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• Upgraded Ubuntu, all drives in one zpool marked unavailable

  - by Matt Sieker

  I just upgraded Ubuntu 14.04, and I had two ZFS pools on the server. There was some minor issue with me fighting with the ZFS driver and the kernel version, but that's worked out now. One pool came online, and mounted fine. The other didn't. The main difference between the tool is one was just a pool of disks (video/music storage), and the other was a raidz set (documents, etc) I've already attempted exporting and re-importing the pool, to no avail, attempting to import gets me this: root@kyou:/home/matt# zpool import -fFX -d /dev/disk/by-id/ pool: storage id: 15855792916570596778 state: UNAVAIL status: One or more devices contains corrupted data. action: The pool cannot be imported due to damaged devices or data. see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-5E config: storage UNAVAIL insufficient replicas raidz1-0 UNAVAIL insufficient replicas ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910 UNAVAIL ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523 UNAVAIL ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969 UNAVAIL The symlinks for those in /dev/disk/by-id also exist: root@kyou:/home/matt# ls -l /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910* /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51* lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:31 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910 -> ../../sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part1 -> ../../sdb1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part9 -> ../../sdb9 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523 -> ../../sdd lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part1 -> ../../sdd1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part9 -> ../../sdd9 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969 -> ../../sde lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part1 -> ../../sde1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 May 27 19:15 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part9 -> ../../sde9 Inspecting the various /dev/sd* devices listed, they appear to be the correct ones (The 3 1TB drives that were in a raidz array). I've run zdb -l on each drive, dumping it to a file, and running a diff. The only difference on the 3 are the guid fields (Which I assume is expected). All 3 labels on each one are basically identical, and are as follows: version: 5000 name: 'storage' state: 0 txg: 4 pool_guid: 15855792916570596778 hostname: 'kyou' top_guid: 1683909657511667860 guid: 8815283814047599968 vdev_children: 1 vdev_tree: type: 'raidz' id: 0 guid: 1683909657511667860 nparity: 1 metaslab_array: 33 metaslab_shift: 34 ashift: 9 asize: 3000569954304 is_log: 0 create_txg: 4 children[0]: type: 'disk' id: 0 guid: 8815283814047599968 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-SAMSUNG_HD103SJ_S246J90B134910-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 children[1]: type: 'disk' id: 1 guid: 18036424618735999728 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51422523-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 children[2]: type: 'disk' id: 2 guid: 10307555127976192266 path: '/dev/disk/by-id/ata-WDC_WD10EARS-00Y5B1_WD-WMAV51535969-part1' whole_disk: 1 create_txg: 4 features_for_read: Stupidly, I do not have a recent backup of this pool. However, the pool was fine before reboot, and Linux sees the disks fine (I have smartctl running now to double check) So, in summary: I upgraded Ubuntu, and lost access to one of my two zpools. The difference between the pools is the one that came up was JBOD, the other was zraid. All drives in the unmountable zpool are marked UNAVAIL, with no notes for corrupted data The pools were both created with disks referenced from /dev/disk/by-id/. Symlinks from /dev/disk/by-id to the various /dev/sd devices seems to be correct zdb can read the labels from the drives. Pool has already been attempted to be exported/imported, and isn't able to import again. Is there some sort of black magic I can invoke via zpool/zfs to bring these disks back into a reasonable array? Can I run zpool create zraid ... without losing my data? Is my data gone anyhow?

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• Remote Management/VNC Mac OSX Server 10.6 from Windows Server 2008

  - by Jonar

  What is the most compatible/reliable software to remote manage an osx server using windows server? I tried to activate the remote management from osx server then use remote desktop login from windows(failed) Tried to activate built in vnc server from osx server then use vnc client from windows(failed) tried to install osxvnc server(vine server) on osx then use either tightvnc or ultravnc on windows (connects but after sometime disconnect) PS. I would prefer a free software for both servers.

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• NETAPP Fragmentation

  - by mdpc

  We all know that once a disk (or storage system for that matter) gets introduced into use, the performance degrades due to fragmentation of files. This seems to be why disk defragmentors are in fairly wide use on Windows boxes. And they do increase the performance substancially. As an aside, I haven't heard of many defragmentors in the Unix/Linux area. Despite the claimed WAFL protections for the NetApp, file fragmentation still will occur, especially with all the sparsely crated VMs. My question is does anybody do any sort of defragmention of such a storage system? Do you notice any measurable degration/improvement of either not doing/doing anything to address this situation? Does anybody do anything about it? If so what? Thanks

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• Run script when a specific disk/memory card is mounted under OSX

  - by Max Rydahl Andersen

  How do I run a script when a drive is mounted under OSX ? My usecase is that I would like to automatically copy images from my USB memory/harddrive when it is inserted in my USB card reader, and when a DVD or CD is inserted I would like to copy it for storage in my media center. I've tried using Marcopolo but from what I can see it can only detect the presence of a certain USB device, not the presence of specific harddrive. (http://superuser.com/questions/65127/is-it-possible-to-run-an-automator-workflow-when-a-usb-device-is-connected)

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• Trying to get Hobbit clients to show cpu, mem, disk, etc

  - by Bryan Agee

  I have a Hobbit server set up with a handful of hosts using conn, http, ssh, and sslcert services, but would like to add the other tests as well. I've installed hobbit-client on a server, and added: # CLIENT:fqdn.example.com to it's host line in bb-hosts, and added: HOST=fqdn.example.com before the default configuration in hobbit-clinets.cfg, but no joy. Does anyone know what else I need to do for those tests to register?

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• using EMC branded disk array with Dell/EMC branded CX3-20 head unit

  - by rorr

  Are there any problems or gotchas with using an EMC branded DAE3P with a Dell/EMC branded Clariion SAN? Obviously getting support for the array would be problematic, but other than that is there anything I should know?

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• What are "Missing thread recordng" erros when running fsck -fy?

  - by ohho

  There is some error reported when I run Disk Utility and verify the root volume on my OS X MacBook. So I boot and CMD-S into the shell mode and run /sbin/fsck -fy. Errors are like: ** Checking catalog file. Missing thread record (id = ...) In correct number of thread records ** Checking catalog hierarchy. Invalid volume file count (It should be ... instead of ...) ** Repairing Volume Missing directory record (id = ...) I'd like to know what is the cause of the above errors? Hopefully I will be more careful in the future to prevent them from happening again. p.s. I am using a SSD and so I assume mechanical hard disk error is less likely. Thanks!

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• ubuntu: server management GUI tools like ebox?

  - by ajsie

  i wonder if there are some GUI management tools for ubuntu to be used to manage all server tasks. eg. installing server applications, managing them, editing their conf files and so on. i saw ebox and i thought it was something i need.

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• Refresh file access time under Linux / Discard disk read cache

  - by calandoa

  I am making use of the access time to analyse some build process, but it is not working the way I want: the access time is updated the first time I read the file, then it stays the same for a long while, or until the next reboot. For instance: $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 10:03 some_file $ grep abcdef some_file $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 11:24 some_file # The access time is updated # waiting a few minutes... $ grep abcdef some_file $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 11:24 some_file # The access time has not been updated :( I suppose that the file is buffered by Linux in the free memory, the only this copy is accessed the subsequent times for speed reasons. A solution would be to discard the buffers in memory. After searching some forums, I found: sync echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches But it is not working, it seems that it only sync up the write buffers, not the read ones. May be it is due to some custom kernel configuration on my distro (fedora 9)? Or I am missing something here? Is there a way to achieve this access time refresh? Note also that I do not want to simulate some writes on my entire file tree. Because I am using some makefile based build system, this will cause the entire project to be build again.

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• mdadm raid5 recover double disk failure - with a twist (drive order)

  - by Peter Bos

  Let me acknowledge first off that I have made mistakes, and that I have a backup for most but not all of the data on this RAID. I still have hope of recovering the rest of the data. I don't have the kind of money to take the drives to a recovery expert company. Mistake #0, not having a 100% backup. I know. I have a mdadm RAID5 system of 4x3TB. Drives /dev/sd[b-e], all with one partition /dev/sd[b-e]1. I'm aware that RAID5 on very large drives is risky, yet I did it anyway. Recent events The RAID become degraded after a two drive failure. One drive [/dev/sdc] is really gone, the other [/dev/sde] came back up after a power cycle, but was not automatically re-added to the RAID. So I was left with a 4 device RAID with only 2 active drives [/dev/sdb and /dev/sdd]. Mistake #1, not using dd copies of the drives for restoring the RAID. I did not have the drives or the time. Mistake #2, not making a backup of the superblock and mdadm -E of the remaining drives. Recovery attempt I reassembled the RAID in degraded mode with mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md0, using /dev/sd[bde]1. I could then access my data. I replaced /dev/sdc with a spare; empty; identical drive. I removed the old /dev/sdc1 from the RAID mdadm --fail /dev/md0 /dev/sdc1 Mistake #3, not doing this before replacing the drive I then partitioned the new /dev/sdc and added it to the RAID. mdadm --add /dev/md0 /dev/sdc1 It then began to restore the RAID. ETA 300 mins. I followed the process via /proc/mdstat to 2% and then went to do other stuff. Checking the result Several hours (but less then 300 mins) later, I checked the process. It had stopped due to a read error on /dev/sde1. Here is where the trouble really starts I then removed /dev/sde1 from the RAID and re-added it. I can't remember why I did this; it was late. mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sde1 mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sde1 However, /dev/sde1 was now marked as spare. So I decided to recreate the whole array using --assume-clean using what I thought was the right order, and with /dev/sdc1 missing. mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean -l5 -n4 /dev/sdb1 missing /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 That worked, but the filesystem was not recognized while trying to mount. (It should have been EXT4). Device order I then checked a recent backup I had of /proc/mdstat, and I found the drive order. md0 : active raid5 sdb1[0] sde1[4] sdd1[2] sdc1[1] 8790402048 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU] I then remembered this RAID had suffered a drive loss about a year ago, and recovered from it by replacing the faulty drive with a spare one. That may have scrambled the device order a bit...so there was no drive [3] but only [0],[1],[2], and [4]. I tried to find the drive order with the Permute_array script: https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Permute_array.pl but that did not find the right order. Questions I now have two main questions: I screwed up all the superblocks on the drives, but only gave: mdadm --create --assume-clean commands (so I should not have overwritten the data itself on /dev/sd[bde]1. Am I right that in theory the RAID can be restored [assuming for a moment that /dev/sde1 is ok] if I just find the right device order? Is it important that /dev/sde1 be given the device number [4] in the RAID? When I create it with mdadm --create /dev/md0 --assume-clean -l5 -n4 \ /dev/sdb1 missing /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 it is assigned the number [3]. I wonder if that is relevant to the calculation of the parity blocks. If it turns out to be important, how can I recreate the array with /dev/sdb1[0] missing[1] /dev/sdd1[2] /dev/sde1[4]? If I could get that to work I could start it in degraded mode and add the new drive /dev/sdc1 and let it resync again. It's OK if you would like to point out to me that this may not have been the best course of action, but you'll find that I realized this. It would be great if anyone has any suggestions.

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• Use standard USB flash disk as security token

  - by Harun Baris Bulut

  We want our users in company to login their computers by using their USB Flash Disks or something else. Is there a way to achieve this without buying a USB token from a company ?

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• SQL Server Log File Size Management

  - by Rob

  I have all my databases in full recovery and have the log backups happening every 15 minutes so my log files are usually pretty small. question is if there is a nightly operation that causes lots of transactions to happen and causes my log files to grow, should i shrink them back down afterward? Does having a gigantic log file negatively affect the database performance? Disk space isn't an issue at this time.

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• Snow Leopard directories after hard disk crash and restore from Migrate Utility

  - by ennuikiller

  My hard drive on my macbook pro crashed the other day and I got a replacement from Apple with a vanilla snow leopard install. Upon returning home I used the Migration Utility to restore my previous data and configuration. So far, so good! Everything looks and works exactly the same as before the crash. However, I noticed these 2 directories that are taking up quite a bit of space: /Developer (from old Mac) /opt (from old Mac) The question is can I safely remove these? As I said, my macbook pro appears to be restored completely to before the hard drive crash. I can run all my apps and all my files appear to be intact. Therefore it seems the system is not using these directories. Also because of their odd names it doesn't seem that os x is using them for any purpose. Thanks in advance for any help!

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• /var/lib/ureadahead/debugfs using up disk space

  - by Keyo

  Running Ubuntu 10.04 and nearly all my drive space is gone. # df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/ubuntu-root 7.3G 6.6G 327M 96% / none 245M 240K 244M 1% /dev none 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm none 249M 340K 249M 1% /var/run none 249M 0 249M 0% /var/lock none 249M 0 249M 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sda1 228M 34M 183M 16% /boot Of course it's not mounted. I read that chmod 0 /sbin/debugfs could fix the problem, but now it just won't mount despite changing the permission to 777. This is a VM running on VirtualBox. I have done a file system check which ran fine. What is this directory and how can I remove it from the system?

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• How to stop blanking screen although I am active on Ubuntu Karmic on old IBM Laptop

  - by Glen S. Dalton

  How to stop blanking screen although I am active on Ubuntu Karmic on old IBM Laptop 600E? After some time of working on the machine the screen goes blank. When I hit ESC on the built-in keyboard (not on the attached USB keyboard where I work) it comes back and everything works fine until the next screen-blanking. I suspect it is some power management issue. When I use an old keyboard that has a ps2 connector it does not happen. So my guess is that the usb keyboard does not update the power management timer that detects when the session was last used? I am using fluxbox window manager. I do not want to disable power management because it is nice that the fan only works at the necessary speed (the fan spped is regulated which I can hear) But I could disable power management for testing purposes.

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• SSD with multiple partitions - disk life implications

  - by Nicolas Webb

  Each block on a SSD has a finite number of writes. This is mitigated on modern drives by "spreading" the writes around as you use the drive. I'm wondering if you partition a SSD into several partitions (a Mac using Boot Camp, for example) if this measure is defeated somewhat - can the writes be spread across the entire drive? Or are they contained strictly within the partition boundaries? Any SSD controller engineers here :)?

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• What are "Missing thread recordng" erros when running fsck -fy ?

  - by Horace Ho

  There is some error reported when I run Disk Utility and verify the root volume on my OS X MacBook. So I boot and CMD-S into the shell mode and run /sbin/fsck -fy. Errors are like: ** Checking catalog file. Missing thread record (id = ...) In correct number of thread records ** Checking catalog hierarchy. Invalid volume file count (It should be ... instead of ...) ** Repairing Volume Missing directory record (id = ...) I'd like to know what is the cause of the above errors? Hopefully I will be more careful in the future to prevent them from happening again. p.s. I am using a SSD and so I assume mechanical hard disk error is less likely. Thanks!

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• What are "Missing thread recordng" erros when running fsck -fy ?

  - by user32616

  There is some error reported when I run Disk Utility and verify the root volume on my OS X MacBook. So I boot and CMD-S into the shell mode and run /sbin/fsck -fy. Errors are like: ** Checking catalog file. Missing thread record (id = ...) In correct number of thread records ** Checking catalog hierarchy. Invalid volume file count (It should be ... instead of ...) ** Repairing Volume Missing directory record (id = ...) I'd like to know what is the cause of the above errors? Hopefully I will be more careful in the future to prevent them from happening again. p.s. I am using a SSD and so I assume mechanical hard disk error is less likely. Thanks!

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• Check for hard disk errors / signs of failure on CentOS Server

  - by inac

  What's the best way to check for HDD errors and early signs of failure on CentOS?

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• Full disk encryption on dual boot system using TrueCrypt

  - by Anders Hovgaard

  I'm thinking about encrypting my whole harddrive for example using TrueCrypt, which I've used for encrypting file containers for a while. It is possible to encrypt the whole harddisk through the program and then add a password secured bootloader before the actual bootloader. Is it possible to do this on a dualboot system with Windows 7 and Fedora 15 currently using Grub as the main bootloader? If so, is it possible to reinstall a system later or will that ruin the whole setup? Thanks

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• HW RAID 1 different disk sizes?

  - by jacka

  I was told by an HP support guy that I should not replace a failed drive in a mirror with a bigger size drive, since it could crash my array. I am puzzled why is this so and how to hell am I suppose to support this array once the specific hdd model is not available any more?

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• Virtual Hard Disk Migration from Virtual Server 2005 to Hyper-V

  - by Akash Kava

  I have two questions, Can I use existing 2nd Hard Drive as External Hard Drive inside Virtual Server Instance running on same machine? If I use right now Virtual Server 2005 and run my server, tomorrow if I buy HyperV on different machine, can I just simply use same Virtual Hard Drive in Hyper V Without having to reinstall everything?

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• Is Evernote a good task management system?

  - by oo

  Someone recently recommended Evernote and I wanted to see if anyone has an opinion on this software as their main task management system. It seems like it might be overkill

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• How to select a server that supports Windows scheduled file IO

  - by Kristof Verbiest

  Background: I am developing an application that needs to read data from disk with a fairly consistent throughput. It is important that this throughput is not influenced by other actions that happen on the disk (e.g. by other processes). For this purpose, I was hoping to use the 'Scheduled File I/O' feature in Windows (throught the GetFileBandwithReservation and SetFileBandwithReservation functions). However, this StackOverflow question has thought me that this feature is only available if the device driver supports it. Currently I have no computer at my disposition that seems to support this feature (I have an HP Proliant server and a Dell Precision workstation). Question: If I were to order a new server, how can I know beforehand if this feature will be supported by the device driver? How 'upscale' does the server have to be? Has anybody used this feature with success and cares to share his experiences?

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• Real time writing to disk

  - by Jesper

  Is there any software out there that can help me track, in real time, files being changed and/or created on my Windows (Windows 7) system? I'm trying to figure out all files being changed when setting up Windows Live Mail as I want to sync all relevant files between two computers. And no, the storage folder is not enough. I'm grateful for any help. Thanks!

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