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• What is Paging in memory management?

  - by Fasih Khatib

  I was just reading Operating System Principles by Silberschatz et al when I came across paging in memory management.I'm slightly confused about it. It states that Physical Memory(I assume it's RAM) is divided into frames, and logical memory is divided into pages. CPU generates logical addresses containing page number and an offset. This page number is used to retrieve the frame number from a page table which gives the base address so the physical address is calculated as base+offset. My question is: is the page table maintained for every process? I logically think that the answer would be yes as every process will need to map its own pages to frames. I may be wrong. Please clarify. Also: paging and segmentation(where 'holes' are created in memory) are two totally different techniques that are not used in combination. Correct?

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• What should a programmer's yearly routine be to maximize their technical skills?

  - by sguptaet

  2 years ago I made a big career change into programming. I learned various technologies on my own without any prior experience. I really love it and feel lucky with all the resources around us to help us learn. Books, courses, open-source, etc. There are so many avenues. I'm wondering what a good routine would be to follow to maximize my software development skills. I don't believe just building software is the way, because that leaves no time for learning new concepts or technologies. I'm looking for an answer like this: Take a new concept sabbatical/workshop 2 weeks per year. Read 1 theoretical and 1 practical programming book per year. Learn 1 additional language every 2 years. Take a 1 week vacation every 6 months. Etc. I realize that the above might sound naive and unrealistic as there are so many factors. But I'd like to know the "recipe" that you think is best that will serve as a guide for people.

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• Dying SanDisk Memory Stick Pro Duo

  - by Different55

  I have a Memory Stick Pro Duo and after attempting to delete the largest file from a Mac the stick has become unusable. I can almost access it. When I put it in my PC I can open/delete/copy/paste/rename/modify one file/folder, then it can't detect the card. If I reinsert the card I can move on to the next file, but this is really annoying and my PSP won't read it at all. The memory card access light will flash for a really long time before it says that every file is corrupted. When I have tried to format it with either the PC, PSP, or a camera that uses a memory stick pro duo, it fails. I've tried with all the different options on windows, I tried formatting it through CMD, but nothing I have tried works. Should I copy every file off one by one or is there a way to fix it?

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• Game engine lib and editor

  - by luke

  I would like to know the best way/best practice to handle the following situation. Suppose the project you are working on is split in two sub-projects: game engine lib editor gui. Now, you have a method bool Method( const MethodParams &params ) that will be called during game-level initialization. So it is a method belonging to the game engine lib. Now, the parameters of this method, passed as a reference the structure MethodParams can be decided via the editor, in the level design phase. Suppose the structure is the following: enum Enum1 { E1_VAL1, E1_VAL2, }; enum Enum2 { E2_VAL1, E2_VAL2, E2_VAL3, }; struct MethodParams { float value; Enum1 e1; Enum2 e2; // some other member } The editor should present a dialog that will let the user set the MethodParams struct. A text control for the field value. Furthermore, the editor needs to let the user set the fields e1 and e2 using, for example, two combo boxes (a combo box is a window control that has a list of choices). Obviously, every enum should be mapped to a string, so the user can make an informed selection (i have used E1_VAL1 etc.., but normally the enum would be more meaningful). One could even want to map every enum to a string more informative (E1_VAL1 to "Image union algorithm", E1_VAL2 to "Image intersection algorithm" and so on...). The editor will include all the relevant game egine lib files (.h etc...), but this mapping is not automatic and i am confused on how to handle it in a way that, if in future i add E1_VAL3 and E1_VAL4, the code change will be minimal.

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• nagios ldap-group based front end login permission issues

  - by Eleven-Two

  I want to grant users access to the nagios 3 core frontend by using an active directory group ("NagiosWebfrontend" in the code below). The login works fine like this: AuthType Basic AuthName "Nagios Access" AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthzLDAPAuthoritative on AuthLDAPURL "ldap://ip-address:389/OU=user-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=*)" AuthLDAPBindDN CN=LDAP-USER,OU=some-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld AuthLDAPBindPassword the_pass Require ldap-group CN=NagiosWebfrontend,OU=some-ou,DC=domain,DC=tld Unfortunately, every nagios page just shows "It appears as though you do not have permission to view information for any of the services you requested...". I got the hint, that I am missing a contact in nagios configuration which is equal to my login, but creating one with the same name as the domain user had no effect on this issue. However, it would be great to find a solution without manually editing nagios.conf for every new user, so the admins could grant access to nagios by just putting the user to "NagiosWebfrontend" group. What would be the best way to solve it?

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• Creating Ideal Customers with Modern Marketing

  - by Richard Lefebvre

  “Without that real-time perspective, it's just not possible to stay in step with what your customers want and need.” — Customer-Obsessed Marketing Is Your Next Competitive Edge Every business talks about focusing on the customer. But few actually deliver. Why? Because digital marketing technology can’t tell a compelling story. It lacks engaging dialogue with no connection beyond the transaction. It’s lost in translation because marketers don’t speak code. And it’s confusing to the customer because marketing and IT can’t connect process and data. Take a look at your digital marketing picture. From a distance it may look fine. But look up close. It’s fragmented and the dots are not connected. You need much higher resolution. Step back and see the big picture. Zoom in on the individual customer. But you’ll need Modern Marketing technology engineered with enterprise grade data management and proven cloud performance. Explore the people, processes, and technology of the Oracle Marketing Cloud. Create a culture of customer obsession. Simplify marketing across all channels to turn casual prospects into passionate advocates. Engage ideal customers with a meaningful experience. Personalize your brand narrative for each customer in every chapter of your story to increase engagement and revenue. Read the full article and watch the videos here

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• Common way to store model transformations

  - by redreggae

  I ask myself what's the best way to store the transformations in a model class. What I came up with is to store the translation and scaling in a Vector3 and the rotation in a Matrix4. On each update (frame) I multiply the 3 matrices (first build a Translation and Scaling Matrix) to get the world matrix. In this way I have no accumulated error. world = translation * scaling * rotation Another way would be to store the rotation in a quaternion but then I would have a high cost to convert to a matrix every time step. If I lerp the model I convert the rotation matrix to quaternion and then back to matrix. For speed optimization I have a dirty flag for each transformation so that I only do a matrix multiplication if necessary. world = translation if (isScaled) { world *= scaling } if (isRotated) { world *= rotation } Is this a common way or is it more common to have only one Matrix4 for all transformations? And is it better to store the rotation only as quaternion? For info: Currently I'm building a CSS3D engine in Javascript but these questions are relevant for every 3D engine.

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• What is the standard technique for shifting the frames of a sprite according to user input?

  - by virtual__

  From my own experience, I developed two techniques for changing the sprites of a character that's reacting to user input -- this in the context of a classic 2D platformer. The first one is to store all character's pixmaps in a list, putting the index of the currently used pixmap in an ordinary variable. This way, every time the player presses a key -- say the right arrow for moving the character forward -- the graphics engine sees what's the next pixmap to draw, draws it, and increments the index counter. That's a pretty common approach I believe, the problem is that in this case the animation's quality depends not only on the number of sprites available but also on how often your engine listens to user input. The second technique is to actually play an animation every key press event. For this you can use any sort of animation framework you want. It's only necessary to set the timer, the animation steps and to call the animation's play() method on your key press event handler. The problem with that approach is that is lacks responsiveness, since the character won't react to any input while the current animation is still being played. What I want to know is whether you are using one of these techniques -- or something similar -- in your games, or whether there's a standard method for animating sprites out there that's widely known by everybody but me.

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• Why does my Visual Studio 2010 default to a horizontal windows split if I quit then reopen it?

  - by Martin Doms

  I use Visual Studio 2010 Professional at work and up until a couple of weeks ago I have had no problems. But now whenever I open an instance of VS 2010 it defaults to horizontal split. I never split my windows horizontally, so this is very annoying. It happens consistently, every time on every project. Here is how VS2010 looked before I closed the window: I close it and reopen in that project, and: Arg! The only plugin I use is ReSharper, in case it's relevant.

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• Automatically Connecting to Hidden SSID WiFi Network

  - by Zack

  My MacBook Pro will not automatically connect to a Wireless network with a hidden SSID. It makes me select the "Join Other Network..." in the Airport menu (in the system tray), where I need to input the name of the network, then security type, password and wait for it to connect. This is becoming increasingly annoying to have to do every time I come back to my desk. I'm running Mac OS X 10.5 and there doesn't seem to be an option to connect to a specific network, but rather "Preferred Networks." The only network I have set as Preferred that's in range is my home network, and it still doesn't automatically connect. Making the network publicly visible isn't under my control, so I'm stuck with what's currently in place. Reader's Digest version: How do I make my MacBook Pro automatically connect to a WiFi Network with a hidden SSID without having to "configure" it every time I want to connect?

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• How to make the Microsoft Word 2010 web install version completely download itself?

  - by Paperflyer

  I installed Microsoft Word 2010 using the handy web installation feature. The way this works is that Word installs a bare minimum of functionality and any time it needs a feature that has not been downloaded yet, it will download it in-place just as needed. The thing is, this is stalling Word every few minutes. Every few minutes, Word takes a small nap while it tries to find some obscure feature somewhere. This is really annoying. Is there a way to just tell the thing to completely download itself? This was a nice functionality for the trial but it is extremely annoying in actual use.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 hangs on install using VMware Player on Windows 7

  - by Beauness_Round

  At my job, we're migrating to Ubuntu 12.04 from 10.10 (we skipped a generation), so everyone needs to make one or more new Virtual Machines for 12.04 on their Windows 7 workstation. The problem is, only some have had success while most encounter a hang during install. I was tasked with researching this problem and here are my findings (while somewhat inconclusive) I have tried uninstalling and reinstalling VMware Player, using versions 4.0.2, 4.0.4, and 5.0.0 but every install hangs at "retrieving file 55 of 129." Additionally I have installed before updating the VMware tools, as well as after (one can pre-download them) with every install hanging at "retrieving file 55 of 129." The file i was using for the above two is called: ubuntu-12.04-desktop-amd64.iso I have burned a disc with ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso and tried to install it, and later tried ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-i386.iso (which is not what i want but i wanted to see if it would work), but both times I get "PXE-E53: No boot filename recieved PXE-M0F: Exiting Intel PXE ROM. Operating System not found" This is all in VMware and the goal is to find a settings recipe that will allow an unbroken 64bit Ubuntu 12.04 install from an .iso hosted on the Windows OS. Thank you in advance to anyone with ideas!

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• Do you do custom tests/work for a potential employer before the interview?

  - by Chuck Stephanski

  Every shop I've worked at we have followed what I thought was a standard hiring sequence: 1. solicit resumes 2. phone screen applicants we are interested in 3. in person interview 4. in some shops 2nd in person interview (just w/ CEO for example) Most places I apply to follow something along these lines. But some shops want to give me a test or ask me to build something after I send in my resume. They usually say "congratulations, you've made it to stage 2 of our hiring process!" But for all I know they are asking every applicant they get a resume from to do the same thing. This annoys me because it doesn't scale. If I'm applying for a lot of positions I can't spend all my time doing work that potentially can only land me one job. Plus there's no shared dedication to the process. If we do a 45 minute phone screen, that's 45 minutes the company commits to me and 45 minutes I commit to the company in hopes of a potential match. Do you guys have a policy regarding these sorts of things?

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• Default maximum heap size -- Ubuntu 10.04 LTS, openjdk6-jre

  - by sachin

  I just installed openjdk6-jre on Ubuntu 10.04 java version "1.6.0_20" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.9.2) (6b20-1.9.2-0ubuntu1~10.04.1) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode) Every time I run "java" I get this error: Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. This can be solved by specifying a maximum heap size and running "java -Xmx256m" But is there anyway to permanently fix this error (i.e. set the default heap size to 256MB so that I do not need to specify the max heap size every time I run the command)

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• Do ALL your variables need to be declared private? [closed]

  - by skizeey

  Possible Duplicate: Why do we need private variables? I know that it's best practice to stay safe, and that we should always prevent others from directly accessing a class' properties. I hear this all the time from university professors, and I also see this all the time in a lot of source code released on the App Hub. In fact, professors say that they will actually take marks off for every variable that gets declared public. Now, this leaves me always declaring variables as private. No matter what. Even if each of these variables were to have both a getter and a setter. But here's the problem: it's tedious work. I tend to quickly lose interest in a project every time I need to have a variable in a class that could have simply been declared public instead of private with a getter and a setter. So my question is, do I really need to declare all my variables private? Or could I declare some variables public whenever they require both a getter and a setter?

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• Windows 7 x64. Some 32 bit applications refuse to install.

  - by user250712

  I have been having problems lately when trying to install older games onto my PC. It is only with 32 bit applications. A few games that will not install are: Drakan: Order Of The Flame TA Kingdoms (Total Annihilation installed fine) Baldur's Gate. In Baldur's Gate, when I use autorun.exe and choose install, the autorun closes and the computer loads for a second (as it should) then nothing pops up. Ten minutes later still nothing, so I try again, still nothing. So next I use Setup.exe. Still nothing. I run it in every compatibility mode, and as Administrator in every mode, still nothing. Then I open Task Manager, and there are about 80 setup.exe processes running, all of them doing nothing and taking up next to no resources.

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• Can't unlock locked screen, in Ubuntu 12

  - by Camille Goudeseune

  After locking the screen (with a keystroke bound to xlock -nice 8 -mode blank), I can unlock the screen as expected, but only within a few minutes. After being locked overnight, when I hit a key (even Ctrl+Alt combos), the screen stays black with just a brief white flash across the middle of both monitors. The workaround is to ssh in from another host and restart X. Some months ago, this happened every few weeks. By now it happens almost every morning. How do I even start to diagnose this? What might I look for in log files? (The intermittency is particularly troubling.) Failing that, is there an alternative to xlock aka xlockmore? Hardware: 3-year-old HP minitower, GEForce 9800 GT, two Asus LCD monitors. Software: Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS. Window manager awesome-wm. NVidia driver 304.88. XLock version xlockmore-5.31.

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• Working with Git on multiple machines

  - by Tesserex

  This may sound a bit strange, but I'm wondering about a good way to work in Git from multiple machines networked together in some way. It looks to me like I have two options, and I can see benefits on both sides: Use git itself for sharing, each machine has its own repo and you have to fetch between them. You can work on either machine even if the other is offline. This by itself is pretty big I think. Use one repo that is shared over the network between machines. No need to do git pulls every time you switch machines, since your code is always up to date. Never worry that you forgot to push code from your other non-hosting machine, which is now out of reach, since you were working off a fileshare on this machine. My intuition says that everyone generally goes with the first option. But the downside I see is that you might not always be able to access code from your other machines, and I certainly don't want to push all my WIP branches to github at the end of every day. I also don't want to have to leave my computers on all the time so I can fetch from them directly. Lastly a minor point is that all the git commands to keep multiple branches up to date can get tedious. Is there a third handle on this situation? Maybe some third party tools are available that help make this process easier? If you deal with this situation regularly, what do you suggest?

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• How to migrate Notepad++ settings?

  - by NoCatharsis

  I am trying to portabilize every program I use if possible, and Notepad++ is on the list. The only problem is that I've had a native installation until now so that I'm not totally sure which settings files need to be moved to the portable directory. Surely there's a function tucked away somewhere in NPP exactly for this purpose, or some plugin out there? I mean the developers have literally thought of everything else, yet this is the one thing I cannot find specifically anywhere in the NPP wiki or otherwise, and I don't want to miss an important file. Here is the closest I've gotten: Notepad++'s configuration files and Where are all the files? Should I just copy every configuration file listed on the first link?

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• VPN pre-shared key problems

  - by Owl

  I have two vpns set up on a Symantec Gateway Security 320. VPN 1 goes to a Symantec Firewall/VPN 100 to another clinic of ours and every hour they lose connectivity and the error log on the Firewall/VPN100 shows an invalid pre-shared key error, although, both devices show the same pre-shared key entered. VPN 2 goes to our software vendor to use an additional part of our program. I am unable to ping the remote address and so is the other company, but my VPN status shows it is connected. They have told me the pre-shared key seemed to be automatically trying to resubmit itself as if it were incorrect, about every hour even though it is correct. They also told me port80 traffic was closed but I show the HTTP service using 80 redirected to 80 in my firewall settings. Please help.

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• Duplicating keepass files instead of creating a new file

  - by BlakBat

  I'm currently using KeePass 2 and syncing them via dropbox. I have a few KeePass files (one for websites, one to store software licenses, etc...) Every time I need a new KeePass file, I just create a copy of the kbdx file, open it, remove all existing entries, change the key transformation rounds to another pseudo-random value. I do not change the master password. I want to know if this was unsafe practice, or was a security risk, compared to just creating a new KeePass file via the "File-New" menu. The reason I don't use the menu: i'm lazy enough to not want to reconfigure "database settings" every time.

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• Why is my Windows XP not allowing me to turn on sounds?

  - by Rookie

  This started to happen few weeks ago: Every time I start up Windows, the global sound volume is set to muted. I was able to just click the muted button to un-muted and that was fine, until now: Now I cant even click that unmute button! Every time I click the unmute button, I hear a split of a second the music I play, then it stops immediately. It is maybe 10 milliseconds until it mutes it again. In theory I could write a program to click that button continuously, but is there another solution to fix this? Or is this a broken hardware problem and Windows knows it and therefore doesn't allow me to enable sounds or my computer would break apart? Any ideas what could be causing this? A weird virus that's purpose is to piss me off? That weird this whole issue is, really, doesn't make any sense at all.

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• Thunderbird: filters don't match links

  - by Gregory MOUSSAT

  I use filters to remove some undesirable messages (in addition to the intergrated spam filter). This is great to avoid tons of boring people who want to sell me tons of boring stuff. My problem is, since years (so with every Thunderbird release I ever had, even the current one which is up to date) it is unable to filter links. For example I want to delete every messages containing a link to http://xxxxx.emv3.com/xxxxxx I never managed to remove those emails. I use a filter on the body, checking if it contains emv3 but this never match. Those emails are in HTML format, and the links are displayed as a text like "Visit our website" or so. If I write a HTML email with a link, my filter works. When this is a spam, this never works. When I save the email to a text file, I open it with notepad and I see several http://xxxxx.emv3.com/xxxx Any idea why this don't work ? And how can I do ?

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• Storing revisions of a document

  - by dev.e.loper

  This is a follow up question to my original question. I'm thinking of going with generating diffs and storing those diffs in the database 'History' table. I'm using diff-match-patch library to generate what is called a 'patch'. On every save, I compare previous and new version and generate this patch. The patch could be used to generate a document at specific point in time. My dilemma is how to store this data. Should I: a Insert a new database record for every patch? b. Store these patches in javascript array and store that array in history table. So there is only one db History record for document with an array of all the patches. Concerns with: a. Too many db records generated. Will be slow and CPU intensive to query. b. Only one record. If record is somehow corrupted/deleted. Entire revision history is gone. I'm looking for suggestions, concerns with either approach.

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• Is there a time machine equivalent for windows that can back up network files?

  - by Jim Thio

  This question is similar to Does an equivalent of Time Machine exist for Windows?, with one difference: The files I want to back up are on a network drive. The computer on that network drive is running Windows XP. I want to back up data on Windows 7. How would I do so? I'd like something similar to Mac OS X' time machine. So copy of data every hour, day, week. Then thinning out, data gets deleted automatically as time goes by. For example, the data for last day is kept as hourly snapshots. For last week, as daily snapshots every day. And for last month as weekly snapshots. How can I achieve this?

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