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  • Hubs/switches taking out switches?

    - by Bart Silverstrim
    Here's the issue...we have a network with a lot of Cisco switches. Someone plugged in a hub on the network, and then we started seeing "weird" behavior; errors in communication between clients and servers, or network timeouts, dropping network connections, etc. It seemed that somehow that hub (or SOHO switch) was particularly freaking out our Cisco 3700 series switches. Disconnect that hub or netgear-type SOHO switch and things settled down again. We're in the process of trying to get a centralized logging server for SNMP and management, etc., to see if we can trap errors or narrow down when someone does this sort of thing without our knowledge because things seem to work, for the most part, without issue, we just get freaky oddball incidents on particular switches that don't seem to have any explanation until we find out someone decided to take matters into their own hands to expand available ports in their room. Without getting into procedure changes or locking down ports or "in our organization they'd be fired" answers, can someone explain why adding a small switch or hub, not necessarily a SOHO router (even a dumb hub apparently caused the 3700's to freak out) sending DHCP request out, will cause issues? The boss said it's because the Cisco's are getting confused because that rogue hub/switch is bridging multiple MAC's/IP's into one port on the Cisco switches and they just choke on that, but I thought their routing tables should be able to handle multiple machines coming into the port. Anyone see that behavior before and have a clearer explanation of what's happening? I'd like to know for future troubleshooting and better understanding that just waving my hand and saying "you just can't".

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  • Planning trunk capacity for multiple GbE switches

    - by wuckachucka
    Without measuring throughput (it's at the top of the list; this is just theoretical), I want to know the most standard method for trunking VLANs on multiple Gigabit (GbE) switches to a core Layer 3 GbE switch. Say you have three VLANs: VLAN10 (10.0.0.0/24) Servers: your typical Windows DC/file server, Exchange, and an Accounting/SQL server. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Sales: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN30 and vice-versa. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Support: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN20 and vice-versa. Here's how I think this should work in my head: Switch #1: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN20; all the Sales workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #1. Switch #2: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN30; all the Support workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #2. Core L3 switch: Ports 2-10 are assigned to VLAN10; all three servers are connected here. With a standard 10/100 x 24 switch, it'll usually come with one or two 1 GbE uplink ports; carrying over this logic to a 10/100/1000 x 24, the "optional" 10 GbE combo ports that most higher-end switches can get shouldn't really be an option. Keep in mind I haven't tested anything yet, I'm primarily moving in this direction for growth (don't want to buy 10/100 switches and have to replace those within a couple of years) and security (being able to control access between VLANs with L3 routing/packet filtering ACLs). Does this sound right? Do I really need the 10 GbE ports? It seems very non-standard and expensive, but it "feels" right when you think about 40 or 50 workstations trunking up to the L3 switch over 1 GbE standard ports. If say 20 workstations want to download a 10 GB image from the servers concurrently, wouldn't the trunk be the bottleneck? At least if the trunk was 10 GbE, you'd have 10x1GbE nodes being able to reach their theoretical max. What about switch stacking? Some of the D-Links I've been looking at have HDMI interfaces for stacking. As far as I know, stacking two switches creates one logical switch, but is this just for management I/O or does the switches use the (assuming it's HDMI 1.3) 10.2 Gbps for carrying data back and forth?

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  • SNMP based network discovery (switches), device (ports on switches) power management

    - by SaM
    In a enterprise network, what would be the right way to generate a list of switches (SNMP managed) Is it reasonable to ask the organization to supply a list such as this: Switch name IP Address of switch Location SNMP community strings Or are there standard ways to run discovery scans - UDP broadcasts? After having generated a repository such as the above; given a single switch, how to query it for the list of all devices attached to it? Finally, how to selectively power down/power up ports? (remotely - using SNMP) Platform is going to be .NET based (C#) and the library being used is SharpSNMP

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  • Spanning-tree setup with incompatible switches

    - by wfaulk
    I have a set of eight HP ProCurve 2910al-48G Ethernet switches at my datacenter that are set up in a star topology with no physical loops. I want to partially mesh the switches for redundancy and manage the loops with a spanning-tree protocol. However, our connection to the datacenter is provided by two uplinks, each to a Cisco 3750. The datacenter's switches are handling the redundant connection using PVST spanning-tree, which is a Cisco-proprietary spanning-tree implementation that my HP switches do not support. It appears that my switches are not participating in the datacenter's spanning-tree domain, but are blindly passing the BPDUs between the two switchports on my side, which enables the datacenter's switches to recognize the loop and put one of the uplinks into the Blocking state. This is somewhat supposition, but I can confirm that, while my switches say that both of the uplink ports are forwarding, only one is passing any real quantity of data. (I am assuming that I cannot get the datacenter to move away from PVST. I don't know that I'd want them to make that significant of a change anyway.) The datacenter has also sent me this output from their switches (which I have expurgated of any identifiable info): 3750G-1#sh spanning-tree vlan nnn VLAN0nnn Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 10 Address 00d0.0114.xxxx Cost 4 Port 5 (GigabitEthernet1/0/5) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32mmm (priority 32768 sys-id-ext nnn) Address 0018.73d3.yyyy Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/5 Root FWD 4 128.5 P2p Gi1/0/6 Altn BLK 4 128.6 P2p Gi1/0/8 Altn BLK 4 128.8 P2p and: 3750G-2#sh spanning-tree vlan nnn VLAN0nnn Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 10 Address 00d0.0114.xxxx Cost 4 Port 6 (GigabitEthernet1/0/6) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32mmm (priority 32768 sys-id-ext nnn) Address 000f.f71e.zzzz Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 sec Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- -------------------------------- Gi1/0/1 Desg FWD 4 128.1 P2p Gi1/0/5 Altn BLK 4 128.5 P2p Gi1/0/6 Root FWD 4 128.6 P2p Gi1/0/8 Desg FWD 4 128.8 P2p The uplinks to my switches are on Gi1/0/8 on both of their switches. The uplink ports are configured with a single tagged VLAN. I am also using a number of other tagged VLANs in my switch infrastructure. And, to be clear, I am passing the tagged VLAN I'm receiving from the datacenter to other ports on other switches in my infrastructure. My question is: how do I configure my switches so that I can use a spanning tree protocol inside my switch infrastructure without breaking the datacenter's spanning tree that I cannot participate in?

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  • Why do partially failed/failing switches fail to pass DHCP?

    - by David Mackintosh
    I've noticed this several times: a switch starts to behave oddly. Usually if the switch doesn't fail outright, what tends to get noticed is that DHCP doesn't work. We had a Linksys SRW-224P fail today. Systems which were still connected worked properly, until it came time to renew their DHCP lease. Once the lease expired, they stopped working, but up until then we couldn't detect a failure. This includes PoE VoIP phones -- they work fine until their lease is up, at which point they're done. I've noticed this on the above-mentioned Linksys, three varieties of 3Com, and possibly half a dozen dumb switches. What is it about DHCP that makes it sensitive to failing switches?

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  • Issues connecting to HP ProCurve switches

    - by BriGuy
    We are having a very strange issue trying to connect to our infrastructure switches via SSH. When you first try connecting to them, the switches will prompt for the password - and then just sit there after it is entered. If you create a second SSH session to the switch (while letting the first one remain open and just sitting there) it will let you log right in. The switches are doing the same thing with RADIUS and local authentication. The other strange part to all of this, is that about 10 switches started doing it all at the same time. As far as actual configuration of the switches, nothing has changed. Occasionally, one switch will start working like normal, but then stop again. These are all HP ProCurve managed switches, but all different models/firmware. Some switches that are not working are using the same firmware as others that are working. UPDATE: 20130312 I am also seeing this same behavior when trying to use telnet. The first telnet session just hangs there, and the second telnet session will let me log in. Rebooting the switches seems to get them working, but I still have 5 production switches that cannot easily be rebooted because of their production roles. Is anyone aware of anything else that can be switched on/off that may reset the logon for remote management or something like that?

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  • Recommendation for Ethernet switches that allow arbitrary network topologies

    - by sblair
    We have the following requirements for three Ethernet switches that will be connected together: Allow the switches to connect together to form dynamic, arbitrary topologies, i.e., support for the RSTP is essential. Allow the physical topology (which ports are connected together) to be gleaned from the switches, e.g., using SNMP traps. This is optional, but would be very useful. At least 5 ports on each switch, but only 3 will be used for connecting the switches together. Be as compact as possible. Ideally be in stock, in the UK. Only 100Mb/s is required. (This question is the result of the lack of RSTP support from 3Com NJ225 devices, as described in my previous question.)

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  • HP ProCurve GVRP Setup

    - by Matt
    I'm trying to setup GVRP on my 4 ProCurve switches. Currently I have a Layer 3 3500yl-24G (J8692A) which is connected to 3 Layer 2 2510G-48 (J9280A). I have three trunk ports setup on the 3500 connected to the 3 switches and currently everything seems to be working, the devices are talking to eachother and GVRP is pushing its configurations from the 3500 to the 3 other switches. My question is, once GVRP is setup, how exactly do I configure the ports on the 3 L2 switches to use the correct VLAN? I'm new to ProCurve network equipment and this is much easier to setup on Cisco equipment.

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  • Daisy-chaining network switches with multiple cables

    - by user72153
    This might just be the dumbest question you'll ever read, but I digress. Say I have two 100Mbps Ethernet switches with 2 computers on each, connected together by a single cable. This way, the two PCs on each switch share the 100Mbps bandwidth with the others. If I added another cable between the 2 switches, would there be 200Mbps throughput available between the switches? Or am I completely off my rocker? Thanks for the help.

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  • How to push configurations to multiple Cisco Switches

    - by nixda
    Assume I have around 50 Cisco IE2000 Switches connected together and I want to reconfigure some settings, the same settings for every switch. Normally I would open a command line session via Putty and paste the commands. But as the number of switches is growing, even this method takes its time. I am aware of Kiwi CatTools. Unfortunately it's not free so I'm wondering if there are other efficient ways to configure a large number of Cisco switches.

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  • Force10 layer 3 switches

    - by ALQ
    We've been running Cisco and dell layer 3 switches. The former are expensive and reliable, the latter a lot cheaper and fraught with issues. Anyone has positive experience with the core Force10 switches (and edge switches as well)?

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  • Stack Managed Switches over a distance

    - by Joel Coel
    We have several buildings with stacked switches, where the distance between the stacked units is considerable... separate floors, or at opposite ends of a hallway. They are 3Com switches that stack using cat6 cabling. These switches are coming up on 12 years old now, and as I look around at replacements it seems no one supports this scenario any more. Stacking switches want to use fiber links (it more for me to run and terminate the fiber stacking cables than to purchase the switch) or other custom cables that seem only intended to jump up to the next unit in a rack. What have others done to support stacking over a distance? I'm considering breaking up the stacked switches into separate managed entities and just bridging from the root switch in the buildings, but I'd really like to avoid that for what I hope are obvious reason. The closest thing I've found are from netgear that use hdmi cables for the stacking connection... I could try to support that by running an additional cat6 line and re-terminating both links into a single hdmi port, but I have concerns over that approach as well.

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  • HTG Explains: Understanding Routers, Switches, and Network Hardware

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Today we’re taking a look at the home networking hardware: what the individual pieces do, when you need them, and how best to deploy them. Read on to get a clearer picture of what you need to optimize your home network. When do you need a switch? A hub? What exactly does a router do? Do you need a router if you have a single computer? Network technology can be quite an arcane area of study but armed with the right terms and a general overview of how devices function on your home network you can deploy your network with confidence. HTG Explains: Understanding Routers, Switches, and Network Hardware How to Use Offline Files in Windows to Cache Your Networked Files Offline How to See What Web Sites Your Computer is Secretly Connecting To

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  • Installing Ubuntu, Switches of to intergrated Graphic Card

    - by Clenn
    I got a problem. I'm willing to dual boot ubuntu 12.04 on my desktop. After i made a bootable USB ubuntu on it i'm going to install it. I boot it and I choose Install ubuntu roughly said. The problem is the following, It seems that when i press enter to start the install he switches of to my intergrated graphic card. I looked up in my bios what my primary graphic card selection is and it was on PCI Express (the option it supossed to be). So I'm clueless right now. I don't know how to fix this because I'm quite learning linux atm (school and by myself). Your faithfully, Clenn

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  • VLAN support on Juniper EX - 2200 switches

    - by liv2hak
    I have 6 Juniper switches (EX - 2200) connected to each other as shown in the network topology below. I have two PC's that I am using PC1 - (used for configuring the 6 switches via minicom) PC2 - to monitor the traffic between the switches via the Ports that are marked with arrows in the diagram. STEP 1: I create a new vlan On Switch 3 (SW3) that includes Port 12 and Port 22. I also assign l3-interface to the vlan (vlan_2) with ip address - 192.168.1.7. Now I plug-in Port 0 of Switch 3 on PC2. Now I try pinging 192.168.1.7 from PC2 (192.168.1.10) I want to know what will happen? My postulation is that I will not be able to ping SW3 from PC2.This is because SW3 (Port 12 and Port 22) is a part of a vlan_2 and vlan_2 logically breaks up broadcast domains and so 192.168.1.7 will not be reachable from 192.168.1.10. Now I have an l3-interface on SW1 with IP 192.168.1.1 using default vlan( vlan-id 0). Similarly I have enabled IP on SW2 - 192.168.1.2 SW3 - 192.168.1.3 SW4 - 192.168.1.4 SW5 - 192.168.1.5 SW6 - 192.168.1.6 all using default vlan. Now I plug in Port 12 of SW3 (blue cable) into the PC2. I try to ping 192.168.1.1 from PC2. What will happen at this stage.? My postulation is that I will be able to ping switch 1.Is this correct? Also another question is that can a single port on a Switch be added multiple VLANS? I am a beginner at network configuration? Any help would be highly appreciated. (Please ignore the CISCO symbol on the switches in the diagram.All swithes are Junper EX 22-00.)

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  • VLAN ACLs and when to go Layer 3

    - by wuckachucka
    I want to: a) segment several departments into VLANs with the hopes of restricting access between them completely (Sales never needs to talk to Support's workstations or printers and vice-versa) or b) certain IP addresses and TCP/UDP ports across VLANS -- i.e. permitting the Sales VLAN to access the CRM Web Server in the Server VLAN on port 443 only. Port-wise, I'll need a 48-port switch and another 24-port switch to go with the two existing 24-port Layer 2 switches (Linksys); I'm looking at going with D-Links or HP Procurves as Cisco is out of our price range. Question #1: From what I understand (and please correct me if I'm wrong), if the Servers (VLAN10) and Sales (VLAN20) are all on the same 48-port switch (or two stacked 24-port switches), afaik, the switch "knows" what VLANs and ports each device belongs to and will switch packets between them; I can also apply ACLs to restrict access between VLANs at this point. Is this correct? Question #2: Now lets say that Support (VLAN30) is on a different switch (one of the Linksys) switches. I'm assuming I'll need to trunk (tag) switch #2's VLANs across to switch #1, so switch #1 sees switch #2's VLAN30 (and vice-versa). Once Switch #1 can "see" VLAN30, I'm assuming I can then apply ACLs as stated in Question #1. Is this correct? Question #3: Once Switch #1 can see all the VLANs, can I achieve the seemingly "Layer 3" ACL filtering of restricting access to Server VLAN on only certain TCP/UDP ports and IP addresses (say, only permitting 3389 to the Terminal Server, 192.168.10.4/32). I say "seemingly" because some of the Layer 2 switches mention the ability to restrict ports and IP addresses through the ACLs; I (perhaps mistakenly) thought that in order to have Layer 3 ACLs (packet filtering), I'd need to have at least one Layer 3 switch acting as a core router. If my assumptions are incorrect, at which point do you need a Layer 3 switch for inter-VLAN routing vs. inter-VLAN switching? Is it generally only when you need that higher-level packet filtering ability between your departments?

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  • What differences are there between "home" switches and "professional" switches?

    - by pjreddie
    Our radio station uses a PtP wireless system to stream our radio and TV signals from our studio up a hill to our transmitter. We have been having problems with warbly sound and drop outs that come from some point in this system. An engineer that occasionally visits the station thinks it could be the switches we use on each side of the PtP wireless system to connect the PtP devices to the encoders and decoders and wants us to get two of these switches: http://www.amazon.com/Netgear-JGS516-ProSafe-16-Port-Ethernet/dp/B0002CWPOK/ref=dp_return_1 The encoder/decoder setup only streams 8Mbps total so it seems like the switches we have should not be stressed out, unless they are causing sufficient latency to degrade the performance of the encoder/decoder. At each end of the connection we only have 4 connections, is there any reason we couldn't get a cheaper, "home" quality switch like this: http://www.amazon.com/D-Link-DGS-1005G-5-Port-Gigabit-Desktop/dp/tech-data/B003X7TRWE/ref=de_a_smtd Is there a significant difference that we would notice in terms of latency between these two switches? How much does the quality of the switch actually matter in this scenario? Any help is appreciated, feel free to ask questions if anything needs clarification. Thanks

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  • Link bonding across multiple switches?

    - by Bryan Agee
    I've read up a little bit on bonding nics with ifenslave; what I'm having trouble understanding is whether there is special configuration needed in order to split the bonds across two switches. For example, if I have several servers that all have two nics each, and two separate switches, do I just configure the bonds and plug 1 nic from each into switch #1 and the other from each into switch #2? or is there more to it than that? If the bonds are active-backup, will a nic failure on single machine mean that server may become disconnected since the rest of the machines are using the primary nic and it's using the secondary? Or do you link the switches with one cable as well?

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  • Get/Assign IP addresses assigned by the DHCP sever with DLink switches in between

    - by Ranjith Kumar
    In our office the setup is like we have a UBUNTU server with DHCP Server connected to all the PCS via 24 port and 8 port DLink switches. How can I find all the PCS(with client name, ip and mac address)in the network?? When I do "vi /var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases", I get all the ip addresses for the switches. I have used "arp-scan --interface=eth0 --localnet" to get all the IPs and MAC Addresses in my local network. I couldn't find any option to diplay client name. Also I would like to assign particular IP for a particular PC. I have done the changes in the dhcp.conf file but it is not working as they are not directly connected to DHCP-server(DLink switches in between). How can I assign IPs for PCs in this kind of setup. Thanks in advance

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  • dhcp-snooping option 82 drops valid dhcp requests on 2610 series Procurve switches

    - by kce
    We are slowly starting to implement dhcp-snooping on our HP ProCurve 2610 series switches, all running the R.11.72 firmware. I'm seeing some strange behavior where dhcp-request or dhcp-renew packets are dropped when originating from "downstream" switches due "untrusted relay information from client". The full error: Received untrusted relay information from client <mac-address> on port <port-number> In more detail we have a 48 port HP2610 (Switch A) and a 24 port HP2610 (Switch B). Switch B is "downstream" of Switch A by virtue of a DSL connection to one of Switch A ports. The dhcp server is connected to Switch A. The relevant bits are as follows: Switch A dhcp-snooping dhcp-snooping authorized-server 192.168.0.254 dhcp-snooping vlan 1 168 interface 25 name "Server" dhcp-snooping trust exit Switch B dhcp-snooping dhcp-snooping authorized-server 192.168.0.254 dhcp-snooping vlan 1 interface Trk1 dhcp-snooping trust exit The switches are set to trust BOTH the port the authorized dhcp server is attached to and its IP address. This is all well and good for the clients attached to Switch A, but the clients attached to Switch B get denied due to the "untrusted relay information" error. This is odd for a few reasons 1) dhcp-relay is not configured on either switch, 2) the Layer-3 network here is flat, same subnet. DHCP packets should not have a modified option 82 attribute. dhcp-relay does appear to be enabled by default however: SWITCH A# show dhcp-relay DHCP Relay Agent : Enabled Option 82 : Disabled Response validation : Disabled Option 82 handle policy : append Remote ID : mac Client Requests Server Responses Valid Dropped Valid Dropped ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 0 0 0 0 SWITCH B# show dhcp-relay DHCP Relay Agent : Enabled Option 82 : Disabled Response validation : Disabled Option 82 handle policy : append Remote ID : mac Client Requests Server Responses Valid Dropped Valid Dropped ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 40156 0 0 0 And interestingly enough the dhcp-relay agent seems very busy on Switch B, but why? As far as I can tell there is no reason why dhcp requests need a relay with this topology. And furthermore I can't tell why the upstream switch is dropping legitimate dhcp requests for untrusted relay information when the relay agent in question (on Switch B) isn't modifying the option 82 attributes anyway. Adding the no dhcp-snooping option 82 on Switch A allows the dhcp traffic from Switch B to be approved by Switch A, by virtue of just turning off that feature. What are the repercussions of not validating option 82 modified dhcp traffic? If I disable option 82 on all my "upstream" switches - will they pass dhcp traffic from any downstream switch regardless of that traffic's legitimacy? This behavior is client operating system agnostic. I see it with both Windows and Linux clients. Our DHCP servers are either Windows Server 2003 or Windows Server 2008 R2 machines. I see this behavior regardless of the DHCP servers' operating system. Can anyone shed some light on what's happening here and give me some recommendations on how I should proceed with configuring the option 82 setting? I feel like i just haven't completely grokked dhcp-relaying and option 82 attributes.

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  • Desktop switcher appears to be broken for quick double-switches

    - by Jon Blackburn
    I'm wondering if anyone else has seen this. I have three virtual desktops aligned in a horizontal row. In the middle desktop I have only a single application window. I have keyboard shortcuts mapping to navigate between the desktops. Obviously, I never use the up/down arrows because I only have one row of workspaces. Here's the problem, which only started to happen after I installed 12.04.1: When I rapidly hit to go from workspace 1 to workspace 3, the window on workspace 2 gets moved to workspace 1. I have checked using both Unity and Gnome3, and the behavior is the same under both. If I change back to the default workspace setup (a 2x2 grid of desktops) things seem to settle down (i.e., no wandering windows). Not every type of application window behaves the same way. I couldn't get a Chrome browser to jump from 2 to 1, but both Terminal and Terminator exhibit the behavior. Any thoughts? Better workarounds? Thanks in advance.

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  • How can I monitor with nagios an unmanaged switch?

    - by ud
    can i somehow monitor the unmanaged switches? it's not really monitoring if you have to ignore 4 switches.. here my excample: demarcation point | [router] / \ [u-switch] [u-switch] | / | \ [7 clients] [u-switch] | [u-switch] / | \ [6 clients] [4 clients] [5 clients]

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