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• What are some good code optimization methods?

  - by esac

  I would like to understand good code optimization methods and methodology. How do I keep from doing premature optimization if I am thinking about performance already. How do I find the bottlenecks in my code? How do I make sure that over time my program does not become any slower? What are some common performance errors to avoid (e.g.; I know it is bad in some languages to return while inside the catch portion of a try{} catch{} block

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• Are there equivalents to Ruby's method_missing in other languages?

  - by Justin Ethier

  In Ruby, objects have a handy method called method_missing which allows one to handle method calls for methods that have not even been (explicitly) defined: Invoked by Ruby when obj is sent a message it cannot handle. symbol is the symbol for the method called, and args are any arguments that were passed to it. By default, the interpreter raises an error when this method is called. However, it is possible to override the method to provide more dynamic behavior. The example below creates a class Roman, which responds to methods with names consisting of roman numerals, returning the corresponding integer values. class Roman def romanToInt(str) # ... end def method_missing(methId) str = methId.id2name romanToInt(str) end end r = Roman.new r.iv #=> 4 r.xxiii #=> 23 r.mm #=> 2000 For example, Ruby on Rails uses this to allow calls to methods such as find_by_my_column_name. My question is, what other languages support an equivalent to method_missing, and how do you implement the equivalent in your code?

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• WPF custom user widgets. Will UI components be standardized?

  - by Andrew Florko

  There are lots of articles and video lessons that describe how to create your unique user widget (graphical control) with WPF. There are tons of technical details what is behind the scene and I feel people enthusiasm with ability to customize widgets as never before. I remember those days when VCL library (Delphi) appeared and there was the same enthusiasm in VCL widgets area. Ability to create VCL controls was nearly the must when you was applying for a job as Delphi developer. This situation continued for several years till professional sophisticated 3'd party UI libraries appeared. Hardly you'll have to create your own VCL widget nowadays. Will WPF widgets enthusiasm die as VCL one?

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• Problem Naming an Interface

  - by Jens Schauder

  I have an interface named PropertyFilter which used to take a Propertyand decide if accepts it or not. And the world was good. But now the interface changed, so that implementations may choose to add additional Propertys. For example a Customer property might get expanded into Name and Address properties. I think it is obvious this is not a Filter anymore, but how would you call such a thing?

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• Creating huge images

  - by David Rutten

  My program has the feature to export a hi-res image of the working canvas to the disk. Users will frequently try to export images of about 20,000 x 10,000 pixels @ 32bpp which equals about 800MB. Add that to the serious memory consumption already going on in your average 3D CAD program and you'll pretty much guarantee an out-of-memory crash on 32-bit platforms. So now I'm exporting tiles of 1000x1000 pixels which the user has to stitch together afterwards in a pixel editor. Is there a way I can solve this problem without the user doing any work? I figured I could probably write a small exe that gets command-lined into the process and performs the stitching automatically. It would be a separate process and it would thus have 2GB of ram all to itself. Or is there a better way still? I'd like to support jpg, png and bmp so writing the image as a bytestream to the disk is not really possible.

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• How are a session identifiers generated?

  - by Asaf R

  Most web applications depend on some kind of session with the user (for instance, to retain login status). The session id is kept as a cookie in the user's browser and sent with every request. To make it hard to guess the next user's session these session-ids need to be sparse and somewhat random. The also have to be unique. The question is - how to efficiently generate session ids that are sparse and unique? This question has a good answer for unique random numbers, but it seems not scalable for a large range of numbers, simply because the array will end up taking a lot of memory.

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• Forcing a machine to boot from a live CD

  - by Martin

  If I want to distribute some software on a bootable CD, is there a way (from windows) to force the machine to restart onto the CD OS, even if the BIOS is not setup with boot from CD?

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• Which term to use when referring to functional data structures: persistent or immutable?

  - by Bob

  In the context of functional programming which is the correct term to use: persistent or immutable? When I Google "immutable data structures" I get a Wikipedia link to an article on "Persistent data structure" which even goes on to say: such data structures are effectively immutable Which further confuses things for me. Do functional programs rely on persistent data structures or immutable data structures? Or are they always the same thing?

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• What Use are Threads Outside of Parallel Problems on MultiCore Systesm?

  - by Robert S. Barnes

  Threads make the design, implementation and debugging of a program significantly more difficult. Yet many people seem to think that every task in a program that can be threaded should be threaded, even on a single core system. I can understand threading something like an MPEG2 decoder that's going to run on a multicore cpu ( which I've done ), but what can justify the significant development costs threading entails when you're talking about a single core system or even a multicore system if your task doesn't gain significant performance from a parallel implementation? Or more succinctly, what kinds of non-performance related problems justify threading? Edit Well I just ran across one instance that's not CPU limited but threads make a big difference: TCP, HTTP and the Multi-Threading Sweet Spot Multiple threads are pretty useful when trying to max out your bandwidth to another peer over a high latency network connection. Non-blocking I/O would use significantly less local CPU resources, but would be much more difficult to design and implement.

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• Catch access to undefined property in JavaScript

  - by avri

  The Spider-Monkey JavaScript engine implements the noSuchMethod callback function for JavaScript Objects. This function is called whenever JavaScript tries to execute an undefined method of an Object. I would like to set a callback function to an Object that will be called whenever an undefined property in the Object is accessed or assigned to. I haven't found a noSuchProperty function implemented for JavaScript Objects and I am curios if there is any workaround that will achieve the same result. Consider the following code: var a = {}; a.__defineGetter__("bla", function(){alert(1);return 2;}); alert(a.bla); It is equivalent to [alert(1);alert(2)] - even though a.bla is undefined. I would like to achieve the same result but to unknown properties (i.e. without knowing in advance that a."bla" will be the property accessed)

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• How do i know if this is random enough?

  - by David

  I wrote a program in java that rolls a die and records the total number of times each value 1-6 is rolled. I rolled 6 Million times. Here's the distribution: #of 0's: 0 #of 1's: 1000068 #of 2's: 999375 #of 3's: 999525 #of 4's: 1001486 #of 5's: 1000059 #of 6's: 999487 (0 wasn't an option.) Is this distribution consistant with random dice rolls? What objective statistical tests might confirm that the dice rolls are indeed random enough?

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• MVP pattern. Presenter requires new view instance. Best practice

  - by Andrew Florko

  I try to apply MVP pattern for win.forms application. I have 2 forms: main & child. Main has a button and when you click it - child form should appear. There are 2 views interfaces that forms implement IMainView { event OnClick; ... } IChildView { ... } There are two presenters MainPresenter(IMainView) & ChildPresenter(IChildView) MainPresenter listens to OnClick event and then should create IChildView implementation. MainPresenter { ... MainClicked() { // it's required to create IChildView instance here } } How would you implement such creation typically? Shall IMainView has factory method for IChildView or may be it should be separate Views factory. What would you advise? Or maybe there is some misunderstanding of MVP here? Thank you in advance!

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• Reusability, testability, code complexity reduction and showing-off-ability programming importance

  - by Andrew Florko

  There are lots of programming and architecture patterns. Patterns allow to make code cleaner, reusable, more testable & at last (but not at least) to feel the follower a real cool developer. How do you rank these considerations for you? What does affect you most when you decide to apply pattern? I wonder how many times code reusability (especially for MVP, MVC patterns) was important? For example DAL library often shared between projects (it's reusable) but how often controllers/views (abstracted via interfaces) are reused?

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• validation of special characters

  - by jpallavi

  I want to validate login name with special characters !@#S%^*()+_-?/<:"';. space using regular expression in ruby on rails. These special characters should not be acceptable. What is the code for that? Thanks, Pallavi

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• What are CAD apps written in, and how are they organized ?

  - by ldigas

  What are CAD applications (Rhino, Autocad) of today written in and how are they organized internally ? I gave as an example, Autocad and Rhino, although I would love to hear of other examples as well. I'm particularly interested in knowing what is their backend written in (multilanguage ?) and how is it organized, and how do they handle their frontend (GUI) in real time ? Do they use native windows API's or some libraries of their own, since I imagine, as good as may be, the open source solutions on today's market won't cut it. I may be wrong ... As most of you who have used them know, they handle amongs other things relatively complex rotational operations in realtime (shading is not interesting me). I've been doing some experiments with several packages recently, and for some larger models found that there is considerable difference in speed in, for example, programed rotation (big full ship models) amongst some of them (which I won't name). So I'm wondering about their internals ... Also, if someone knows of some book on the subject, I'd be interested to hear of it.

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• How strict should I be in the "do the simplest thing that could possible work" while doing TDD

  - by Support - multilanguage SO

  For TDD you have to Create a test that fail Do the simplest thing that could possible work to pass the test Add more variants of the test and repeat Refactor when a pattern emerge With this approach you're supposing to cover all the cases ( that comes to my mind at least) but I'm wonder if am I being too strict here and if it is possible to "think ahead" some scenarios instead of simple discover them. For instance, I'm processing a file and if it doesn't conform to a certain format I am to throw an InvalidFormatException So my first test was: @Test void testFormat(){ // empty doesn't do anything... processor.validate("empty.txt"); try { processor.validate("invalid.txt"); assert false: "Should have thrown InvalidFormatException"; } catch( InvalidFormatException ife ) { assert "Invalid format".equals( ife.getMessage() ); } } I run it and it fails because it doesn't throw an exception. So the next thing that comes to my mind is: "Do the simplest thing that could possible work", so I : public void validate( String fileName ) throws InvalidFormatException { if(fileName.equals("invalid.txt") { throw new InvalidFormatException("Invalid format"); } } Doh!! ( although the real code is a bit more complicated, I found my self doing something like this several times ) I know that I have to eventually add another file name and other test that would make this approach impractical and that would force me to refactor to something that makes sense ( which if I understood correctly is the point of TDD, to discover the patterns the usage unveils ) but: Q: am I taking too literal the "Do the simplest thing..." stuff?

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• Why do newbie programmers seem to shy away from libraries?

  - by Byron Whitlock

  I've noticed many questions on here from new programmers that can be solved using libraries. When a library is suggested, often times they respond "I don't want to use X library" Is it the learning curve? or ? Just curious!

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• Where are the readonly/const in .NET?

  - by acidzombie24

  In C++ you'll see void func(const T& t) everywhere. However, i havent seen anything similar in .NET. Why? I have notice a nice amount of parameters using struct. But i see no functions with readonly/const. In fact now that i tried it i couldnt use those keywords to make a function that promises to not modify a list being passed in. Is there no way to promise the caller that this function will never modify the contents of list? Is there no way to say to call code and say this list should never be modified? (I know i can clone the list or look at documentation but i like compile errors sometime)

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• How does the Amazon Recommendation feature work?

  - by Rachel

  What technology goes in behind the screens of Amazon recommendation technology? I believe that Amazon recommendation is currently the best in the market, but how do they provide us with such relevant recommendations? Recently, we have been involved with similar recommendation kind of project, but would surely like to know about the in and outs of the Amazon recommendation technology from a technical standpoint. Any inputs would be highly appreciated. Update: This patent explains how personalized recommendations are done but it is not very technical, and so it would be really nice if some insights could be provided. From the comments of Dave, Affinity Analysis forms the basis for such kind of Recommendation Engines. Also here are some good reads on the Topic Demystifying Market Basket Analysis Market Basket Analysis Affinity Analysis Suggested Reading: Data Mining: Concepts and Technique

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• Testing When Correctness is Poorly Defined?

  - by dsimcha

  I generally try to use unit tests for any code that has easily defined correct behavior given some reasonably small, well-defined set of inputs. This works quite well for catching bugs, and I do it all the time in my personal library of generic functions. However, a lot of the code I write is data mining code that basically looks for significant patterns in large datasets. Correct behavior in this case is often not well defined and depends on a lot of different inputs in ways that are not easy for a human to predict (i.e. the math can't reasonably be done by hand, which is why I'm using a computer to solve the problem in the first place). These inputs can be very complex, to the point where coming up with a reasonable test case is near impossible. Identifying the edge cases that are worth testing is extremely difficult. Sometimes the algorithm isn't even deterministic. Usually, I do the best I can by using asserts for sanity checks and creating a small toy test case with a known pattern and informally seeing if the answer at least "looks reasonable", without it necessarily being objectively correct. Is there any better way to test these kinds of cases?

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• Fast, Vectorizable method of taking floating point number modulus of special primes?

  - by caffiend

  Is there a fast method for taking the modulus of a floating point number? With integers, there are tricks for Mersenne primes, so that its possible to calculate y = x MOD 2^31 without needing division. Can any similar tricks be applied for floating point numbers? Preferably, in a way that can be converted into vector/SIMD operations, or moved into GPGPU code. The primes I'm interested in would be 2^7 and 2^31, although if there are more efficient ones for floating point numbers, those would be welcome.

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• C++ missing feature: variables with mutating names

  - by user345671

  Hello. Can someone please add a feature to C++? I would like to change variable names depending on the context. Example: Class stuff; if(stuff.hasSuperPowers()) { stuff becomes stuffWithSuperPowers; } That because creating a new variable and using an assignment sucks and lets stuff be acessible in that scope anyway. If you do it, please keep the becomes syntax unless it doesn't look good enough for you as a native English speaker. Thanks in advance.

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• What should I tell kids about how great it is to be a programmer?

  - by Sara Chipps

  I am putting a presentation together. I thought about illustrating with websites like Facebook, and MySpace. Does anyone have children around that age that could tell me what they are into? How to hold their attention? Ways to illustrate what we do? Get them interested? Your ideas are greatly appreciated, I really want to be able to convey how fun this is :). I don't have access to a digital projector... which really stinks. I do have access to an old transparency overhead, though. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/207278/career-day-how-do-i-make-computer-programmer-sound-cool-to-8-year-olds

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• What do you enjoy about programming?

  - by Earlz

  Some of us here(or is it just me?) enjoy programming. Even if we're not being paid for it, and in some cases, even though the end result will not do anything for us. For example, many people do the Project Euler problems just for fun, and in the end nothing was really "accomplished" materially. What is it that makes us enjoy programming? How is programming different from another job? You don't see an accountant going home to do some accounting on their own time just for the pure joy of it. How are we different? (also, if anyone has some ideas on how to tag this, then please do correct it for me.. )

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• Do similar passwords have similar hashes?

  - by SLC

  Our computer system at work requires users to change their password every few weeks, and you cannot have the same password as you had previously. It remembers something like 20 of your last passwords. I discovered most people simply increment a digit at the end of their password, so "thisismypassword1" becomes "thisismypassword2" then 3, 4, 5 etc. Since all of these passwords are stored somewhere, I wondered if there was any weakness in the hashes themselves, for standard hashing algorithms used to store passwords like MD5. Could a hacker increase their chances of brute-forcing the password if they have a list of hashes of similar passwords?

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