  - by devoured elysium

  Let's imagine we have an (x,y) plane where a robot can move. Now we define the middle of our world as the goal state, which means that we are going to give a reward of 100 to our robot once it reaches that state. Now, let's say that there are 4 states(which I will call A,B,C,D) that can lead to the goal state. The first time we are in A and go to the goal state, we will update our QValues table as following: Q(state = A, action = going to goal state) = 100 + 0 One of 2 things can happen. I can end the episode here, and start a different one where the robot has to find again the goal state, or I can continue exploring the world even after I found the goal state. If I try to do this, I see a problem though. If I am in the goal state and go back to state A, it's Qvalue will be the following: Q(state = goalState, action = going to A) = 0 + gamma * 100 Now, if I try to go again to the goal state from A: Q(state = A, action = going to goal state) = 100 + gamma * (gamma * 100) Which means that if I keep doing this, as 0 <= gamma <= 0, both qValues are going to rise forever. Is this the expected behavior of QLearning? Am I doing something wrong? If this is the expected behavior, can't this lead to problems? I know that probabilistically, all the 4 states(A,B,C and D), will grow at the same rate, but even so it kinda bugs me having them growing forever. The ideia of allowing the agent to continue exploring even after finding the goal has to do with that the nearer he is from the goal state, the more likely it is to being in states that can be updated at the moment.

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• State in OpenGL

  - by newprogrammer

  This is some simple code that draws to the screen. GLuint vbo; glGenBuffers(1, &vbo); glUseProgram(myProgram); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); //Fill up my VBO with vertex data glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertexes), &vertexes, GL_STATIC_DRAW); /*Draw to the screen*/ This works fine. However, I tried changing the order of some GL calls like so: GLuint vbo; glGenBuffers(1, &vbo); glUseProgram(myProgram); glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); //Now comes after the setting of the vertex attributes. glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); //Fill up my VBO with vertex data glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertexes), &vertexes, GL_STATIC_DRAW); /*Draw to the screen*/ This crashes my program. Why does there need to be a VBO bound to GL_ARRAY_BUFFER while I'm just setting up vertex attributes? To me, what glVertexAttribPointer does is just set up the format of vertexes that OpenGL will eventually use to draw things. It is not specific to any VBO. Thus, if multiple VBOs wanted to use the same vertex format, you would not need to format the vertexes in the VBO again.

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• CSS: reposition element on hover state but maintain clickable area position

  - by abirduphigh

  I'm trying to create the effect of a button that 'lifts' from the page when rolled over. Using CSS, I have a block style <a> element that, when hovered, re-positions itself up and to the left 5px, and a shadow is left behind: a { display: inline-block; position: relative; } a:hover { top: -5px; left: -5px; box-shadow: rgba(0,0,0,.2) 5px 5px 2px; } The problem: When the <a> block jumps 5px away from the cursor during the hover, the cursor is no longer actually hovering over the block and the block then jumps back when the cursor is moved only slightly thereafter. How can I maintain the original hover area so that the element doesn't keep jumping back and forth when the cursor is only slightly moved? I'd like to avoid adding superfluous container elements to my code if at all possible.

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• Gathering IP address and workstation information; does it belong in a state class?

  - by p.campbell

  I'm writing an enterprisey utility that collects exception information and writes to the Windows Event Log, sends an email, etc. This utility class will be used by all applications in the corporation: web, BizTalk, Windows Services, etc. Currently this class: holds state given to it via public properties calls out to .NET Framework methods to gather information about runtime details. Included are call to various properties and methods from System.Environment, Reflection details, etc. This implementation has the benefit of allowing all those callers not to have to make these same calls themselves. This means less code for the caller to forget, screw up, etc. Should this state class (please what's the phrase I'm looking for [like DTO]?) know how to resolve/determine runtime details (like the IP address and machine name that it's running on)? It seems to me on second thought that it's meant to be a class that should hold state, and not know how to call out to the .NET Framework to find information. var myEx = new AppProblem{MachineName="Riker"}; //Will get "Riker 10.0.0.1" from property MachineLongDesc Console.WriteLine("full machine details: " + myEx.MachineLongDesc); public class AppProblem { public string MachineName{get;set;} public string MachineLongDesc{ get{ if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.MachineName) { this.MachineName = Environment.MachineName; } return this.MachineName + " " + GetCurrentIP(); } } private string GetCurrentIP() { return System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(this.MachineName) .AddressList.First().ToString(); } } This code was written by hand from memory, and presented for simplicity, trying to illustrate the concept.

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• WCF errors in VS 2010/.Net 4 using sample publish/subscribe app from IDesign website

  - by Bill

  I am attempting to compile/run a sample WCF application from Juval Lowy's website (author of Programming WCF Services & founder of IDesign). The application is an example of a publish/subscribe 'traffic-light' application that requires using VS 2010/.Net 4. This is my first attempt at using anything other than VS 2008/Net 3.5. Initially I recieved the following binding error: "Configuration binding extension 'system.serviceModel/bindings/ netOnewayRelayBinding' could not be found." This error appeared to be resolved by amending the .Net 4 machine.config file, to incorporate the following references from the .Net 2 machine.config file. <xml> <bindingElementExtensions> <add name="tcpRelayTransport" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.TcpRelayTransportElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="httpRelayTransport" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.HttpRelayTransportElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="httpsRelayTransport" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.HttpsRelayTransportElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="onewayRelayTransport" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.RelayedOnewayTransportElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="webMessageEncoding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.WebMessageEncodingElement, System.ServiceModel.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> <add name="context" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ContextBindingElementExtensionElement, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> <add name="byteStreamMessageEncoding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.ByteStreamMessageEncodingElement, System.ServiceModel.Channels, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> <add name="discoveryClient" type="System.ServiceModel.Discovery.Configuration.DiscoveryClientElement, System.ServiceModel.Discovery, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> </bindingElementExtensions> <bindingExtensions> <add name="webHttpBinding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.WebHttpBindingCollectionElement, System.ServiceModel.Web, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> <add name="basicHttpContextBinding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.BasicHttpContextBindingCollectionElement, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> <add name="basicHttpRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.BasicHttpRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="webHttpRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.WebHttpRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="ws2007HttpRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.WS2007HttpRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="netTcpRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.NetTcpRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="netOnewayRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.NetOnewayRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" /> <add name="netEventRelayBinding" type="Microsoft.ServiceBus.Configuration.NetEventRelayBindingCollectionElement, Microsoft.ServiceBus, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> <add name="wsHttpContextBinding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.WSHttpContextBindingCollectionElement, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> <add name="netTcpContextBinding" type="System.ServiceModel.Configuration.NetTcpContextBindingCollectionElement, System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"/> </bindingExtensions> Unfortunately running the application results in the following security error: An error occurred creating the configuration section handler for system.serviceModel/client: That assembly does not allow partially trusted callers. (\TrafficLights\TrafficController\bin\Debug\TrafficController.vshost.exe.Config line 4) The sample source code is available for download at the following link: http://www.idesign.net/idesign/DesktopDefault.aspx?tabindex=-1&tabid=19&download=226 I know that Juval's code is not at fault here and that it must be something I'm doing wrong with my VS 2010 configuration. I have not been able to find a solution online. Could someone please steer me in the right direction as to how best to deal with this issue?

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• What's the best C# recommendation engine or framework?

  - by cDima

  Is there anyway to use the examples for the "My Media" Microsoft research project? My Media is a "dynamic personalization and recommendation software framework toolkit" ( http://www.mymediaproject.org ), but out of the box it doesn't provide a sample database (only a LINQ-to-SQL .dbml schema), I don't believe it will be easy to re-create by hand. I was hoping to understand recommendation engines and machine learning with this C#/.Net as a testbed, but without a simple quick start or db it seems impractical. Any suggestions? (I guess it's time to switch to Java with Apache's Mahout, Weka or something similar?)

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• Metalanguage like BNF or XML-Schema to validate a tree-instance against a tree-model

  - by Stefan

  Hi! I'm implementing a new machine learning algorithm in Java that extracts a prototype datastructure from a set of structured datasets (tree-structure). As im developing a generic library for that purpose, i kept my design independent from concrete data-representations like XML. My problem now is that I need a way to define a data model, which is basically a ruleset describing valid trees, against which a set of trees is being matched. I thought of using BNF or a similar dialect. Basically I need a way to iterate through the space of all valid TreeNodes defined by the ModelTree (Like a search through the search space for algorithms like A*) so that i can compare my set of concrete trees with the model. I know that I'll have to deal with infinite spaces there but first things first. I know, it's rather tricky (and my sentences are pretty bumpy) but I would appreciate any clues. Thanks in advance, Stefan

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• Simple VM That allows booting from folder or disk

  - by None

  I was wondering if there was a very simple and free virtual machine that would allow you to boot from a folder or disk image that couldn't damage my hard disk. I am using a MacBook and am looking into operating system programming. I found a tutorial on the internet that looked promising (http://www.viralpatel.net/taj/tutorial/hello_world_bootloader.php). I want to try this but using a VM instead of actually booting from a disk. If I made a folder or disk image containing the boot.bin file and wanted to try the OS I made (while booting from a folder or disk image, not a disk), is there a VM that would let me do it? I have no previous experience with virtual machines. I also want to be sure my hard disk would not be damaged.

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• Graphics.RotateTransform works on localhost, but not on remote server

  - by harriyott

  It works on my machine... I'm combining two map pins into a single image. I load an empty pin image and write a number on top of it. I then combine two of these, having rotated one 15 degrees and the other -15 degrees. It looks fine running through my localhost web server: I upload this to my shared server, and I get this instead: I load the image thus: var g = Graphics.FromImage(image); The line to rotate the image is: g.RotateTransform(angle); I'm sure this must be a setting somewhere, but I've had no luck finding it.

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• Genetics algorithms theoretical question

  - by mandelart

  Hi All! I'm currently reading "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach" (Russell+Norvig) and "Machine Learning" (Mitchell) - and trying to learn basics of AINN. In order to understand few basic things I have two 'greenhorn' questions: Q1: In a genetic algorithm given the two parents A and B with the chromosomes 001110 and 101101, respectively, which of the following offspring could have resulted from a one-point crossover? a: 001101 b: 001110 Q2: Which of the above offspring could have resulted from a two-point crossover? and why? Please advise.

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• Are evolutionary algorithms and neural networks used in the same problem domains?

  - by Joe Holloway

  I am trying to get a feel for the difference between the various classes of machine-learning algorithms. I understand that the implementations of evolutionary algorithms are quite different from the implementations of neural networks. However, they both seem to be geared at determining a correlation between inputs and outputs from a potentially noisy set of training/historical data. From a qualitative perspective, are there problem domains that are better targets for neural networks as opposed to evolutionary algorithms? I've skimmed some articles that suggest using them in a complementary fashion. Is there a decent example of a use case for that? Thanks

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• Tutorial/resource for implementing VM

  - by zaharpopov

  Hello, I want self-education purpose implement a simple virtual machine for a dynamic language, prefer in C language. Something like the Lua VM, or Parrot, or Python VM, but simpler. Are there any good resources/tutorials on achieving this, apart from looking at code and design documentations of the existing VMs? Thanks in advance for your answers and ideas Edit: why close vote? I don't understand - is this not programming. Please comment if there is specific problem with my question.

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• Why does a port occasionally stop listening? This happens only on occasion

  - by Binh Nguyen

  I have a Windows Service written in C# that listens on port 8591. I also have a web application hosted in IIS on the same server that makes request to the service. On occasion the port will stop listening and throws the following error: "No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it 127.0.0.1:8591". This happened 3 times in 2 months and just resolves itself. I can also fix it manually by restarting the service. I'm wondering if any one else has run into this problem and has possible suggestions to resolve. I'm a developer and have worked with our windows group extensively and they assure me there is no firewall or AV blocking the port on occasion. This is running on Windows Server 2008 R2. Very puzzled at what could be causing this to happen. Please let me know if you need more information.

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• Measuring the performance of classification algorithm

  - by Silver Dragon

  I've got a classification problem in my hand, which I'd like to address with a machine learning algorithm ( Bayes, or Markovian probably, the question is independent on the classifier to be used). Given a number of training instances, I'm looking for a way to measure the performance of an implemented classificator, with taking data overfitting problem into account. That is: given N[1..100] training samples, if I run the training algorithm on every one of the samples, and use this very same samples to measure fitness, it might stuck into a data overfitting problem -the classifier will know the exact answers for the training instances, without having much predictive power, rendering the fitness results useless. An obvious solution would be seperating the hand-tagged samples into training, and test samples; and I'd like to learn about methods selecting the statistically significant samples for training. White papers, book pointers, and PDFs much appreciated!

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• imported vm gives "failed to open/create network" error

  - by Colleen

  steps: 1. created a vm in windows 2. partitioned drive and installed ubuntu 3. exported the vm I created 4. mounted windows drive in ubuntu 5. imported the vm from the export, in the mounted drive 6. tried to start vm, got the following error: "Failed to open a session for the virtual machine XXXX. Failed to open/create the internal network 'HostInterfaceNetworking-Intel(R) 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection' (you might need to modprobe vboxnetflt to make it accessible) (VERR_INTNET_FLT_IF_NOT_FOUND). Result Code: NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x80004005) Component: Console Interface: IConsole {1968b7d3-e3bf-4ceb-99e0-cb7c913317bb} " Network settings: Adapter 1: PCnet-FAST III (Bridged adapter, Intel(R) 82579LM Gigabit Network Connection)

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• Distance between hyperplanes

  - by michael dillard

  I'm trying to teach myself some machine learning, and have been using the MNIST database (http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/) do so. The author of that site wrote a paper in '98 on all different kinds of handwriting recognition techniques, available at http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/pdf/lecun-98.pdf. The 10th method mentioned is a "Tangent Distance Classifier". The idea being that if you place each image in a (NxM)-dimensional vector space, you can compute the distance between two images as the distance between the hyperplanes formed by each where the hyperplane is given by taking the point, and rotating the image, rescaling the image, translating the image, etc. I can't figure out enough to fill in the missing details. I understand that most of these are indeed linear operators, so how does one use that fact to then create the hyperplane? And once we have a hyperplane, how do we take its distance with other hyperplanes?

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• Wastage of resources in Virtualization

  - by Sabeen Malik

  I am not sure if this is the write place to ask the question. However i hope it is. When looking for a VPS earlier today, I was trying to understand how each container would work in the background. Keeping in mind the fact that the operating system uses most of the power and power on a system, wouldn't having multiple operating systems in the same machine mean more wastage of resources. For instance if i was running centOS on a dedicated box and it was running lets say 20 background OS level processes. Then i go and install a virtualization platform and install 5 more centOS virtual machines in the same system which are exactly the same as the host operating system. Doesn't this mean duplication of those 20 processes 6 times? So internally the context switching is happening between 120 processes instead of 20?

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• Count the number of objects in an Image

  - by kunjaan

  I am investigating the possibility of image processing to identify certain objects and also count them in an image. I will be given a picture and I need to identify the number of boxes present in that image. Does anybody have any experience with any Machine Vision/ Image Processing libraries like ImageJ, Fiji, JAI, jMagick ,Java Vision Toolkit? Which do you think is best suited for the job? What do you guys suggest? If the APIs can be used from Java, it would be better. Thank you. Edit: I am dealing with warehouse brown boxes. Yes I am talking about regular photos. The source is usually a mobile phone picture.

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• Reinforcement learning toy project

  - by Betamoo

  My toy project to learn & apply Reinforcement Learning is: - An agent tries to reach a goal state "safely" & "quickly".... - But there are projectiles and rockets that are launched upon the agent in the way. - The agent can determine rockets position -with some noise- only if they are "near" - The agent then must learn to avoid crashing into these rockets.. - The agent has -rechargable with time- fuel which is consumed in agent motion - Continuous Actions: Accelerating forward - Turning with angle I need some hints and names of RL algorithms that suit that case.. - I think it is POMDP , but can I model it as MDP and just ignore noise? - In case POMDP, What is the recommended way for evaluating probability? - Which is better to use in this case: Value functions or Policy Iterations? - Can I use NN to model environment dynamics instead of using explicit equations? - If yes, Is there a specific type/model of NN to be recommended? - I think Actions must be discretized, right? I know it will take time and effort to learn such a topic, but I am eager to.. You may answer some of the questions if you can not answer all... Thanks

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• How to persist objects between requests in PHP

  - by SztupY

  I've been using rails, merb, django and asp.net mvc applications in the past. What they have common (that is relevant to the question) is that they have code that sets up the framework. This usually means creating objects and state that is persisted until the web server is recycled (like setting up routing, or checking which controllers are available, etc). As far as I know PHP is more like a CGI script that gets compiled to some bytecode each time it's run, and after the request it's discarded. Of course you can have sessions, to persist data between requests from the same user, and as I see there are extensions like APC, with which you can persist objects between requests at the server level. My question is: how can one create a PHP application that works like rails and such? I mean an application that on the first requests sets up the framework, then on the 2nd and later requests use the objects that are already set up. Is there some built in caching facility in mod_php? (for example that stores the compiled bytecode of the executed php applications) Or is using APC or some similar extensions the only way to solve this problem? How would you do it? Thanks.

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• Should onSaveInstanceState save the "enabledness" of the views?

  - by neutrino

  Hi there, I have a preferences activity where I can change the language and the theme of my application. From there I return to the previous activity via the Back key, and I want to recreate the activity. I've managed to do that by reinitializing the layout in onResume and also calling onRestoreInstanceState from there. All the views are restored properly, with checkboxes checked if needed, edittexts filled with texts I left there previously. But I also have a button which is initially disabled, and becomes enabled only when a radiobutton is checked. The problem with it is the following: I check the radiobutton, the button becomes enabled. Then I go to settings, change the theme there, and return to the first activity. When I arrive there, the radiobutton is still checked, but the button is disabled. So it seems that the enabled/disabled state isn't being saved into the bundle, which seems counterintuitive. And I haven't found any code in the Android source that does this, too. Am I missing something, or do I have to write my own code for that?

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