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  • Is there a usage count for packages or programs?

    - by math
    Motivation: I want to remove applications I do not use to speed up my package processing tasks like dist upgrades, regular updates, but also for saving disk space and other reasons. I know this is a complex topic so first I will ask my question and second I will give some answers I already found out. Question: How do I find out which package I did not used at all? For example I always use the VLC so I could remove totem package. (Which I could have been used some day, yes.) Of course package dependencies could force me to have programs installed which I will never use. Notes: Find the packages which consume much space via synaptic: Select "Status" in lower left, select "Installed" in upper left, sort column on "size" in upper right. Then you can decide which big packages you really need. Use aptitude autoremove Use ubuntu-tweak's Janitor for removing old kernel packages, old configs, apt-cache entries, etc. Manually search for applications for a given task that you usually solve with your standard app. E.g. Movie player, Music player, Office program, Browser etc. (BTW: this is what I want to be helped with my question) When removing packages I always favour "apt-get purge" over "aptitude remove --purge" as aptitude often will also remove essential packages due to package dependencies. E.g. when removing "evolution" (as I use thunderbird) aptitude wants to remove also "ubuntu-desktop" and 756 other packages as well, while apt-get just removes evolution and its helping pacakges like evolution-common. Ubuntu lense gives me most recent used applications which are candidates for keeping :) Employ deborphan as I read in this related answer: How do I clean up my harddrive? I should certainly keep essential packages: Keep only essential packages This question is pretty much a duplicate of How to see what installed packages I have never used for cleaning purposes but covering only few aspects. However one answer suggests to use a program called unusedpkg but the link seems down. There is also a program called Kleen http://code.google.com/p/kleen/ but it won't compile in 11.10. However I hacked it to compile but the results are unusable, as for example the g++ package was marked as not used for 203, but actually I used it seconds ago for compiling Kleen itself ;) So don't use this tool. On http://wiki.debian.org/DebianPackageInformation I read the the package popularity-contest will produce log files with usage statistics. Unfortunately I didn't enabled the popularity contest so I can't find this log file.

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  • "sudo apt -get install foo-" causes removing foo package and everything depends on it

    - by M.Elmi
    While working in command prompt, I accidentally typed following command: sudo apt-get install python3- and ubuntu started removing python3 and everything depends on it (including firefox and much more). Fortunately I closed that terminal immediately and reverted everything by checking dpkg log file, but I was wondering why an install command should act like remove? Is it a bug? Consider the situation that you are looking for a package name (pressing Tab twice) and going through possibilities by pressing Enter key and those Enter keys remain in the keyboard buffer and.... youhaaaa... apt-get is removing the entire installation in front of your eyes.

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  • "ztemtvcdromd: no process found" when removing crossplatformui

    - by ekaki.sam
    When I am doing sudo apt-get update or sudo apt-get install (any software) then this is showing in terminal Extracting templates from packages: 100% (Reading database ... 146237 files and directories currently installed.) Removing crossplatformui ... ztemtvcdromd: no process found dpkg: error processing crossplatformui (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: crossplatformui E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

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  • How can I find out which user deleted a directory?

    - by Rob S.
    My Ubuntu server has about roughly 30 active users on it. I personally know everyone using the server. Recently, a few friends and I were working on project. We made a new directory for the project and since everyone knows everyone we didn't bother protecting our work under a bunch of permissions. We should have though, because we woke up this morning to find that someone removed our entire directory. Our work is backed up every night so it's really not a big deal to restore our work. However, we would like to find out who removed it so we can confront them. So far the best thing we've come up with for finding our culprit is checking everyone's bash history but this is long and tedious and chances are that if there was a malicious intent behind the directory removal that our culprit probably modified theirs to cover their tracks (or of course they might use a different shell). So, basically, what is the easiest and quickest way to find out who deleted a directory? Thanks in advance for your time.

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  • why i failed to build rtorrent?

    - by hugemeow
    i am not root, so i have to build rtorrent from source and hope to install it in my home directory, but failed, why? [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ ls AUTHORS autogen.sh ChangeLog configure.ac COPYING doc INSTALL Makefile.am NEWS rak README scripts src test [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ ./autogen.sh aclocal... aclocal:configure.ac:7: warning: macro `AM_PATH_CPPUNIT' not found in library autoheader... libtoolize... using libtoolize automake... configure.ac: installing `./install-sh' configure.ac: installing `./missing' src/Makefile.am: installing `./depcomp' autoconf... configure.ac:7: error: possibly undefined macro: AM_PATH_CPPUNIT If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow. See the Autoconf documentation. though autoge failed, configure script is created. [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ ls aclocal.m4 autogen.sh ChangeLog config.h.in configure COPYING doc install-sh Makefile.am missing rak scripts test AUTHORS autom4te.cache config.guess config.sub configure.ac depcomp INSTALL ltmain.sh Makefile.in NEWS README src run configure, and fail for syntax error near unexpected token `1.9.6', what's wrong? what i should do in order to build this rtorrent for my centos? [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ ./configure checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether build environment is sane... yes checking for gawk... gawk checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes ./configure: line 2016: syntax error near unexpected token `1.9.6' ./configure: line 2016: `AM_PATH_CPPUNIT(1.9.6)' [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ git branch * master [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ git branch -a * master remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master remotes/origin/c++11 remotes/origin/master [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ git tag 0.9.0 0.9.1 [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ git clean -dfx Removing Makefile.in Removing aclocal.m4 Removing autom4te.cache/ Removing config.guess Removing config.h.in Removing config.log Removing config.sub Removing configure Removing depcomp Removing doc/Makefile.in Removing install-sh Removing ltmain.sh Removing missing Removing src/Makefile.in Removing src/core/Makefile.in Removing src/display/Makefile.in Removing src/input/Makefile.in Removing src/rpc/Makefile.in Removing src/ui/Makefile.in Removing src/utils/Makefile.in Removing test/Makefile.in Edit 1: details about libtool and libtools [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ libtoolize --version libtoolize (GNU libtool) 1.5.22 Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. [mirror@hugemeow rtorrent]$ libtool --version ltmain.sh (GNU libtool) 1.5.22 (1.1220.2.365 2005/12/18 22:14:06) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

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  • Removing .html and index.html from URL

    - by James Turner
    I'm having some problems trying to Remove the .html extension from URLs Removing 'index.html' from an URL 1) To remove the extension I have tried using this in my htaccess file. RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.html -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.html However when I click links in my HTML such as <a href="abcde.html"></a> it doesn't remove the .html from the URL and I am left with www.website.com/abcde.html 2) I tried using this to remove the index.html RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} \/index\.(php|html)\ HTTP [NC] RewriteRule (.*)index\.(php|html)$ /$1 [R=301,L] But when I load an index.html file on my server, my URL looks something like this www.website.com/folder// I am left with an extra / at the end. Can anyone help me out?

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  • Removing a File Association

    - by Anthony Trudeau
    I found a rather simple way to remove a file association (default program) tonight that I thought others might find useful.  I found it after discovering that Windows 7 doesn't provide a straight-forward way of removing an association.Windows 7 provides a nice interface in the Control Panel for changing associations (Programs > Default Programs > Set Associations), but once you have one you cannot get rid of it.  The Registry is an obvious choice, because that's where the associations are stored.  In fact, the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT hive has the association, but there is also a key you need to delete somewhere in the HKEY_CURRENT_USER hive.Doing a little poking around, I discovered a command line program called ASSOC that'll do it.  And typing HELP ASSOC confirms that it was what I was looking for.  The solution to my problem turned out to be as simple as typing ASSOC .BIN="" on the command line.

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  • cannot boot Ubuntu after removing packages?

    - by Ayman
    I have problem now with booting into Ubuntu because I removed some packages from package manager and its dependencies by mistake. After I saw desktop removing applications one by one and the theme starting to disappear. After I tried to restart the login, I tried to fix it usinh recovery mode but it's not working. I am sure there are important packages removed, the problem is that I have no backup for my files .. Also, I need my firefox stored passwords. , I tried to boot to Ubuntu live CD but files encrypted in home folder and no access to it !! is there away to access it ?

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  • want help in removing packages

    - by mubarak pathan
    I'm using ubuntu 13.10 alongside w-7. I was tring to solve over heating problem. then by mistakely i install 2 packages from s/w center. when I boot up PC next time it is giving me error like that "system is running in low graphics.. " and I'mm not ablle to boot any more. when I checked newly install packages by command "cat /var/log/dpkg.log | grep "\install\"" then I found they are named as, ebtables:amd64 2.0.10.4-2ubuntu2 and ureadahead:amd64 0.100.0-16 I triend removing those packages by command "sudo ap-get remove ebtables:amd64" but it is giving error... so please buddy help me if u can ..

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  • Removing surrounding noises from voice recording

    - by Peak Reconstruction Wavelength
    I have a wave file whose frequency spectrum looks like this. http://i.stack.imgur.com/2rRaS.png It contains audio, which I want to keep while removing the rest. The problem is that the surround noise changes, just those distinct voice patterns remain. I marked the voice patterns for clarity: http://i.stack.imgur.com/eLkBl.png What could an algorithm look like / a workflow in adobe audition look like that removes everything but the voice patterns? I think that the main characteristic is the line-shaped form over time. Loudness alone is not enough as the noise is loud aswell.

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  • Removing unnecessary joomla CMS components

    - by Gaz_Edge
    Background I have been developing a web application. I have been using Joomla platform and CMS as the base from my application. My application relies heavily on the joomla platform, but uses very few features of the CMS (I have to login users etc so I use the _users component of the CMS). Question What is the best way to start removing some of the excess CMS that I don't need? For example when I being building my production site, I will want to avoid creating a load of joomla component database tables etc. I have read that an application can be build from the ground up using just the joomla platform, but i still want to include the _users component and would also like to avoid having to start coding all the session handling aspects. Any advice?

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  • BizTalk - Removing BAM Activities and Views using bm.exe

    - by Stuart Brierley
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/StuartBrierley/archive/2013/10/16/biztalk---removing-bam-activities-and-views-using-bm.exe.aspxOn the project I am currently working on, we are making quite extensive use of BAM within our growing number of BizTalk applications, all of which are being deployed and undeployed using the excellent Deployment Framework for BizTalk 5.0.Recently I had an issue where problems on the build server had left the target development servers in a state where the BAM activities and views for a particular application were not being removed by the undeploy process and unfortunately the definition in the solution had changed meaning that I could not easily recreate the file from source control.  To get around this I used the bm.exe application from the command line to manually remove the problem BAM artifacts - bm.exe can be found at the following path:C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft BizTalk Server 2010\TrackingC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft BizTalk Server 2010\TrackingStep1 :Get the BAM Definition FileRun the following command to get the BAm definition file, containing the details of all the activities, views and alerts:bm.exe get-defxml -FileName:{Path and File Name Here}.xmlStep 2: Remove the BAM ArtifactsAt this stage I chose to manually remove each of my problem BAM activities and views using seperate command line calls.  By looking in the definition file I could see the names of the activities and views that I wanted to remove and then use the following commands to remove first the views and then the activities:bm.exe remove-view -name:{viewname}bm.exe remove-activity -name:{activityname}

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  • Removing 301 redirect from site root

    - by Jon Clements
    I'm having a look at a friends website (a fairly old PHP based one) which they've been advised needs re-structuring. The key points being: URLs should be lower case and more "friendly". The root of the domain should be not be re-directed. The first point I'm happy with (and the URLs needed tidying up anyway) and have a draft plan of action, however the second is baffling me as to not only the best way to do it, but also whether it should be done. Currently http://www.example.com/ is redirected to http://www.example.com/some-link-with-keywords/ using the follow index.php in the root of the Apache2 instance. <?php $nextpage = "some-link-with-keywords/"; header( "HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently" ); header( "Status: 301 Moved Permanently" ); header("Location: $nextpage"); exit(0); // This is Optional but suggested, to avoid any accidental output ?> As far as I'm aware, this has been the case for around three years -- and I'm sorely tempted to advise to not worry about it. It would appear taking off the 301 could: Potentially affect page ranking (as the 'homepage' would disappear - although it couldn't disappear because of the next point...) Introduce maintainance issues as existing users would still have the re-directed page in their cache Following the above, introduce duplicate content Confuse Google/other SE's as to what the homepage actually is now I may be over-analysing this but I have a feeling it's not as simple as removing the 301 from the root, and 301'ing the previous target to the root... Any suggestions (including it's not worth it) are sincerely appreciated.

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  • Removing spam external links after pharma hack?

    - by Beatchef
    Back in February my work's site was attacked by a pharma hack at the shared hosting end. I managed to find the placed file and the reference to run it in one of our files. I deleted this file, deleted and redownloaded all of the plugins and themes and reinstalled Wordpress. However I could never find the database entries no matter what I have read up on. Searching for known entries or for drug names backwards etc. On the Google and Bing end I have managed to deny and delete the entries and cache of most if not all of the bad links that the hack managed to instantly SEO to death (why don't these guys work legit and make more money?) However the one thing that is remaining is external links on the homepage that are invisible except when the site is viewed in google cache or scanned with unmaskparasites.com (and says that the external links are safe even though they're obviously not!). http://www.UnmaskParasites.com/security-report/?page=kmcharityteam.co.uk All sorts of website scans say there's nothing wrong with it and I can't find the source of the links in the header or footer or anywhere in the theme. I've searched for the links in the database but no use there either and they change every day so really I'd have to be looking for a generator? Does anybody have any advice or a solution for removing these links? Thanks!

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  • Who keeps removing that file?

    - by mgerdts
    Over the years, I've had many times when some file gets removed and there's no obvious culprit.  With dtrace, it is somewhat easy to figure out:  #! /usr/sbin/dtrace -wqs syscall::unlinkat:entry /cleanpath(copyinstr(arg1)) == "/dev/null"/ {         stop();         printf("%s[%d] stopped before removing /dev/null\n", execname, pid);         system("ptree %d; pstack %d", pid, pid); } That script will stop the process trying to remove /dev/null before it does it.  You can allow it to continue by restarting (unstopping?) the command with prun(1) or killing it with kill -9.  If you want the command to continue automatically after getting the ptree and pstack output, you can add "; prun %d" and another pid argument to the system() call.

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  • Removing ocurrances of characters in a string

    - by DmainEvent
    I am reading this book, programming Interviews exposed by John Wiley and sons and in chapter 6 they are discussing removing all instances of characters in a src string using a removal string... so removeChars(string str, string remove) In there writeup they sey the steps to accomplish this are to have a boolean lookup array with all values initially set to false, then loop through each character in remove setting the corresponding value in the lookup array to true (note: this could also be a hash if the possible character set where huge like Unicode-16 or something like that or if str and remove are both relatively small... < 100 characters I suppose). You then iterate through the str with a source and destination index, copying each character only if its corresponding value in the lookup array is false... Which makes sense... I don't understand the code that they use however... They have for(src = 0; src < len; ++src){ flags[r[src]] == true; } which is turning the flag value at the remove string indexed at src to true... so if you start out with PLEASE HELP as your str and LEA as your remove you will be setting in your flag table at 0,1,2... t|t|t but after that you will get an out of bounds exception because r doesn't have have anything greater than 2 in it... even using there example you get an out of bounds exception... Am is there code example unworkable?

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  • Removing hard-coded values and defensive design vs YAGNI

    - by Ben Scott
    First a bit of background. I'm coding a lookup from Age - Rate. There are 7 age brackets so the lookup table is 3 columns (From|To|Rate) with 7 rows. The values rarely change - they are legislated rates (first and third columns) that have stayed the same for 3 years. I figured that the easiest way to store this table without hard-coding it is in the database in a global configuration table, as a single text value containing a CSV (so "65,69,0.05,70,74,0.06" is how the 65-69 and 70-74 tiers would be stored). Relatively easy to parse then use. Then I realised that to implement this I would have to create a new table, a repository to wrap around it, data layer tests for the repo, unit tests around the code that unflattens the CSV into the table, and tests around the lookup itself. The only benefit of all this work is avoiding hard-coding the lookup table. When talking to the users (who currently use the lookup table directly - by looking at a hard copy) the opinion is pretty much that "the rates never change." Obviously that isn't actually correct - the rates were only created three years ago and in the past things that "never change" have had a habit of changing - so for me to defensively program this I definitely shouldn't store the lookup table in the application. Except when I think YAGNI. The feature I am implementing doesn't specify that the rates will change. If the rates do change, they will still change so rarely that maintenance isn't even a consideration, and the feature isn't actually critical enough that anything would be affected if there was a delay between the rate change and the updated application. I've pretty much decided that nothing of value will be lost if I hard-code the lookup, and I'm not too concerned about my approach to this particular feature. My question is, as a professional have I properly justified that decision? Hard-coding values is bad design, but going to the trouble of removing the values from the application seems to violate the YAGNI principle. EDIT To clarify the question, I'm not concerned about the actual implementation. I'm concerned that I can either do a quick, bad thing, and justify it by saying YAGNI, or I can take a more defensive, high-effort approach, that even in the best case ultimately has low benefits. As a professional programmer does my decision to implement a design that I know is flawed simply come down to a cost/benefit analysis?

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  • Error while removing the new kernel 2.6.37

    - by Tarek
    Hi! I tried to install the new kernel but something went wrong and I'm trying to remove it now. The error massege is: mhd@Tarek-Laptop:~$ sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 9 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 111MB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 188780 files and directories currently installed.) Removing linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 2.6.37-020637-generic /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.37-020637-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 2.6.37-020637-generic /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.37-020637-generic /etc/default/grub: 33: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic.postrm line 328. dpkg: error processing linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) The previous unsloved error is on this bug. This is my grub configuration file: # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` RUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset video=uvesafb:mode_option=1024x768-24,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap" video=uvesafb:mode_option=>>1024x768-24<<,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" vga=792 splash" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768-24 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" thank you for answering.

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  • Removing the XML Formatter from ASP.NET Web API Applications

    - by Rick Strahl
    ASP.NET Web API's default output format is supposed to be JSON, but when I access my Web APIs using the browser address bar I'm always seeing an XML result instead. When working on AJAX application I like to test many of my AJAX APIs with the browser while working on them. While I can't debug all requests this way, GET requests are easy to test in the browser especially if you have JSON viewing options set up in your various browsers. If I preview a Web API request in most browsers I get an XML response like this: Why is that? Web API checks the HTTP Accept headers of a request to determine what type of output it should return by looking for content typed that it has formatters registered for. This automatic negotiation is one of the great features of Web API because it makes it easy and transparent to request different kinds of output from the server. In the case of browsers it turns out that most send Accept headers that look like this (Chrome in this case): Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Web API inspects the entire list of headers from left to right (plus the quality/priority flag q=) and tries to find a media type that matches its list of supported media types in the list of formatters registered. In this case it matches application/xml to the Xml formatter and so that's what gets returned and displayed. To verify that Web API indeed defaults to JSON output by default you can open the request in Fiddler and pop it into the Request Composer, remove the application/xml header and see that the output returned comes back in JSON instead. An accept header like this: Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,*/*;q=0.9 or leaving the Accept header out altogether should give you a JSON response. Interestingly enough Internet Explorer 9 also displays JSON because it doesn't include an application/xml Accept header: Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */* which for once actually seems more sensible. Removing the XML Formatter We can't easily change the browser Accept headers (actually you can by delving into the config but it's a bit of a hassle), so can we change the behavior on the server? When working on AJAX applications I tend to not be interested in XML results and I always want to see JSON results at least during development. Web API uses a collection of formatters and you can go through this list and remove the ones you don't want to use - in this case the XmlMediaTypeFormatter. To do this you can work with the HttpConfiguration object and the static GlobalConfiguration object used to configure it: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Action based routing (used for RPC calls) RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "StockApi", routeTemplate: "stocks/{action}/{symbol}", defaults: new { symbol = RouteParameter.Optional, controller = "StockApi" } ); // WebApi Configuration to hook up formatters and message handlers RegisterApis(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); } public static void RegisterApis(HttpConfiguration config) { // remove default Xml handler var matches = config.Formatters .Where(f = f.SupportedMediaTypes .Where(m = m.MediaType.ToString() == "application/xml" || m.MediaType.ToString() == "text/xml") .Count() 0) .ToList() ; foreach (var match in matches) config.Formatters.Remove(match); } } That LINQ code is quite a mouthful of nested collections, but it does the trick to remove the formatter based on the content type. You can also look for the specific formatter (XmlMediatTypeFormatter) by its type name which is simpler, but it's better to search for the supported types as this will work even if there are other custom formatters added. Once removed, now the browser request results in a JSON response: It's a simple solution to a small debugging task that's made my life easier. Maybe you find it useful too…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api  ASP.NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Removing old kernel entries in Grub

    - by To Do
    I regularly delete old kernels leaving only the latest two entries using Synaptic. I'm using Precise. However in my Grub "previous Linux version" menu there are quite a few entries labelled 2.6.8. I cannot find these linux-images in Synaptic. dpkg -l | grep linux-image Gives: rc linux-image-3.0.0-17-generic 3.0.0-17.30 Linux kernel image for version 3.0.0 on x86/x86_64 ii linux-image-3.2.0-27-generic 3.2.0-27.43 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.2.0-29-generic 3.2.0-29.46 Linux kernel image for version 3.2.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.4.0-030400-generic 3.4.0-030400.201205210521 Linux kernel image for version 3.4.0 on 32 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-generic 3.2.0.29.31 Generic Linux kernel image Sudo update-grub gives: Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.4.0-030400-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.4.0-030400-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-27-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-27-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38-11-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.38-11-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38-10-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.38-10-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.38-8-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.38-8-generic Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Windows Vista (loader) on /dev/sda1 sudo apt-get remove linux-image-2.6.8-8-generic gives: E: Unable to locate package linux-image-2.6.8-8-generic E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'linux-image-2.6.8-8-generic' My boot folder contains the following: abi-2.6.38-10-generic initrd.img-3.4.0-030400-generic abi-2.6.38-11-generic memtest86+.bin abi-2.6.38-8-generic memtest86+_multiboot.bin abi-3.2.0-27-generic System.map-2.6.38-10-generic abi-3.2.0-29-generic System.map-2.6.38-11-generic abi-3.4.0-030400-generic System.map-2.6.38-8-generic config-2.6.38-10-generic System.map-3.2.0-27-generic config-2.6.38-11-generic System.map-3.2.0-29-generic config-2.6.38-8-generic System.map-3.4.0-030400-generic config-3.2.0-27-generic vmcoreinfo-2.6.38-10-generic config-3.2.0-29-generic vmcoreinfo-2.6.38-11-generic config-3.4.0-030400-generic vmcoreinfo-2.6.38-8-generic extlinux vmlinuz-2.6.38-10-generic grub vmlinuz-2.6.38-11-generic initrd.img-2.6.38-10-generic vmlinuz-2.6.38-8-generic initrd.img-2.6.38-11-generic vmlinuz-3.2.0-27-generic initrd.img-2.6.38-8-generic vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic initrd.img-3.2.0-27-generic vmlinuz-3.4.0-030400-generic initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic and ls -l /etc/grub.d yields: total 56 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6715 Apr 17 20:16 00_header -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5522 Oct 1 2011 05_debian_theme -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7407 May 17 09:22 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6335 Apr 17 20:16 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1588 May 3 2011 20_memtest86+ -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7603 Apr 17 20:16 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Oct 1 2011 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 95 Oct 1 2011 41_custom -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Oct 1 2011 README gdisk -l /dev/sda yields: Partition table scan: MBR: MBR only BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: not present *************************************************************** Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format. *************************************************************** Disk /dev/sda: 312581808 sectors, 149.1 GiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): F832A498-05E1-4615-B5B1-757ACB4A757A Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 312581774 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 4183661 sectors (2.0 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 61442047 29.3 GiB 0700 Microsoft basic data 3 163842048 169986047 2.9 GiB 8200 Linux swap 4 169986048 312578047 68.0 GiB 0700 Microsoft basic data 5 61444096 159666175 46.8 GiB 8300 Linux filesystem Please help with removing the old and inexistent kernels from Grub.

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  • Removing occurrences of characters in a string

    - by DmainEvent
    I am reading this book, programming Interviews exposed by John Wiley and sons and in chapter 6 they are discussing removing all instances of characters in a src string using a removal string... so removeChars(string str, string remove) In there writeup they sey the steps to accomplish this are to have a boolean lookup array with all values initially set to false, then loop through each character in remove setting the corresponding value in the lookup array to true (note: this could also be a hash if the possible character set where huge like Unicode-16 or something like that or if str and remove are both relatively small... < 100 characters I suppose). You then iterate through the str with a source and destination index, copying each character only if its corresponding value in the lookup array is false... Which makes sense... I don't understand the code that they use however... They have for(src = 0; src < len; ++src){ flags[r[src]] == true; } which is turning the flag value at the remove string indexed at src to true... so if you start out with PLEASE HELP as your str and LEA as your remove you will be setting in your flag table at 0,1,2... t|t|t but after that you will get an out of bounds exception because r doesn't have have anything greater than 2 in it... even using there example you get an out of bounds exception... Am is there code example unworkable? Entire function string removeChars( string str, string remove ){ char[] s = str.toCharArray(); char[] r = remove.toCharArray(); bool[] flags = new bool[128]; // assumes ASCII! int len = s.Length; int src, dst; // Set flags for characters to be removed for( src = 0; src < len; ++src ){ flags[r[src]] = true; } src = 0; dst = 0; // Now loop through all the characters, // copying only if they aren’t flagged while( src < len ){ if( !flags[ (int)s[src] ] ){ s[dst++] = s[src]; } ++src; } return new string( s, 0, dst ); } as you can see, r comes from the remove string. So in my example the remove string has only a size of 3 while my str string has a size of 11. len is equal to the length of the str string. So it would be 11. How can I loop through the r string since it is only size 3? I haven't compiled the code so I can loop through it, but just looking at it I know it won't work. I am thinking they wanted to loop through the r string... in other words they got the length of the wrong string here.

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  • Stuck removing ffmpeg from system due to package problems

    - by Michiel
    I'd be very grateful to get a bit of support on the following situation: Using Ubuntu 12.04, and I used the PPA of Jon Severinson for ffmpeg. I had a problem playing movies with mplayer, so I decided to remove the PPA and try to use libav only after I read this article about libav vs ffmpeg. I first removed the PPA from the list, then apt-get update, etc. But I couldn't remove ffmpeg due to dependency-errors and got stuck in what seemed some kind of loop. Then I found a suggestion here. I followed the steps, and ended up force-removing libavcodec-extra-53. Because, apparently that was "what got stuff moving again". At the moment I can't. Now Ubuntu is reporting a broken package (BrokenCount 0). Errors: De afhankelijkheden van de volgende pakketten konden niet geïnstalleerd worden: audacious-plugins: Depends: audacious-plugins-data (= 3.2.1-4ubuntu1) maar 3.2.1-4ubuntu1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libcurl3-gnutls (= 7.16.2-1) maar 7.22.0-3ubuntu4 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libgcc1 (= 1:4.1.1) maar 1:4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpulse0 (= 1:0.99.1) maar 1:1.1-0ubuntu15.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libstdc++6 (= 4.6) maar 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libwavpack1 (= 4.40.0) maar 4.60.1-2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libxcomposite1 (= 1:0.3-1) maar 1:0.4.3-2build1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.1.4) maar 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 is geïnstalleerd libavfilter-extra-2: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (< 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2-99) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libswresample-extra-0 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd libavformat-extra-53: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (< 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2-99) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd libk3b6-extracodecs: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libc6 (= 2.14) maar 2.15-0ubuntu10 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libkdecore5 (= 4:4.4.4) maar 4:4.8.4a-0ubuntu0.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libkio5 (= 4:4.4.4) maar 4:4.8.4a-0ubuntu0.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.7.0~beta1) maar 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libstdc++6 (= 4.1.1) maar 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd libquicktime2: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8~beta2-2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 4:0.8~beta2-2) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd libxine1-ffmpeg: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.7.3-1) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.7.3-1) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libc6 (= 2.4) maar 2.15-0ubuntu10 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (= 4:0.7.3-1) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libxine1-bin (= 1.1.20-2build1) maar 1.1.20-2build1 is geïnstalleerd mencoder: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd mplayer: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd vlc: Depends: vlc-nox (= 2.0.3-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) maar 2.0.3-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libc6 (= 2.15) maar 2.15-0ubuntu10 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libfreetype6 (= 2.2.1) maar 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libgcc1 (= 1:4.1.1) maar 1:4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.0) maar 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libqtgui4 (= 4:4.7.0~beta1) maar 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu4.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libstdc++6 (= 4.6) maar 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg) maar 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 is geïnstalleerd vlc-nox: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libc6 (= 2.15) maar 2.15-0ubuntu10 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libfontconfig1 (= 2.8.0) maar 2.8.0-3ubuntu9.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libfreetype6 (= 2.2.1) maar 2.4.8-1ubuntu2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libgcc1 (= 1:4.1.1) maar 1:4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libgnutls26 (= 2.12.6.1-0) maar 2.12.14-5ubuntu3.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libmpcdec6 (= 1:0.1~r435) maar 2:0.1~r459-1ubuntu1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libncursesw5 (= 5.6+20070908) maar 5.9-4 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libsmbclient (= 3.0.24) maar 2:3.6.3-2ubuntu2.3 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libstdc++6 (= 4.6) maar 4.6.3-1ubuntu5 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libudev0 (= 147) maar 175-0ubuntu9.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libxml2 (= 2.7.4) maar 2.7.8.dfsg-5.1ubuntu4.1 is geïnstalleerd Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.0.2) maar 1:1.2.3.4.dfsg-3ubuntu4 is geïnstalleerd xbmc-bin: Depends: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libavfilter-extra-2 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavformat-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libavutil-extra-51 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd Depends: libpostproc-extra-52 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Depends: libswscale-extra-2 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2 is geïnstalleerd And apt-get is reporting: root@LAPTOP:~# apt-get -f install Pakketlijsten worden ingelezen... Klaar Boom van vereisten wordt opgebouwd De status informatie wordt gelezen... Klaar Vereisten worden gecorrigeerd... mislukt. De volgende pakketten hebben niet-voldane vereisten: audacious-plugins : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd libavfilter-extra-2 : Vereisten: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Vereisten: libavcodec-extra-53 (< 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2-99) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd libavformat-extra-53 : Vereisten: libavcodec-extra-53 (= 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd Vereisten: libavcodec-extra-53 (< 6:0.10.4.0ubuntu0jon2.2-99) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd libk3b6-extracodecs : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd libquicktime2 : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8~beta2-2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8~beta2-2) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd libxine1-ffmpeg : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.7.3-1) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.7.3-1) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd mencoder : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd mplayer : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd vlc : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd vlc-nox : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd xbmc-bin : Vereisten: libavcodec53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd of libavcodec-extra-53 (= 4:0.8-1~) maar het is niet geïnstalleerd E: Fout, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve maakte scheidingen aan, dit kan veroorzaakt worden door vastgehouden pakketten. E: Kan vereisten niet corrigeren How to proceed?? Thanks in advance, Michiel

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