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  • Data encapsulation in Swift

    - by zpasternack
    I've read the entire Swift book, and watched all the WWDC videos (all of which I heartily recommend). One thing I'm worried about is data encapsulation. Consider the following (entirely contrived) example: class Stack<T> { var items : T[] = [] func push( newItem: T ) { items.insert( newItem, atIndex: 0 ) } func pop() -> T? { if items.count == 0 { return nil; } return items.removeAtIndex( 0 ); } } This class implements a stack, and implements it using an Array. Problem is, items (like all properties in Swift) is public, so nothing is preventing anyone from directly accessing (or even mutating) it separate from the public API. As a curmudgeonly old C++ guy, this makes me very grumpy. I see people bemoaning the lack of access modifiers, and while I agree they would directly address the issue (and I hear rumors that they might be implemented Soon (TM) ), I wonder what some strategies for data hiding would be in their absence. Have I missed something, or is this simply an omission in the language?

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  • Performance Comparison of Shell Scripts vs high level interpreted langs (C#/Java/etc.)

    - by dferraro
    Hi all, First - This is not meant to be a 'which is better, ignorant nonionic war thread'... But rather, I generally need help in making an architecture decision / argument to put forward to my boss. Skipping the details - I simply just would love to know and find the results of anyone who has done some performance comparisons of Shell vs [Insert General Purpose Programming Language (interpreted) here), such as C# or Java... Surprisingly, I have spent some time on Google on searching here to not find any of this data. Has anyone ever done these comparisons, in different use-cases; hitting a database like in a XYX # of loops doing different types of SQL (Oracle pref, but MSSQL would do) queries such as any of the CRUD ops - and also not hitting database and just regular 50k loop type comparison doing different types of calculations, and things of that nature? In particular - for right now, I need to a comparison of hitting an Oracle DB from a shell script vs, lets say C# (again, any GPPL thats interpreted would be fine, even the higher level ones like Python). But I also need to know about standard programming calculations / instructions/etc... Before you ask 'why not just write a quick test yourself? The answer is: I've been a Windows developer my whole life/career and have very limited knowledge of Shell scripting - not to mention *nix as a whole.... So asking the question on here from the more experienced guys would be grealty beneficial, not to mention time saving as we are in near perputual deadline crunch as it is ;). Thanks so much in advance,

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  • Why aren't variables declared in "try" in scope in "catch" or "finally"?

    - by Jon Schneider
    In C# and in Java (and possibly other languages as well), variables declared in a "try" block are not in scope in the corresponding "catch" or "finally" blocks. For example, the following code does not compile: try { String s = "test"; // (more code...) } catch { Console.Out.WriteLine(s); //Java fans: think "System.out.println" here instead } In this code, a compile-time error occurs on the reference to s in the catch block, because s is only in scope in the try block. (In Java, the compile error is "s cannot be resolved"; in C#, it's "The name 's' does not exist in the current context".) The general solution to this issue seems to be to instead declare variables just before the try block, instead of within the try block: String s; try { s = "test"; // (more code...) } catch { Console.Out.WriteLine(s); //Java fans: think "System.out.println" here instead } However, at least to me, (1) this feels like a clunky solution, and (2) it results in the variables having a larger scope than the programmer intended (the entire remainder of the method, instead of only in the context of the try-catch-finally). My question is, what were/are the rationale(s) behind this language design decision (in Java, in C#, and/or in any other applicable languages)?

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  • So you want a French Site?

    - by juanlarios
    I thought I would write a quick write up of how to create a french site in SharePoint 2007. I'm not talking about a Variation but just a plain French Site from the ground up. There were some gotchas that I felt were worth blogging about. First:  go to Microsoft Telnet Article and follow the install instructions. Make sure that when you get to the download page that you select "French" as part of the drop down and you download and install the right language pack. I noticed that if you did not click the "change" button enven though I selected the 'french' language pack, it reverted back to the english language pack.   Second: You will notice a couple of things. When you go to central admin you will see the following:    Now you can pick between french site or english. You will get this if you install other language packs and they will be listed in the drop down. You will notice that you now have french headings and frech listings of sites. You see "Publishing" as a heading because I have a custom site definition that I deployed as a french site. Third: As you start navigating around and trying to create document libraries or sites you will start getting errors. Errors like the following: "Cannot make a cache safe URL for "SelectorControls.js", file not found. Please verify that the file exists under the layouts directory. " Troubleshoot issues with Windows SharePoint Services. Once you resolve the issue with this "js" file, you will find that there are other js files that are missing. The only problem is that if you are not fluent in French or the language you are trying to deploy, Well, you'll have a tough time understanding error messages as they will all be in the new language you are trying to deploy. So let's just talk about what happened when you installed the language pack. In the 12 Hive:  12/Template    you will now see a 1033 folder and a 1036 folder. The 1036 folder is the folder that was created and added as part of the language pack. What the above error is saying is that now that it's looking at the 1036 folder, well, it's missing some files. The nice thing is that these files are included in the 1033 folder (which is the English Language Pack). Simply copy and paste the controls from the one folder to the other. There will be more than one conflict so you will have to move serveral controls over. Can't remember how many but simply add them as error messages come up. I had to add some navigation controls and some content selectors.   Now that's all that you need to install the Frech Language pack anc reate site collections that are entirely in a another language. Do not mistake this with Variations, where you can have multiple language sites. For those of you doing a little bit extra with this, let me share what I was doing extra and what I needed to get it working for me. I had had a custom site definition which was obviously not showing up in my selection of french sites. I was under the impression that all sites in English would show up in french and that the sites were simply routed to a new Resource file for french content. And that is the case but there is a little extra that needs to be done if you have a custom site definition deployed:  First: Under hive 12/Template/1033/XML  there is a listing of site definition files that are deployed to the English side of things. If you navigate to 12/Template/1036/XML  and open one of the site definitions you will see that they are similar and reference the existing site definitions installed on the server, except that they have some french added to descriptions and names. Simply copy the xml file of your custom template to the 1036 folder to have it show up as a selection when you select French as the dropdown entry when create a site colleciton. You can go ahead and change the description and name to suit the language it's under.    Second: As part of my site definition, I packaed up several list templates, that were saved as STP files. When you navigate to the list template listing, well, the templates are for English sites, not French so I cannot create document libraries based on the template. What now? well here comes KWIzCom to the rescue! They seem to have put out a "STP language converter" where you can take a site template or list template and convert it to any target language you are after. It's a free download, Use it and you're good to go.  One thing I will mention is that when I convereted the English documents I whent ahead and converted them to French-Canadien. And it didn't work! so I finally figured out that the French Version it was expecting in the french site was "French-France". Don't know why that is, it's just what needs to be done to get that working. When I did that, I was able to use the List templates that I created in the English site for the French Site.   Hope it helps , good luck!

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  • FBML tag to detect user language in a tab

    - by Pierre Olivier Martel
    I have a custom tab for a fan page that need to display a JPEG image. I have an image in English and one in French. Is there a way to detect the user locale in FBML to display the right image? I know how to do this server side using the Facebook fb_sig_locale param but I was planning on just using the Static FBML app which is much simpler than setting up a whole custom application.

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  • Assembly Language bug with space character

    - by Bobby
    Having a bit of difficulty getting my input to print once a white space character is inputted. So far, i have it to display the uppercase/lowercase of the input but once i enter a string it doesnt read whats after the white space character. any suggestions? EDIT: intel x86 processor and im using EMU8086 org 100h include 'emu8086.inc' printn "Enter string to convert" mov dx,20 call get_string printn mov bx,di mov ah,0eh mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower1 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper1 ToLower1: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop1 ToUpper1: sub al, 20h int 10h stop1: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower2 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper2 ToLower2: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop2 ToUpper2: sub al, 20h int 10h stop2: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower3 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper3 ToLower3: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop3 ToUpper3: sub al, 20h int 10h stop3: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower4 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper4 ToLower4: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop4 ToUpper4: sub al, 20h int 10h stop4: inc bx mov al,[ds+bx] cmp al, 41h cmp al, 5Ah jle ToLower5 cmp al, 61h cmp al, 7ah jle ToUpper5 ToLower5: add al, 20h int 10h jmp stop5 ToUpper5: sub al, 20h int 10h stop5: printn hlt define_get_string define_print_string end

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  • file layout and setuptools configuration for the python bit of a multi-language library

    - by dan mackinlay
    So we're writing a full-text search framework MongoDb. MongoDB is pretty much javascript-native, so we wrote the javascript library first, and it works. Now I'm trying to write a python framework for it, which will be partially in python, but partially use those same stored javascript functions - the javascript functions are an intrinsic part of the library. On the other hand, the javascript framework does not depend on python. since they are pretty intertwined it seems like it's worthwhile keeping them in the same repository. I'm trying to work out a way of structuring the whole project to give the javascript and python frameworks equal status (maybe a ruby driver or whatever in the future?), but still allow the python library to install nicely. Currently it looks like this: (simplified a little) javascript/jstest/test1.js javascript/mongo-fulltext/search.js javascript/mongo-fulltext/util.js python/docs/indext.rst python/tests/search_test.py python/tests/__init__.py python/mongofulltextsearch/__init__.py python/mongofulltextsearch/mongo_search.py python/mongofulltextsearch/util.py python/setup.py I've skipped out a few files for simplicity, but you get the general idea; it' a pretty much standard python project... except that it depends critcally ona whole bunch of javascript which is stored in a sibling directory tree. What's the preferred setup for dealing with this kind of thing when it comes to setuptools? I can work out how to use package_data etc to install data files that live inside my python project as per the setuptools docs. The problem is if i want to use setuptools to install stuff, including the javascript files from outside the python code tree, and then also access them in a consistent way when I'm developing the python code and when it is easy_installed to someone's site. Is that supported behaviour for setuptools? Should i be using paver or distutils2 or Distribute or something? (basic distutils is not an option; the whole reason I'm doing this is to enable requirements tracking) How should i be reading the contents of those files into python scripts?

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  • Language Tricks to Shorten My Java Code?

    - by yar
    I am currently rediscovering Java (working with Ruby a lot recently), and I love the compilation-time checking of everything. It makes refactoring so easy. However, I miss playing fast-and-loose with types to do an each loop. This is my worst code. Is this as short as it can be? I have a collection called looperTracks, which has instances that implement Looper. I don't want to modify that collection, but I want to iterate through its members PLUS the this (which also implements Looper). List<Looper> allLoopers = new ArrayList<Looper>(looperTracks.length + 1); for (LooperTrack track : looperTracks) { allLoopers.add(track); } allLoopers.add(this); for (Looper looper : allLoopers) { // Finally! I have a looper I'm particularly concerned about any features that are new to Java from 1.5 on that I may have missed. For this question I am not asking about JRuby nor Groovy, though I know that they would work for this. Edit: Sorry (too much Ruby!)... looperTracks is of type LooperTrack[] and LooperTrack implements Looper.

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  • AVL tree in C language

    - by I_S_W
    Hey all; i am currently doing a project that requires the use of AVL trees , the insert function i wrote for the avl does not seem to be working , it works for 3 or 4 nodes at maximum ; i would really appreciate your help The attempt is below enter code here Tree insert(Tree t,char name[80],int num) { if(t==NULL) { t=(Tree)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); if(t!=NULL) { strcpy(t->name,name); t->num=num; t->left=NULL; t->right=NULL; t->height=0; } } else if(strcmp(name,t->name)<0) { t->left=insert(t->left,name,num); if((height(t->left)-height(t->right))==2) if(strcmp(name,t->left->name)<0) { t=s_rotate_left(t);} else{ t=d_rotate_left(t);} } else if(strcmp(name,t-name)0) { t-right=insert(t-right,name,num); if((height(t-right)-height(t-left))==2) if(strcmp(name,t-right-name)0){ t=s_rotate_right(t); } else{ t=d_rotate_right(t);} } t-height=max(height(t-left),height(t-right))+1; return t; }

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  • Runtime error of TASM language help!

    - by dominoos
    .model small .stack 400h .data message db "hello. ", 0ah, 0dh, "$" firstdigit db ? seconddigit db ? thirddigit db ? number dw ? newnumber db ? anumber dw 0d bnumber dw 0d Firstn db 0ah, 0dh, "Enter first 3 digit number: ","$" secondn db 0ah, 0dh, "Enter second 3 digit number: ","$" messageB db 0ah, 0dh, "HCF of two number is: ","$" linebreaker db 0ah, 0dh, ' ', 0ah, 0dh, '$' .code Start: mov ax, @data ; establish access to the data segment mov ds, ax ; mov number, 0d mov dx, offset message ; print the string "yob choi 0648293" mov ah, 9h int 21h num: mov dx, offset Firstn ; print the string "put 1st 3 digit" mov ah, 9h int 21h ;run JMP FirstFirst ; jump to FirstFirst FirstFirst: ;first digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov firstdigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, doubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 100d ;This is so we can calculate 100*1st digit +10*2nd digit + 3rd digit mul cx ;start to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable imul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax ; the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros add anumber, ax ;save ;Second Digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov seconddigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 10d ;continue to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable mul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax, containing first digit ;the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros. add anumber, ax ;save ;third Digit mov ah, 1d ;samething as above int 21h ; mov thirddigit, al ; sub al, 30h ; cbw ; add anumber, ax ; jmp num2 ;go to checks Num2: mov dx, offset secondn ; print the string "put 2nd 3 digits" mov ah, 9h int 21h ;run JMP SecondSecond SecondSecond: ;first digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov firstdigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, doubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 100d ;This is so we can calculate 100*1st digit +10*2nd digit + 3rd digit mul cx ;start to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable imul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax ; the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros add bnumber, ax ;save ;Second Digit mov ah, 1d ;bios code for read a keystroke int 21h ;call bios, it is understood that the ascii code will be returned in al mov seconddigit, al ;may as well save a copy sub al, 30h ;Convert code to an actual integer cbw ;CONVERT BYTE TO WORD. This takes whatever number is in al and ;extends it to ax, boubling its size from 8 bits to 16 bits ;The first digit now occupies all of ax as an integer mov cx, 10d ;continue to accumulate the 3 digit number in the variable mul cx ;it is understood that the other operand is ax, containing first digit ;the result will use both dx::ax ;dx will contain only leading zeros. add bnumber, ax ;save ;third Digit mov ah, 1d ;samething as above int 21h ; mov thirddigit, al ; sub al, 30h ; cbw ; add bnumber, ax ; jmp compare ;go to compare compare: CMP ax, anumber ;comparing numbB and Number JA comp1 ;go to comp1 if anumber is bigger CMP ax, anumber ; JB comp2 ;go to comp2 if anumber is smaller CMP ax, anumber ; JE equal ;go to equal if two numbers are the same JMP compare ;go to compare (avioding error) comp1: SUB ax, anumber; subtract smaller number from bigger number JMP compare ; comp2: SUB anumber, ax; subtract smaller number from bigger number JMP compare ; equal: mov ah, 9d ;make linkbreak after the 2nd 3 digit number mov dx, offset linebreaker int 21h mov ah, 9d ;print "HCF of two number is:" mov dx, offset messageB int 21h mov ax,anumber ;copying 2nd number into ax add al,30h ; converting to ascii mov newnumber,al ; copying from low part of register into newnumb mov ah, 2d ;bios code for print a character mov dl, newnumber ;we had saved the ascii code here int 21h ;call to bios JMP exit; exit: mov ah, 4ch int 21h ;exit the program End hi, this is a program that finds highest common factor of 2 different 3digit number. if i put 200, 235,312 (low numbers) it works fine. but if i put 500, 550, 654(bigger number) the program crashes after the 2nd 3digit number is entered. can you help me to find out what problem is?

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  • OpenGL Shading Language portability

    - by Luca
    I've noticed that my GLSL shaders are not compilable when the GLSL version is lower than 130. What are the most critical elements for having a backward compatible shader source? I don't want to have a full backward compatibility, but I'd like to understand the main guidelines for having simple shaders running on GPU with GLSL lower than 130. Thank you

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  • Copy & rename file using .bat file language?

    - by flyout
    I want to make a .bat to copy & rename a file multiple times. I want to have a list of names, and an original file, then I want to copy that file and rename it for each name on the list. How I can do this using a .bat file? Also is it possible to run winrar fromthe .bat to .rar or .zip every file after copying/renaming?

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  • Teach Perl as a first language?

    - by yossale
    I need to teach a non-programmer the basics of computer programming + some basic programming skills (- He's going to be in a position between the clients and the programmers , so the company requires him to learn the basic concepts of programming). I thought of Perl - You can teach it without getting into typing and pointers and it's syntax is very close to human (precious "bless" :) ) - but I'm a bit troubled because I feel like I'm going to "spoil" him for other languages in the future (C,C++,Java - What some people call "Real" languages) - exactly because of the reasons mentioned above. What do you think?

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  • Magento started showing PHP language errors since I downloaded the blank theme using Connect

    - by Aayush
    I used the Magento Connect downloader to install the blank theme extension, but I did not switch to it as I was unable to access any-page anymore. Instead, it started showing php errors for front-end and Magento generated security errors for admin. Frontend Error: Fatal error: Call to a member function toHtml() on a non-object in D:\xampp\htdocs\newpinch\app\code\core\Mage\Core\Model\Layout.php on line 529 Admin error on Log-in: There has been an error processing your request Exception printing is disabled by default for security reasons. Error log record number: 1608724822 Link to the theme extension I installed. I didn't even change the theme from the default, can anyone please tell me what am I doing wrong. I just installed the theme and then clicked on "Return to admin" in Magento Connect but it was unable to go instead started refreshed the Magento Connect page, only this time without any CSS styling. The only page that still appears correctly is the admin log-in page. Please help me, I have already tried the forums at magentocommerce.com and their community sucks. 0 views & 0 replies. please help...

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  • A Scripting language for XNA

    - by RCIX
    I've written a game engine, which i want to integrate scripting into. However, i've looked at the available choices, which seem to be the following: Xnua Jint Managed Scripting The problems with those are (respectively): Built for XNA 1 -- there's an XNA 3.1 port but it's under the Apache license which i'm not sure is compatible with our goals (and it has a bit obtuse syntax) Appears to not properly use type-safe objects (e.g. ArrayList over generics) Is in beta, and only runs on XNA 3.0 So, to summarize my specific needs (in order of importance most to least): Needs to run on XNA 3.1 Needs to run on the XBox and Windows Should have a relatively simple API -- something closer to Jint's than Xnua's preferably uses Lua, C#, or similar languages Must be commercially sellable -- if some form of credit is needed, then that's fine. Are there any scripting solutions that meet my needs, or will i have to (eventually) roll my own?

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  • Looking for an HQL builder (Hibernate Query Language)

    - by Sébastien RoccaSerra
    I'm looking for a builder for HQL in Java. I want to get rid of things like: StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder() .append("select stock from ") .append( Stock.class.getName() ) .append( " as stock where stock.id = ") .append( id ); I'd rather have something like: HqlBuilder builder = new HqlBuilder() .select( "stock" ) .from( Stock.class.getName() ).as( "stock" ) .where( "stock.id" ).equals( id ); I googled a bit, and I couldn't find one. I wrote a quick & dumb HqlBuilder that suits my needs for now, but I'd love to find one that has more users and tests than me alone. Note: I'd like to be able to do things like this and more, which I failed to do with the Criteria API: select stock from com.something.Stock as stock, com.something.Bonus as bonus where stock.someValue = bonus.id ie. select all stocks whose property someValue points to any bonus from the Bonus table. Thanks!

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  • Is there a compiled* programming language with dynamic, maybe even weak typing?

    - by sub
    I wondered if there is a programming language which compiles to machine code/binary (not bytecode then executed by a VM, that's something completely different when considering typing) that features dynamic and/or weak typing, e.g: Think of a compiled language where: Variables don't need to be declared Variables can be created doing runtime Functions can return values of different types Questions: Is there such a programming language? (Why) not? I think that a dynamically yet strong typed, compiled language would really sense, but is it possible?

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