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• Static IP for dynamic IP

  - by scape279

  I have a dynamic IP address. I would like to have a static IP, but Virgin Media don't allow static IPs for residential broadband services, even if you ask them really nicely and offer to pay for it without switching to a business tariff. I am already registered with a dynamic DNS service which is updated by my router eg me.example.com will always resolve to my dynamic IP. This is fine for some circumstances, but not if you can only enter an IP address into configuration files/hardware etc like firewalls, subversion services etc etc. Is there a way I can have a static IP address 'forwarding' to my dynamic IP? Would a possible solution involve tunnelling? Setting up a private proxy? Please note the following: I am able to buy an IP address from my web host. I have access to a webserver and I am able to create custom DNS zones. I'm happy to have a webserver running at home if necessary also. I do not wish to change broadband providers. I have zero control over the services that require the IP address entering so I cannot tackle the problem that way round (services I need to access are at work). PS I've tried googling this issue, but it is very difficult to search for as most results are related to dynamic dns (which I already have set up and isnt quite what I'm after)

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• Selecting which IP address to use for outgoing requests from behind a NAT

  - by iamrohitbanga

  Our organization has several external IP addresses. I am behind 2 layers of NAT and the servers choose which IP address to route my traffic to. Can I specify which IP address to use when finally leaving the organizations network. I know that source routing can be done in IPv4 by adding some options in the header. But can I configure my PC to add these options automatically. I have both a Windows and a Linux Machine.

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• Cisco 800 series won't forward port

  - by sam

  Hello ServerFault, I am trying to forward port 444 from my cisco router to my Web Server (192.168.0.2). As far as I can tell, my port forwarding is configured correctly, yet no traffic will pass through on port 444. Here is my config: ! version 12.3 service config no service pad service tcp-keepalives-in service tcp-keepalives-out service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime service password-encryption no service dhcp ! hostname QUESTMOUNT ! logging buffered 16386 informational logging rate-limit 100 except warnings no logging console no logging monitor enable secret 5 -removed- ! username administrator secret 5 -removed- username manager secret 5 -removed- clock timezone NZST 12 clock summer-time NZDT recurring 1 Sun Oct 2:00 3 Sun Mar 3:00 aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login default local aaa authentication login userlist local aaa authentication ppp default local aaa authorization network grouplist local aaa session-id common ip subnet-zero no ip source-route no ip domain lookup ip domain name quest.local ! ! no ip bootp server ip inspect name firewall tcp ip inspect name firewall udp ip inspect name firewall cuseeme ip inspect name firewall h323 ip inspect name firewall rcmd ip inspect name firewall realaudio ip inspect name firewall streamworks ip inspect name firewall vdolive ip inspect name firewall sqlnet ip inspect name firewall tftp ip inspect name firewall ftp ip inspect name firewall icmp ip inspect name firewall sip ip inspect name firewall fragment maximum 256 timeout 1 ip inspect name firewall netshow ip inspect name firewall rtsp ip inspect name firewall skinny ip inspect name firewall http ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 ip audit name intrusion info list 3 action alarm ip audit name intrusion attack list 3 action alarm drop reset no ftp-server write-enable ! ! ! ! crypto isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share ! crypto isakmp policy 2 encr 3des authentication pre-share group 2 ! crypto isakmp client configuration group staff key 0 qS;,sc:q<skro1^, domain quest.local pool vpnclients acl 106 ! ! crypto ipsec transform-set tr-null-sha esp-null esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-des-md5 esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-des-sha esp-des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-3des-sha esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map vpnusers 1 description Client to Site VPN Users set transform-set tr-des-md5 ! ! crypto map cm-cryptomap client authentication list userlist crypto map cm-cryptomap isakmp authorization list grouplist crypto map cm-cryptomap client configuration address respond crypto map cm-cryptomap 65000 ipsec-isakmp dynamic vpnusers ! ! ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0 ip access-group 102 in ip nat inside hold-queue 100 out ! interface ATM0 no ip address no atm ilmi-keepalive dsl operating-mode auto ! interface ATM0.1 point-to-point pvc 0/100 encapsulation aal5mux ppp dialer dialer pool-member 1 ! ! interface Dialer0 bandwidth 640 ip address negotiated ip access-group 101 in no ip redirects no ip unreachables ip nat outside ip inspect firewall out ip audit intrusion in encapsulation ppp no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache dialer pool 1 dialer-group 1 no cdp enable ppp pap sent-username -removed- password 7 -removed- ppp ipcp dns request crypto map cm-cryptomap ! ip local pool vpnclients 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.254 ip nat inside source list 105 interface Dialer0 overload ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 444 interface Dialer0 444 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.51 9000 interface Dialer0 9000 ip nat inside source static udp 192.168.0.2 1433 interface Dialer0 1433 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 1433 interface Dialer0 1433 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 25 interface Dialer0 25 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer0 ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ip access-list logging interval 10 logging 192.168.0.2 access-list 1 remark The local LAN. access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 2 permit 192.168.0.0 access-list 2 remark Where management can be done from. access-list 2 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 3 remark Traffic not to check for intrustion detection. access-list 3 deny 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 3 permit any access-list 101 remark Traffic allowed to enter the router from the Internet access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 deny ip 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 198.18.0.0 0.1.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 224.0.0.0 0.15.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip any host 255.255.255.255 access-list 101 permit tcp 67.228.209.128 0.0.0.15 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp host 120.136.2.22 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp host 123.100.90.58 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp 67.228.209.128 0.0.0.15 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp host 120.136.2.22 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp host 123.100.90.58 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 444 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 9000 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq smtp access-list 101 permit udp any any eq non500-isakmp access-list 101 permit udp any any eq isakmp access-list 101 permit esp any any access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 1723 access-list 101 permit gre any any access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 22 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq telnet access-list 102 remark Traffic allowed to enter the router from the Ethernet access-list 102 permit ip any host 192.168.0.254 access-list 102 deny ip any host 192.168.0.255 access-list 102 deny udp any any eq tftp log access-list 102 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 102 deny ip any 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 198.18.0.0 0.1.255.255 log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq 135 log access-list 102 deny tcp any any eq 135 log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq netbios-ns log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq netbios-dgm log access-list 102 deny tcp any any eq 445 log access-list 102 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 102 permit ip any host 255.255.255.255 access-list 102 deny ip any any log access-list 105 remark Traffic to NAT access-list 105 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 105 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 106 remark User to Site VPN Clients access-list 106 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! line con 0 no modem enable line aux 0 line vty 0 4 access-class 2 in transport input telnet ssh transport output none ! scheduler max-task-time 5000 ! end any ideas? :)

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• Ethernet interface number changed, and old one does not exist, but does not leave IP address

  - by Sagar

  I have a virtual machine with Mandriva 2007.0 (yes, old - unfortunately we do not have a choice here). Anyway, the problem: Before reboot: active network interface = eth0. No other interfaces present, and network manager confirms this. Static IP address set to 172.31.2.22. No issues, everything working properly, routing et al. -------Reboot--------- After reboot: active network interface = eth1, with a DHCP address. Network manager shows eth0 as disconnected, and not connectable. When I try to set eth1 up with the static IP address (same one), it says "In Use". I then tried ifconfig eth0 172.31.2.29 just to free it up from the eth0 interface so I could use it with eth1 (since this is connected). Result: ifconfig eth0 172.31.2.29 SIOCSIFADDR: No such device eth0: unknown interface: No such device Nothing else changed. Any ideas what could be happening, or at least how I can get my IP address back?

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• Access internal IP using public IP

  - by willvv

  Hi, I have a DSL modem with a public IP address (201.206.x.x), and I have a web server in my internal network (192.168.0.50). I set up the modem to forward requests to port 80 to my web server, so, if I access 201.206.x.x from outside my network, it shows my web page, the same happens if I access 192.168.0.50 from a computer inside my network. Now, the problem is when I try to access 201.206.x.x from my internal network, the browser tries to connect to the DSL modem configuration, instead of redirecting my request to my Web server. Which settings do I have to change in the modem to set up this redirection? Thanks!

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• IP address spoofing using Source Routing

  - by iamrohitbanga

  With IP options we can specify the route we want an IP packet to take while connecting to a server. If we know that a particular server provides some extra functionality based on the IP address can we not utilize this by spoofing an IP packet so that the source IP address is the privileged IP address and one of the hosts on the Source Routing is our own. So if the privileged IP address is x1 and server IP address is x2 and my own IP address is x3. I send a packet from x1 to x2 which is supposed to pass through x3. x1 does not actually send the packet. It is just that x2 thinks the packet came from x1 via x3. Now in response if x2 uses the same routing policy (as a matter of courtesy to x1) then all packets would be received by x3. Will the destination typically use the same IP address sequences as specified in the routing header so that packets coming from the server pass through my IP where I can get the required information? Can we not spoof a TCP connection in the above case? Is this attack used in practice?

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• Static IP for dynamic IP

  - by scape279

  I have a dynamic IP address. I would like to have a static IP, but Virgin Media don't allow static IPs for residential broadband services, even if you ask them really nicely and offer to pay for it without switching to a business tariff. I am already registered with a dynamic DNS service which is updated by my router eg me.example.com will always resolve to my dynamic IP. This is fine for some circumstances, but not if you can only enter an IP address into configuration files/hardware etc like firewalls, subversion services etc etc. Is there a way I can have a static IP address 'forwarding' to my dynamic IP? Would a possible solution involve tunnelling? Setting up a private proxy? Please note the following: I am able to buy an IP address from my web host. I have access to a webserver and I am able to create custom DNS zones. I'm happy to have a webserver running at home if necessary also. I do not wish to change broadband providers. I have zero control over the services that require the IP address entering so I cannot tackle the problem that way round (services I need to access are at work). PS I've tried googling this issue, but it is very difficult to search for as most results are related to dynamic dns (which I already have set up and isnt quite what I'm after)

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• Routing WIFI and LAN for specific traffic

  - by jakebird451

  I have two network devices aboard my macbook pro: WIFI (en1): Used for general traffic. Connects to an ip of 192.168.19.* via DHCP LAN (en0): Used for specific traffic. Connects to an ip of 192.168.2.10 as a static IP. Does not connect to a router, only a switch for direct routing connection. I have 4 IP addresses I need to access on the LAN: 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.21 192.168.2.20 192.168.2.30 The rest of the traffic needs to go to WIFI. I have tried setting up a routing table for the specific ip addresses, but I only managed to mess up my network. I do not venture out into the world of networking too often, but this was the latest command I have been trying: sudo route add -host 192.168.2.30 -interface en0 This command killed my ability to use ping. It told me that ping could not allocate memory (is that even possible)? It also killed my wifi access. Logging out and back in fixed the issue. I really do not mind to make this solution permanent, so I am fine with a temporary routing. EDIT: If I currently have been trying: sudo route flush sudo route add default 192.168.19.1 This gets everything to work for about a minute. But after such minute it "forgets" the routing to WiFi while retaining LAN's (en0) routing. If I unplug and replug my LAN (en0) cable, the process works for another minute.

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• Public IP Routing over Private GRE tunnel

  - by Paul

  I have a GRE tunnel configured between two linux boxes. The tunnel works fine. I can ping from each host the other private ip. Head privateip: 10.0.0.1 publicip: 8.8.8.8 Tail privateip: 10.0.0.2 publicip: 7.7.7.7 The public IP on Tail has the network block 9.9.9.0/23 statically routed over the 7.7.7.7 interface. The idea is to make the 9.9.9.0/23 ips work on servers on the 8.8.8.8 network. I configure the tail host to route the /23 block. I mounted a 9.9 IP on the head server. I can ping the 9.9 ip from the tail to the head. I can't ping the 9.9 ip from the public internet. I think I need to add some other routes because of gateway issues, but I can't seem to wrap my mind around it (not a router guy, just beating my way through something that I have never done before and vaguely understand) --danks

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• access an IP restricted service from a dynamic IP (Broadband modem) on a windows machine

  - by Joel Alenchery

  Hi, I dont know if this is the correct place to ask this question but here goes .. (please note that I am pretty much a newbie in terms of networking and I work primarily on the windows platform) I have been working on accessing and consuming some web services in C#/ASP.Net, these web services that I consume are IP restricted. Currently they allow access only from my work network (we have a static ip set up through which all our internet requests are routed). Every now and then we have people who go out and about and are stuck with using a usb dongle based internet connection and hence are not able to now access these web services that they are working on. What I would like to do is to provide some way for these remote workers to access the IP restricted web services using the static ip at our office. For example when the remote worker tries to access a service say http://exampleService.com .. the request gets routed to some box at our office and then out to the actual service. That way the service always sees the static ip of the office and not the dynamic ip that the remote user is actually using. I have done a fair bit of googling and its difficult to search for it as most of the results come back for dynamic DNS which is not really what I am looking for. I have also looked at a couple of posts on here namely Accessing IP restricted server from dynamic IP which does provide some insight but the fellow seems to have access to the source that does the ip restriction and is able to change the restrictions. In my case i dont have that access. another one that looked interesting was Static IP for dynamic IP the first answer seems exactly what I need but I dont know how I would go about doing the same on a windows machine. any help would be really appreciated. (am sorry about being soo noob-ish) PS: Right now everyone is using RDC/LogMeIn to access an internet connected machine in the office to manually check the webservice and getting work done. Which is a very tedious process.

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• access an IP restricted service from a dynamic IP (Broadband modem) on a windows machine

  - by Joel Alenchery

  Hi, I dont know if this is the correct place to ask this question but here goes .. (please note that I am pretty much a newbie in terms of networking and I work primarily on the windows platform) I have been working on accessing and consuming some web services in C#/ASP.Net, these web services that I consume are IP restricted. Currently they allow access only from my work network (we have a static ip set up through which all our internet requests are routed). Every now and then we have people who go out and about and are stuck with using a usb dongle based internet connection and hence are not able to now access these web services that they are working on. What I would like to do is to provide some way for these remote workers to access the IP restricted web services using the static ip at our office. For example when the remote worker tries to access a service say http://exampleService.com .. the request gets routed to some box at our office and then out to the actual service. That way the service always sees the static ip of the office and not the dynamic ip that the remote user is actually using. I have done a fair bit of googling and its difficult to search for it as most of the results come back for dynamic DNS which is not really what I am looking for. I have also looked at a couple of posts on here namely http://serverfault.com/questions/187231/accessing-ip-restricted-server-from-dynamic-ip which does provide some insight but the fellow seems to have access to the source that does the ip restriction and is able to change the restrictions. In my case i dont have that access. another one that looked interesting was http://serverfault.com/questions/136806/static-ip-for-dynamic-ip the first answer seems exactly what I need but I dont know how I would go about on a windows machine. any help would be really appreciated. (am sorry about being soo noob-ish) PS: Right now everyone is using RDC/LogMeIn to access an internet connected machine in the office to manually check the webservice and getting work done. Which is a very tedious process.

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• Bind an ip address to Postfix as outgoing ip

  - by jack

  Is that possible to bind all available public ip addresses on a server to one Postfix instance as its outgoing ip pool and let it choose a random ip or specified ip from the pool each time it sends out an email? If above is not possible, can it be configured to listen on one public ip address per instance and each time it delivers a message, it use the binded one as outgoing ip address.

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• Watchguard firebox: public IP addresses behind firewall with as much usable IP addresses as possible

  - by martinezpt

  Our ISP assigned us 16 public IP addresses that we want to assign to hosts behind a Watchguard firebox x750e. The IP addresses are: x.x.x.176/28 of which x.x.x.177 is the gateway. The hosts will be running software that needs to be directly assigned the public IP address so 1:1 NAT is not an option. I found this document that gives examples on how to assign public IP addresses to hosts behind the firewall, using an optional interface: http://www.watchguard.com/help/configuration-examples/public_IP_behind_XTM_configuration_example_(en-US).pdf However, I can't implement scenario 1 as it won't allow me to use the same subnet on both interfaces. As for scenario 2, splitting the address range into 2 subnets will decrease the usable hosts on the optional interface to 5 (8 - network - broadcast - optional interface ip). I'm convinced that there must be a better way to address this problem and maximize the number of usable IP addresses but I'm not very familiar with this specific firewall. Are there any suggestions on how to keep the hosts behind the firewall with public IP addresses while maximizing the usable IP addresses? thanks

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• Getting USB Wifi device to work

  - by Lolwhites

  I have been trying to get an Olitec Wifi N USB dongle to work. At first it lit up but wouldn't connect. A little Googling suggested that it would need ndiswrapper to make it work. After installing and trying to add driver with ndisgtk, I got the error message FATAL: Module ndiswrapper not found., but the driver appears in the list of currently installed ones anyway. However, the situation appears even worse: The USB device doesn't even light up (which it does when plugged into my netbook), suggesting the thing isn't detected any more. How to I go about resolving this issue? I've tried uninstalling ndiswrapper but there seems to have been some permanent change as the device is still not lighting up, as it did at first. Edit: Contents of /etc/modprobe.d/ndiswrapper.conf alias usb:v04F2pAFF7d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v04F2pAFF8d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v04F2pAFF9d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v04F2pAFFAd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v04F2pAFFBd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v04F2pAFFCd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v050Dp1102d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v050Dp2102d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v050Dp2103d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0586p341Fd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v06F8pE033d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v07AAp0056d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v07B8p8178d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v07B8p8189d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0B05p17ABd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8170d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8176d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8177d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8178d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp817Ad*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp817Bd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp817Cd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp817Ed*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp817Fd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8186d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BDAp8192d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0BFFp8160d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0DF6p0052d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0DF6p005Cd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0DF6p0061d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v0EB0p9071d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v103Cp1629d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v13D3p3357d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v13D3p3358d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v13D3p3359d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2001p3307d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2001p3308d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2001p3309d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2001p330Ad*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019p1201d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019p4902d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019p4903d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019p4904d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019pAB2Ad*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019pAB2Bd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019pAB2Cd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019pAB2Ed*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v2019pED17d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v20F4p624Dd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v20F4p648Bd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v20F4p664Bd*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v4855p0090d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v4855p0091d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v4856p0091d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v7392p7811d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper alias usb:v7392p7822d*dc*dsc*dp*ic*isc*ip* ndiswrapper

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• Routing protocols, distance vector vs link state

  - by Artem Barger

  I'm trying to figure out the differences(pros/cons) between two routing protocols approach and I would be great-full for any help, advice and explanation. As far I can say that it seems like distance vector is more static and more local based routing, since it doesn't know the network state whereas link state is more aware of current states therefore it seems more natural to use it over distance-vector, but I have a feeling like I'm missing something. And I would be glad to here about more aspects and different issues I have to consider while choosing one of them.

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• multiple ip for a server not reachable

  - by andrewk

  FYI: I've read everything on Serverfault related to this question and have faced a different issue. Simply put, I've got one server (apache2) with couple of sites on it. It currently has 1 ip. I'm trying to assign/add another ip to that server, so I can give each site a different ip for ssl purposes. I am not lucking out. The new ip simply is unreachable, I've pinged it. This is what I've got below, what am I doing wrong. auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 eth0:0 eth0:1 iface eth0 inet static address 70.116.5.244 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 70.116.5.1 #THE NEW IP iface eth0:0 inet static address 26.175.217.102 netmask 255.255.255.0 #PRIVATE IP iface eth0:1 inet static address 192.168.158.88 netmask 255.255.128.0 NOTE: THESE IP'S ARE TWEAKED BUT RELATIVE I've read many questions here 90% similar to this but most actually have the IP respond, not this case. Thanks netstar -r output Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface default gw-u6.linode.co 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 70.116.5.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 26.175.217.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.128.0 * 255.255.128.0 U 0 0 0 eth0

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• Cisco Catalyst 4500 Policy Based Routing

  - by Logan

  In order to test a new firewall I just set up I'm trying to implement policy based routing on our core switch. I want traffic from certain vlans to be routed to the new firewall while everything else continues being routed through the old firewall. I was trying to use this guide. Everything from that guide works fine except trying to run the "ip policy route-map" command in the interface configuration mode. IOS is telling me that such a command doesn't exist. A "show ip interface vlan" command says that policy routing is disabled. Any ideas? Output of "show ver": Cisco IOS Software, Catalyst 4500 L3 Switch Software (cat4500-IPBASEK9-M), Version 12.2(53)SG, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc3) Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport Copyright (c) 1986-2009 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Thu 16-Jul-09 19:49 by prod_rel_team Image text-base: 0x10000000, data-base: 0x11D1E3CC ROM: 12.2(31r)SG2 Dagobah Revision 226, Swamp Revision 34 RTTMCB2223-1 uptime is 3 years, 22 weeks, 2 days, 19 hours, 28 minutes Uptime for this control processor is 51 weeks, 2 days, 18 hours, 2 minutes System returned to ROM by power-on System restarted at 19:22:02 UTC Tue Jul 12 2011 System image file is "bootflash:cat4500-ipbasek9-mz.122-53.sg.bin" ... cisco WS-C4510R (MPC8245) processor (revision 4) with 524288K bytes of memory. Processor board ID FOX103703W3 MPC8245 CPU at 400Mhz, Supervisor V Last reset from PowerUp 42 Virtual Ethernet interfaces 244 Gigabit Ethernet interfaces 511K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory. Configuration register is 0x2

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• IP alias lost when changing main IP

  - by rmflow

  my /etc/network/interfaces: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.3.75 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.3.0 Situation 1: After linux booted I set an IP alias: ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.3.111 Now ifconfig reports two IP addresses 192.168.3.75 at eth0 and 192.168.3.111 at eth0:0 When I change main IP to another network: ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.111 the alias eth0:0 is lost! Situation 2: After linux booted I set an IP alias: ifconfig eth0:0 192.168.4.111 Now ifconfig reports two IP addresses 192.168.3.75 at eth0 and 192.168.4.111 at eth0:0 When I change main IP to another network: ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.111 the alias eth0:0 stays! How do I properly change main IP, so all my aliases are not lost?

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• IP Forwarding and Routing in Windows 2008

  - by Danialzo

  I have Hyper-V running on a windows 2008. I got a new ip stack from the data center to be set on my virtual machines. But I have difficulties to set these IPs on my VMs because they are on different network. my current server ip is xxx.xxx.18.6 with MASK : 255.255.255.224 and the GW is xxx.xxx.18.1 my new ip stack is xxx.xxx.168.176/29 I can use RRAS to achieve this. Do I need to create another NIC? How do I make these VMs reachable from outside?

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• linux routing bug?

  - by Balázs Pozsár

  I have been struggling with this not easily reproducible issue since a while. I am using linux kernel v3.1.0, and sometimes routing to a few IP addresses does not work. What seems to happen is that instead of sending the packet to the gateway, the kernel treats the destination address as local, and tries to gets its MAC address via ARP. For example, now my current IP address is 172.16.1.104/24, the gateway is 172.16.1.254: # ifconfig eth0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1B:63:97:FC:DC inet addr:172.16.1.104 Bcast:172.16.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:230772 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:171013 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:191879370 (182.9 Mb) TX bytes:47173253 (44.9 Mb) Interrupt:17 # route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 I can ping a few addresses, but not 172.16.0.59: # ping -c1 172.16.1.254 PING 172.16.1.254 (172.16.1.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.383 ms --- 172.16.1.254 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.383/0.383/0.383/0.000 ms root@pozsybook:~# ping -c1 172.16.0.1 PING 172.16.0.1 (172.16.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=5.54 ms --- 172.16.0.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.545/5.545/5.545/0.000 ms root@pozsybook:~# ping -c1 172.16.0.2 PING 172.16.0.2 (172.16.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.0.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=7.92 ms --- 172.16.0.2 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 7.925/7.925/7.925/0.000 ms root@pozsybook:~# ping -c1 172.16.0.59 PING 172.16.0.59 (172.16.0.59) 56(84) bytes of data. From 172.16.1.104 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable --- 172.16.0.59 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms When trying to ping 172.16.0.59, I can see in tcpdump that an ARP req was sent: # tcpdump -n -i eth0|grep ARP tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 15:25:16.671217 ARP, Request who-has 172.16.0.59 tell 172.16.1.104, length 28 and /proc/net/arp has an incomplete entry for 172.16.0.59: # grep 172.16.0.59 /proc/net/arp 172.16.0.59 0x1 0x0 00:00:00:00:00:00 * eth0 Please note, that 172.16.0.59 is accessible from this LAN from other computers. Does anyone have any idea of what's going on? Thanks. update: replies to the comments below: there are no interfaces besides eth0 and lo the ARP req cannot be seen on the other end, but that's how it should work. the main problem is that an ARP req should not even be sent at the first place the problem persist even if I add an explicit route with the command "route add -host 172.16.0.59 gw 172.16.1.254 dev eth0"

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• Static Routes and the Routing Table

  - by TheD

  This is very much a learning question if someone would be happy to explain a couple of concepts. My question is - the default routing table that exists in, in my case, a default Windows 7 install, what do each of the routes in the table do? Here is a screenshot: The 10.128.4.0 is just a route I've added while messing. I understand from a question I posted on Superuser the first route is just a default route that will route all traffic for any IP to my default gateway on my Interface in use. But what about the others? And how would the routing table handle a machine with multiple NIC's, perhaps connected to two different networks, or maybe even two NIC's on the same network so a VM can have a physical Network card instead of each VM sharing the hosts. Thanks!

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• Redirect all outgoing traffic on port 80 to a different IP on the same server

  - by Spacedust

  I have multiple IP addresses on the same server and I would like to redirect all outgoing traffic on port 80 to a different IP on the same server just no to use always main IP. Currently I'm using this: /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j SNAT --to-source IP; and it works well, but it redirects everything and when I make backups over SSH backup it's failing. System: CentOS 5.8 64-bit

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• Errors when switching to specific static IP

  - by michaelc

  I had a Fedora box running using my static IP 69.169.136.6, etc, all configured according to what the ISP required. Just recently the hard drive failed (and I should have been keeping better backups) - while it is being recovered I would like to put up a webpage on my Archlinux PC explaining the problem - I presently do not have sufficient access to change the DNS record assigned to the domain. When I change my ip address while my system is running to 69.169.136.6, ifconfig reports the new ip address, but http://whatismyip.com/ does not. When I change it and reboot, I can't ping - the message I recieve is "connect: Network is unreachable" (when given one of google.com 's IP addresses - hostnames give me ping: unknown host xxx). Until I have access to the DNS system, what can I do to make this work? Edit: With new IP address, same problem, IP is now 69.169.136.29. Some commands might be useful: #ping 69.169.136.1 PING 69.169.136.1 (69.169.136.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 69.169.136.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms #ping 69.169.190.211 connect: Network is unreachable #ping 208.72.160.67 connect: Network is unreachable #ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:E0:4D:97:23:9B inet addr:69.169.136.29 Bcast:69.169.137.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:4dff:fe97:239b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:132091 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:17 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:9635179 (9.1 Mb) TX bytes:1322 (1.2 Kb) Interrupt:29 Base address:0x6000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2480 (2.4 Kb) TX bytes:2480 (2.4 Kb) #ip route 69.169.136.0/23 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 69.169.136.29 #cat /etc/resolv.conf # Generated by dhcpcd #nameserver 208.67.222.222 #nameserver 208.67.220.220 nameserver 69.169.190.211 nameserver 208.72.160.67 # /etc/resolv.conf.tail can replace this line Update: have new static IP addresses, verified to work in Windows... Relevant portions of /etc/rc.conf below: #Static IP example #eth0="eth0 69.169.136.6 netmask 255.255.254.0 broadcast 69.169.136.1" #eth0="eth0 69.169.136.29 netmask 255.255.254.0 broadcast 69.169.137.255" eth0="eth0 69.169.136.32 netmask 255.255.254.0 broadcast 69.169.137.255" #eth0="dhcp" INTERFACES=(eth0) # Routes to start at boot-up (in this order) # Declare each route then list in ROUTES # - prefix an entry in ROUTES with a ! to disable it # #gateway="default gw 192.168.0.1" gateway="default gw 69.169.136.1" #gateway="69.169.136.1" ROUTES=(!gateway) #ROUTES=()

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• Redundant OpenVPN connections with advanced Linux routing over an unreliable network

  - by konrad

  I am currently living in a country that blocks many websites and has unreliable network connections to the outside world. I have two OpenVPN endpoints (say: vpn1 and vpn2) on Linux servers that I use to circumvent the firewall. I have full access to these servers. This works quite well, except for the high package loss on my VPN connections. This packet loss varies between 1% and 30% depending on time and seems to have a low correlation, most of the time it seems random. I am thinking about setting up a home router (also on Linux) that maintains OpenVPN connections to both endpoints and sends all packets twice, to both endpoints. vpn2 would send all packets from home to vpn1. Return trafic would be send both directly from vpn1 to home, and also through vpn2. +------------+ | home | +------------+ | | | OpenVPN | | links | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ unreliable connection | | +----------+ +----------+ | vpn1 |---| vpn2 | +----------+ +----------+ | +------------+ | HTTP proxy | +------------+ | (internet) For clarity: all packets between home and the HTTP proxy will be duplicated and sent over different paths, to increase the chances one of them will arrive. If both arrive, the first second one can be silently discarded. Bandwidth usage is not an issue, both on the home side and endpoint side. vpn1 and vpn2 are close to each other (3ms ping) and have a reliable connection. Any pointers on how this could be achieved using the advanced routing policies available in Linux?

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• Just released: a new SEO extension for the ASP.NET MVC routing engine

  - by efran.cobisi

  Dear users,after several months of hard work, we are proud to announce to the world that Cobisi's new SEO routing engine for ASP.NET MVC has been officially released! We even provide a free edition which comes at no cost, so this is something you can't really miss if you are a serious ASP.NET developer. ;)SEO routes for ASP.NET MVCCobisi SEO Extensions - this is the name of the product - is an advanced tool for software developers that allows to optimize ASP.NET MVC web applications and sites for search engines. It comes with a powerful routing engine, which extends the standard ASP.NET routing module to provide a much more flexible way to define search optimized routes, and a complete set of classes that make customizing the entire routing infrastructure very easy and cool.In its simplest form, defining a route for an MVC action is just a matter of decorating the method with the [Route("...")] attribute and specifying the desired URL. The library will take care of the rest and set up the route accordingly; while coding routes this way, Cobisi SEO Extensions also shows how the final routes will be, without leaving the Visual Studio IDE!Manage MVC routes with easeIn fact, Cobisi SEO Extensions integrates with the Visual Studio IDE to offer a large set of time-saving improvements targeted at ASP.NET developers. A new tool window, for example, allows to easily browse among the routes exposed by your applications, being them standard ASP.NET routes, MVC specific routes or SEO routes. The routes can be easily filtered on the fly, to ease finding the ones you are interested in. Double clicking a SEO route will even open the related ASP.NET MVC controller, at the beginning of the specified action method.In addition to that, Cobisi SEO Extensions allows to easily understand how each SEO route is composed by showing the routing model details directly in the IDE, beneath each MVC action route.Furthermore, Cobisi SEO Extensions helps developers to easily recognize which class is an MVC controller and which methods is an MVC action by drawing a special dashed underline mark under each items of these categories.Developers, developers, developers, ...We are really eager to receive your feedback and suggestions - please feel free to ping us with your comments! Thank you! Cheers! -- Efran Cobisi Cobisi lead developer Microsoft MVP, MCSD, MCAD, MCTS: SQL Server 2005, MCP

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