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• Is there a reasonable way to attach new path to PATH in bashrc?

  - by Ripley

  Guys I constantly need to attach new paths to the PATH environment variable in .bashrc, like below: export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH Then to make it take effect, I always do 'source ~/.bashrc' or '. ~/.bashrc', while I found one shortcoming of doing so which make me uncomfortable. If I keep doing so, the PATH will getting longer and longer with many duplicated entries, for example in the previous command, if I source it twice, the value of PATH will be PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH(<-the original path). Is there a more decent way to attach new path to PATH in bashrc without making it ugly?

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• How do I program using cat?

  - by Sparragus

  In this xkcd comic: they mention that real programmers use cat. Well, I was asking myself: how could you program using the cat command?

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• Basic Google search using a shell script

  - by Lri

  Something like this but using just basic shell scripting: #!/usr/bin/env python import urllib import json base = 'http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/services/search/web?v=1.0&' query = urllib.urlencode({'q' : "something"}) response = urllib.urlopen(base + query).read() data = json.loads(response) print data['responseData']['results'][0]['url'] Any more convenient alternatives to ajax.googleapis.com? If not, how should you encode the URL and parse JSON?

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• Merge two text files at a specific location, sed or awk.

  - by S1syphus

  I have two text files, I want to place a text in the middle of another, I did some research and found information about adding single strings: I have a comment in the second text file called STUFFGOESHERE, so I tried: sed '/^STUFFGOESHERE/a file1.txt' file2.txt sed: 1: "/^STUFFGOESHERE/a long.txt": command a expects \ followed by text So I tried something different, trying to place the contents of the text based on a given line, but no luck. Any ideas?

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• Backup of folder + database - Python

  - by RadiantHex

  Hi there, I feel like this is quite delicate, I have various folders whith projects I would like to backup into a zip/tar file, but would like to avoid backing up files such as pyc files and temporary files. I also have a Postgres db I need to backup. Any tips for running this operation as a python script? Also, would there be anyway to stop the process from hogging resources in the process? Help would be very much appreciated.

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• How can I get `find` to ignore .svn directories?

  - by John Kugelman

  I often use the find command to search through source code, delete files, whatever. Annoyingly, because Subversion stores duplicates of each file in its .svn/text-base/ directories my simple searches end up getting lots of duplicate results. For example, I want to recursively search for uint in multiple messages.h and messages.cpp files: # find -name 'messages.*' -exec grep -Iw uint {} + ./messages.cpp: Log::verbose << "Discarding out of date message: id " << uint(olderMessage.id) ./messages.cpp: Log::verbose << "Added to send queue: " << *message << ": id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./messages.cpp: Log::error << "Received message with invalid SHA-1 hash: id " << uint(incomingMessage.id) ./messages.cpp: Log::verbose << "Received " << *message << ": id " << uint(incomingMessage.id) ./messages.cpp: Log::verbose << "Sent message: id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./messages.cpp: Log::verbose << "Discarding unsent message: id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./messages.cpp: for (uint i = 0; i < 10 && !_stopThreads; ++i) { ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::verbose << "Discarding out of date message: id " << uint(olderMessage.id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::verbose << "Added to send queue: " << *message << ": id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::error << "Received message with invalid SHA-1 hash: id " << uint(incomingMessage.id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::verbose << "Received " << *message << ": id " << uint(incomingMessage.id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::verbose << "Sent message: id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: Log::verbose << "Discarding unsent message: id " << uint(preparedMessage->id) ./.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base: for (uint i = 0; i < 10 && !_stopThreads; ++i) { ./virus/messages.cpp:void VsMessageProcessor::_progress(const string &fileName, uint scanCount) ./virus/messages.cpp:ProgressMessage::ProgressMessage(const string &fileName, uint scanCount) ./virus/messages.h: void _progress(const std::string &fileName, uint scanCount); ./virus/messages.h: ProgressMessage(const std::string &fileName, uint scanCount); ./virus/messages.h: uint _scanCount; ./virus/.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base:void VsMessageProcessor::_progress(const string &fileName, uint scanCount) ./virus/.svn/text-base/messages.cpp.svn-base:ProgressMessage::ProgressMessage(const string &fileName, uint scanCount) ./virus/.svn/text-base/messages.h.svn-base: void _progress(const std::string &fileName, uint scanCount); ./virus/.svn/text-base/messages.h.svn-base: ProgressMessage(const std::string &fileName, uint scanCount); ./virus/.svn/text-base/messages.h.svn-base: uint _scanCount; How can I tell find to ignore the .svn directories?

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• Find directories not containing a specific directory

  - by Morgan ARR Allen

  Been searching around for a bit and cannot find a solution for this one. I guess I'm looking for a leaf-directory by name. In this example I'd like to get a list of directories call 'modules' that do NOT have a subdirectory called module. modules/package1/modules/spackage1 modules/package1/modules/spackage2 modules/package1/modules/spackage3/modules modules/package1/modules/spackage3/modules/spackage1 modules/package2/modules/ The list I desire would contain modules/package1/modules/spackage3/modules/ modules/package2/modules/ All the directories named module that do not have a subdirectory called module I started with trying something this with no luck find . -name modules \! -exec sh -c 'find -name modules' \; -exec works on exit code, okay lets pass the count as exit code find . -name modules -exec sh -c 'exit $(find {} -name modules|grep -n ""|tail -n1|cut -d: -f1)' \; This should take the count of each subdirectory called modules and exit with it. No such love.

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• Need help with shell script

  - by via-point

  I am a total newbie to Shell Scripting so please bear with me. I need to create a shell script called script1 that will calculate and then display letter grade of ABC2345. Read in the following grades from keyboard: Assignments 40% Test1 15% Test2 15% Final exam 30% Calculate and display the number grade using the weight of each factor above Convert the number grade to letter grade using the table below: Number Grade Letter Grade 90 - 100 A+ 85 - 89 A 80 - 84 77 - 79 B+ 73 - 76 B 70 - 72 B- 67 - 69 C+ 63 - 66 C 60 - 62 C- 57 - 59 D+ 53 - 56 D 50 - 52 D- 0 - 49 F Any help would be appreciated :) Thank you!

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• cd Terminal at a given directory after running a Python script?

  - by Dave Everitt

  I'm working on a simple Python script that can use subprocess and/or os to execute some commands, which is working fine. However, when the script exits I'd like to cd the actual Terminal (in this case OS X) so on exit, the new files are ready to use in the directory where the have been created. All the following (subprocess.Popen, os.system, os.chdir) can do what I want from within the script (i.e. they execute stuff in the target directory) but on exit leave the Terminal at the script's own directory, not the target directory. I'd like to avoid writing a shell script to temporary file just to achieve this, if this is at all possible anyway?

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• Use the output of a command as input of the next command

  - by r2b2

  so i call this php script from the command line : /usr/bin/php /var/www/bims/index.php "projects/output" and it's output is : file1 file2 file3 What I would like to do is get this output and feed to the "rm" command but i think im not doing it right : /usr/bin/php /var/www/bims/index.php "projects/output" | rm My goal is to delete whatever file names the php script outputs. What should be the proper way to do this? Thanks!

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• Shell Script- each unique user

  - by Dinis Monteiro

  Hi guys I need "for each unique user, report which group they are a member of and when they last logged in" so i have: #!/bin/sh echo "Your initial login:" who | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort | uniq echo "Now is logged:" whoami echo "Group ID:" id -G $whoami case $1 in "-l") last -Fn 10 | tr -s " " ;; *) last -Fn 10 | tr -s " " | egrep -v '(^reboot)|(^$)|(^wtmp a)|(^ftp)' | cut -d" " -f1,5,7 | sort -uM | uniq -c esac My question is: how i can show the each unique user? the script above only show the more recent user logged in the system, but i need all unique users. anyone can help? thanks

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• recursive directory svn move shell script

  - by yaya3

  I want to rename all nested directories named "foo" to "bar" - I've tried the following with no joy: find */ -name 'foo' | xargs svn move {} 'bar' \; Thanks

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• how to read rows?

  - by lego69

  I'm trying to read first row from the file > source ./rank file using this script set line = ($<) but when I enter echo $line I receive nothing, how can I change it? thanks in advance

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• Give the mount point of a path

  - by Charles Stewart

  The following, very non-robust shell code will give the mount point of $path: (for i in $(df|cut -c 63-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done) | tail -n 1 Is there a better way to do this? Postscript This script is really awful, but has the redeeming quality that it Works On My Systems. Note that several mount points may be prefixes of $path. Examples On a Linux system: cas@txtproof:~$ path=/sys/block/hda1 cas@txtproof:~$ for i in $(df -a|cut -c 57-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done| tail -1 /sys On a Mac osx system cas local$ path=/dev/fd/0 cas local$ for i in $(df -a|cut -c 63-99); do case $path in $i*) echo $i;; esac; done| tail -1 /dev Note the need to vary cut's parameters, because of the way df's output differs: indeed, awk is better. Answer It looks like munging tabular output is the only way within the shell, but df /dev/fd/impossible | tail -1 | awk '{ print $NF}' is a big improvement on what I had. Note two differences in semantics: firstly, df $path insists that $path names an existing file, the script I had above doesn't care; secondly, there are no worries about dereferncing symlinks. It's not difficult to write Python code to do the job.

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• How can I quickly sum all numbers in a file?

  - by Mark Roberts

  I have a file which contains several thousand numbers, each on it's own line: 34 42 11 6 2 99 ... I'm looking to write a script which will print the sum of all numbers in the file. I've got a solution, but it's not very efficient. (It takes several minutes to run.) I'm looking for a more efficient solution. Any suggestions?

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• remsh rsh error redirect problem

  - by soField

  using following command on hp-ux remsh opera -l myuser crontab -l /opt1/exp_opera_crontab 2/opt/a.log and when i echo $? i get 0 because its executing crontab -l on remote machine but i dont have opt1 directory so export wont be copied to my local machine in /opt1/exp_opera_crontab i dont get any error about this when i run this remsh or rsh command is there any way to identify both of remote and local machine related errors and redirecting them into my local machine ?

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• Find all writable files in the current directory

  - by Andrei

  I want to quickly identify all writable files in the directory. What is the quick way to do it?

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• How to pass a variable to an awk print parameter...

  - by Jamie

  I'm trying extract the nth + 1 and nth + 3 columns from a file. This is what tried, which is a useful pseudo code: for i in {1..100} ; do awk -F "," " { printf \"%3d, %12.3f, %12.3f\\n\", \$1, \$($i+1), \$($i+3) } " All_Runs.csv > Run-$i.csv which, obviously doesn't work (but it seemed reasonable to hope). How can I do this?

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• How to generate changelog: git log since last Hudson build?

  - by takeshin

  I'm using Phing to do post build tasks in Hudson. I want to generate changelog containing all commits since last successful Hudson build. But looks like neither Hudson nor Git plugin for Hudson does not provide %last_build_time% variable. This would be satisfying solution, (but how to get the time?): git log --pretty="%s" --since="%last_build_time%" The only way I see for now is extracting it from the job xml file, but I do not know if it is possible with Phing. How do you generate your change logs?

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• What is this project/compilation source structure?

  - by Werner

  Hi, I am working on some project my boss sent to me. After unzipping, this is the structure of the files: executable_file config.mk doc include lib Makefile sources I have only worked with "usual" Makefile projects. But I do not undersatnd the meaning of config.mk here. Do you know which kind of "build" structure (what is the right name for this concept?) is it, and where can i find more information about this? I need to modify it, so it compiles in another hardware, so I do not know where I sohuld work on. Thanks

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• Add zip files from one archive to another using command line

  - by Curious2learn

  I have two zip archives. Say, set1 has 10 csv files created using Mac OS X 10.5.8 compress option, and set2 has 4 csv files similarly created. I want to take the 4 files from zipped archive set2 and add them to list of files in archive set1. Is there a way I can do that? I tried the following in Terminal: zip set1.zip set2.zip This adds the whole archive set2.zip to set1.zip, i.e., in set1.zip now I have: file1.csv, file2.csv,..., file10.csv, set2.zip What I instead want is: file1.csv, file2.csv,..., file10.csv, file11.csv, ..., file14.csv where, set2.zip is the archive containing file11.csv, ..., file14.csv. Thanks.

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• How to order a ls output by suffix?

  - by Luca Borrione

  Having a ls output like GGGG_3.0.3_98/ GGGG_3.0.3_d_100/ GGGG_3.0.3_d_101/ GGGG_3.0.3_d_99/ GGGG_3.0.4_104/ GGGG_3.0.4_105/ GGGG_3.0.4_106/ GGGG_3.0_87/ GGGG_3.0_89/ GGGG_3.0_90/ GGGG_3.0_91/ GGGG_3.0_92/ GGGG_3.0_93/ SSS_2.2.3_01/ SSS_2.2.3_02/ SSS_2.2.3_03/ TTT_2.8.3_29/ how to get the elements ordered by suffix? Also, is there any quick command I can use to know that 106 is the last suffix in this example? Sorry: it wasn't clear that "the suffix" in the given example is everything following the final underscore.

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• what does < < mean in the shell

  - by stib

  when looping recursively through folders with files containing spaces the shell script I use is of this form, copied from the internet: while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' file; do dosomethingwith "$file" # do something with each file done < <(find /bar -name *foo* -print0) I think I understand he IFS bit, but I don't understand what the < < characters mean. Obviously there's some sort of piping going on here.. It's very hard to google "< <", you see. TIA -stib

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• Socket left in TIME_WAIT after file transfer via netcat

  - by com

  Using Copying by NetCat I am trying to copy files throught network by NetCat. From console it work pretty well. First I run listening netcat on the destination machine and after I run sending on source machine. The problem is it's doen't work from script from the source machine: ssh -f user@$desthost 'nc -l 1234 | tar xvf - /dev/null &' #listening on destination host tar cv /tmp/file | nc $desthost 1234 #sending to destination host I saw that after running port 1234 is still was open and status of the socket was TIME_WAIT. If you know what's the problem, please, help me out. And by the way, after copying how can I validate that the content is identical? Thanks! Addendum: I found one very strange thing, the same implementation with screen on destination work works, but not stable, sometimes it doesn't copy a file. ssh user@$desthost screen -dm -S test 'nc -l 1234 | tar xvf - ' #listening on destination host Maybe there is an issue with timeout?

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• List and Remove directories in an archive

  - by Tim

  I wonder how to list the content and remove some directories in an archive file? For example, I have an archive file data.tar. I would like to list its content without extracting it. I also would like to remove some directories inside it matching "*/count1000" Thanks and regards!

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