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• Be the surgeon

  - by Rob Farley

  It’s a phrase I use often, especially when teaching, and I wish I had realised the concept years earlier. (And of course, fits with this month’s T-SQL Tuesday topic, hosted by Argenis Fernandez) When I’m sick enough to go to the doctor, I see a GP. I used to typically see the same guy, but he’s moved on now. However, when he has been able to roughly identify the area of the problem, I get referred to a specialist, sometimes a surgeon. Being a surgeon requires a refined set of skills. It’s why they often don’t like to be called “Doctor”, and prefer the traditional “Mister” (the history is that the doctor used to make the diagnosis, and then hand the patient over to the person who didn’t have a doctorate, but rather was an expert cutter, typically from a background in butchering). But if you ask the surgeon about the pain you have in your leg sometimes, you’ll get told to ask your GP. It’s not that your surgeon isn’t interested – they just don’t know the answer. IT is the same now. That wasn’t something that I really understood when I got out of university. I knew there was a lot to know about IT – I’d just done an honours degree in it. But I also knew that I’d done well in just about all my subjects, and felt like I had a handle on everything. I got into developing, and still felt that having a good level of understanding about every aspect of IT was a good thing. This got me through for the first six or seven years of my career. But then I started to realise that I couldn’t compete. I’d moved into management, and was spending my days running projects, rather than writing code. The kids were getting older. I’d had a bad back injury (ask anyone with chronic pain how it affects  your ability to concentrate, retain information, etc). But most of all, IT was getting larger. I knew kids without lives who knew more than I did. And I felt like I could easily identify people who were better than me in whatever area I could think of. Except writing queries (this was before I discovered technical communities, and people like Paul White and Dave Ballantyne). And so I figured I’d specialise. I wish I’d done it years earlier. Now, I can tell you plenty of people who are better than me at any area you can pick. But there are also more people who might consider listing me in some of their lists too. If I’d stayed the GP, I’d be stuck in management, and finding that there were better managers than me too. If you’re reading this, SQL could well be your thing. But it might not be either. Your thing might not even be in IT. Find out, and then see if you can be a world-beater at it. But it gets even better, because you can find other people to complement the things that you’re not so good at. My company, LobsterPot Solutions, has six people in it at the moment. I’ve hand-picked those six people, along with the one who quit. The great thing about it is that I’ve been able to pick people who don’t necessarily specialise in the same way as me. I don’t write their T-SQL for them – generally they’re good enough at that themselves. But I’m on-hand if needed. Consider Roger Noble, for example. He’s doing stuff in HTML5 and jQuery that I could never dream of doing to create an amazing HTML5 version of PivotViewer. Or Ashley Sewell, a guy who does project management far better than I do. I could go on. My team is brilliant, and I love them to bits. We’re all surgeons, and when we work together, I like to think we’re pretty good! @rob_farley

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• Be the surgeon

  - by Rob Farley

  It’s a phrase I use often, especially when teaching, and I wish I had realised the concept years earlier. (And of course, fits with this month’s T-SQL Tuesday topic, hosted by Argenis Fernandez) When I’m sick enough to go to the doctor, I see a GP. I used to typically see the same guy, but he’s moved on now. However, when he has been able to roughly identify the area of the problem, I get referred to a specialist, sometimes a surgeon. Being a surgeon requires a refined set of skills. It’s why they often don’t like to be called “Doctor”, and prefer the traditional “Mister” (the history is that the doctor used to make the diagnosis, and then hand the patient over to the person who didn’t have a doctorate, but rather was an expert cutter, typically from a background in butchering). But if you ask the surgeon about the pain you have in your leg sometimes, you’ll get told to ask your GP. It’s not that your surgeon isn’t interested – they just don’t know the answer. IT is the same now. That wasn’t something that I really understood when I got out of university. I knew there was a lot to know about IT – I’d just done an honours degree in it. But I also knew that I’d done well in just about all my subjects, and felt like I had a handle on everything. I got into developing, and still felt that having a good level of understanding about every aspect of IT was a good thing. This got me through for the first six or seven years of my career. But then I started to realise that I couldn’t compete. I’d moved into management, and was spending my days running projects, rather than writing code. The kids were getting older. I’d had a bad back injury (ask anyone with chronic pain how it affects  your ability to concentrate, retain information, etc). But most of all, IT was getting larger. I knew kids without lives who knew more than I did. And I felt like I could easily identify people who were better than me in whatever area I could think of. Except writing queries (this was before I discovered technical communities, and people like Paul White and Dave Ballantyne). And so I figured I’d specialise. I wish I’d done it years earlier. Now, I can tell you plenty of people who are better than me at any area you can pick. But there are also more people who might consider listing me in some of their lists too. If I’d stayed the GP, I’d be stuck in management, and finding that there were better managers than me too. If you’re reading this, SQL could well be your thing. But it might not be either. Your thing might not even be in IT. Find out, and then see if you can be a world-beater at it. But it gets even better, because you can find other people to complement the things that you’re not so good at. My company, LobsterPot Solutions, has six people in it at the moment. I’ve hand-picked those six people, along with the one who quit. The great thing about it is that I’ve been able to pick people who don’t necessarily specialise in the same way as me. I don’t write their T-SQL for them – generally they’re good enough at that themselves. But I’m on-hand if needed. Consider Roger Noble, for example. He’s doing stuff in HTML5 and jQuery that I could never dream of doing to create an amazing HTML5 version of PivotViewer. Or Ashley Sewell, a guy who does project management far better than I do. I could go on. My team is brilliant, and I love them to bits. We’re all surgeons, and when we work together, I like to think we’re pretty good! @rob_farley

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• Prevent SQL Injection in Dynamic column names

  - by Mr Shoubs

  I can't get away without writing some dynamic sql conditions in a part of my system (using Postgres). My question is how best to avoid SQL Injection with the method I am currently using. EDIT (Reasoning): There are many of columns in a number of tables (a number which grows (only) and is maintained elsewhere). I need a method of allowing the user to decide which (predefined) column they want to query (and if necessary apply string functions to). The query itself is far too complex for the user to write themselves, nor do they have access to the db. There are 1000's of users with varying requirements and I need to remain as flexible as possible - I shouldn't have to revisit the code unless the main query needs to change - Also, there is no way of knowing what conditions the user will need to use. I have objects (received via web service) that generates a condition (the generation method is below - it isn't perfect yet) for some large sql queries. The _FieldName is user editable (parameter name was, but it didn't need to be) and I am worried it could be an attack vector. I put double quotes (see quoted identifier) around the field name in an attempt to sanitize the string, this way it can never be a key word. I could also look up the field name against a list of fields, but it would be difficult to maintain on a timely basis. Unfortunately the user must enter the condition criteria, I am sure there must be more I can add to the sanatize method? and does quoting the column name make it safe? (my limited testing seems to think so). an example built condition would be "AND upper(brandloaded.make) like 'O%' and upper(brandloaded.make) not like 'OTHERBRAND'" ... Any help or suggestions are appreciated. Public Function GetCondition() As String Dim sb As New Text.StringBuilder 'put quote around the table name in an attempt to prevent some sql injection 'http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.2/static/sql-syntax-lexical.html sb.AppendFormat(" {0} ""{1}"" ", _LogicOperator.ToString, _FieldName) Select Case _ConditionOperator Case ConditionOperatorOptions.Equals sb.Append(" = ") ... End Select sb.AppendFormat(" {0} ", Me.UniqueParameterName) 'for parameter Return Me.Sanitize(sb) End Function Private Function Sanitize(ByVal sb As Text.StringBuilder) As String 'compare against a similar blacklist mentioned here: http://forums.asp.net/t/1254125.aspx sb.Replace(";", "") sb.Replace("'", "") sb.Replace("\", "") sb.Replace(Chr(8), "") Return sb.ToString End Function Public ReadOnly Property UniqueParameterName() As String Get Return String.Concat(":" _UniqueIdentifier) End Get End Property

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• T-SQL generated from LINQ to SQL is missing a where clause

  - by Jimmy W

  I have extended some functionality to a DataContext object (called "CodeLookupAccessDataContext") such that the object exposes some methods to return results of LINQ to SQL queries. Here are the methods I have defined: public List<CompositeSIDMap> lookupCompositeSIDMap(int regionId, int marketId) { var sidGroupId = CompositeSIDGroupMaps.Where(x => x.RegionID.Equals(regionId) && x.MarketID.Equals(marketId)) .Select(x => x.CompositeSIDGroup); IEnumerator<int> sidGroupIdEnum = sidGroupId.GetEnumerator(); if (sidGroupIdEnum.MoveNext()) return lookupCodeInfo<CompositeSIDMap, CompositeSIDMap>(x => x.CompositeSIDGroup.Equals(sidGroupIdEnum.Current), x => x); else return null; } private List<TResult> lookupCodeInfo<T, TResult>(Func<T, bool> compLambda, Func<T, TResult> selectLambda) where T : class { System.Data.Linq.Table<T> dataTable = this.GetTable<T>(); var codeQueryResult = dataTable.Where(compLambda) .Select(selectLambda); List<TResult> codeList = new List<TResult>(); foreach (TResult row in codeQueryResult) codeList.Add(row); return codeList; } CompositeSIDGroupMap and CompositeSIDMap are both tables in our database that are represented as objects in my DataContext object. I wrote the following code to call these methods and display the T-SQL generated after calling these methods: using (CodeLookupAccessDataContext codeLookup = new CodeLookupAccessDataContext()) { codeLookup.Log = Console.Out; List<CompositeSIDMap> compList = codeLookup.lookupCompositeSIDMap(5, 3); } I got the following results in my log after invoking this code: SELECT [t0].[CompositeSIDGroup] FROM [dbo].[CompositeSIDGroupMap] AS [t0] WHERE ([t0].[RegionID] = @p0) AND ([t0].[MarketID] = @p1) -- @p0: Input Int (Size = 0; Prec = 0; Scale = 0) [5] -- @p1: Input Int (Size = 0; Prec = 0; Scale = 0) [3] -- Context: SqlProvider(Sql2005) Model: AttributedMetaModel Build: 3.5.30729.1 SELECT [t0].[PK_CSM], [t0].[CompositeSIDGroup], [t0].[InputSID], [t0].[TargetSID], [t0].[StartOffset], [t0].[EndOffset], [t0].[Scale] FROM [dbo].[CompositeSIDMap] AS [t0] -- Context: SqlProvider(Sql2005) Model: AttributedMetaModel Build: 3.5.30729.1 The first T-SQL statement contains a where clause as specified and returns one column as expected. However, the second statement is missing a where clause and returns all columns, even though I did specify which rows I wanted to view and which columns were of interest. Why is the second T-SQL statement generated the way it is, and what should I do to ensure that I filter out the data according to specifications via the T-SQL? Also note that I would prefer to keep lookupCodeInfo() and especially am interested in keeping it enabled to accept lambda functions for specifying which rows/columns to return.

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• That’s a wrap! Almost, there’s still one last chance to attend a SQL in the City event in 2012

  - by Red and the Community

  The communities team are back from the SQL in the City multi-city US Tour and we are delighted to have met so many happy SQL Server professionals and Red Gate customers. We set out to run a series of back-to-back events in order to meet, talk to and delight as many SQL Server and Red Gate enthusiasts as possible in 5 different cities in 11 days. We did it! The attendees had a good time too and 99% of them would attend another SQL in the City event in 2013 – so it seems we left an impression. There were a range of topics on the event agenda, ranging from ‘The Whys & Hows of Continuous Integration’, ‘Database Maintenance Essentials’, ‘Red Gate tools – The Complete Lifecycle’, ‘Automated Deployment: Application And Database Releases Without The Headache’, ‘The Ten Commandments of SQL Server Monitoring’ and many more. Videos and slides from the events will be posted to the event website in November, after our last event of 2012. SQL in the City Seattle – November 5 Join us for free and hear from some of the very best names in the SQL Server world. SQL Server MVPs such as; Steve Jones, Grant Fritchey, Brent Ozar, Gail Shaw and more will be presenting at the Bell Harbor conference center for one day only. We’re even taking on board some of the recent attendee-suggestions of how we can improve the events (feedback from the 65% of attendees who came to our US tour events), first off we’re extending the drinks celebration in the evening! Rather than just a 30 minute drink and run, attendees will have up to 2 hours to enjoy free drinks, relax and network in a fantastic environment amongst some really smart like-minded professionals. If you’re interested in expanding your SQL Server knowledge, would like to learn more about Red Gate tools, get yourself registered for the last SQL in the City event of 2012. It’s free, fun and we’re very friendly! I look forward to seeing you in Seattle on Monday November 5. Cheers, Annabel.

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• Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center to Update Solaris via Live Upgrade

  - by LeonShaner

  Introduction: This Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center blog entry provides tips for using Ops Center to update Solaris using Live Upgrade on Solaris 10 and Boot Environments on Solaris 11. Why use Live Upgrade? Live Upgrade (LU) can significantly reduce downtime associated with patching Live Upgrade avoids dropping to single-user mode for long periods of time during patching Live Upgrade relies on an Alternate Boot Environment (ABE)/(BE), which is patched while in multi-user mode; thereby allowing normal system operations to continue with the active BE, while the alternate BE is being patched Activating an newly patched (A)BE is essentially a reboot; therefore the downtime is ~= reboot Admins can easily revert to the prior Boot Environment (BE) as a safeguard / fallback. Why use Ops Center to patch via Live Upgrade, Alternate Boot Environments, and Solaris 11 equivalents? All the benefits of Ops Center's extensive patch and package knowledge base can be leveraged on top of Live Upgrade Ops Center can orchestrate patching based on Live Upgrade and Solaris 11 features, which all works together to minimize downtime Ops Centers advanced inventory and reporting features assurance that each OS is updated to a verifiable, consistent standard, rather than relying on ad-hoc (error prone) procedures and scripts Ops Center gives admins control over the boot environment specifications or they can let Ops Center decide when a BE is necessary, thereby reducing complexity and lowering the opportunity for user error Preparing to use Live Upgrade-like features in Solaris 11 Requirements and information you should know: Global Zone Root file-systems must be separate from Solaris Container / Zone filesystems Solaris 11 has features which are similar in concept to Live Upgrade on Solaris 10, but differ greatly in implementationImportant distinctions: Solaris 11 assumes ZFS root Solaris 11 adds Boot Environments (BE's) as an integrated feature (see beadm) Solaris 11 BE's avoid single-user patching (vs. Solaris 10 w/ ZFS snapshot=ABE). Solaris 11 Image Packaging System (IPS) has hooks for BE creation, as needed Solaris 11 allows pkgs to be installed + upgraded in alternate BE (e.g. instead of the live system) but it is controlled on a per-pkg basis Boot Environments are activated across a reboot; instead of spending long periods installing + upgrading packages in single user mode. Fallback to a prior BE is a function of the BE infrastructure (a la beadm). (Generally) Reboot + BE activation can be much much faster on Solaris 11 Preparing to use Live Upgrade on Solaris 10 Requirements and information you should know: Global Zone Root file-systems must be separate from Solaris Container / Zone filesystems Live Upgrade Pre-requisite patches must be applied before the first Live Upgrade Alternate Boot Environments are created (see "Pre-requisite Patches" section, below...) Solaris 10 Update 6 or newer on ZFS root is the practical starting point for Live Upgrade Live Upgrade with ZFS root is far more straight-forward than any scheme based on Alternative Boot Environments in slices or temporarily breaking mirrors Use Solaris best practices to upgrade the OS to at least Solaris 10 Update 4 (outside of Ops Center) UFS root can (technically) be used, but it is significantly more involved (e.g. discouraged) -- there are many reasons to move to ZFS while going through the process to update to Solaris 10 Update 6 or newer (out side of Ops Center) Recommendation: Start with Solaris 10 Update 6 or newer on ZFS root Recommendation: Start with Ops Center 12c or newer Ops Center 12c can automatically create your ABE's for you, without the need for custom scripts Ops Center 12c Update 2 avoids kernel panic on unpatched Solaris 10 update 9 (and older) -- unrelated to Live Upgrade, but more on the issue, below. NOTE: There is no magic!  If you have systems running Solaris 10 Update 5 or older on UFS root, and you don't know how to get them updated to Solaris 10 on ZFS root, then there are services available from Oracle Advanced Customer Support (ACS), which specialize in this area. Live Upgrade Pre-requisite Patches (Solaris 10) Certain Live Upgrade related patches must be present before the first Live Upgrade ABE's are created on Solaris 10.Use the following MOS Search String to find the “living document” that outlines the required patch minimums, which are necessary before using any Live Upgrade features: Solaris Live Upgrade Software Patch Requirements(Click above – the link is valid as of this writing, but search in MOS for the same "Solaris Live Upgrade Software Patch Requirements" string if necessary) It is a very good idea to check the document periodically and adapt to its contents, accordingly.IMPORTANT:  In case it wasn't clear in the above document, some direct patching of the active OS, including a reboot, may be required before Live Upgrade can be successfully used the first time.HINT: You can use Ops Center to determine what to expect for a given system, and to schedule the “pre-patching” during a maintenance window if necessary. Preparing to use Ops Center Discover + Manage (Install + Configure the Ops Center agent in) each Global Zone Recommendation:  Begin by using OCDoctor --agent-prereq to determine whether OS meets OC prerequisites (resolve any issues) See prior requirements and recommendations w.r.t. starting with Solaris 10 Update 6 or newer on ZFS (or at least Solaris 10 Update 4 on UFS, with caveats) WARNING: Systems running unpatched Solaris 10 update 9 (or older) should run the Ops Center 12c Update 2 agent to avoid a potential kernel panic The 12c Update 2 agent will check patch minimums and disable certain process accounting features if the kernel is not sufficiently patched to avoid the panic SPARC: 142900-05 Obsoleted by: 142900-06 SunOS 5.10: kernel patch 10 Oracle Solaris on SPARC (32-bit) X64: 142901-05 Obsoleted by: 142901-06 SunOS 5.10_x86: kernel patch 10 Oracle Solaris on x86 (32-bit) OR SPARC: 142909-17 SunOS 5.10: kernel patch 10 Oracle Solaris on SPARC (32-bit) X64: 142910-17 SunOS 5.10_x86: kernel patch 10 Oracle Solaris on x86 (32-bit) Ops Center 12c (initial release) and 12c Update 1 agent can also be safely used with a workaround (to be performed BEFORE installing the agent): # mkdir -p /etc/opt/sun/oc # echo "zstat_exacct_allowed=false" > /etc/opt/sun/oc/zstat.conf # chmod 755 /etc/opt/sun /etc/opt/sun/oc # chmod 644 /etc/opt/sun/oc/zstat.conf # chown -Rh root:sys /etc/opt/sun/oc NOTE: Remove the above after patching the OS sufficiently, or after upgrading to the 12c Update 2 agent Using Ops Center to apply Live Upgrade-related Pre-Patches (Solaris 10)Overview: Create an OS Update Profile containing the minimum LU-related pre-patches, based on the Solaris Live Upgrade Software Patch Requirements, previously mentioned. SIMULATE the deployment of the LU-related pre-patches Observe whether any of the LU-related pre-patches will require a reboot The job details for each Global Zone will advise whether a reboot step will be required ACTUALLY deploy the LU-related pre-patches, according to your change control process (e.g. if no reboot, maybe okay to do now; vs. must do later because of the reboot). You can schedule the job to occur later, during a maintenance window Check the job status for each node, resolving any issues found Once the LU-related pre-patches are applied, you can Ops Center to patch using Live Upgrade on Solaris 10 Using Ops Center to patch Solaris 10 with LU/ABE's -- the GOODS!(this is the heart of the tip): Create an OS Update Profile containing the patches that make up your standard build Use Solaris Baselines when possible Add other individual patches as needed ACTUALLY deploy the OS Update Profile Specify the appropriate Live Upgrade options, e.g. Synchronize the active BE to the alternate BE before patching Do not activate the BE after patching Check the job status for each node, resolving any issues found Activate the newly patched BE according to your change control process Activate = Reboot to the ABE, making the ABE the new active BE Ops Center does not separate LU activate from reboot, so expect a reboot! Check the job status for each node, resolving any issues found Examples (w/Screenshots) Solaris 10 and Live Upgrade: Auto-Create the Alternate Boot Environment (ZFS root only) ABE to be created on ZFS with name S10_12_07REC (Example) Uses built in feature to call “lucreate -n S10_12_07REC” behind scenes if not already present NOTE: Leave “lucreate” params blank (if you do specify options, the will be appended after -n $ABEName) Solaris 10 and Live Upgrade: Alternate Boot Environment Creation via Operational Profile (script) The Alternate Boot Environment is to be created via custom, user-supplied script, which does whatever is needed for the system where Live Upgrade will be used. Operational Profile, which provides the script to create an ABE: Very similar to the automatic case, but with a Script (Operational Profile), which is used to create the ABE Relies on user-supplied script in the form of an Operational Profile Could be used to prepare an ABE based on a UFS root in a slice, or on a separate device (e.g. by breaking a mirror first) – it is up to the script author to do the right thing! EXAMPLE: Same result as the ZFS case, but illustrating the Operational Profile (e.g. script) approach to call: # lucreate -n S10_1207REC NOTE: OC special variable is $ABEName Boot Environment Profile, which references the Operational Profile Script = Operational Profile on this screen Refers to Operational Profile shown in the previous section The user-supplied S10_Create_BE Operational Profile will be run The Operational Profile must send a non-zero exit code if there is a problem (so that the OS Update job will not proceed) Solaris 10 OS Update Profile (to provide the actual patch specifications) Solaris 10 Baseline “Recommended” chosen for “Install” Solaris 10 OS Update Plan (two-steps in this case) “Create a Boot Environment” + “Update OS” are chosen. Using Ops Center to patch Solaris 11 with Boot Environments (as needed) Create a Solaris 11 OS Update Profile containing the packages that make up your standard build ACTUALLY deploy the Solaris 11 OS Update Profile BE will be created if needed (or you can stipulate no BE) BE name will be auto-generated (if needed), or you may specify a BE name Check the job status for each node, resolving any issues found Check if a BE was created; if so, activate the new BE Activate = Reboot to the BE, making the new BE the active BE Ops Center does not separate BE activate from reboot NOTE: Not every Solaris 11 OS Update will require a new BE, so a reboot may not be necessary. Solaris 11: Auto BE Create (as Needed -- let Ops Center decide) BE to be created as needed BE to be named automatically Reboot (if necessary) deferred to separate step Solaris 11: OS Profile Solaris 11 “entire” chosen for a particular SRU Solaris 11: OS Update Plan (w/BE)  “Create a Boot Environment” + “Update OS” are chosen. Summary: Solaris 10 Live Upgrade, Alternate Boot Environments, and their equivalents on Solaris 11 can be very powerful tools to help minimize the downtime associated with updating your servers.  For very old Solaris, there are some important prerequisites to adhere to, but once the initial preparation is complete, Live Upgrade can be used going forward.  For Solaris 11, the built-in Boot Environment handling is leveraged directly by the Image Packaging System, and the result is a much more straight forward way to patch, and far fewer prerequisites to satisfy in getting there.  Ops Center simplifies using either approach, and helps you improve consistency from system to system, which ultimately helps you improve the overall up-time across all the Solaris systems in your environment. Please let us know what you think?  Until next time...\Leon-- Leon Shaner | Senior IT/Product ArchitectSystems Management | Ops Center Engineering @ Oracle The views expressed on this [blog; Web site] are my own and do not necessarily reflect the views of Oracle. For more information, please go to Oracle Enterprise Manager  web page or  follow us at :  Twitter | Facebook | YouTube | Linkedin | Newsletter

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• "Executing SQL directly; no cursor" error when using SCOPE_IDENTITY/IDENT_CURRENT

  - by Chris

  There wasn't much on google about this error, so I'm askin here. I'm switching a PHP web application from using MySQL to SQL Server 2008 (using ODBC, not php_mssql). Running queries or anything else isn't a problem, but when I try to do scope_identity (or any similar functions), I get the error "Executing SQL directly; no cursor". I'm doing this immediately after an insert, so it should still be in scope. Running the same insert statement then query for the insert ID works fine in SQL Server Management Studio. Here's my code right now (everything else in the database wrapper class works fine for other queries, so I'll assume it isn't relevant right now): function insert_id(){ return $this->query_first("SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() as insert_id"); } query_first being a function that returns the first result from the first field of a query (basically the equivalent of execute_scalar() on .net). The full error message: Warning: odbc_exec() [function.odbc-exec]: SQL error: [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 10.0][SQL Server]Executing SQL directly; no cursor., SQL state 01000 in SQLExecDirect in C:[...]\Database_MSSQL.php on line 110

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• Atomic UPSERT in SQL Server 2005

  - by rabidpebble

  What is the correct pattern for doing an atomic "UPSERT" (UPDATE where exists, INSERT otherwise) in SQL Server 2005? I see a lot of code on SO (e.g. see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/639854/tsql-check-if-a-row-exists-otherwise-insert) with the following two-part pattern: UPDATE ... FROM ... WHERE <condition> -- race condition risk here IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 INSERT ... or IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ... WHERE <condition>) = 0 -- race condition risk here INSERT ... ELSE UPDATE ... where will be an evaluation of natural keys. None of the above approaches seem to deal well with concurrency. If I cannot have two rows with the same natural key, it seems like all of the above risk inserting rows with the same natural keys in race condition scenarios. I have been using the following approach but I'm surprised not to see it anywhere in people's responses so I'm wondering what is wrong with it: INSERT INTO <table> SELECT <natural keys>, <other stuff...> FROM <table> WHERE NOT EXISTS -- race condition risk here? ( SELECT 1 FROM <table> WHERE <natural keys> ) UPDATE ... WHERE <natural keys> (Note: I'm assuming that rows will not be deleted from this table. Although it would be nice to discuss how to handle the case where they can be deleted -- are transactions the only option? Which level of isolation?) Is this atomic? I can't locate where this would be documented in SQL Server documentation.

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• How to call SQL Function with multiple parameters from C# web page

  - by Marshall

  I have an MS SQL function that is called with the following syntax: SELECT Field1, COUNT(*) AS RecordCount FROM GetDecileTable('WHERE ClientID = 7 AND LocationName = ''Default'' ', 10) The first parameter passes a specific WHERE clause that is used by the function for one of the internal queries. When I call this function in the front-end C# page, I need to send parameter values for the individual fields inside of the WHERE clause (in this example, both the ClientID & LocationName fields) The current C# code looks like this: String SQLText = "SELECT Field1, COUNT(*) AS RecordCount FROM GetDecileTable('WHERE ClientID = @ClientID AND LocationName = @LocationName ',10)"; SqlCommand Cmd = new SqlCommand(SQLText, SqlConnection); Cmd.Parameters.Add("@ClientID", SqlDbType.Int).Value = 7; // Insert real ClientID Cmd.Parameters.Add("@LocationName", SqlDbType.NVarChar(20)).Value = "Default"; // Real code uses Location Name from user input SqlDataReader reader = Cmd.ExecuteReader(); When I do this, I get the following code from SQL profiler: exec sp_executesql N'SELECT Field1, COUNT(*) as RecordCount FROM GetDecileTable (''WHERE ClientID = @ClientID AND LocationName = @LocationName '',10)', N'@ClientID int,@LocationID nvarchar(20)', @ClientID=7,@LocationName=N'Default' When this executes, SQL throws an error that it cannot parse past the first mention of @ClientID stating that the Scalar Variable @ClientID must be defined. If I modify the code to declare the variables first (see below), then I receive an error at the second mention of @ClientID that the variable already exists. exec sp_executesql N'DECLARE @ClientID int; DECLARE @LocationName nvarchar(20); SELECT Field1, COUNT(*) as RecordCount FROM GetDecileTable (''WHERE ClientID = @ClientID AND LocationName = @LocationName '',10)', N'@ClientID int,@LocationName nvarchar(20)', @ClientID=7,@LocationName=N'Default' I know that this method of adding parameters and calling SQL code from C# works well when I am selecting data from tables, but I am not sure how to embed parameters inside of the ' quote marks for the embedded WHERE clause being passed to the function. Any ideas?

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• Redistribution of sqlpackage.exe [SSDT]

  - by jamiet

  This is a short note for anyone that may be interested in redistributing sqlpackage.exe. If this isn’t you then no need to keep reading. Ostensibly this is here for anyone that bingles for this information. sqlpackage.exe is a command-line that ships with SQL Server Development Tools (SSDT) in SQL Server 2012 and its main purpose (amongst other things) is to deploy .dacpac files from the command-line. Its quite conceivable that one might want to install only sqlpackage.exe rather than the full SSDT suite (for example on a production server) and I myself have recently had that need. I enquired to the SSDT product team about the possibility of doing this. I said: Back in VS DB Proj days it was possible to use VSDBCMD.exe on a machine that did not have the full VS shell install by shipping lots of pre-requisites along for the ride (details at How to: Prepare a Database for Deployment From a Command Prompt by Using VSDBCMD.EXE). Is there a similar mechanism for using VSDBMCD.exe’s replacement, sqlpackage.exe? here was the reply from Barclay Hill who heads up the development team: Yes, SQLPackage.exe is the analogy of VSDBCMD.exe. You can acquire separately, in a stand-alone package, by installing DACFX. You can get it from: Feature pack is here: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29065 Web Platform Installer here: http://www.microsoft.com/web/gallery/install.aspx?appid=DACFX You will notice it has dependencies on SQLDOM and SQLCLRTYPES.  WebPI will install these for you, but it is al carte on the feature pack. So, now you know. I didn’t enquire about licensing of DACFX but given SSDT is free I am going to assume that the same applies to DACFX too. @Jamiet

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• Redistribution of sqlpackage.exe [SSDT]

  - by jamiet

  This is a short note for anyone that may be interested in redistributing sqlpackage.exe. If this isn’t you then no need to keep reading. Ostensibly this is here for anyone that bingles for this information. sqlpackage.exe is a command-line that ships with SQL Server Development Tools (SSDT) in SQL Server 2012 and its main purpose (amongst other things) is to deploy .dacpac files from the command-line. Its quite conceivable that one might want to install only sqlpackage.exe rather than the full SSDT suite (for example on a production server) and I myself have recently had that need. I enquired to the SSDT product team about the possibility of doing this. I said: Back in VS DB Proj days it was possible to use VSDBCMD.exe on a machine that did not have the full VS shell install by shipping lots of pre-requisites along for the ride (details at How to: Prepare a Database for Deployment From a Command Prompt by Using VSDBCMD.EXE). Is there a similar mechanism for using VSDBMCD.exe’s replacement, sqlpackage.exe? here was the reply from Barclay Hill who heads up the development team: Yes, SQLPackage.exe is the analogy of VSDBCMD.exe. You can acquire separately, in a stand-alone package, by installing DACFX. You can get it from: Feature pack is here: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29065 Web Platform Installer here: http://www.microsoft.com/web/gallery/install.aspx?appid=DACFX You will notice it has dependencies on SQLDOM and SQLCLRTYPES.  WebPI will install these for you, but it is al carte on the feature pack. So, now you know. I didn’t enquire about licensing of DACFX but given SSDT is free I am going to assume that the same applies to DACFX too. @Jamiet

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• Upgrading from 2005 to R2

  - by DavidWimbush

  We're about to take the plunge and upgrade our servers from SQL 2005 to SQL 2008 R2. Real world accounts of people upgrading to R2 are a bit hard to find so I thought it might be useful to blog what happens. (I don't count marketing 'case studies' that just say stuff like "The process was effortless and the upgrade will pay for itself by the end the week.") We're using the database engine, Analysis Services and Reporting Services so upgrading by a major version number was looking a bit daunting. I wasn't expecting much trouble on the engine side of things but, as most of the action in 2008 and R2 appears to have been on the Reporting and BI front, I expected to have quite a bit of work to do. But our testing so far has been one nice surprise after another: The 2005 backups restore cleanly onto R2. R2's BI Studio upgraded the Reporting and Analysis Services solutions without any issues. The cubes all deployed and processed just fine. R2 BI Studio interacts fine with TFS 2008 version control. I'll blog some more as things develop.  

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• Remote SQL server connection failure

  - by Sevki

  I am trying to connect to my MSSQL server 2008 web instance and im failing horribly... i get the error 26 and before you jump on me i have done these Check the spelling of the SQL Server instance name that is specified in the connection string. Use the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration tool to enable SQL Server to accept remote connections over the TCP or named pipes protocols. For more information about the SQL Server Surface Area Configuration Tool, see Surface Area Configuration for Services and Connections. Make sure that you have configured the firewall on the server instance of SQL Server to open ports for SQL Server and the SQL Server Browser port (UDP 1434). Make sure that the SQL Server Browser service is started on the server. in addition to theese i have disabled the firewall completely and tried other ports nothing works the same credentials work on the server but not on the client. this is the exact error message A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 26 - Error Locating Server/Instance Specified) (.Net SqlClient Data Provider) Can anybody help?

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• Oracle releases Java SE 7 Update 7, and Java SE 6 Update 35

  - by Henrik Stahl

  This morning, Oracle released updates to JDK 6 and 7. For more information on these releases see: Security Alert for CVE-2012-4681 Released Release notes Oracle recommends that users apply these updates as soon as possible. Users of Oracle JRE 6 and 7 for Windows (32-bit) and the recently released JRE 7 for Mac OSX (64-bit) will be updated automatically. For more information see, this blog entry.

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• SQL Server Installaion error 0x84B40000

  - by Kurtevich

  I have a problem installing SQL Server 2008 R2. Long time ago I had it installed, and then uninstalled. It was left in "Add/remove programs", but I didn't pay attention on that. I had 2005 installed. And now there is a need to install 2008. I removed 2005 and started installing 2008, but it says that space on C: is not enough. That's when I found out that "Add/remove programs" shows it occupying more than 4 gigabytes, though I used to uninstall it. So I click "Remove", it shows all those many screens and validations, shows that removal completed, but the size of Program Files folder is still more than 4 GB. I removed (from "Add\remove programs" everything that had "SQL Server" in it's name, but that main "SQL Server 2008" item is still there and still 4 GB and uninstalling does nothing. Because installation of SQL Server did not show existing instances, and I don't see any running services related to SQL server (well, almost any, more details in the end), I though that this folder contains just some leftover staff and data and deleted it manually. Then agreed to removing of the item in "Add/remove programs" and everything looks clean. Now every time I try to install SQL Server (even in the minimum configuration), I receive the following error: SQL Server Setup has encountered the following error: The specified credentials that were provided for the SQL Server service are not valid. To continue, provide a valid account and password for the SQL Server service. Error code 0x84B40000. What is this service mentioned here? This error looks like I'm trying to add features to existing server and it can't login. But the setup didn't ask me for any credentials, except one username that couldn't be changed. Here are the services shown that can be related, both disabled and pointing to non-existing executables: SQL Active Directory Helper Service SQL Full-text Filter Daemon Launcher (MSSQLSERVER) I understand that this must be because of my manual deletion, but is there a way to clean it up now?

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• LINQ-to-SQL IN/Contains() for Nullable<T>

  - by Craig Walker

  I want to generate this SQL statement in LINQ: select * from Foo where Value in ( 1, 2, 3 ) The tricky bit seems to be that Value is a column that allows nulls. The equivalent LINQ code would seem to be: IEnumerable<Foo> foos = MyDataContext.Foos; IEnumerable<int> values = GetMyValues(); var myFoos = from foo in foos where values.Contains(foo.Value) select foo; This, of course, doesn't compile, since foo.Value is an int? and values is typed to int. I've tried this: IEnumerable<Foo> foos = MyDataContext.Foos; IEnumerable<int> values = GetMyValues(); IEnumerable<int?> nullables = values.Select( value => new Nullable<int>(value)); var myFoos = from foo in foos where nullables.Contains(foo.Value) select foo; ...and this: IEnumerable<Foo> foos = MyDataContext.Foos; IEnumerable<int> values = GetMyValues(); var myFoos = from foo in foos where values.Contains(foo.Value.Value) select foo; Both of these versions give me the results I expect, but they do not generate the SQL I want. It appears that they're generating full-table results and then doing the Contains() filtering in-memory (ie: in plain LINQ, without -to-SQL); there's no IN clause in the DataContext log. Is there a way to generate a SQL IN for Nullable types?

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• SQL Server 2008 - Editing Tables: Bit columns require 'True' or 'False'

  - by CJM

  Not so much a question as an observation... I'm just upgrading to SQL Server 2008 on my development machine in anticipation of upgrading my live applications. I didn't anticipate any problems since [I think] I generally use standard T-SQL, and probably not too far from ANSI standard SQL. So far so good, but I was really thrown by a very simple change: I was creating a simple, small look-up table to store a list of codes and including a bit column to indicate the current default code. But when I used the new/modified 'Edit Top 200 Rows' option, and entered my 0s and 1s in the the bit column I got an error: 'Invalid value for cell - String was not recognised as a valid boolean' After a bit of head-scratching, I tried True and False - and they worked. So it seems this new Edit feature requires 4 or 5 characters to be typed, rather than the previous 1. Checking further, we can still use '...where bitval = 1' but can now also use '...where bitval = 'true''. But any results returned render these bit columns as 0 or 1 still. It all sounds like half a step backwards. Not the end of the world, but and unnecessary annoyance. Does anybody have any insight on this issue? Or there any other new Gotchas with SQL Server 2008?

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• SQL Developer: Describe versus Ctrl+Click to Open Database Objects

  - by thatjeffsmith

  In yesterday’s post I talked about you could use SQL Developer’s Describe (SHIFT+F4) to open a PL/SQL Package at your cursor. You might get an error if you try to describe this… If you actually try to describe the package as you see it in the above screenshot, you’ll get an error: Doh! I neglected to say in yesterday’s post that I was highlighting the package name before I hit SHIFT+F4. This works just fine, but it will work even better in our next release as we’ve fixed this issue. Until then, you can also try the Ctrl+Hover with your mouse. For PL/SQL calls you can open the source immediately based on what you’re hovering over with your mouse cursor. You could try this with “dbms_output.put_line(” too Ctrl+Click, It’s not just for PL/SQL If you don’t like the floating describe windows you get when you do a SHIFT+F4 on a database object, the ctrl+click will work too. Instead of opening a normal ‘hover’ panel, you’ll be taken directly to the object editor for that table, view, etc. Go ahead and try it right now. Paste this into your worksheet, then ctrl+click with your mouse over the table name: select * from scott.emp And now you know, the rest of the story.

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• Change Data Capture

  - by Ricardo Peres

  There's an hidden gem in SQL Server 2008: Change Data Capture (CDC). Using CDC we get full audit capabilities with absolutely no implementation code: we can see all changes made to a specific table, including the old and new values! You can only use CDC in SQL Server 2008 Standard or Enterprise, Express edition is not supported. Here are the steps you need to take, just remember SQL Agent must be running: use SomeDatabase; -- first create a table CREATE TABLE Author ( ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1, 1), Name NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, EMail NVARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, Birthday DATE NOT NULL ) -- enable CDC at the DB level EXEC sys.sp_cdc_enable_db -- check CDC is enabled for the current DB SELECT name, is_cdc_enabled FROM sys.databases WHERE name = 'SomeDatabase' -- enable CDC for table Author, all columns exec sys.sp_cdc_enable_table @source_schema = 'dbo', @source_name = 'Author', @role_name = null -- insert values into table Author insert into Author (Name, EMail, Birthday, Username) values ('Bla', 'bla@bla', 1990-10-10, 'bla') -- check CDC data for table Author -- __$operation: 1 = DELETE, 2 = INSERT, 3 = BEFORE UPDATE 4 = AFTER UPDATE -- __$start_lsn: operation timestamp select * from cdc.dbo_author_CT -- update table Author update Author set EMail = '[email protected]' where Name = 'Bla' -- check CDC data for table Author select * from cdc.dbo_author_CT -- delete from table Author delete from Author -- check CDC data for table Author select * from cdc.dbo_author_CT -- disable CDC for table Author -- this removes all CDC data, so be carefull exec sys.sp_cdc_disable_table @source_schema = 'dbo', @source_name = 'Author', @capture_instance = 'dbo_Author' -- disable CDC for the entire DB -- this removes all CDC data, so be carefull exec sys.sp_cdc_disable_db SyntaxHighlighter.config.clipboardSwf = 'http://alexgorbatchev.com/pub/sh/2.0.320/scripts/clipboard.swf'; SyntaxHighlighter.all();

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• Referencing SQL Server 2008 R2 SMO from Visual Studio 2010

  - by user69508

  Hello. We read a number of things about referencing SQL Server SMO from Visual Studio but still don't have the definite answers we need. So, here it goes... A number of years ago we created a C# application using Visual Studio 2005 and SQL Server 2005. In that application, we added .NET references to a number of SQL Server SMO objects, and everything worked fine. Those references were: Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo GAC 9.0.242.0 Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo GAC 9.0.242.0 Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum GAC 9.0.242.0 We have now migrated to Visual Studio 2010 and SQL Server 2008 R2. However, when we try to reference those same SMO objects for SQL Server 2008 R2, they don't appear in the .NET references tab. We're wanting to reference the SQL Server 2008 R2 version of those same SMO assemblies for our upgraded C# application. On our development machines, we have SQL Server 2008 R2 Developer installed with all options, including the SDK such that the assemblies are found in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\SDK\Assemblies. So, my first questions are: Are we supposed to do file references to the SMO assemblies instead of .NET references in Visual Studio 2010 w/ SQL Server 2008 R2? Or, is there some problem with our development machines such that the SMO assemblies are not appearing in the .NET references tab? Next, our production machines will have SQL Server 2008 R2 Workgroup installed with the client tools option selected, thus providing those same SMO assemblies in C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\SDK\Assemblies. So, the next questions are: When we release to production, are we supposed to redistribute the SMO assemblies with our application? Or, will our application work on the production servers without redistributing the SMO assemblies (since the client tools/SMO assemblies have been installed)? What else????? Thanks for the help!

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• sql 2008 sqldmo alternative

  - by alexdelpiero

  Hi! I previously was using sqldmo to automatically generate scripts from the databse. Now I upgraded to sql server 2008 and I don’t want to use this feature anymore since Microsoft will be dropping this feature off. Is there any other alternative I can use to connect to a server and generate scripts automatically from a database? Any answer is welcome. Thanks in advance. This is the procedure i was previously using: CREATE PROC GenerateSP ( @server varchar(30) = null, @uname varchar(30) = null, @pwd varchar(30) = null, @dbname varchar(30) = null, @filename varchar(200) = 'c:\script.sql' ) AS DECLARE @object int DECLARE @hr int DECLARE @return varchar(200) DECLARE @exec_str varchar(2000) DECLARE @spname sysname SET NOCOUNT ON -- Sets the server to the local server IF @server is NULL SELECT @server = @@servername -- Sets the database to the current database IF @dbname is NULL SELECT @dbname = db_name() -- Sets the username to the current user name IF @uname is NULL SELECT @uname = SYSTEM_USER -- Create an object that points to the SQL Server EXEC @hr = sp_OACreate 'SQLDMO.SQLServer', @object OUT IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error create SQLOLE.SQLServer' RETURN END -- Connect to the SQL Server IF @pwd is NULL BEGIN EXEC @hr = sp_OAMethod @object, 'Connect', NULL, @server, @uname IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error Connect' RETURN END END ELSE BEGIN EXEC @hr = sp_OAMethod @object, 'Connect', NULL, @server, @uname, @pwd IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error Connect' RETURN END END --Verify the connection EXEC @hr = sp_OAMethod @object, 'VerifyConnection', @return OUT IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error VerifyConnection' RETURN END SET @exec_str = 'DECLARE script_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT name FROM ' + @dbname + '..sysobjects WHERE type = ''P'' ORDER BY Name' EXEC (@exec_str) OPEN script_cursor FETCH NEXT FROM script_cursor INTO @spname WHILE (@@fetch_status < -1) BEGIN SET @exec_str = 'Databases("'+ @dbname +'").StoredProcedures("'+RTRIM(UPPER(@spname))+'").Script(74077,"'+ @filename +'")' EXEC @hr = sp_OAMethod @object, @exec_str, @return OUT IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error Script' RETURN END FETCH NEXT FROM script_cursor INTO @spname END CLOSE script_cursor DEALLOCATE script_cursor -- Destroy the object EXEC @hr = sp_OADestroy @object IF @hr < 0 BEGIN PRINT 'error destroy object' RETURN END GO

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• Back up a single table in SQL Server

  - by BuckWoody

  SQL Server doesn’t have an easy way to take a table backup, so I often use the bcp (Bulk Copy Program) to accomplish the same goal. I’ve mentioned this before, and someone told me when they tried it they couldn’t restore the table – ah the dangers of telling people half the information! I should have mentioned that you need to have a “format file” ready if the table does not exist at the destination. In my case I already had the table, in this person’s case they did not. The format file can be used to rebuild that table structure before the data is bcp’d in, and you can read more about it here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191516.aspx There’s another way to back up a table, and that’s to create a Filegroup and place the table there. Then you can take a Filegroup backup to back up a single table. Of course, there are other methods of moving a single table’s data in an out, including SQL Server Integration Services and even the older Data Transformation Services, or simply by using hte SQLCMD or PowerShell utilities to run a query and just save the output to a file. In fact, these days I’m using a PowerShell script to build INSERT statements from that query. That could also easily be modified to create the table structure (or modify one if needed) quite easily. Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Linq to SQL with INSTEAD OF Trigger and an Identity Column

  - by Bob Horn

  I need to use the clock on my SQL Server to write a time to one of my tables, so I thought I'd just use GETDATE(). The problem is that I'm getting an error because of my INSTEAD OF trigger. Is there a way to set one column to GETDATE() when another column is an identity column? This is the Linq-to-SQL: internal void LogProcessPoint(WorkflowCreated workflowCreated, int processCode) { ProcessLoggingRecord processLoggingRecord = new ProcessLoggingRecord() { ProcessCode = processCode, SubId = workflowCreated.SubId, EventTime = DateTime.Now // I don't care what this is. SQL Server will use GETDATE() instead. }; this.Database.Add<ProcessLoggingRecord>(processLoggingRecord); } This is the table. EventTime is what I want to have as GETDATE(). I don't want the column to be null. And here is the trigger: ALTER TRIGGER [Master].[ProcessLoggingEventTimeTrigger] ON [Master].[ProcessLogging] INSTEAD OF INSERT AS BEGIN SET NOCOUNT ON; SET IDENTITY_INSERT [Master].[ProcessLogging] ON; INSERT INTO ProcessLogging (ProcessLoggingId, ProcessCode, SubId, EventTime, LastModifiedUser) SELECT ProcessLoggingId, ProcessCode, SubId, GETDATE(), LastModifiedUser FROM inserted SET IDENTITY_INSERT [Master].[ProcessLogging] OFF; END Without getting into all of the variations I've tried, this last attempt produces this error: InvalidOperationException Member AutoSync failure. For members to be AutoSynced after insert, the type must either have an auto-generated identity, or a key that is not modified by the database after insert. I could remove EventTime from my entity, but I don't want to do that. If it was gone though, then it would be NULL during the INSERT and GETDATE() would be used. Is there a way that I can simply use GETDATE() on the EventTime column for INSERTs? Note: I do not want to use C#'s DateTime.Now for two reasons: 1. One of these inserts is generated by SQL Server itself (from another stored procedure) 2. Times can be different on different machines, and I'd like to know exactly how fast my processes are happening.

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• MS SQL datetime precision problem

  - by Nailuj

  I have a situation where two persons might work on the same order (stored in an MS SQL database) from two different computers. To prevent data loss in the case where one would save his copy of the order first, and then a little later the second would save his copy and overwrite the first, I've added a check against the lastSaved field (datetime) before saving. The code looks roughly like this: private bool orderIsChangedByOtherUser(Order localOrderCopy) { // Look up fresh version of the order from the DB Order databaseOrder = orderService.GetByOrderId(localOrderCopy.Id); if (databaseOrder != null && databaseOrder.LastSaved > localOrderCopy.LastSaved) { return true; } else { return false; } } This works for most of the time, but I have found one small bug. If orderIsChangedByOtherUser returns false, the local copy will have its lastSaved updated to the current time and then be persisted to the database. The value of lastSaved in the local copy and the DB should now be the same. However, if orderIsChangedByOtherUser is run again, it sometimes returns true even though no other user has made changes to the DB. When debugging in Visual Studio, databaseOrder.LastSaved and localOrderCopy.LastSaved appear to have the same value, but when looking closer they some times differ by a few milliseconds. I found this article with a short notice on the millisecond precision for datetime in SQL: Another problem is that SQL Server stores DATETIME with a precision of 3.33 milliseconds (0. 00333 seconds). The solution I could think of for this problem, is to compare the two datetimes and consider them equal if they differ by less than say 10 milliseconds. My question to you is then: are there any better/safer ways to compare two datetime values in MS SQL to see if they are exactly the same?

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• Instead of trigger in SQL Server - looses SCOPE_IDENTITY?

  - by kastermester

  Hey StackOverflow, I am (once again) having some issues with some SQL. I have a table, on which I have created an INSTEAD OF trigger to enforce some buissness rules (rules not really important). This works as intended. My issue is, that now when inserting data into this table, SCOPE_IDENTITY() now returns a NULL value, rather than the actual inserted identity, my guess is that this is because it is now out of scope - but then how do I get this in scope? I am using SQL Server 2008. Per request, here's the SQL: Insert + Scope code INSERT INTO [dbo].[Payment]([DateFrom], [DateTo], [CustomerId], [AdminId]) VALUES ('2009-01-20', '2009-01-31', 6, 1) SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() Trigger: CREATE TRIGGER [dbo].[TR_Payments_Insert] ON [dbo].[Payment] INSTEAD OF INSERT AS BEGIN -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from -- interfering with SELECT statements. SET NOCOUNT ON; IF NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM dbo.Payment p INNER JOIN Inserted i ON p.CustomerId = i.CustomerId WHERE (i.DateFrom >= p.DateFrom AND i.DateFrom <= p.DateTo) OR (i.DateTo >= p.DateFrom AND i.DateTo <= p.DateTo) ) AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM Inserted p INNER JOIN Inserted i ON p.CustomerId = i.CustomerId WHERE (i.DateFrom <> p.DateFrom AND i.DateTo <> p.DateTo) AND ((i.DateFrom >= p.DateFrom AND i.DateFrom <= p.DateTo) OR (i.DateTo >= p.DateFrom AND i.DateTo <= p.DateTo)) ) BEGIN INSERT INTO dbo.Payment (DateFrom, DateTo, CustomerId, AdminId) SELECT DateFrom, DateTo, CustomerId, AdminId FROM Inserted END ELSE BEGIN ROLLBACK TRANSACTION END END The code did work before the creation of this trigger, also I am using LINQ to SQL in C# and as far as I can see, I have no way of changing SCOPE_IDENTITY to @@IDENITY - is there really no way out of this one?

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