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• When do I need to deallocate memory? C++

  - by extintor

  I am using this code inside a class to make a webbrowser control visit a website: void myClass::visitWeb(const char *url) { WCHAR buffer[MAX_LEN]; ZeroMemory(buffer, sizeof(buffer)); MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_ERR_INVALID_CHARS, url, strlen(url), buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1); VARIANT vURL; vURL.vt = VT_BSTR; vURL.bstrVal = SysAllocString(buffer); // webbrowser navigate code... VariantClear(&vURL); } Do I need to do some memory deallocation here?, I see vURL is being deallocated by VariantClear but should I deallocate memory for buffer? I've been told that in another bool I have in the same app I shouldn't deallocate anything because everything clear out when the bool return true/false, but what happens on this void?

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• Another memory leak question

  - by James

  Hello My application keeps running for 4 to 6 hours, During this time there is no contineous increase in memory or anything similar. Then after 4 to 6 hours i start getting EOutofMemory Exceptions. Even still at that time there is only 900MB out of 3GB RAM is used as per task manager. And application itself is not using more then 200MB . Then why i am getting EOoutofMEmory error ? Does it mean that memory leak is not necessarily visible in task manager ? Regagards

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• Windows Server task manager displays much higher memory use than sum of all processes' working set s

  - by Sleepless

  I have a 16 GB Windows Server 2008 x64 machine mostly running SQL Server 2008. The free memory as seen in Task Manager is very low (128 MB at the moment), i.e. about 15.7 GB are used. So far, so good. Now when I try to narrow down the process(es) using the most memory I get confused: None of the processes have more than 200MB Working Set Size as displayed in the 'Processes' tab of Task Manager. Well, maybe the Working Set Size isn't the relevant counter? To figure that out I used a PowerShell command [1] to sum up each individual property of the process object in sort of a brute force approach - surely one of them must add up to the 15.7 GB, right? Turns out none of them does, with the closest being VirtualMemorySize (around 12.7 GB) and PeakVirtualMemorySize (around 14.7 GB). WTF? To put it another way: Which of the numerous memory related process information is the "correct" one, i.e. counts towards the server's physical memory as displayed in the Task Manager's 'Performance' tab? Thank you all! [1] $erroractionpreference="silentlycontinue"; get-process | gm | where-object {$.membertype -eq "Property"} | foreach-object {$.name; (get-process | measure-object -sum $_.name ).sum / 1MB}

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• Oracle Announces Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine

  - by jgelhaus

  Fourth Generation Exadata X3 Systems are Ideal for High-End OLTP, Large Data Warehouses, and Database Clouds; Eighth-Rack Configuration Offers New Low-Cost Entry Point ORACLE OPENWORLD, SAN FRANCISCO – October 1, 2012 News Facts During his opening keynote address at Oracle OpenWorld, Oracle CEO, Larry Ellison announced the Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine - the latest generation of its Oracle Exadata Database Machines. The Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine is a key component of the Oracle Cloud. Oracle Exadata X3-2 Database In-Memory Machine and Oracle Exadata X3-8 Database In-Memory Machine can store up to hundreds of Terabytes of compressed user data in Flash and RAM memory, virtually eliminating the performance overhead of reads and writes to slow disk drives, making Exadata X3 systems the ideal database platforms for the varied and unpredictable workloads of cloud computing. In order to realize the highest performance at the lowest cost, the Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine implements a mass memory hierarchy that automatically moves all active data into Flash and RAM memory, while keeping less active data on low-cost disks. With a new Eighth-Rack configuration, the Oracle Exadata X3-2 Database In-Memory Machine delivers a cost-effective entry point for smaller workloads, testing, development and disaster recovery systems, and is a fully redundant system that can be used with mission critical applications. Next-Generation Technologies Deliver Dramatic Performance Improvements Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machines use a combination of scale-out servers and storage, InfiniBand networking, smart storage, PCI Flash, smart memory caching, and Hybrid Columnar Compression to deliver extreme performance and availability for all Oracle Database Workloads. Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine systems leverage next-generation technologies to deliver significant performance enhancements, including: Four times the Flash memory capacity of the previous generation; with up to 40 percent faster response times and 100 GB/second data scan rates. Combined with Exadata’s unique Hybrid Columnar Compression capabilities, hundreds of Terabytes of user data can now be managed entirely within Flash; 20 times more capacity for database writes through updated Exadata Smart Flash Cache software. The new Exadata Smart Flash Cache software also runs on previous generation Exadata systems, increasing their capacity for writes tenfold; 33 percent more database CPU cores in the Oracle Exadata X3-2 Database In-Memory Machine, using the latest 8-core Intel® Xeon E5-2600 series of processors; Expanded 10Gb Ethernet connectivity to the data center in the Oracle Exadata X3-2 provides 40 10Gb network ports per rack for connecting users and moving data; Up to 30 percent reduction in power and cooling. Configured for Your Business, Available Today Oracle Exadata X3-2 Database In-Memory Machine systems are available in a Full-Rack, Half-Rack, Quarter-Rack, and the new low-cost Eighth-Rack configuration to satisfy the widest range of applications. Oracle Exadata X3-8 Database In-Memory Machine systems are available in a Full-Rack configuration, and both X3 systems enable multi-rack configurations for virtually unlimited scalability. Oracle Exadata X3-2 and X3-8 Database In-Memory Machines are fully compatible with prior Exadata generations and existing systems can also be upgraded with Oracle Exadata X3-2 servers. Oracle Exadata X3 Database In-Memory Machine systems can be used immediately with any application certified with Oracle Database 11g R2 and Oracle Real Application Clusters, including SAP, Oracle Fusion Applications, Oracle’s PeopleSoft, Oracle’s Siebel CRM, the Oracle E-Business Suite, and thousands of other applications. Supporting Quotes “Forward-looking enterprises are moving towards Cloud Computing architectures,” said Andrew Mendelsohn, senior vice president, Oracle Database Server Technologies. “Oracle Exadata’s unique ability to run any database application on a fully scale-out architecture using a combination of massive memory for extreme performance and low-cost disk for high capacity delivers the ideal solution for Cloud-based database deployments today.” Supporting Resources Oracle Press Release Oracle Exadata Database Machine Oracle Exadata X3-2 Database In-Memory Machine Oracle Exadata X3-8 Database In-Memory Machine Oracle Database 11g Follow Oracle Database via Blog, Facebook and Twitter Oracle OpenWorld 2012 Oracle OpenWorld 2012 Keynotes Like Oracle OpenWorld on Facebook Follow Oracle OpenWorld on Twitter Oracle OpenWorld Blog Oracle OpenWorld on LinkedIn Mark Hurd's keynote with Andy Mendelsohn and Juan Loaiza - - watch for the replay to be available soon at http://www.youtube.com/user/Oracle or http://www.oracle.com/openworld/live/on-demand/index.html

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• Trying to find video of a talk on the impact of memory access latency

  - by user12889

  Some months ago I stumbled across a video on the internet of somebody giving a very good talk on the impact of memory access latency on the execution of programs. I'm trying to find the video again; maybe you know what video I mean and were I can find it. This is what I remember about the talk/video: I don't remember the title and it may have been broader, but the talk was a lot about impact of memory access latency in modern processors on program execution. The talk was in English and most likely the location was in America. The speaker was very knowledgeable about the topic, but the talk was in an informal setting (not a conference presentation or university lecture). I think the speaker was known to the audience and may even have been famous (I don't remember) The audience may have been a computer club / group of a local community or company (but I don't remember for sure)

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• SQL SERVER – Beginning New Weekly Series – Memory Lane – #001

  - by pinaldave

  I am introducing a new series today.  This series is called “Memory Lane.”  From the last six years and 2,300 articles, there are fantastic articles I keep revisiting.  Sometimes when I read old blog posts I think I should have included something or added a bit more to the topic.  But for many articles, I still feel they are fantastic (even after six years) and could be read again and again. I have also found that after six years of blogging, readers will write to me and say “Pinal, why don’t you write about X, Y or Z.”  The answer is: I already did!  It is here on the blog, or in the comments, or possibly in one of my books.  The solution has always been there, it is simply a matter of finding it and presenting it again.  That is why I have created Memory Lane.  I will be listing the best articles from the same week of the past six years.  You will find plenty of reading material every Saturday from articles of SQLAuthority past. Here is the list of curetted articles of SQLAuthority.com across all these years. Instead of just listing all the articles I have selected a few of my most favorite articles and have listed them here with additional notes below it. Let me know which one of the following is your favorite article from memory lane. 2006 Query to Display Foreign Key Relationships and Name of the Constraint for Each Table in Database My blogging journey began with this blog post. As many of you know my journey began with creating a repository of my scripts. This was very first script which I had written to find out foreign key relationship and constraints. The same query was updated later on using the new SYS schema modification in SQL Server. Version 1: Using sys.schema Version 2: Using sys.schema and additional columns 2007 Milestone Posts – 1 Year (365 blogs) and 1 Million Views When I reached 1st week of Nov in 2007 SQLAuthority.com blog had around 365 blog posts and 1 Million Views. I was not obsessed with the statistics before but this was indeed an interesting moment for me as I was blogging for myself and did not realize that so many people are reading my blog. In year 2006 there were not many bloggers so blogging was new to me as well. I was learning it as I go. 2008 Stored Procedure WITH ENCRYPTION and Execution Plan If you have stored procedure and its code is encrypted when you execute it what will be displayed in the execution plan. There are two kinds of execution plans 1) Estimated and 2) Actual. It will be indeed interesting to know what is displayed in both the cases when Stored Procedure is encrypted. What is your guess? Now go ahead and click on here and figure out your answer. If the user is not able to login into SQL Server due to any error or issues there were two different blog post addresses the same issue here and here. 2009 It seems like Nov is the month of SQLPASS month. In 2009 on the same week I was in USA attending SQLPASS event. I had a fantastic experience attending the event. Here are the blog posts covering the subject Day 1, Day 2, Day 3, Day 4 2010 Finding the last backup time for all the databases This little script is very powerful and instantly gives details when was the last time your database backup performed. If you are reading this blog post – I say just go ahead and check if everything is alright on your server and you have all the necessary latest backup. It is better to be safe than sorrow. Version 1: Above script was improved to get more details about the database Version 2: This version of the script will include pretty much have all the backup related information in a single script. Do not miss to save it for future use. Are you a Database Administrator or a Database Developer? Three years ago I created a very small survey and the results which I have received are very interesting. The question was asking what is the profile of the visitor of that blog post and I noticed that DBA and Developers have balanced with little inclination towards Developers. Have you voted so far? If not, go ahead! 2011 New Book Released – SQL Server Interview Questions And Answers One year ago, on November 3, 2011 I published my book SQL Server Interview Questions and Answers.  The book has a lot of great reviews, and we have even received emails telling us this book was a life changer because it helped get them a great new job.  I don’t think anyone can get a job just from my book.  It was the individual who studied hard and took it seriously, and was determined to learn something new.  The book might have helped guide them and show them the topics to study, but they spent their own energy on it.  It was their own skills that helped them pass the exam. So, in this very first installment, I would like to thank the readers for accepting our book, for giving it great reviews and for using it and sharing it.  Our goal in writing this book was to help others, and it seems like we succeeded. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Memory Lane, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Optimizing Memory Usage in a .NET Application with ANTS Memory Profiler

  Most people have encountered an OutOfMemory problem at some point or other, and these people know that tracking down the source of the problem is often a time-consuming and frustrating task. Florian Standhartinger gives us a walkthrough of how he used the ANTS Memory Profiler to help make an otherwise painful task that little bit less troublesome.

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• Instruction vs data cache usage

  - by Nick Rosencrantz

  Say I've got a cache memory where instruction and data have different cache memories ("Harvard architecture"). Which cache, instruction or data, is used most often? I mean "most often" as in time, not amount of data since data memory might be used "more" in terms of amount of data while instruction cache might be used "more often" especially depending on the program. Are there different answers a) in general and b) for a specific program?

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• Increase the size of a memory mapped file

  - by sandun dhammika

  I am maintaning a memory mapped file to store my tree like datastructure. When I'm updating the datastructure ,I got this problem. The file is limited on it's size and can't be too long or too small. I have a methods like void mapfile_insert_record(RECORD* /* record*/); void mapfile_modify_record(RECORD* /* record*/); Both operations could lead to exceed the space which is free on memory file. How do I overcome this? What strategy I should use. calculate whether it requires to exceed the file as a pre-condition on both methods. Dynamically exceed it , for a example manage a timer and constantly polling file for it's free avaliable size and then automatically extend it. Any ideas or patterns to overcome this problem?

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• ANTS Memory Profiler 7.0

  - by Sam Abraham

  In the next few lines, I would like to briefly review ANTS Memory Profiler 7.0.  I was honored to be extended the opportunity to review this valuable tool as part of the GeeksWithBlogs influencers Program, a quarterly award providing its recipients access to valuable tools and enabling them with an opportunity to provide a brief write-up reviewing the complimentary tools they receive.   Typical Usage   ANTS Memory Profiler 7.0 is very intuitive and easy to use for any user be it novice or expert. A simple yet comprehensive menu screen enables the selection of the appropriate program type to profile as well as the executable or site for this program.   A typical use case starts with establishing a baseline memory snapshot, which tells us the initial memory cost used by the program under normal or low activity conditions. We would then take a second snapshot after the program has performed an activity which we want to investigate for memory leaks. We can then compare the initial baseline snapshot against the snapshot when the program has completed processing the activity in question to study anomalies in memory that did not get freed-up after the program has completed its performed function. The following are some screenshots outlining the selection of the program to profile (an executable for this demonstration’s purposes).   Figure 1 - Getting Started   Figure 2 - Selecting an Application to Profile     Features and Options   Right after the second snapshot is generated, Memory Profiler gives us immediate access to information on memory fragmentation, size differences between snapshots, unmanaged memory allocation and statistics on the largest classes taking up un-freed memory space.   We would also have the option to itemize objects held in memory grouped by object types within which we can study the instances allocated of each type. Filtering options enable us to quickly narrow object instances we are interested in.   Figure 3 - Easily accessible Execution Memory Information   Figure 4 - Class List   Figure 5 - Instance List   Figure 6-  Retention Graph for a Particular Instance   Conclusion I greatly enjoyed the opportunity to evaluate ANTS Memory Profiler 7.0. The tool's intuitive User Interface design and easily accessible menu options enabled me to quickly identify problem areas where memory was left unfreed in my code.     Tutorials and References  FInd out more About ANTS Memory Profiler 7.0 http://www.red-gate.com/supportcenter/Product?p=ANTS Memory Profiler   Checkout what other reviewers of this valuable tool have already shared: http://geekswithblogs.net/BlackRabbitCoder/archive/2011/03/10/ants-memory-profiler-7.0.aspx http://geekswithblogs.net/mikebmcl/archive/2011/02/28/ants-memory-profiler-7.0-review.aspx

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• Memory Management/Embedded Management in C

  - by Sauron

  Im wondering if there is a set or a few good books/Tutorials/Etc.. that go into Memory Management/Allocation Specifically (or at least have a good dedicated section to it) when it comes to C. This is more for me learning Embedded and trying to keep Size down. I've read and Learned C fine, and the "standard" Learning books. However most of the books don't spend a huge amount of time (Understandably since C is pretty huge in general) going into the Finer details about whats going on Down Under. I saw a few on Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/C-Pointers-Dynamic-Memory-Management/dp/0471561525 http://www.amazon.com/Understanding-Pointers-C-Yashavant-Kanetkar/dp/8176563587/ref=pd_sim_b_1 (Not sure how relevant this would be) A specific Book for Embedded that has to do with this would be nice. But Code Samples or...Heck tutorials or anything about this topic would be helpful!

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• Can coding style cause or influence memory fragmentation?

  - by Robert Dailey

  As the title states, I'd like to know if coding style can cause or influence memory fragmentation in a native application, specifically one written using C++. If it does, I'd like to know how. An example of what I mean by coding style is using std::string to represent strings (even static strings) and perform operations on them instead of using the C Library (such as strcmp, strlen, and so on) which can work both on dynamic strings and static strings (the latter point is beneficial since it does not require an additional allocation to access string functions, which is not the case with std::string). A "forward-looking" attitude I have with C++ is to not use the CRT, since to do so would, in a way, be a step backwards. However, such a style results in more dynamic allocations, and especially for a long living application like a server, this causes some speculation that memory fragmentation might become a problem.

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• web sites leaking memory? IIS 7.5 Windows server 2008 R2

  - by Charles

  I have several web sites on my windows 2008 server that have been working flawlessly for over a year. Just a few days ago I ran into an issue where my server stopped serving up pages on some of these sites for no apparent reason. I dug into it a little more today and I see that some of my sites (they're all asp.net mvc 3.0 sites), are consuming over 460MB of memory. Like I said, this just started the other day after a very long period of time of no issues at all. I have two questions: 1) is there a way to throttle how much memory is consumed by the w3wp process before I can force it to restart (restart the app pool for a particular site) so that it doesn't keep hogging all of the memory? 2) any ideas what could have caused this to start happening?

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• Java memory usage increases when App is used, but doesnt decrease when not being used.

  - by gren

  I have a java application that uses a lot of memory when used, but when the program is not being used, the memory usage doesnt go down. Is there a way to force Java to release this memory? Because this memory is not needed at that time, I can understand to reserve a small amount of memory, but Java just reserves all the memory it ever uses. It also reuses this memory later but there must be a way to force Java to release it when its not needed. System.gc is not working.

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• How to create layout-small-land folder?

  - by codedeziner

  I want to create separate folders for my layouts, like this in my resource directory: layout-land layout-port this is ok, but this: layout-small-land layout-small-port or layout-land-small layout-port-small Results in: 'Invalid resource directory name' What gives?

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• Memory leak when returning object

  - by Yakattak

  I have this memory leak that has been very stubborn for the past week or so. I have a class method I use in a class called "ArchiveManager" that will unarchive a specific .dat file for me, and return an array with it's contents. Here is the method: +(NSMutableArray *)unarchiveCustomObject { NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:/* Archive Path */]]; return array; } I understand I don't have ownership of it at this point, and I return it. CustomObject *myObject = [[ArchiveManager unarchiveCustomObject] objectAtIndex:0]; Then, later when I unarchive it in a view controller to be used (I don't even create an array of it, nor do I make a pointer to it, I just reference it to get something out of the array returned by unarchiveCustomIbject (objectAtIndex). This is where Instruments is calling a memory leak, yet I don't see how this can leak! Any ideas? Thanks in advance. Edit: CustomObject initWithCoder added: -(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder { if (self = [super init]) { self.string1 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString1]; self.string2 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString2]; self.string3 = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kString3]; UIImage *picture = [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kPicture]]; self.picture = picture; self.array = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kArray]; [picture release]; } return self; }

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• Simple dynamic memory allocation bug.

  - by M4design

  I'm sure you (pros) can identify the bug's' in my code, I also would appreciate any other comments on my code. BTW, the code crashes after I run it. #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <stdbool.h> typedef struct { int x; int y; } Location; typedef struct { bool walkable; unsigned char walked; // number of times walked upon } Cell; typedef struct { char name[40]; // Name of maze Cell **grid; // 2D array of cells int rows; // Number of rows int cols; // Number of columns Location entrance; } Maze; Maze *maz_new() { int i = 0; Maze *mazPtr = (Maze *)malloc(sizeof (Maze)); if(!mazPtr) { puts("The memory couldn't be initilised, Press ENTER to exit"); getchar(); exit(-1); } else { // allocating memory for the grid mazPtr->grid = (Cell **) malloc((sizeof (Cell)) * (mazPtr->rows)); for(i = 0; i < mazPtr->rows; i++) mazPtr->grid[i] = (Cell *) malloc((sizeof (Cell)) * (mazPtr->cols)); } return mazPtr; } void maz_delete(Maze *maz) { int i = 0; if (maz != NULL) { for(i = 0; i < maz->rows; i++) free(maz->grid[i]); free(maz->grid); } } int main() { Maze *ptr = maz_new(); maz_delete(ptr); getchar(); return 0; } Thanks in advance.

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• UIViewController memory management

  - by jAmi

  Hi I have a very basic issue of memory management with my UIViewController (or any other object that I create); The problem is that in Instruments my Object allocation graph is always rising even though I am calling release on then assigning them nil. I have 2 UIViewController sub-classes each initializing with a NIB; I add the first ViewController to the main window like [window addSubView:first.view]; Then in my first ViewController nib file I have a Button which loads the second ViewController like : -(IBAction)loadSecondView{ if(second!=nil){ //second is set as an iVar and @property (nonatomic, retain)ViewController2* sceond; [second release]; second=nil; } second=[[ViewController2* second]initWithNibName:@"ViewController2" bundle:nil]; [self.view addSubView:second.view]; } In my (second) ViewController2 i have a button with an action method -(IBAction) removeSecond{ [self.view removeFromSuperView]; } Please let me know if the above scheme works in a managed way for memory...? In Instruments It does not show release of any allocation and keeps the bar status graph keeps on rising.

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• What is the best way to find a processed memory allocations in terms of C# objects

  - by Shantaram

  I have written various C# console based applications, some of them long running some not, which can over time have a large memory foot print. When looking at the windows perofrmance monitor via the task manager, the same question keeps cropping up in my mind; how do I get a break down of the number objects by type that are contributing to this footprint; and which of those are f-reachable and those which aren't and hence can be collected. On numerous occasions I've performed a code inspection to ensure that I am not unnecessarily holding on objects longer than required and disposing of objects with the using construct. I have also recently looked at employing the CG.Collect method when I have released a large number of objects (for example held in a collection which has just been cleared). However, I am not so sure that this made that much difference, so I threw that code away. I am guessing that there are tools in sysinternals suite than can help to resolve these memory type quiestions but I am not sure which and how to use them. The alternative would be to pay for a third party profiling tool such as JetBrains dotTrace; but I need to make sure that I've explored the free options first before going cap in hand to my manager.

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• Get Object from memory using memory adresse

  - by Hamza Karmouda

  I want to know how to get an Object from memory, in my case a MediaRecorder. Here's my class: Mymic class: public class MyMic { MediaRecorder recorder2; File file; private Context c; public MyMic(Context context){ this.c=context; } private void stopRecord() throws IOException { recorder2.stop(); recorder2.reset(); recorder2.release(); } private void startRecord() { recorder2= new MediaRecorder(); recorder2.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC); recorder2.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP); recorder2.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB); recorder2.setOutputFile(file.getPath()); try { recorder2.prepare(); recorder2.start(); } catch (IllegalStateException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } my Receiver Class: public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { private Context c; private MyMic myMic; @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { this.c=context; myMic = new MyMic(c); if(my condition = true){ myMic.startRecord(); }else myMic.stopRecord(); } } So when I'm calling startRecord() it create a new MediaRecorder but when i instantiate my class a second time i can't retrieve my Object. Can i retrieve my MediaRecorder with his addresse

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• SQL SERVER – Weekly Series – Memory Lane – #035

  - by Pinal Dave

  Here is the list of selected articles of SQLAuthority.com across all these years. Instead of just listing all the articles I have selected a few of my most favorite articles and have listed them here with additional notes below it. Let me know which one of the following is your favorite article from memory lane. 2007 Row Overflow Data Explanation  In SQL Server 2005 one table row can contain more than one varchar(8000) fields. One more thing, the exclusions has exclusions also the limit of each individual column max width of 8000 bytes does not apply to varchar(max), nvarchar(max), varbinary(max), text, image or xml data type columns. Comparison Index Fragmentation, Index De-Fragmentation, Index Rebuild – SQL SERVER 2000 and SQL SERVER 2005 An old but like a gold article. Talks about lots of concepts related to Index and the difference from earlier version to the newer version. I strongly suggest that everyone should read this article just to understand how SQL Server has moved forward with the technology. Improvements in TempDB SQL Server 2005 had come up with quite a lots of improvements and this blog post describes them and explains the same. If you ask me what is my the most favorite article from early career. I must point out to this article as when I wrote this one I personally have learned a lot of new things. Recompile All The Stored Procedure on Specific TableI prefer to recompile all the stored procedure on the table, which has faced mass insert or update. sp_recompiles marks stored procedures to recompile when they execute next time. This blog post explains the same with the help of a script.  2008 SQLAuthority Download – SQL Server Cheatsheet You can download and print this cheat sheet and use it for your personal reference. If you have any suggestions, please let me know and I will see if I can update this SQL Server cheat sheet. Difference Between DBMS and RDBMS What is the difference between DBMS and RDBMS? DBMS – Data Base Management System RDBMS – Relational Data Base Management System or Relational DBMS High Availability – Hot Add Memory Hot Add CPU and Hot Add Memory are extremely interesting features of the SQL Server, however, personally I have not witness them heavily used. These features also have few restriction as well. I blogged about them in detail. 2009 Delete Duplicate Rows I have demonstrated in this blog post how one can identify and delete duplicate rows. Interesting Observation of Logon Trigger On All Servers – Solution The question I put forth in my previous article was – In single login why the trigger fires multiple times; it should be fired only once. I received numerous answers in thread as well as in my MVP private news group. Now, let us discuss the answer for the same. The answer is – It happens because multiple SQL Server services are running as well as intellisense is turned on. Blog post demonstrates how we can do the same with the help of SQL scripts. Management Studio New Features I have selected my favorite 5 features and blogged about it. IntelliSense for Query Editing Multi Server Query Query Editor Regions Object Explorer Enhancements Activity Monitors Maximum Number of Index per Table One of the questions I asked in my user group was – What is the maximum number of Index per table? I received lots of answers to this question but only two answers are correct. Let us now take a look at them in this blog post. 2010 Default Statistics on Column – Automatic Statistics on Column The truth is, Statistics can be in a table even though there is no Index in it. If you have the auto- create and/or auto-update Statistics feature turned on for SQL Server database, Statistics will be automatically created on the Column based on a few conditions. Please read my previously posted article, SQL SERVER – When are Statistics Updated – What triggers Statistics to Update, for the specific conditions when Statistics is updated. 2011 T-SQL Scripts to Find Maximum between Two Numbers In this blog post there are two different scripts listed which demonstrates way to find the maximum number between two numbers. I need your help, which one of the script do you think is the most accurate way to find maximum number? Find Details for Statistics of Whole Database – DMV – T-SQL Script I was recently asked is there a single script which can provide all the necessary details about statistics for any database. This question made me write following script. I was initially planning to use sp_helpstats command but I remembered that this is marked to be deprecated in future. 2012 Introduction to Function SIGN SIGN Function is very fundamental function. It will return the value 1, -1 or 0. If your value is negative it will return you negative -1 and if it is positive it will return you positive +1. Let us start with a simple small example. Template Browser – A Very Important and Useful Feature of SSMS Templates are like a quick cheat sheet or quick reference. Templates are available to create objects like databases, tables, views, indexes, stored procedures, triggers, statistics, and functions. Templates are also available for Analysis Services as well. The template scripts contain parameters to help you customize the code. You can Replace Template Parameters dialog box to insert values into the script. An invalid floating point operation occurred If you run any of the above functions they will give you an error related to invalid floating point. Honestly there is no workaround except passing the function appropriate values. SQRT of a negative number will give you result in real numbers which is not supported at this point of time as well LOG of a negative number is not possible (because logarithm is the inverse function of an exponential function and the exponential function is NEVER negative). Validating Spatial Object with IsValidDetailed Function SQL Server 2012 has introduced the new function IsValidDetailed(). This function has made my life very easy. In simple words, this function will check if the spatial object passed is valid or not. If it is valid it will give information that it is valid. If the spatial object is not valid it will return the answer that it is not valid and the reason for the same. This makes it very easy to debug the issue and make the necessary correction. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Memory Lane, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Python: How to read huge text file into memory

  - by asmaier

  I'm using Python 2.6 on a Mac Mini with 1GB RAM. I want to read in a huge text file $ ls -l links.csv; file links.csv; tail links.csv -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 469904280 30 Nov 22:42 links.csv links.csv: ASCII text, with CRLF line terminators 4757187,59883 4757187,99822 4757187,66546 4757187,638452 4757187,4627959 4757187,312826 4757187,6143 4757187,6141 4757187,3081726 4757187,58197 So each line in the file consists of a tuple of two comma separated integer values. I want to read in the whole file and sort it according to the second column. I know, that I could do the sorting without reading the whole file into memory. But I thought for a file of 500MB I should still be able to do it in memory since I have 1GB available. However when I try to read in the file, Python seems to allocate a lot more memory than is needed by the file on disk. So even with 1GB of RAM I'm not able to read in the 500MB file into memory. My Python code for reading the file and printing some information about the memory consumption is: #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import sys infile=open("links.csv", "r") edges=[] count=0 #count the total number of lines in the file for line in infile: count=count+1 total=count print "Total number of lines: ",total infile.seek(0) count=0 for line in infile: edge=tuple(map(int,line.strip().split(","))) edges.append(edge) count=count+1 # for every million lines print memory consumption if count%1000000==0: print "Position: ", edge print "Read ",float(count)/float(total)*100,"%." mem=sys.getsizeof(edges) for edge in edges: mem=mem+sys.getsizeof(edge) for node in edge: mem=mem+sys.getsizeof(node) print "Memory (Bytes): ", mem The output I got was: Total number of lines: 30609720 Position: (9745, 2994) Read 3.26693612356 %. Memory (Bytes): 64348736 Position: (38857, 103574) Read 6.53387224712 %. Memory (Bytes): 128816320 Position: (83609, 63498) Read 9.80080837067 %. Memory (Bytes): 192553000 Position: (139692, 1078610) Read 13.0677444942 %. Memory (Bytes): 257873392 Position: (205067, 153705) Read 16.3346806178 %. Memory (Bytes): 320107588 Position: (283371, 253064) Read 19.6016167413 %. Memory (Bytes): 385448716 Position: (354601, 377328) Read 22.8685528649 %. Memory (Bytes): 448629828 Position: (441109, 3024112) Read 26.1354889885 %. Memory (Bytes): 512208580 Already after reading only 25% of the 500MB file, Python consumes 500MB. So it seem that storing the content of the file as a list of tuples of ints is not very memory efficient. Is there a better way to do it, so that I can read in my 500MB file into my 1GB of memory?

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• Calculate private working set (memory) using C#.

  - by Gnucom

  Hello, How do I calculate the private working set of memory using C#? I'm interested in produces roughly the same figure as taskmgr.exe. I'm using the Process namespace and using methods/data like WorkingSet64 and PrivateMemorySize64, but these figures are off by 100MB or more at times. Thanks,

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• Monitoring Windows Memory Mapped Files

  - by Bing Jian

  In Windows, how can I keep track of the file mapping objects created by CreateFileMapping()? Basically I want to know how many memory mapped files are in use and the information like their names, sizes, etc. Thanks!

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• How to get rid Memory Leak problem "open_handle_to_dylib_path"

  - by Krishnan

  Hi Friends, I am getting a memory leak of 128 bytes, in my iPhone App and the responsible caller mentioned in Instruments was "open_handle_to_dylib_path" and the responsible library is "CoreGraphics". So has anybody encountered this problem ? Thanks and regards, krishnan.

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