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• How to make a vm scale when demand for resource increases

  - by Cray XT3

  i am having a server with 16 virtual core and 24G RAM,using Xen virtualization and ubuntu as dom0 Created 4 VMs (in para mode),each with different applications. CPU Load vary on each vm,somtimes first vm reaches nearly 100% CPU and others under 25% or even less. So is there a way in which vm can get cpu from other vms when they are not actually using it or utilization is under 25%.Same in the case of RAM also. I am not sure whether i am mentioning Cloud here. Initially i would like to give every vm a single VCPU,but can scale up to 8 or more by taking cpu from other vms if they are not using it. Is there any kind of tool that makes vm to scale its resources when demand increases. Is cloudstack and openstack designed for these kind of purpose or is that just a GUI to manage VMs.

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• howto fill DIMM slots around xeon 56xx

  - by maruti

  the new xeon 5600 series have 3 channels per CPU and support 18 DIMMS (9 slots per CPU). amd opteron 6100 series has 12 slots per CPU in a 4 channel config How to fill the slots for optimum memory performance?

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• processes slow after some time of actively running

  - by Yervand Aghababyan

  i have several cron jobs running on an ubuntu machine. each one does some pretty heavy load stuff. The cron jobs are parsing files and the bigger the file the longer it takes them to parse it. The strange thing is that if i make the files too big ( like 30mb) the script kind of hangs. It starts processing them really enthusiastically but after some time (something like 5-10 minutes) the cpu usage of the process drops a lot and it gets into some "zombie" state. If prior to this the process in htop was using 70-80% of the CPU then after this drop occurs it slows down to something like 5-10%. the load average drops down as well. The status of the processes sometimes changes to D in htop, which AFAIR stands for zombie. Today i noticed the same behavior of processes of mysql when executing heavy queries (a query took something like 4 hours to execute). the cron jobs are mostly php and during their processing most of the CPU eats the php process and not mysql. so i think the issue is not with a specific language/program but with the way the processes are "managed". The only other place i've seen similar behavior was on my Amazon EC2 micro instance when after some aggressive use of CPU the CPU quota was taking effect and everything was slowing down dramatically. This is a dedicated machine running ubuntu. what may be the cause?

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• Logging violations of rules in limits.conf

  - by PaulDaviesC

  I am trying to log the details of the programs that where failed due to the limit cap defined in the limits.conf. My initial plan was to do it using the audit system. The idea was to track the system calls related to limits in the limits.conf that where failed. However the problem with this approach is that , it is not possible to track the violations of cpu time, since that violation do not involve failure of system calls. In the case of CPU time , one thing happens is that the program which violated the cpu time will be delivered a SIGXCPU. So my question is how should I go about logging the programs that violated CPU time? Also is there any limits.conf specific logs available?

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• How to reduce virtual memory by optimising my PHP code?

  - by iCeR

  My current code (see below) uses 147MB of virtual memory! My provider has allocated 100MB by default and the process is killed once run, causing an internal error. The code is utilising curl multi and must be able to loop with more than 150 iterations whilst still minimizing the virtual memory. The code below is only set at 150 iterations and still causes the internal server error. At 90 iterations the issue does not occur. How can I adjust my code to lower the resource use / virtual memory? Thanks! <?php function udate($format, $utimestamp = null) { if ($utimestamp === null) $utimestamp = microtime(true); $timestamp = floor($utimestamp); $milliseconds = round(($utimestamp - $timestamp) * 1000); return date(preg_replace('`(?<!\\\\)u`', $milliseconds, $format), $timestamp); } $url = 'https://www.testdomain.com/'; $curl_arr = array(); $master = curl_multi_init(); for($i=0; $i<150; $i++) { $curl_arr[$i] = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); curl_setopt($curl_arr[$i], CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); curl_multi_add_handle($master, $curl_arr[$i]); } do { curl_multi_exec($master,$running); } while($running > 0); for($i=0; $i<150; $i++) { $results = curl_multi_getcontent ($curl_arr[$i]); $results = explode("<br>", $results); echo $results[0]; echo "<br>"; echo $results[1]; echo "<br>"; echo udate('H:i:s:u'); echo "<br><br>"; usleep(100000); } ?> Processor Information Total processors: 8 Processor #1 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #2 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #3 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #4 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #5 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #6 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #7 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Processor #8 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5405 @ 2.00GHz Speed 1995.120 MHz Cache 6144 KB Memory Information Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range Memory: 8302344k/9175040k available (2176k kernel code, 80272k reserved, 901k data, 228k init, 7466304k highmem) System Information Linux server3.server.com 2.6.18-194.17.1.el5PAE #1 SMP Wed Sep 29 13:31:51 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux Physical Disks SCSI device sda: 1952448512 512-byte hdwr sectors (999654 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 08 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 1952448512 512-byte hdwr sectors (999654 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 03 00 00 08 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sd 0:1:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdb sd 0:1:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0 sd 4:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg7 type 0 Current Memory Usage total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8306672 7847384 459288 0 487912 6444548 -/+ buffers/cache: 914924 7391748 Swap: 4095992 496 4095496 Total: 12402664 7847880 4554784 Current Disk Usage Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00 898G 307G 546G 36% / /dev/sda1 99M 19M 76M 20% /boot none 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm /var/tmpMnt 4.0G 1.8G 2.0G 48% /tmp

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• Firefox: Clear History Is SUPER EFFECTIVE?

  - by acidzombie24

  I'm seeing a performance problem on certain sites (like gmail) which clearing the history should not affect. Is this a website problem or a firefox problem and what can i do to fix it w/o clearing my history? Also as a webdeveloper i am interested in how to make this happen (or not happen). I'm using firefox 8 and i confirmed the problem by copying my profile to firefox 11 (portable). To reproduce go to gmail.com and sign in. Have your task manager open. Once you click signin or hit enter gmail will bring up your emails. Keep your eye on the CPU usage. I checked and right now on this machine its using all my CPU for 22seconds!!!! Yes. 22 seconds. Once i cleared my "browser & download history" Its <6seconds. WTF. I have no idea why or how the size of history and CPU usage when loading up gmail are correlated. I have firefox setup so it never clears the history. But... 22seconds is a disaster. Can someone explain why this is happening or a fix that isnt clearing my history? I tried visiting a few websites and only gmail eats up that much CPU. Most websites only take <5sec of max CPU. So maybe this is a gmail problem? Or a firefox problem that gmail happens to hit? I still dont understand why it happens. -edit- I forgot to mention places.sqlite is 90mb. I dont think that matters. I have a sqlite file 400mb which is pretty much 2 large tables. It has no performance issues

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• gateway solo 9550 windows xp

  - by papa j

  can i install a celeron 04 2.8 ghz cpu i currently have intel 01 1133 mhz

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• How to monitor an Amazon EC2 instance

  - by sektor

  Is there a way to monitor ec2 instances without using cloudwatch? I ask this since ec2 instances are basically VPS's, and using output from commands like top, vmstat, htop in scripts may not give the clear picture as the CPU cycles are shared between other instances as well. What should one keep in mind while monitoring CPU usage on a VPS?, should one have alerts based on top load or % of CPU used by user processes coupled with other factors like processes waiting on disk io, hardware interrupts?

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• When adding second processor to SQL Server, will it automatically balance the load?

  - by ddavis

  We have a SQL Server 2008 R2 (10.5) on a dedicated box with a single 2.4Ghz processor, which regularly runs at 70-80% CPU. We are going to be adding a significant number of users to the application and therefore want to add a second processor to the box (scale up). Will SQL Server automatically use the second processor to balance threads, or is there additional configuration that will need to be done? In other words, will adding the second processor drop my CPU usage to 35-40% per CPU, automatically balancing the load? Based on what I read here, it seems that it will: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms181007.aspx However, I've read elsewhere that CPU performance gains can be made by assigning database tables to different filegroups, but I'm not sure we want to get that complicated at this point.

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• strange Kernel Process Threads taking over my AIX box....

  - by Paul

  When I check the Running Stats of my box I get the following: CPU User% Kern% Wait% Idle% Physc 0 37.5 57.4 0.0 5.1 0.01 2 0.0 18.3 0.0 81.7 0.00 3 0.0 22.5 0.0 77.5 0.00 4 0.0 17.0 0.0 83.0 0.00 5 0.0 20.5 0.0 79.5 0.00 6 0.0 33.7 0.0 66.3 0.00 7 0.0 4.4 0.0 95.6 0.00 8 0.0 19.3 0.0 80.7 0.00 9 0.0 22.3 0.0 77.7 0.00 10 0.0 19.2 0.0 80.8 0.00 1 0.0 1.3 0.0 98.7 0.00 11 0.0 21.8 0.0 78.2 0.00 21 0.0 62.9 0.0 37.1 0.00 12 0.0 21.1 0.0 78.9 0.00 13 0.0 22.7 0.0 77.3 0.00 14 0.0 18.1 0.0 81.9 0.00 15 0.0 21.2 0.0 78.8 0.00 16 0.0 19.1 0.0 80.9 0.00 The Kern% seems high to me and I cannot find a reason for this much Kernel activity.... Doing a deep dive into what User processes are doing I find nothing with significant CPU utilization even though TOPAS and SAR both show the same thing.... One CPU with 30-60 % user and every processor with 5-30% Kernel % utilization... What is my box doing??? here is a second sample of CPU % from TOPAS CPU User% Kern% Wait% Idle% Physc 0 67.8 31.4 0.1 0.7 0.14 2 0.0 18.2 0.0 81.8 0.00 3 0.0 20.3 0.0 79.7 0.00 4 0.0 17.3 0.0 82.7 0.00 5 0.0 20.7 0.0 79.3 0.00 6 0.0 39.2 0.0 60.8 0.00 7 0.0 5.0 0.0 95.0 0.00 8 0.0 17.9 0.0 82.1 0.00 9 0.0 22.0 0.0 78.0 0.00 10 0.0 18.0 0.0 82.0 0.00 1 0.0 0.7 0.0 99.3 0.02 11 0.0 21.7 0.0 78.3 0.00 21 0.0 21.7 0.0 78.3 0.00 12 0.0 17.0 0.0 83.0 0.00 13 0.0 21.1 0.0 78.9 0.00 14 0.0 17.8 0.0 82.2 0.00 15 0.0 21.8 0.0 78.2 0.00 16 0.0 17.6 0.0 82.4 0.00 Any ideas to help identify what is running in the Kernel Space would be great....

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• SQL SERVER – Find Max Worker Count using DMV – 32 Bit and 64 Bit

  - by pinaldave

  During several recent training courses, I found it very interesting that Worker Thread is not quite known to everyone despite the fact that it is a very important feature. At some point in the discussion, one of the attendees mentioned that we can double the Worker Thread if we double the CPU (add the same number of CPU that we have on current system). The same discussion has triggered this quick article. Here is the DMV which can be used to find out Max Worker Count SELECT max_workers_count FROM sys.dm_os_sys_info Let us run the above query on my system and find the results. As my system is 32 bit and I have two CPU, the Max Worker Count is displayed as 512. To address the previous discussion, adding more CPU does not necessarily double the Worker Count. In fact, the logic behind this simple principle is as follows: For x86 (32-bit) upto 4 logical processors  max worker threads = 256 For x86 (32-bit) more than 4 logical processors  max worker threads = 256 + ((# Procs – 4) * 8) For x64 (64-bit) upto 4 logical processors  max worker threads = 512 For x64 (64-bit) more than 4 logical processors  max worker threads = 512+ ((# Procs – 4) * 8) In addition to this, you can configure the Max Worker Thread by using SSMS. Go to Server Node >> Right Click and Select Property >> Select Process and modify setting under Worker Threads. According to Book On Line, the default Worker Thread settings are appropriate for most of the systems. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL System Table, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology Tagged: SQL DMV

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• Shared Database Servers

  - by shivanshu.upadhyay

  As more enterprises consolidate their database environments to support private cloud initiatives, ISVs will have to deal with sceanrios where they need to run on a shared powerful database server like Exadata. Some ISVs are concerned about meeting SLAs for performance in a shared environment. Outside the virtualization world, there are capabilities of Oracle Database which can be used to prevent resource contention and guarantee SLA. These capabilities are - 1) Instance Caging - This guarantees the CPU allocated or limits the maximum number of CPUs (and so the number of Oracle processes) that an instance of Database can use simultaneously. With this feature, ISVs can be assured that their application is allocated adequate CPUs even if the database server is shared with other applications. 2) CPU Resource Allocation with Database Resource Manager - This allocates percentages of CPU time to different users and applications within a database. ISVs can use this feature to ensure that priority user or workloads within their application get CPU resources over other requirements. 3) Exadata I/O Resource Manager - The Database Resource Manager feature in Oracle Database 11g has been enhanced for use with Exadata. This allows the sharing of storage between databases without fear of one database monopolizing the I/O bandwidth and impacting the performance of the other databases sharing the storage. This can be used to ensure that I/O does not become a performance bottleneck due to poor design of other applications sharing the same server.

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• cpufreq-selector, cpufreq-info reporting wrong max speed

  - by dty

  Hi, I've just built a new machine with a Core i5-760 CPU. Max speed is 2.80GHz (turbo mode notwithstanding). I've also done a vanilla install of Ubuntu 10.10. I've added the cpufreq-selector applet to the top panel, and its menus only allow me to select up to 2.39GHz. If I select the "performance" governor, it also shows 2.39GHz. cpufreq-info reports: $ cpufreq-info cpufrequtils 007: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009 Report errors and bugs to [email protected], please. analyzing CPU 0: driver: acpi-cpufreq CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0 1 2 3 CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0 maximum transition latency: 10.0 us. hardware limits: 1.20 GHz - 2.39 GHz available frequency steps: 2.39 GHz, 2.26 GHz, 2.13 GHz, 2.00 GHz, 1.86 GHz, 1.73 GHz, 1.60 GHz, 1.46 GHz, 1.33 GHz, 1.20 GHz available cpufreq governors: conservative, ondemand, userspace, powersave, performance current policy: frequency should be within 1.20 GHz and 2.39 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. current CPU frequency is 1.20 GHz. cpufreq stats: 2.39 GHz:13.74%, 2.26 GHz:0.09%, 2.13 GHz:0.08%, 2.00 GHz:0.08%, 1.86 GHz:0.07%, 1.73 GHz:0.07%, 1.60 GHz:0.08%, 1.46 GHz:0.08%, 1.33 GHz:0.11%, 1.20 GHz:85.61% (15560) [...CPUs 1-3 elided, but similar...] Any idea how to get Ubuntu and the various tools to recognise this as a 2.80GHz processor? And ideally to report the actual speed when running in turbo mode too, but that's not critical. Edit: I should probably add that the BIOS (& Windows) are quite happy that it's a 2.80GHz CPU. Thanks.

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• Server 2008R2 in Extra Small Windows Azure Instance?

  - by Shawn Eary

  Windows Azure hosting for an Extra Small (XS) Windows VM seems to come out to be about $10 a month right now. I think this XS instance gives you the equivalent of a 1 GHZ CPU with 768MB of RAM. I think the minimum requirements for Server 2008 is 1GHZ CPU with 512MB of RAM. Also, I think the minimum requirements for SQL Server Express is 1GHZ CPU with 256 MB of RAM and that the minimum requirements for Team Foundation Server Express 11 Beta is 2.2 GHZ CPU with 1 Gig of RAM (this 2.2 GHZ part could be a problem for my 1 GHZ XS VM...). Given the performance of the XS Azure instance, would I be able to install: a very basic MVC web site; a free instance of SQL Server Express; a free single user instance of Team Foundation Server Express 11 Beta and run the XS VM instance without serious crashing? I know there are other Shared WebHost providers that can provide these features for me, but those hosting providers have the following disadvantages: They sometimes cost a lot of money after all of the "addons" are in place They probably don't provide the level of security and employee integrity that Microsoft can provide They don't provide the total control that an Azure VM seems to provide

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• How do I debug an overheating problem?

  - by Tab

  Hello guys. I have a problem with my Laptop (Dell Inspiron 1564 Core i5 4GB Ram VGA ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4300 running Ubuntu 10.10 32bit). It shuts down abruptly without even a lag in the application I am working with before shutdown. I think it's overheating problem. Actually the laptop is hot all the time when I am running Ubuntu. When I switch back to windows, even with intense load it won't shutdown or show any problem as long as I keep proper ventilation (when the air openings are blocked it does the same). Actually on Ubuntu i don't usually do things that need much CPU power, usually surfing internet, coding web pages and sometimes playing with python and ruby. I am not enabling desktop effects so no GPU load except the normal GNOME gui. Now as I am writing the Processor load in the panel monitor applet is 0%, Memory 11% by programs, 22% by cache. And i have CPU Frequency monitor for each of the 4 cores set to 1.20 Ghz (the lowest possible value, i am not sure if this applet does really limit CPU usage). Running sensors in terminal gave me temp1: +26.8°C (crit = +100.0°C) temp2: +0.0°C (crit = +100.0°C) hddtemp /dev/sda at the terminal gave me /dev/sda: WDC WD3200BEVT-75ZCT2: 46°C All that fine but the laptop is Really hot i can feel it in the keyboard, mouse pad is painful to touch, and the fan is always spinning. I am also placing 2 small fans running on USB under the laptop right now and the laptop is lifted over the fans so it's well ventilated. When I am running windows it doesn't get that hot except when there is a really big load on the CPU and this is keeping me away from using Linux for everyday tasks. Actually I don't care much for speed as I can deal with low speed it's not going to shutdown abruptly. So please if you can help me and tell me what are the possible causes, where should I start ?

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• How do OSes work on multiple CPUs? [on hold]

  - by user3691093

  Assumption: "OS es (atleast in some part) should be written in assembly.Assembly programs are CPU specefic." If so how can one os run on different CPUs ? For example: how is that I can load Ubuntu on different systems having different CPUs (like intel i3,i5,i7, amd a8,a6,etc) from the same bootable disk? Does the disk contain seporate assembly programs for each CPU? Are these CPUs 'similar' enough to run the same assembly program? Is my assumption wrong? Something else.... Thanks for responding. I tried to find out in what way are the CPUs that I mentioned 'similar'. I came across the concepts of Instruction Set Architecture and Microarchitecture of CPUs.A CPU will understand a program if it is combatible with its ISA. Even if CPUs are 'wired up' differently (different microarchitecture) , as long as the ISA implemented on top is same ,the program will work. ARM and x86 have different ISA ( that why there are 2 windows 8 versions, right?). And if an app program is written in an HLL with compilers for both platforms we will saved from wasting time writing 2 programs. Did I understand anything wrong? Are there programs that can take a compiled program as input and produce a program executable on another CPU as output? Is it possible? (Virtualisation?) 32 bit windows programs do install on 64 bit windows ,dont they? Arent 64 bit CPUs 'differerent' from 32 bit CPUs? They do get seporate OS versions, right? Is this backward combatibility achieved using programes mentioned in (3) ?

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• ?Oracle DB 11gR2 ??????????????????/????????????????!

  - by Yuichi.Hayashi

  ?????????????????????????????40~60%????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????... ????????????????????????????????????????TCO(Total Cost of Ownership)???????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????1?1???????????????????????????????????1??????????????????????????????????????·????????????? ??????????????????·???·????????????????TCO????????????? ????????????????Grid(????)????????????????????????????·???? = Oracle Real Application Clusters(RAC)???????·???? = Oracle Automatic Storage Management(ASM)????????????????????????????????????? Oracle Database???????11g R2?????????????????????????/???????????????????????(????????????????)?????????????????????????????! SCAN Single Client Access Name(SCAN)??Oracle Real Application Clusters(RAC)11g R2??????? SCAN??????????????????????????????????????????????????RAC?????????????????????????·????????????????????SCAN?????????????????????VIP?????????????RAC????????????????????????????????!???????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????SCAN?????????????????????????????TCO?????????????????(????????????)???????????????????????????????!????????????? SCAN?????????????????????? ??????Oracle Database 11gR2 Real Application Clusters(?????????) ??????Oracle Real Application Clusters 11g Release 2 SCAN??? ACFS ASM Cluster File System(ACFS)??Automatic Storage Management(ASM)11g R2??????? ASM??S.A.M.E.(Stripe And Mirror Everything)????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·???????·??????????????????10g????????????????·??????????·???????????????ASM????????????·??????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????? 11g R2??????ACFS?????????????????(????????????????????????????????????????????????????????)????ASM???????????????????????????????????????????????????????·??????????????ACFS????! · ??????????????????? · ????????????/???? · ??????????????????????(?????)??? · ????????????? ?2???????????????????????????? · ???????????? ??????????????????????·??????????·?????????????????????!???????????????????????????????????????? ACFS??????????????????? ??????Oracle Database 11gR2 Automatic Storage Management ??????Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Automatic Storage Management???????????????? ??????·????? ??????·???????Oracle Database Resource Manager(????·?????)11g R2??????? ????·????????????·???????????????????????????????Oracle Database???Oracle RAC????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1????????????? ????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? CPU ???????????????????????????????????????????????????·??????????????????????????? 11g R2??????????·???????????????? CPU_COUNT ?????????????? CPU ???????????????????????????·??????? CPU ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????·???????????????????????????????????????????Oracle ??????????????????????·??????? CPU ??????????????????????????????·???????????????!???????????????? ??????·???????????????????????? ??????Oracle Database 11gR2 ????????????? ?????????? ? ??????????????????????????????????!? ? ???????????????????????????????????!?

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• ?????????OutOfMemory?????????????????|WebLogic Channel|??????

  - by ???02

  WebLogic Server Enterprise Edition????????????JRockit Mission Control????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Application Grid???????? ????????????????? ???(?????? Fusion Middleware?????? ???????????)??????????????????JRockit Mission Control?????2?????(???)????????????OutOfMemory????????　Java????????????????????1????????????????????????OutOfMemory?????????????·??????JVM????????????????????????????????????????????????B?????OutOfMemory????????????　B????????????????·?????????????????????????WebLogic Server???????????????OutOfMemory???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　????B???????????????JRockit Mission Control?1??????Memory Leak Detector?????OutOfMemory???????????????Memory Leak Detector?Java????????????·???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????　Memory Leak Detector?????????????????????????????????????(byte[])???????????????????????????????????·??????(GC)????????????????????????????????　????????????????????????????????????????????????Memory Leak Detector????·??????????·??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ThreadLocal??????????????????????????40%??????????????????java.lang.ThreadLocal?????????　WebLogic Server???Java EE????????·????????????????/??????????????????????????????????????·???????????????????????·????ThreadLocal?????????????·???????????????????????·?????????????????ThreadLocal???????????????????????????ThreadLocal??????????????????????????????　???????ThreadLocal?????????????????Memory Leak Detector?????????????????????·?????????????????????????????(ThreadLocal???????????????)???????·????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1????????????1?????·????????????????????????????????????????????·????????????????　??B???????WebLogic Server???????????????????????????????WebLogic Server????2???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1?????????????2?????·?????????????2?????????·???????????　???ThreadLocal???????????????ThreadLocal????????????????Thread??????????????????????????????????????Thread???????????????????GC?????????????????GC????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????(????????·???·???·????)?　WebLogic Server???????????????????????????????????????????????(?????????????????)???"????"?????????????????????????????GC??????????ThreadLocal???????????????????????????????????????GC?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????OutOfMemory?????????????????　??????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder?JRockit Mission Control????????????????????????????????????ThreadLocal????????????????????????????·???·????????????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder/JRockit Mission Control????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????????????????·????????????????　????????????????????????????·???????????C??????????WebLogic Server??????????????????????????????????????????????4??(1????×4??)??????12??(2????×6??)???????????　??????????3?????????????????????????????????????????????????4??·???????3,500??????????????12??????????2,000???????????????????　???C??????????JVM????·????GC?????????????????????????OS???????????·??????????????????????????????????????????????　???????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder?????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????30??????????????????????　???????????????????1?????????????????????(??????·?????)?????????????????????WebLogic Server??????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????　???????????????????????????????????????????????????????Spin(???)??????????????????·???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·???????????????JRockit Flight Recorder??????????????????12??????????????·??????????????????(4??/1 JVM)????Java???·????????????(12??/1 JVM)????Java???·????????　??????·?????????CPU????????????????????????????·???????????????????????????????CPU??????????????????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????????????·????　?????????·??????????????????·????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????·??????????????????????????????????·?????????????????????·?????????????????(?????????????·???????????????????)?　WebLogic Server?JVM???Oracle JRockit???CPU???????JVM?????????????JVM?????????????????????????????????????????????????(JVM????-XX:BindToCPUs???????????CPU?????????JVM???-XX:NumaMemoryPolicy=strictlocal???????????????·?????????)??????????·???????????????????????????????(12??/1 JVM)????Java???·????????(?????)*　　　*　　　*　??????????3?????????????????????????????????????????????????WebLogic Server????OS?????????????????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder??????????????JRockit Mission Control???????????????????????????????????????????WebLogic Server?????????????????????????????????????JRockit Flight Recorder /JRockit Mission Control??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

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• linux thread synchronization

  - by johnnycrash

  I am new to linux and linux threads. I have spent some time googling to try to understand the differences between all the functions available for thread synchronization. I still have some questions. I have found all of these different types of synchronizations, each with a number of functions for locking, unlocking, testing the lock, etc. gcc atomic operations futexes mutexes spinlocks seqlocks rculocks conditions semaphores My current (but probably flawed) understanding is this: semaphores are process wide, involve the filesystem (virtually I assume), and are probably the slowest. Futexes might be the base locking mechanism used by mutexes, spinlocks, seqlocks, and rculocks. Futexes might be faster than the locking mechanisms that are based on them. Spinlocks dont block and thus avoid context swtiches. However they avoid the context switch at the expense of consuming all the cycles on a CPU until the lock is released (spinning). They should only should be used on multi processor systems for obvious reasons. Never sleep in a spinlock. The seq lock just tells you when you finished your work if a writer changed the data the work was based on. You have to go back and repeat the work in this case. Atomic operations are the fastest synch call, and probably are used in all the above locking mechanisms. You do not want to use atomic operations on all the fields in your shared data. You want to use a lock (mutex, futex, spin, seq, rcu) or a single atomic opertation on a lock flag when you are accessing multiple data fields. My questions go like this: Am I right so far with my assumptions? Does anyone know the cpu cycle cost of the various options? I am adding parallelism to the app so we can get better wall time response at the expense of running fewer app instances per box. Performances is the utmost consideration. I don't want to consume cpu with context switching, spinning, or lots of extra cpu cycles to read and write shared memory. I am absolutely concerned with number of cpu cycles consumed. Which (if any) of the locks prevent interruption of a thread by the scheduler or interrupt...or am I just an idiot and all synchonization mechanisms do this. What kinds of interruption are prevented? Can I block all threads or threads just on the locking thread's CPU? This question stems from my fear of interrupting a thread holding a lock for a very commonly used function. I expect that the scheduler might schedule any number of other workers who will likely run into this function and then block because it was locked. A lot of context switching would be wasted until the thread with the lock gets rescheduled and finishes. I can re-write this function to minimize lock time, but still it is so commonly called I would like to use a lock that prevents interruption...across all processors. I am writing user code...so I get software interrupts, not hardware ones...right? I should stay away from any functions (spin/seq locks) that have the word "irq" in them. Which locks are for writing kernel or driver code and which are meant for user mode? Does anyone think using an atomic operation to have multiple threads move through a linked list is nuts? I am thinking to atomicly change the current item pointer to the next item in the list. If the attempt works, then the thread can safely use the data the current item pointed to before it was moved. Other threads would now be moved along the list. futexes? Any reason to use them instead of mutexes? Is there a better way than using a condition to sleep a thread when there is no work? When using gcc atomic ops, specifically the test_and_set, can I get a performance increase by doing a non atomic test first and then using test_and_set to confirm? *I know this will be case specific, so here is the case. There is a large collection of work items, say thousands. Each work item has a flag that is initialized to 0. When a thread has exclusive access to the work item, the flag will be one. There will be lots of worker threads. Any time a thread is looking for work, they can non atomicly test for 1. If they read a 1, we know for certain that the work is unavailable. If they read a zero, they need to perform the atomic test_and_set to confirm. So if the atomic test_and_set is 500 cpu cycles because it is disabling pipelining, causes cpu's to communicate and L2 caches to flush/fill .... and a simple test is 1 cycle .... then as long as I had a better ratio of 500 to 1 when it came to stumbling upon already completed work items....this would be a win.* I hope to use mutexes or spinlocks to sparilngly protect sections of code that I want only one thread on the SYSTEM (not jsut the CPU) to access at a time. I hope to sparingly use gcc atomic ops to select work and minimize use of mutexes and spinlocks. For instance: a flag in a work item can be checked to see if a thread has worked it (0=no, 1=yes or in progress). A simple test_and_set tells the thread if it has work or needs to move on. I hope to use conditions to wake up threads when there is work. Thanks!

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• Installing Lubuntu 14.04.1 forcepae fails

  - by Rantanplan

  I tried to install Lubuntu 14.04.1 from a CD. First, I chose Try Lubuntu without installing which gave: ERROR: PAE is disabled on this Pentium M (PAE can potentially be enabled with kernel parameter "forcepae" ... Following the description on https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PAE, I used forcepae and tried Try Lubuntu without installing again. That worked fine. dmesg | grep -i pae showed: [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: file=/cdrom/preseed/lubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash -- forcepae [ 0.008118] PAE forced! On the live-CD session, I tried installing Lubuntu double clicking on the install button on the desktop. Here, the CD starts running but then stops running and nothing happens. Next, I rebooted and tried installing Lubuntu directly from the boot menu screen using forcepae again. After a while, I receive the following error message: The installer encountered an unrecoverable error. A desktop session will now be run so that you may investigate the problem or try installing again. Hitting Enter brings me to the desktop. For what errors should I search? And how? Finally, I rebooted once more and tried Check disc for defects with forcepae option; no errors have been found. Now, I am wondering how to find the error or whether it would be better to follow advice c in https://help.ubuntu.com/community/PAE: "Move the hard disk to a computer on which the processor has PAE capability and PAE flag (that is, almost everything else than a Banias). Install the system as usual but don't add restricted drivers. After the install move the disk back." Thanks for some hints! Perhaps some of the following can help: On Lubuntu 12.04: cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 6 microcode : 0x17 cpu MHz : 600.000 cache size : 2048 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr mce cx8 mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe up bts est tm2 bogomips : 1284.76 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 32 bits physical, 32 bits virtual power management: uname -a Linux humboldt 3.2.0-67-generic #101-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 17:45:51 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS Release: 12.04 Codename: precise cpuid eax in eax ebx ecx edx 00000000 00000002 756e6547 6c65746e 49656e69 00000001 000006d6 00000816 00000180 afe9f9bf 00000002 02b3b001 000000f0 00000000 2c04307d 80000000 80000004 00000000 00000000 00000000 80000001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 80000002 20202020 20202020 65746e49 2952286c 80000003 6e655020 6d756974 20295228 7270204d 80000004 7365636f 20726f73 30352e31 007a4847 Vendor ID: "GenuineIntel"; CPUID level 2 Intel-specific functions: Version 000006d6: Type 0 - Original OEM Family 6 - Pentium Pro Model 13 - Stepping 6 Reserved 0 Brand index: 22 [not in table] Extended brand string: " Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz" CLFLUSH instruction cache line size: 8 Feature flags afe9f9bf: FPU Floating Point Unit VME Virtual 8086 Mode Enhancements DE Debugging Extensions PSE Page Size Extensions TSC Time Stamp Counter MSR Model Specific Registers MCE Machine Check Exception CX8 COMPXCHG8B Instruction SEP Fast System Call MTRR Memory Type Range Registers PGE PTE Global Flag MCA Machine Check Architecture CMOV Conditional Move and Compare Instructions FGPAT Page Attribute Table CLFSH CFLUSH instruction DS Debug store ACPI Thermal Monitor and Clock Ctrl MMX MMX instruction set FXSR Fast FP/MMX Streaming SIMD Extensions save/restore SSE Streaming SIMD Extensions instruction set SSE2 SSE2 extensions SS Self Snoop TM Thermal monitor 31 reserved TLB and cache info: b0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor b3: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 02: Instruction TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 2 entries f0: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 7d: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 30: unknown TLB/cache descriptor 04: Data TLB: 4MB pages, 4-way set assoc, 8 entries 2c: unknown TLB/cache descriptor On Lubuntu 14.04.1 live-CD with forcepae: cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 13 model name : Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz stepping : 6 microcode : 0x17 cpu MHz : 600.000 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss tm pbe bts est tm2 bogomips : 1284.68 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 32 bits virtual power management: uname -a Linux lubuntu 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:12 UTC 2014 i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS Release: 14.04 Codename: trusty cpuid CPU 0: vendor_id = "GenuineIntel" version information (1/eax): processor type = primary processor (0) family = Intel Pentium Pro/II/III/Celeron/Core/Core 2/Atom, AMD Athlon/Duron, Cyrix M2, VIA C3 (6) model = 0xd (13) stepping id = 0x6 (6) extended family = 0x0 (0) extended model = 0x0 (0) (simple synth) = Intel Pentium M (Dothan B1) / Celeron M (Dothan B1), 90nm miscellaneous (1/ebx): process local APIC physical ID = 0x0 (0) cpu count = 0x0 (0) CLFLUSH line size = 0x8 (8) brand index = 0x16 (22) brand id = 0x16 (22): Intel Pentium M, .13um feature information (1/edx): x87 FPU on chip = true virtual-8086 mode enhancement = true debugging extensions = true page size extensions = true time stamp counter = true RDMSR and WRMSR support = true physical address extensions = false machine check exception = true CMPXCHG8B inst. = true APIC on chip = false SYSENTER and SYSEXIT = true memory type range registers = true PTE global bit = true machine check architecture = true conditional move/compare instruction = true page attribute table = true page size extension = false processor serial number = false CLFLUSH instruction = true debug store = true thermal monitor and clock ctrl = true MMX Technology = true FXSAVE/FXRSTOR = true SSE extensions = true SSE2 extensions = true self snoop = true hyper-threading / multi-core supported = false therm. monitor = true IA64 = false pending break event = true feature information (1/ecx): PNI/SSE3: Prescott New Instructions = false PCLMULDQ instruction = false 64-bit debug store = false MONITOR/MWAIT = false CPL-qualified debug store = false VMX: virtual machine extensions = false SMX: safer mode extensions = false Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology = true thermal monitor 2 = true SSSE3 extensions = false context ID: adaptive or shared L1 data = false FMA instruction = false CMPXCHG16B instruction = false xTPR disable = false perfmon and debug = false process context identifiers = false direct cache access = false SSE4.1 extensions = false SSE4.2 extensions = false extended xAPIC support = false MOVBE instruction = false POPCNT instruction = false time stamp counter deadline = false AES instruction = false XSAVE/XSTOR states = false OS-enabled XSAVE/XSTOR = false AVX: advanced vector extensions = false F16C half-precision convert instruction = false RDRAND instruction = false hypervisor guest status = false cache and TLB information (2): 0xb0: instruction TLB: 4K, 4-way, 128 entries 0xb3: data TLB: 4K, 4-way, 128 entries 0x02: instruction TLB: 4M pages, 4-way, 2 entries 0xf0: 64 byte prefetching 0x7d: L2 cache: 2M, 8-way, sectored, 64 byte lines 0x30: L1 cache: 32K, 8-way, 64 byte lines 0x04: data TLB: 4M pages, 4-way, 8 entries 0x2c: L1 data cache: 32K, 8-way, 64 byte lines extended feature flags (0x80000001/edx): SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions = false execution disable = false 1-GB large page support = false RDTSCP = false 64-bit extensions technology available = false Intel feature flags (0x80000001/ecx): LAHF/SAHF supported in 64-bit mode = false LZCNT advanced bit manipulation = false 3DNow! PREFETCH/PREFETCHW instructions = false brand = " Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor 1.50GHz" (multi-processing synth): none (multi-processing method): Intel leaf 1 (synth) = Intel Pentium M (Dothan B1), 90nm

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• OS Analytics - Deep Dive Into Your OS

  - by Eran_Steiner

  Enterprise Manager Ops Center provides a feature called "OS Analytics". This feature allows you to get a better understanding of how the Operating System is being utilized. You can research the historical usage as well as real time data. This post will show how you can benefit from OS Analytics and how it works behind the scenes. We will have a call to discuss this blog - please join us!Date: Thursday, November 1, 2012Time: 11:00 am, Eastern Daylight Time (New York, GMT-04:00)1. Go to https://oracleconferencing.webex.com/oracleconferencing/j.php?ED=209833067&UID=1512092402&PW=NY2JhMmFjMmFh&RT=MiMxMQ%3D%3D2. If requested, enter your name and email address.3. If a password is required, enter the meeting password: oracle1234. Click "Join". To join the teleconference:Call-in toll-free number:       1-866-682-4770  (US/Canada)      Other countries:                https://oracle.intercallonline.com/portlets/scheduling/viewNumbers/viewNumber.do?ownerNumber=5931260&audioType=RP&viewGa=true&ga=ONConference Code:       7629343#Security code:            7777# Here is quick summary of what you can do with OS Analytics in Ops Center: View historical charts and real time value of CPU, memory, network and disk utilization Find the top CPU and Memory processes in real time or at a certain historical day Determine proper monitoring thresholds based on historical data View Solaris services status details Drill down into a process details View the busiest zones if applicable Where to start To start with OS Analytics, choose the OS asset in the tree and click the Analytics tab. You can see the CPU utilization, Memory utilization and Network utilization, along with the current real time top 5 processes in each category (click the image to see a larger version):  In the above screen, you can click each of the top 5 processes to see a more detailed view of that process. Here is an example of one of the processes: One of the cool things is that you can see the process tree for this process along with some port binding and open file descriptors. On Solaris machines with zones, you get an extra level of tabs, allowing you to get more information on the different zones: This is a good way to see the busiest zones. For example, one zone may not take a lot of CPU but it can consume a lot of memory, or perhaps network bandwidth. To see the detailed Analytics for each of the zones, simply click each of the zones in the tree and go to its Analytics tab. Next, click the "Processes" tab to see real time information of all the processes on the machine: An interesting column is the "Target" column. If you configured Ops Center to work with Enterprise Manager Cloud Control, then the two products will talk to each other and Ops Center will display the correlated target from Cloud Control in this table. If you are only using Ops Center - this column will remain empty. Next, if you view a Solaris machine, you will have a "Services" tab: By default, all services will be displayed, but you can choose to display only certain states, for example, those in maintenance or the degraded ones. You can highlight a service and choose to view the details, where you can see the Dependencies, Dependents and also the location of the service log file (not shown in the picture as you need to scroll down to see the log file). The "Threshold" tab is particularly helpful - you can view historical trends of different monitored values and based on the graph - determine what the monitoring values should be: You can ask Ops Center to suggest monitoring levels based on the historical values or you can set your own. The different colors in the graph represent the current set levels: Red for critical, Yellow for warning and Blue for Information, allowing you to quickly see how they're positioned against real data. It's important to note that when looking at longer periods, Ops Center smooths out the data and uses averages. So when looking at values such as CPU Usage, try shorter time frames which are more detailed, such as one hour or one day. Applying new monitoring values When first applying new values to monitored attributes - a popup will come up asking if it's OK to get you out of the current Monitoring Policy. This is OK if you want to either have custom monitoring for a specific machine, or if you want to use this current machine as a "Gold image" and extract a Monitoring Policy from it. You can later apply the new Monitoring Policy to other machines and also set it as a default Monitoring Profile. Once you're done with applying the different monitoring values, you can review and change them in the "Monitoring" tab. You can also click the "Extract a Monitoring Policy" in the actions pane on the right to save all the new values to a new Monitoring Policy, which can then be found under "Plan Management" -> "Monitoring Policies". Visiting the past Under the "History" tab you can "go back in time". This is very helpful when you know that a machine was busy a few hours ago (perhaps in the middle of the night?), but you were not around to take a look at it in real time. Here's a view into yesterday's data on one of the machines: You can see an interesting CPU spike happening at around 3:30 am along with some memory use. In the bottom table you can see the top 5 CPU and Memory consumers at the requested time. Very quickly you can see that this spike is related to the Solaris 11 IPS repository synchronization process using the "pkgrecv" command. The "time machine" doesn't stop here - you can also view historical data to determine which of the zones was the busiest at a given time: Under the hood The data collected is stored on each of the agents under /var/opt/sun/xvm/analytics/historical/ An "os.zip" file exists for the main OS. Inside you will find many small text files, named after the Epoch time stamp in which they were taken If you have any zones, there will be a file called "guests.zip" containing the same small files for all the zones, as well as a folder with the name of the zone along with "os.zip" in it If this is the Enterprise Controller or the Proxy Controller, you will have folders called "proxy" and "sat" in which you will find the "os.zip" for that controller The actual script collecting the data can be viewed for debugging purposes as well: On Linux, the location is: /opt/sun/xvmoc/private/os_analytics/collect On Solaris, the location is /opt/SUNWxvmoc/private/os_analytics/collect If you would like to redirect all the standard error into a file for debugging, touch the following file and the output will go into it: # touch /tmp/.collect.stderr   The temporary data is collected under /var/opt/sun/xvm/analytics/.collectdb until it is zipped. If you would like to review the properties for the Analytics, you can view those per each agent in /opt/sun/n1gc/lib/XVM.properties. Find the section "Analytics configurable properties for OS and VSC" to view the Analytics specific values. I hope you find this helpful! Please post questions in the comments below. Eran Steiner

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• How to Identify Which Hardware Component is Failing in Your Computer

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Concluding that your computer has a hardware problem is just the first step. If you’re dealing with a hardware issue and not a software issue, the next step is determining what hardware problem you’re actually dealing with. If you purchased a laptop or pre-built desktop PC and it’s still under warranty, you don’t need to care about this. Have the manufacturer fix the PC for you — figuring it out is their problem. If you’ve built your own PC or you want to fix a computer that’s out of warranty, this is something you’ll need to do on your own. Blue Screen 101: Search for the Error Message This may seem like obvious advice, but searching for information about a blue screen’s error message can help immensely. Most blue screens of death you’ll encounter on modern versions of Windows will likely be caused by hardware failures. The blue screen of death often displays information about the driver that crashed or the type of error it encountered. For example, let’s say you encounter a blue screen that identified “NV4_disp.dll” as the driver that caused the blue screen. A quick Google search will reveal that this is the driver for NVIDIA graphics cards, so you now have somewhere to start. It’s possible that your graphics card is failing if you encounter such an error message. Check Hard Drive SMART Status Hard drives have a built in S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) feature. The idea is that the hard drive monitors itself and will notice if it starts to fail, providing you with some advance notice before the drive fails completely. This isn’t perfect, so your hard drive may fail even if SMART says everything is okay. If you see any sort of “SMART error” message, your hard drive is failing. You can use SMART analysis tools to view the SMART health status information your hard drives are reporting. Test Your RAM RAM failure can result in a variety of problems. If the computer writes data to RAM and the RAM returns different data because it’s malfunctioning, you may see application crashes, blue screens, and file system corruption. To test your memory and see if it’s working properly, use Windows’ built-in Memory Diagnostic tool. The Memory Diagnostic tool will write data to every sector of your RAM and read it back afterwards, ensuring that all your RAM is working properly. Check Heat Levels How hot is is inside your computer? Overheating can rsult in blue screens, crashes, and abrupt shut downs. Your computer may be overheating because you’re in a very hot location, it’s ventilated poorly, a fan has stopped inside your computer, or it’s full of dust. Your computer monitors its own internal temperatures and you can access this information. It’s generally available in your computer’s BIOS, but you can also view it with system information utilities such as SpeedFan or Speccy. Check your computer’s recommended temperature level and ensure it’s within the appropriate range. If your computer is overheating, you may see problems only when you’re doing something demanding, such as playing a game that stresses your CPU and graphics card. Be sure to keep an eye on how hot your computer gets when it performs these demanding tasks, not only when it’s idle. Stress Test Your CPU You can use a utility like Prime95 to stress test your CPU. Such a utility will fore your computer’s CPU to perform calculations without allowing it to rest, working it hard and generating heat. If your CPU is becoming too hot, you’ll start to see errors or system crashes. Overclockers use Prime95 to stress test their overclock settings — if Prime95 experiences errors, they throttle back on their overclocks to ensure the CPU runs cooler and more stable. It’s a good way to check if your CPU is stable under load. Stress Test Your Graphics Card Your graphics card can also be stress tested. For example, if your graphics driver crashes while playing games, the games themselves crash, or you see odd graphical corruption, you can run a graphics benchmark utility like 3DMark. The benchmark will stress your graphics card and, if it’s overheating or failing under load, you’ll see graphical problems, crashes, or blue screens while running the benchmark. If the benchmark seems to work fine but you have issues playing a certain game, it may just be a problem with that game. Swap it Out Not every hardware problem is easy to diagnose. If you have a bad motherboard or power supply, their problems may only manifest through occasional odd issues with other components. It’s hard to tell if these components are causing problems unless you replace them completely. Ultimately, the best way to determine whether a component is faulty is to swap it out. For example, if you think your graphics card may be causing your computer to blue screen, pull the graphics card out of your computer and swap in a new graphics card. If everything is working well, it’s likely that your previous graphics card was bad. This isn’t easy for people who don’t have boxes of components sitting around, but it’s the ideal way to troubleshoot. Troubleshooting is all about trial and error, and swapping components out allows you to pin down which component is actually causing the problem through a process of elimination. This isn’t a complete guide to everything that could likely go wrong and how to identify it — someone could write a full textbook on identifying failing components and still not cover everything. But the tips above should give you some places to start dealing with the more common problems. Image Credit: Justin Marty on Flickr     

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• Windows XP SP3 TCP/IP No buffer space available

  - by Natalia

  I have the exactly same problem as here: Windows XP TCP/IP No buffer space available On Windows XP Pro, SP3 if one does an experiment where one tries to open TCP/IP sockets in a loop (bascially, listen port 7000, listen port 7001, etc.) After approx 649 open sockets, one will start getting errors: No buffer space available (maximum connections reached?) I've tried to edit the registry as described here http://smallvoid.com/article/winnt-tcpip-max-limit.html I set MaxUserPort = 65534 and MaxFreeTcbs = 2000, but it didn't help. What else can I do? I need 1000 server sockets. Here is the error stack: 05.04.2012 10:23:57 java.net.SocketException: No buffer space available (maximum connections reached?): listen at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.listen(Native Method) at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.bind(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:127) at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketAdaptor.bind(ServerSocketAdaptor.java:59) at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketAdaptor.bind(ServerSocketAdaptor.java:52) at channelserver.NIOAppServer.initSelector(NIOAppServer.java:40) at channelserver.NIOAppServer.(NIOAppServer.java:27) at channelserver.NIOServer.main(NIOServer.java:433) at channelserver.NIOServer.main(NIOServer.java:438)

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• Windows Server 2008 R2 Maximum Processor Limit Confusion

  - by Stevoni

  As I was looking through the Windows Server 2008 R2 specifications, I saw that the maximum supported processors is 64 sockets for Datacenter addition. This puts the maximum number or cores at 256 (if all sockets are quad cores), which I think it's just silly, but whatever. And now the questions: How does one set something like that up? (Obviously not for me, but humor me) Are there multiple dual socket motherboards running in a giant case with a ton of memory? How does the OS see all of the CPUs if they're on different boards? What would be a real world example of a need to have 64 sockets attached to one operating system vs 32 2 socket servers?

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• .Net Intermittent System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHeaderException

  - by ScottE

  We have a .net 3.5 web app that consumes third party web services. The proxy was created by adding a web reference to their wsdl. This proxy is not compiled. Our error logging is picking up frequent but intermittent exceptions: An exception of type 'System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHeaderException' occurred and was caught If I follow the url to the page that generated the exception, I can't recreate it. Edit: Here is most of the exception - where it bubbled up from Message : Internal Error Type : System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHeaderException, System.Web.Services, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a Source : System.Web.Services Help link : Actor : Code : http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/:Client Detail : Lang : Node : Role : SubCode : Data : System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal TargetSite : System.Object[] ReadResponse(System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapClientMessage, System.Net.WebResponse, System.IO.Stream, Boolean) Stack Trace : at System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol.ReadResponse(SoapClientMessage message, WebResponse response, Stream responseStream, Boolean asyncCall) at System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol.Invoke(String methodName, Object[] parameters) at Vendor.getSearch(getSearchRequest getSearchRequest) in c:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\Temporary ASP.NET Files\root\be43c34e\b09edc7e\App_WebReferences.pww-cf-q.0.cs:line 73 Edit 2: Inner exceptions: I sometimes get the following inner exceptions logged: Message : Unable to read data from the transport connection: An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host. Type : System.IO.IOException, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 Source : System Help link : Data : System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal TargetSite : Int32 Read(Byte[], Int32, Int32) Stack Trace : at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) at System.Net.FixedSizeReader.ReadPacket(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 count) at System.Net.Security.SslState.StartReceiveBlob(Byte[] buffer, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.CheckCompletionBeforeNextReceive(ProtocolToken message, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.StartSendBlob(Byte[] incoming, Int32 count, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.ForceAuthentication(Boolean receiveFirst, Byte[] buffer, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.ProcessAuthentication(LazyAsyncResult lazyResult) at System.Net.TlsStream.CallProcessAuthentication(Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.runTryCode(Object userData) at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteCodeWithGuaranteedCleanup(TryCode code, CleanupCode backoutCode, Object userData) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Net.TlsStream.ProcessAuthentication(LazyAsyncResult result) at System.Net.TlsStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) at System.Net.PooledStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) at System.Net.ConnectStream.WriteHeaders(Boolean async) And/Or: Message : An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host Type : System.Net.Sockets.SocketException, System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 Source : System Help link : ErrorCode : 10054 SocketErrorCode : ConnectionReset NativeErrorCode : 10054 Data : System.Collections.ListDictionaryInternal TargetSite : Int32 Receive(Byte[], Int32, Int32, System.Net.Sockets.SocketFlags) Stack Trace : at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Receive(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags) at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size) Update We're still working on it. Originally there was a route issue, which was resolved. We're still getting the inner exception with socket errors. We had MS support involved today, and they looked at some traces and network captures. The web service host does round-robin DNS, and they may be responding on a different IP address for the syn syn/ack from one ip, and the next from a different ip. This is not good. This is likely quite specific to our situation, but perhaps it applies to others as well. Microsoft Network Monitor and an application trace got us the information we needed.

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