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• Cannot ping host stale ARP cache?

  - by gkchicago

  I am having a strange issue with a Debian (Lenny/Linux 2.6.26-2-amd64) that has been driving me nuts. On some machines within my network I can ping the host in question just fine, other times I have to manually hard-code the ARP ethernet address for the IP in order to establish connectivity. I've finally worked it down to somehow involving ARP. I just found how to fix it in a way that made it work but I'm looking for help explaining this issue and also I don't trust my fix to be permanent.. My thought process has been the following but I just can't make any sense out of it: Could it be the card? (Intel 82555 rev 4) Could it be because there are two network cards? (Default route is eth0) Could it be because of the network aliases? Lenny? AMD x86_64? Argh.. Thank you for any insight you might have // Ping doesn't go thru [gordon@ubuntu ~]$ ping 192.168.135.101 PING 192.168.135.101 (192.168.135.101) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.135.101 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3014ms // Here's the ARP Table, sometimes the .151 address is good, sometimes it // also matches the Gateways MAC like .101 is doing right here. [gordon@ubuntu ~]$ cat /proc/net/arp IP address HW type Flags HW address Mask Device 192.168.135.15 0x1 0x2 00:0B:DB:2B:24:89 * eth0 192.168.135.151 0x1 0x2 00:0B:6A:3A:30:A6 * eth0 192.168.135.1 0x1 0x2 00:1A:A2:2D:2A:04 * eth0 192.168.135.101 0x1 0x2 00:1A:A2:2D:2A:04 * eth0 // Drop the bad arp table listing and set it manually based on /sbin/ifconfig [gordon@ubuntu ~]$ sudo arp -d 192.168.135.101 [gordon@ubuntu ~]$ sudo arp -s 192.168.135.101 00:0B:6A:3A:30:A6 // Ping starts going thru..?!? [gordon@ubuntu ~]$ ping 192.168.135.101 PING 192.168.135.101 (192.168.135.101) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.135.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=15.8 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.135.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=15.9 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.135.101: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=16.0 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.135.101: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=15.9 ms --- 192.168.135.101 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3012ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 15.836/15.943/16.064/0.121 ms The following is my network config on this. gordon@db01:~$ /sbin/ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0b:6a:3a:30:a6 inet addr:192.168.135.151 Bcast:192.168.135.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20b:6aff:fe3a:30a6/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:15476725 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:10030036 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:18565307359 (17.2 GiB) TX bytes:3412098075 (3.1 GiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0b:6a:3a:30:a6 inet addr:192.168.135.150 Bcast:192.168.135.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0b:6a:3a:30:a6 inet addr:192.168.135.101 Bcast:192.168.135.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:e0:81:2a:6e:d0 inet addr:10.10.62.1 Bcast:10.10.62.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:81ff:fe2a:6ed0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:10233315 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19400286 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1112500658 (1.0 GiB) TX bytes:27952809020 (26.0 GiB) Interrupt:24 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:387 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:387 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:41314 (40.3 KiB) TX bytes:41314 (40.3 KiB) gordon@db01:~$ sudo mii-tool -v eth0 eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok product info: Intel 82555 rev 4 basic mode: autonegotiation enabled basic status: autonegotiation complete, link ok capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD flow-control link partner: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD gordon@db01:~$ sudo route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface localnet * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.10.62.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 default 192.168.135.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0

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• Linux not buffering block I/O when the device is not "in use" (i.e. mounted)

  - by Radek Hladík

  I am installing new server and I've found an interesting issue. The server is running Fedora 19 (3.11.7-200.fc19.x86_64 kernel) and is supposed to host a few KVM/Qemu virtual servers (mail server, file server, etc..). The HW is Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5160 @ 3.00GHz with 16GB RAM. One of the most important features will be Samba server and we have decided to make it as virtual machine with almost direct access to the disks. So the real HDD is cached on SSD (via bcache) then raided with md and the final device is exported into the virtual machine via virtio. The virtual machine is again Fedora 19 with the same kernel. One important topic to find out is whether the virtualization layer will not introduce high overload into disk I/Os. So far I've been able to get up to 180MB/s in VM and up to 220MB/s on real HW (on the SSD disk). I am still not sure why the overhead is so big but it is more than the network can handle so I do not care so much. The interesting thing is that I've found that the disk reads are not buffered in the VM unless I create and mount FS on the disk or I use the disks somehow. Simply put: Lets do dd to read disk for the first time (the /dev/vdd is an old Raptor disk 70MB/s is its real speed): [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 36.8038 s, 71.2 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Rereading the data shows that they are cached somewhere but not in buffers of the VM. Also the speed increased to "only" 500MB/s. The VM has 4GB of RAM (more that the test file) [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.16016 s, 508 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.05727 s, 518 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Now lets mount the FS on /dev/vdd and try the dd again: [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vdd /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 4.68578 s, 559 MB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 1.50504 s, 1.7 GB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB While the first read was the same, all 2.6GB got buffered and the next read was at 1.7GB/s. And when I unmount the device: [root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers Buffers: 14452 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.10499 s, 514 MB/s Buffers: 14468 kB The bcache was disabled while testing and the results are same on faster (newer) HDDs and on SSD (except for the initial read speed of course). To sum it up. When I read from the device via dd first time, it gets read from the disk. Next time I reread it gets cached in the host but not in the guest (thats actually the same issue, more on that later). When I mount the filesystem but try to read the device directly it gets cached in VM (via buffers). As soon as I stop "using" it, buffers are discarded and the device is not cached anymore in the VM. When I looked into buffers value on the host I realized that the situation is the same. The block I/O gets buffered only when the disk is in use, in this case it means "exported to a VM". On host, after all the measurement done: 3165552 buffers On the host, after the VM shutdown: 119176 buffers I know it is not important as the disks will be mounted all the time but I am curious and I would like to know why it is working like this.

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• What's new in Solaris 11.1?

  - by Karoly Vegh

  Solaris 11.1 is released. This is the first release update since Solaris 11 11/11, the versioning has been changed from MM/YY style to 11.1 highlighting that this is Solaris 11 Update 1.  Solaris 11 itself has been great. What's new in Solaris 11.1? Allow me to pick some new features from the What's New PDF that can be found in the official Oracle Solaris 11.1 Documentation. The updates are very numerous, I really can't include all.  I. New AI Automated Installer RBAC profiles have been introduced to enable delegation of installation tasks. II. The interactive installer now supports installing the OS to iSCSI targets. III. ASR (Auto Service Request) and OCM (Oracle Configuration Manager) have been enabled by default to proactively provide support information and create service requests to speed up support processes. This is optional and can be disabled but helps a lot in supportcases. For further information, see: http://oracle.com/goto/solarisautoreg IV. The new command svcbundle helps you to create SMF manifests without having to struggle with XML editing. (btw, do you know the interactive editprop subcommand in svccfg? The listprop/setprop subcommands are great for scripting and automating, but for an interactive property editing session try, for example, this: svccfg -s svc:/application/pkg/system-repository:default editprop )  V. pfedit: Ever wondered how to delegate editing permissions to certain files? It is well known "sudo /usr/bin/vi /etc/hosts" is not the right way, for sudo elevates the complete vi process to admin levels, and the user can "break" out of the session as root with simply starting a shell from that vi. Now, the new pfedit command provides a solution exactly to this challenge - an auditable, secure, per-user configurable editing possibility. See the pfedit man page for examples.   VI. rsyslog, the popular logging daemon (filters, SSL, formattable output, SQL collect...) has been included in Solaris 11.1 as an alternative to syslog.  VII: Zones: Solaris Zones - as a major Solaris differentiator - got lots of love in terms of new features: ZOSS - Zones on Shared Storage: Placing your zones to shared storage (FC, iSCSI) has never been this easy - via zonecfg.  parallell updates - with S11's bootenvironments updating zones was no problem and meant no downtime anyway, but still, now you can update them parallelly, a way faster update action if you are running a large number of zones. This is like parallell patching in Solaris 10, but with all the IPS/ZFS/S11 goodness.  per-zone fstype statistics: Running zones on a shared filesystems complicate the I/O debugging, since ZFS collects all the random writes and delivers them sequentially to boost performance. Now, over kstat you can find out which zone's I/O has an impact on the other ones, see the examples in the documentation: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26502_01/html/E29024/gmheh.html#scrolltoc Zones got RDSv3 protocol support for InfiniBand, and IPoIB support with Crossbow's anet (automatic vnic creation) feature.  NUMA I/O support for Zones: customers can now determine the NUMA I/O topology of the system from within zones.  VIII: Security got a lot of attention too:  Automated security/audit reporting, with builtin reporting templates e.g. for PCI (payment card industry) audits.  PAM is now configureable on a per-user basis instead of system wide, allowing different authentication requirements for different users  SSH in Solaris 11.1 now supports running in FIPS 140-2 mode, that is, in a U.S. government security accredited fashion.  SHA512/224 and SHA512/256 cryptographic hash functions are implemented in a FIPS-compliant way - and on a T4 implemented in silicon! That is, goverment-approved cryptography at HW-speed.  Generally, Solaris is currently under evaluation to be both FIPS and Common Criteria certified.  IX. Networking, as one of the core strengths of Solaris 11, has been extended with:  Data Center Bridging (DCB) - not only setups where network and storage share the same fabric (FCoE, anyone?) can have Quality-of-Service requirements. DCB enables peers to distinguish traffic based on priorities. Your NICs have to support DCB, see the documentation, and additional information on Wikipedia. DataLink MultiPathing, DLMP, enables link aggregation to span across multiple switches, even between those of different vendors. But there are essential differences to the good old bandwidth-aggregating LACP, see the documentation: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26502_01/html/E28993/gmdlu.html#scrolltoc VNIC live migration is now supported from one physical NIC to another on-the-fly  X. Data management:  FedFS, (Federated FileSystem) is new, it relies on Solaris 11's NFS referring mechanism to join separate shares of different NFS servers into a single filesystem namespace. The referring system has been there since S11 11/11, in Solaris 11.1 FedFS uses a LDAP - as the one global nameservice to bind them all.  The iSCSI initiator now uses the T4 CPU's HW-implemented CRC32 algorithm - thus improving iSCSI throughput while reducing CPU utilization on a T4 Storage locking improvements are now RAC aware, speeding up throughput with better locking-communication between nodes up to 20%!  XI: Kernel performance optimizations: The new Virtual Memory subsystem ("VM2") scales now to 100+ TB Memory ranges.  The memory predictor monitors large memory page usage, and adjust memory page sizes to applications' needs OSM, the Optimized Shared Memory allows Oracle DBs' SGA to be resized online XII: The Power Aware Dispatcher in now by default enabled, reducing power consumption of idle CPUs. Also, the LDoms' Power Management policies and the poweradm settings in Solaris 11 OS will cooperate. XIII: x86 boot: upgrade to the (Grand Unified Bootloader) GRUB2. Because grub2 differs in the configuration syntactically from grub1, one shall not edit the new grub configuration (grub.cfg) but use the new bootadm features to update it. GRUB2 adds UEFI support and also support for disks over 2TB. XIV: Improved viewing of per-CPU statistics of mpstat. This one might seem of less importance at first, but nowadays having better sorting/filtering possibilities on a periodically updated mpstat output of 256+ vCPUs can be a blessing. XV: Support for Solaris Cluster 4.1: The What's New document doesn't actually mention this one, since OSC 4.1 has not been released at the time 11.1 was. But since then it is available, and it requires Solaris 11.1. And it's only a "pkg update" away. ...aand I seriously need to stop here. There's a lot I missed, Edge Virtual Bridging, lofi tuning, ZFS sharing and crypto enhancements, USB3.0, pulseaudio, trusted extensions updates, etc - but if I mention all those then I effectively copy the What's New document. Which I recommend reading now anyway, it is a great extract of the 300+ new projects and RFE-followups in S11.1. And this blogpost is a summary of that extract.  For closing words, allow me to come back to Request For Enhancements, RFEs. Any customer can request features. Open up a Support Request, explain that this is an RFE, describe the feature you/your company desires to have in S11 implemented. The more SRs are collected for an RFE, the more chance it's got to get implemented. Feel free to provide feedback about the product, as well as about the Solaris 11.1 Documentation using the "Feedback" button there. Both the Solaris engineers and the documentation writers are eager to hear your input.Feel free to comment about this post too. Except that it's too long ;)  wbr,charlie

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• 10 tape technology features that make you go hmm.

  - by Karoly Vegh

  A week ago an Oracle/StorageTek Tape Specialist, Christian Vanden Balck, visited Vienna, and agreed to visit customers to do techtalks and update them about the technology boom going around tape. I had the privilege to attend some of his sessions and noted the information and features that took the customers by surprise and made them think. Allow me to share the top 10: I. StorageTek as a brand: StorageTek is one of he strongest names in the Tape field. The brand itself was valued so much by customers that even after Sun Microsystems acquiring StorageTek and the Oracle acquiring Sun the brand lives on with all the Oracle tapelibraries are officially branded StorageTek.See http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/tape-storage/overview/index.html II. Disk information density limitations: Disk technology struggles with information density. You haven't seen the disk sizes exploding lately, have you? That's partly because there are physical limits on a disk platter. The size is given, the number of platters is limited, they just can't grow, and are running out of physical area to write to. Now, in a T10000C tape cartridge we have over 1000m long tape. There you go, you have got your physical space and don't need to stuff all that data crammed together. You can write in a reliable pattern, and have space to grow too. III. Oracle has a market share of 62% worldwide in recording head manufacturing. That's right. If you are running LTO drives, with a good chance you rely on StorageTek production. That's two out of three LTO recording heads produced worldwide.  IV. You can store 1 Exabyte data in a single tape library. Yes, an Exabyte. That is 1000 Petabytes. Or, a million Terabytes. A thousand million GigaBytes. You can store that in a stacked StorageTek SL8500 tapelibrary. In one SL8500 you can put 10.000 T10000C cartridges, that store 10TB data (compressed). You can stack 10 of these SL8500s together. Boom. 1000.000 TB.(n.b.: stacking means interconnecting the libraries. Yes, cartridges are moved between the stacked libraries automatically.)  V. EMC: 'Tape doesn't suck after all. We moved on.': Do you remember the infamous 'Tape sucks, move on' Datadomain slogan? Of course they had to put it that way, having only had disk products. But here's a fun fact: on the EMCWorld 2012 there was a major presence of a Tape-tech company - EMC, in a sudden burst of sanity is embracing tape again. VI. The miraculous T10000C: Oracle StorageTek has developed an enterprise-grade tapedrive and cartridge, the T10000C. With awesome numbers: The Cartridge: Native 5TB capacity, 10TB with compression Over a kilometer long tape within the cartridge. And it's locked when unmounted, no rattling of your data.  Replaced the metalparticles datalayer with BaFe (bariumferrite) - metalparticles lose around 7% of magnetism within 30 days. BaFe does not. Yes we employ solid-state physicists doing R&D on demagnetisation in our labs. Can be partitioned, storage tiering within the cartridge!  The Drive: 2GB Cache Encryption implemented in HW - no performance hit 252 MB/s native sustained data rate, beats disk technology by far. Not to mention peak throughput.  Leading the tape while never touching the data side of it, protecting your data physically too Data integritiy checking (CRC recalculation) on tape within the drive without having to read it back to the server reordering data from tape-order, delivering it back in application-order  writing 32 tracks at once, reading them back for CRC check at once VII. You only use 20% of your data on a regular basis. The rest 80% is just lying around for years. On continuously spinning disks. Doubly consuming energy (power+cooling), blocking diskstorage capacity. There is a solution called SAM (Storage Archive Manager) that provides you a filesystem unifying disk and tape, moving data on-demand and for clients transparently between the different storage tiers. You can share these filesystems with NFS or CIFS for clients, and enjoy the low TCO of tape. Tapes don't spin. They sit quietly in their slots, storing 10TB data, using no energy, producing no heat, automounted when a client accesses their data.See: http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/storage-software/storage-archive-manager/overview/index.html VIII. HW supported for three decades: Did you know that the original PowderHorn library was released in '87 and has been only discontinued in 2010? That is over two decades of supported operation. Tape libraries are - just like the data carrying on tapecartridges - built for longevity. Oh, and the T10000C cartridge has 30-year archival life for long-term retention.  IX. Tape is easy to manage: Have you heard of Tape Storage Analytics? It is a central graphical tool to summarize, monitor, analyze dataflow, health and performance of drives and libraries, see: http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/tape-storage/tape-analytics/overview/index.html X. The next generation: The T10000B drives were able to reuse the T10000A cartridges and write on them even more data. On the same cartridges. We call this investment protection, and this is very important for Oracle for the future too. We usually support two generations of cartridges together. The current drive is a T10000C. (...I know I promised to enlist 10, but I got still two more I really want to mention. Allow me to work around the problem: ) X++. The TallBots, the robots moving around the cartridges in the StorageTek library from tapeslots to the drives are cableless. Cables, belts, chains running to moving parts in a library cause maintenance downtimes. So StorageTek eliminated them. The TallBots get power, commands, even firmwareupgrades through the rails they are running on. Also, the TallBots don't just hook'n'pull the tapes out of their slots, they actually grip'n'lift them out. No friction, no scratches, no zillion little plastic particles floating around in the library, in the drives, on your data. (X++)++: Tape beats SSDs and Disks. In terms of throughput (252 MB/s), in terms of TCO: disks cause around 290x more power and cooling, in terms of capacity: 10TB on a single media and soon more.  So... do you need to store large amounts of data? Are you legally bound to archive it for dozens of years? Would you benefit from automatic storage tiering? Have you got large mediachunks to be streamed at times? Have you got power and cooling issues in the growing datacenters? Do you find EMC's 180° turn of tape attitude interesting, but appreciate it at the same time? With all that, you aren't alone. The most data on this planet is stored on tape. Tape is coming. Big time.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 wireless (wifi) not working, can not upgrade to 12.10, touchpad gestures not working. What to do?

  - by Ritwik

  I installed ubuntu 12.04 LTS 3 days ago and since then wireless feature and touchpad gestures are not working. Tried everything on internet but still unsuccessful. I cant upgrade to ubuntu 12.10. These are the following comments I tried. Please help me. EDIT: just realized usb 3.0 is also not working. COMMAND lsb_release -r OUTPUT ----------------------------------------------------------------- Release: 12.04 ----------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lspci OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06) 00:01.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x8 Controller (rev 06) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev d5) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM86 Express LPC Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05) 07:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF117M [GeForce 610M/710M / GT 620M/625M/630M/720M] (rev a1) 08:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller (rev 07) 09:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTS5229 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01) 0f:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) ------------------------------------------------------------------ COMMAND sudo apt-get install linux-backports-modules-wireless-lucid-generic OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Unable to locate package linux-backports-modules-wireless-lucid-generic ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND cat /etc/lsb-release; uname -a OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS" Linux ritwik-PC 3.2.0-67-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 17:46:11 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lspci -nnk | grep -iA2 net OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- 08:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 07) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:225d] Kernel driver in use: r8169 -- 0f:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9565 / AR9565 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0036] (rev 01) Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:217f] ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lsusb OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp. Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND iwconfig OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND rfkill list all OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- 0: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: hp-bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND lsmod OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Module Size Used by snd_hda_codec_realtek 224215 1 bnep 18281 2 rfcomm 47604 0 bluetooth 180113 10 bnep,rfcomm parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 nls_iso8859_1 12713 1 nls_cp437 16991 1 vfat 17585 1 fat 61512 1 vfat snd_hda_intel 33719 3 snd_hda_codec 127706 2 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 17764 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97275 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61929 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event nouveau 775039 0 joydev 17693 0 snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq ttm 76949 1 nouveau uvcvideo 72627 0 snd 79041 15 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo drm_kms_helper 46978 1 nouveau psmouse 98051 0 drm 241971 3 nouveau,ttm,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 nouveau soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev hp_wmi 18092 0 serio_raw 13211 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 hp_wmi mxm_wmi 13021 1 nouveau video 19651 1 nouveau wmi 19256 2 hp_wmi,mxm_wmi mac_hid 13253 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp r8169 62190 0 ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo su modprobe -v ath9k OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/net/wireless/cfg80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_hw.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k_common.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/net/mac80211/mac80211.ko insmod /lib/modules/3.2.0-67-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/ath9k.ko ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND do-release-upgrade OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Err Upgrade tool signature 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80] Err Upgrade tool 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80] Fetched 0 B in 0s (0 B/s) WARNING:root:file 'quantal.tar.gz.gpg' missing Failed to fetch Fetching the upgrade failed. There may be a network problem. ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo modprobe ath9k dmesg | grep ath9k NO OUTPUT FOR THEM COMMAND dmesg | grep -e ath -e 80211 OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- [ 13.232372] type=1400 audit(1408867538.399:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=975 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 13.232615] type=1400 audit(1408867538.399:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=975 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 15.186599] ath3k: probe of 3-4:1.0 failed with error -110 [ 15.186635] usbcore: registered new interface driver ath3k [ 88.219329] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 88.351665] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 88.351667] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 88.351670] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351671] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351673] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351674] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 88.351675] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) ------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMAND sudo apt-get install touchpad-indicator OUTPUT ------------------------------------------------------------------- Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: gir1.2-gconf-2.0 python-pyudev Suggested packages: python-qt4 python-pyside.qtcore The following NEW packages will be installed: gir1.2-gconf-2.0 python-pyudev touchpad-indicator 0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 84.1 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,136 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Get:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/atareao/ubuntu/ precise/main touchpad-indicator all 0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1 [46.5 kB] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main gir1.2-gconf-2.0 amd64 3.2.5-0ubuntu2 [7,098 B] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main python-pyudev all 0.13-1 [30.5 kB] Fetched 84.1 kB in 2s (31.6 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package gir1.2-gconf-2.0. (Reading database ... 169322 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gir1.2-gconf-2.0 (from .../gir1.2-gconf-2.0_3.2.5-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package python-pyudev. Unpacking python-pyudev (from .../python-pyudev_0.13-1_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package touchpad-indicator. Unpacking touchpad-indicator (from .../touchpad-indicator_0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme ... Processing triggers for software-center ... INFO:softwarecenter.db.update:no translation information in database needed Setting up gir1.2-gconf-2.0 (3.2.5-0ubuntu2) ... Setting up python-pyudev (0.13-1) ... Setting up touchpad-indicator (0.9.3.12-1ubuntu1) ... ------------------------------------------------------------------- Not able to find ( drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hw.c ) or ( drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath9k/hw.h )

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• Wireless not working on XP (with Intel® PRO/Wireless 2200BG Network Connection card and Zyxel router

  - by JohnIdol

  Hi all, I just got a new router, cant' get my old xp laptop (Toshiba Satellite) to connect to it, no matter if it's WPA-PSK or WEP (I was kind of thinking with WEP it would've worked but it doesn't). When I go connect and put in credentials the dialog stays up for a few minutes then disappears with no message and no connection is established. Here's the spec of router and wireless card: Wilreless card: Intel® PRO/Wireless 2200BG Network Connection Router: Zyxel P-660-HW-T1 v3 Everything works fine on my Vista machine (for once). Any help appreciated!

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• Ubuntu 10.04 with HD flash

  - by Brad Robertson

  Just noticed that 10.04 is out. My media server has been packed away for a few months but I might dust if off and give 10.04 a shot but I thought I'd see if anyone has any success stories with HD flash in either Chrome or Firefox. I'm currently running Ubuntu 9.10 and it was a large enough pain to get VDPAU working with my Zotac Ion-ITX-C board (eventually found an mplayer PPA that had it compiled in) From reading the 10.04 docs it looks like this is standard now, but I'm wondering about streaming HD, from, say flash or Divx. I've never been able to get HD flash to play without it being extremely choppy, and I chalk this up to the lack of hardware assisted decoding like VDPAU (a guess). My board certainly isn't a competitor in CPU power or memory, which is why i've needed the HW accelerated decoding for HD vids in the past. Just wondering if anyone has had any success stories playing HD vid online (flash, divx or what have you)

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• Migrating RAID6 array from HP SmartArray P600 to LSI MegaRAID SAS 8888ELP

  - by MLu

  My customer has an external RAID6 array (8x 1TB in HP MSA60 enclosure) attached to HP SmartArray P600 controller. They have now decided to replace the server and the new one comes with LSI MegaRAID SAS 8888ELP. The HW supplier insists the migration is as simple as pulling the eSATA cable from P600 and inserting it into LSI but I'm not convinced. Unfortunately I have nowhere to test, and will have to do the exercise on the production array :( So the question in brief - is it possible to import the HP SmartArray P600-created RAID6 array to LSI MegaRAID 8888ELP?

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• Is there a test to see if hardware virtualization (vmx / xvm) are presently enabled within a Linux session?

  - by Dr. Edward Morbius

  I'm writing procedures for configuring VirtualBox support for 64-bit SMP guests, which requires hardware virtualization suppot (VTx/Intel, AMD-V/AMD). I have successfully configured this myself, however I'd like the procedure to be clear. sed -ne '/^flags/s/^.*: //p' /proc/cpuinfo | egrep -q '(vmx|svm)' && echo Has hardware virt || echo No HW virt ... shows if the CPU is capable. I've still got to go enable the feature in BIOS. Any way to test from within Linux to see that this is no or not? Thanks.

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• ffmpeg open webcam using YUYV but i want MJPEG

  - by Pavel

  I need ffmpeg to open webcam (logitech c910) in MJPEG mode, because the webcam can give ~24 using MJPEG "protocol" and only ~10 fps using the YUYV. Can i choose between them using ffmpeg command line? xx@(none) ~ $ v4l2-ctl --list-formats ioctl: VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT Index : 0 Type : Video Capture Pixel Format: 'YUYV' Name : YUV 4:2:2 (YUYV) Index : 1 Type : Video Capture Pixel Format: 'MJPG' (compressed) Name : MJPEG My current command line: ffmpeg -y -f alsa -i hw:3,0 -f video4linux2 -r 20 -s 1280x720 -i /dev/video0 -acodec libfaac -ab 128k -vcodec libx264 /tmp/web.avi ffmpeg produces corrupted h264 stream when i record from webcam, but normal h264 strem when i record from x11grab. Another codecs (mjpeg, mpeg4) works well with webcam... But this is another story.

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• How to change from own Internal/Extrernal DNS to use an outsourced service like DNS Made Easy?

  - by Joakim

  Our current setup is a co-located linux box with an openvz kernel with a handful virtual containers for www, mail etc. and one container run Bind9 with a split views configuration serving External and Internal DNS. The HW-Node runs a shorewall firewall and all containers uses private ip's. The box (and DNS) basically handles web and mail for a handful domains and it works well but we still think it would be a good idea to outsource the public DNS and now to my question... Although I am fairly comfortable with the server stuff and DNS, I'm far from a pro and guess I basically need some confirmation that I am thinking in the right direction in that I basically just move the content of our external view (with zone files) to the external service and keep the internal view (or actually remove the view), update the new external DNS with thier names servers, update the info at my registrar and wait for propagation or have I missed something? Maybe someone else here run something similar already and can share some exteriences? I found this question which at least confirms it can be done.

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• Unicast traffic between hosts on a switch leaving the switch by its uplink. Why?

  - by Rich Lafferty

  I have a weird thing happening on our network at my office which I can't quite get my head around. In particular I can't tell if it's a problem with a switch, or a problem with configuration. We have a Cisco SG300-52 switch (sw01) in the top of a rack in our server room, connected to another SG300-28 that acts as our core switch (core01). Both run layer 2 only, our firewalls do routing between VLANs. They have a dozen or so VLANs between them. Gi1 on sw01 is a trunk port connected to gi1 on core01. (Disclosure: There are other switches in our environment but I'm pretty sure I've isolated the problem down to these two. Happy to provide more info if necessary.) The behaviour I'm seeing is limited to one VLAN, vlan 12 -- or, at least, it's not happening on the other ones I checked (It's hard to guarantee the absence of packets), and it is: sw01 is forwarding, to core01, traffic which is between two hosts which are both plugged into sw01. (I noticed this because the IDS in our firewall gave a false positive on traffic which should not reach the firewall.) We noticed this mostly between our two dhcp/dns servers, net01 (10.12.0.10) and net02 (10.12.0.11). net01 is physical hardware and net02 is on a VMware ESX server. net01 is connected to gi44 on sw01 and net02's ESX server to gi11. [net01]----gi44-[sw01]-gi1----gi1-[core01] [net02]----gi11/ Let's see some interfaces! Remember, vlan 12 is the problem vlan. Of the others I explicitly verified that vlan 27 was not affected. Here's the two hosts' ports: esx01 contains net02. sw01#sh run int gi11 interface gigabitethernet11 description esx01 lldp med disable switchport trunk allowed vlan add 5-7,11-13,100 switchport trunk native vlan 27 ! sw01#sh run int gi44 interface gigabitethernet44 description net01-1 lldp med disable switchport mode access switchport access vlan 12 ! Here's the trunk on sw01. sw01#sh run int gi1 interface gigabitethernet1 description "trunk to core01" lldp med disable switchport trunk allowed vlan add 4-7,11-13,27,100 ! And the other end of the trunk on core01. interface gigabitethernet1 description sw01 macro description switch switchport trunk allowed vlan add 2-7,11-16,27,100 ! I have a monitor port on core01, thus: core01#sh run int gi12 interface gigabitethernet12 description "monitor port" port monitor GigabitEthernet 1 ! And the monitor port on core01 sees unicast traffic going between net01 and net02, both of which are on sw01! I've verified this with a monitor port on sw01 that sees the net01-net02 unicast traffic leaving via gi1 too. sw01 knows that both of those hosts are on ports that are not its trunk port: :) ratchet$ arp -a | grep net net02.2ndsiteinc.com (10.12.0.11) at 00:0C:29:1A:66:15 [ether] on eth0 net01.2ndsiteinc.com (10.12.0.10) at 00:11:43:D8:9F:94 [ether] on eth0 sw01#sh mac addr addr 00:0C:29:1A:66:15 Aging time is 300 sec Vlan Mac Address Port Type -------- --------------------- ---------- ---------- 12 00:0c:29:1a:66:15 gi11 dynamic sw01#sh mac addr addr 00:11:43:D8:9F:94 Aging time is 300 sec Vlan Mac Address Port Type -------- --------------------- ---------- ---------- 12 00:11:43:d8:9f:94 gi44 dynamic I also brought up an unused port on sw01 on vlan 12, but the unicast traffic was (as best as I could tell) not coming out that port. So it doesn't look like sw01 is pushing it out all its ports, just the right ports and also gi1! I've verified that sw01 is not filling up its address-table: sw01#sh mac addr count This may take some time. Capacity : 8192 Free : 7983 Used : 208 The full configs for both core01 and sw01 are available: core01, sw01. Finally, versions: sw01#sh ver SW version 1.1.2.0 ( date 12-Nov-2011 time 23:34:26 ) Boot version 1.0.0.4 ( date 08-Apr-2010 time 16:37:57 ) HW version V01 core01#sh ver SW version 1.1.2.0 ( date 12-Nov-2011 time 23:34:26 ) Boot version 1.1.0.6 ( date 11-May-2011 time 18:31:00 ) HW version V01 So my understanding is this: sw01 should take unicast traffic for net01 and send it only out net02's port, and vice versa; none of it should go out sw01's uplink. But core01, receiving traffic on gi1 for a host it knows is on gi1, is right in sending it out all of its ports. (That is: sw01 is misbehaving, but core01 is doing what it should given the circumstances.) My question is: Why is sw01 sending that unicast traffic out its uplink, gi1? (And pre-emptively: yes, I know SG300s leave much to be desired, and yes, we should have spanning-tree enabled, but that's where I'm at right now.)

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• Nexus One USB freezes Vista SP2 Quad Core

  - by user25479

  My Nexus One (N1) will occasionally freeze my Vista 32bit SP2 Quad Core 2.4GHz during POST. MB is ASUS P5N-E SLI with 4GB of RAM. The PC will be booting and when I connect the N1 via USB, the boot sequence will freeze, then continue once I unplug the N1 USB link. It happens whether the N1 is in USB debugging mode and when it is not. I'm not sure whether this is an N1 hw/fw issue, system interaction with my PC, or a result of my N1 development environment (I'm using the Eclipse Galileo IDE for Java Developers, primarily compiling to API Level 7. Eclipse has also occasionally frozen although I haven't established N1 USB cause-and-effect on that issue). Is anyone else experiencing these symptom?

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• Problem with Jumbo Frames

  - by Spookyone

  Hello, I am trying to set up jumbo frames on my gigabit home LAN but no luck so far. My setup is: * D-Link DIR-655 router, HW Revision A3, Firmware 1.21 EU * Synology DS107+, Firmware 3.0-1337 * Laptop w/ Win7 x64, external PCIx NIC managed by "Generic Marvel Yukon 88E8053 based Ethernet Controller" The router is supposed to support jumbo frames but doesn't feature any relevant setting. I set the Jumbo Packet value to 9000 on both the NIC and the Synobox but it doesn't work, ping -f -l 8972 says "Packet needs to be fragmented but DF set". Is there any other setting I overlooked, the DIR-655 doesn't actually support jumbo frames, or what else could be the problem?

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• CPU I/O communication part 2

  - by b-gen-jack-o-neill

  Hi, I was suggested when I have some further questions on my older ones, to create newer Question and reffer to old one. So, this is the original question: CPU I/O communication OK, I have just 2 more questions. 1, How is MMIO set? I mean, lets say I have developed some extension card with PCI interface. How do you say to memory controller to redirect desired memory space to my card´s RAM? I mean, I think standart text-mode VGA MMIO adress is 0x8000. Is this HW set (every motherboard automatically redirects 0x8000 adress to PCI-E) or its just standart and can be changed (VGA says to motherboard: give me memory mapped IO at 0x8000) 2, Can one expansion card have more MMIO connections? I mean, lets say I have card with 10 Bytes of RAM. Can Bytes 0-4 be mapped to 0x0 and bytes 5-9 to 0x5000? Please, if you know about some good article about this, please post link. Thanks.

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• CPU I/O communication

  - by b-gen-jack-o-neill

  Hi, I know there is this question already discussed, but I still don´t understand something, so please just help me clarify it. What I understand there is 2 way to do I/O aka communicate from CPU with other HW. One is to use in and out instructions, and second is the memory mapped. But what I don´t actually understand is, is IN and OUT instructions are used, you define source port. But what is this port? I mean, is it different set of pins on CPU or what? And, to what is that port connected? And for the memory mapped, I miss just a tiny detail. Wheather memory mapped I/O must be first set by IN and OUT instructions, or does the device actually somehow itself connects to the RAM and reads it? Thanks.

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• Windows OEM vs retail difference

  - by tjameson

  My laptop has an OEM version of Vista Home Premium 32-bit. I need to reinstall Windows, and I've made sure that disk I have downloaded is the same as the one on my system (32-bit Home Premium). Is the retail version the same as the OEM? I only have a retail copy but I have an OEM license. Will I have any problems reactivating my copy of windows? Note, my HW hasn't changed. Note: I saw this post already, but I don't have an OEM disk: Installing XP with out manufacturers original XP restore disk, possiable with OEM disk?

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• Is there a test to see if hardware virtualization (vmx / svm) are presently enabled within a Linux session?

  - by Dr. Edward Morbius

  I'm writing procedures for configuring VirtualBox support for 64-bit SMP guests, which requires hardware virtualization suppot (VTx/Intel, AMD-V/AMD). I have successfully configured this myself, however I'd like the procedure to be clear. sed -ne '/^flags/s/^.*: //p' /proc/cpuinfo | egrep -q '(vmx|svm)' && echo Has hardware virt || echo No HW virt ... shows if the CPU is capable. I've still got to go enable the feature in BIOS. Any way to test from within Linux to see that this is no or not? Thanks. (Edit: s/xvm/svm/ in title)

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• Older raid controllers in raid 5 vs. Jbod and SW raid

  - by TEB

  Hi. Im in the fortunate position to have 6 Supermicro older VOD servers with the following config: Supermicro 3U case, 3xPSU Dual Xeon 3ghz P4 class cpu (5 years old.. havnt checked the exact type) 4GB Ram 3ware 9500-8 SATA controller 8 SATA SLOTS and alot of free drives. 2GB FLASH Bootdrive What im curious about is the RAID5 performance on these old beasts in HW mode vs. SW on Linux with the controller set in JBOD mode. Im thinking on using Centos 5.5 or Ubuntu or ZFS RaidZ on Opensolaris. Any tips? or reccomendations ? best regards TEB

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• Instructions to setup domain controller

  - by Robert Koritnik

  Where could I get best step by step instructions (with some simple explanations) how to setup domain controller on Windows Server 2008 R2 Server Core? I don't know what do I need? Do I need DNS as well and AD and so on and so forth. I don't know enough about these things, but I need to set them up to prepare development environment. I would also like to know how to configure firewall on DC machine, to make it visible on other machines because I've setup DC somehow but I can't connect to it... This is my HW config: Linksys internet router with DHCP my dev machine is Windows 7 my DC machine is a VM in my dev machine my dev machine has a network adapter to linksys and a virtual adapter to DC DC machine has two network adapters: one to linksys (to be inetrnet connected) and one to host (my dev Win7 machine)

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• Jumbo Frames on DIR-655

  - by Spookyone

  Hello, I am trying to set up jumbo frames on my gigabit home LAN but no luck so far. My setup is: D-Link DIR-655 router, HW Revision A3, Firmware 1.21 EU Synology DS107+, Firmware 3.0-1337 Laptop w/ Win7 x64, external PCIx NIC managed by "Generic Marvel Yukon 88E8053 based Ethernet Controller" The router is supposed to support jumbo frames but doesn't feature any relevant setting. I set the Jumbo Packet value to 9000 on both the NIC and the Synobox but it doesn't work, ping -f -l 8972 says "Packet needs to be fragmented but DF set". Is there any other setting I overlooked, the DIR-655 doesn't actually support jumbo frames, or what else could be the problem?

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• Shared storage for web cluster

  - by user52475

  Hi all! Have a big question about shared/clustered/distributed file system for storage. It will shared storage for shared web hosting (web files + maildir) and OpenVZ containers storage . Have any one working example of such system? The options are: Lustre GFS1/GFS2 - GFS2 - as I understand is EXPERIMENTAL... NFS This 3 systems which I consider for shared storage. Now I have storage with HW RAID 10 - 1TB. NFS - As I know there will be problem with locking? GFS/Lustre - problems when there will be a lot of small files , what is typical for hosting environment and problems with maildir.

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• Are there other application layer firewalls like Microfot TMG (ISA) that do advanced http rules?

  - by Bret Fisher

  Since the old days ISA and now TMG have had several great features that I often want to deploy to my customers because of the enhanced functionality and security, but often the cost of an additinal server HW, Windows Server, and TMG license is too much to justify when compaired to a $300-500 appliance. Are there other gateway firewalls that can perform one or more of these application layer features: pre-auth incoming http traffic against AD/LDAP before sending packets to internal server (forms auth or basic creds popup)? read host headers of incoming http traffic (even on https) to a single public IP and route packets to different internal servers based on that host header?

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• Why does my Mac address reset after reconnecting?

  - by Mr.Student

  I have ubuntu 12. I'm changing my mac address with ifconfig wlan0 hw ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx which works. However when I restart my connection my computer resets my mac to my original mac address. I'm guessing that this happens because something calls... ifconfig wlan0 down ... do something before connecting ifconfig wlan0 up ... connect to designated access point I want my mac address to however be the same no matter how many times I disconnect and reconnect, whether to another network or the same one. Also it would be nice to turn off the auto-connect feature for my network-manager with out having to edit each individual connection. Lastly I would like to know how to connect to a wifi network through the terminal and not via gui network manager ubuntu provides.

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• Hardware RAID 0 without OS re-installation

  - by sterz

  I have Ubuntu & Windows 7 installed on my hdd. Can I mirror the image of the hdd to the second identical drive? Is this not recommended (i.e have to re-install every OS)? If it is okay to mirror, is there anything else to do to make hw RAID 0 work? Does RAID 0 have the same risk as a single drive? What sector size would you recommend for read/write/extract video files (mostly each around 2 GB)?

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