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• Installed Windows 7 without formatting disk? Possible?

  - by ile

  I've just installed Win7 but I'm little confused. When booting from XP cd, there is an option to format hard drive. After choosing which partition to format, format process takes usually not less than hour (depends on size of partition), but when I clicked on Format when in Windows 7 installation interface, I received some message (I cant remember what was it, but it was not any error message or something like that) and that was it. After that I choose to install Windows 7 and installation began. "Expanding Windows Files" was the longest process of installation. Was that the part when the hard drive was formatted? I don't understand what happened? Is it possible that my hard drive was not formatted but still installation was successful?

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• How to stop windows 7 from asking to format a disk?

  - by clinux

  Hey guys, I have this USB flash drive with a Linux partition that I use inside VirtualBox. Each time I insert it into the USB port, windows keeps asking if it should format it. Is there anyway to disable Windows from asking that? Thanks. EDIT: Disabling auto-run has not resolved the problem unfortunately. Windows will still check if the disk contains a partition it knows about, and ask to format if it doesn't know it. Really nice try though, any other ideas?

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• MacPorts: is it possible to move /opt/local on a different disk?

  - by compriots

  Is there a secure procedure to move the macports directory strucutre on a non-root partition or disk?

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• make a folder/partition on one computer appear as a mass storage device to another?

  - by user137560

  Is there anyway to make a folder or a partition on a computer (Linux or Windows) act like a mass storage device to other computers or devices when connected with a Male-Male USB cable? For example, I have a Windows 7 computer with 2 partitions, C and D. I would then connect that computer to another computer or a Smart TV using a Male-Male USB cable, and the other computer or device recognizes a folder/partition on current computer as a mass storage device. Is this possible? If not, is there any USB switch that can connect an external hard drive or flash drive to both a computer and TV without the need to manually switch them? (I know about some USB switches, but they only support automatic switching with some certain types of printers, not with mass storage)

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• Can I perform a Windows 7 non destructive System Repair without the Disks, my OS is on a partition on my HP HDD?

  - by Mike

  I own an HP G-62 laptop. My Windows 7 OS is on the Recovery partition, D. I have no Win 7 Disks. I am wanting to perform a non destructive repair of the system files without losing my data or having to go through the whole routine of reinstalling Windows, Programs, Files, Pics, Music, etc... Can I perform a Repair on my main, C, drive without the disks, and from the partition? So far all the help I have found refers to using the original Win & OS disks.... Thanks, Mike0921

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• Issues with partitions WIN 7

  - by pomber

  I was trying to make some space to install linux in my HP notebook. The computer had 4 partitions, I made space shrinking one and created a new one (facepalm) using the windows partitioning tool. It show me some warning message saying something about dynamic partitions, I ingored it, and went to the linux live CD. I installed linux in the new partition, after the installation completed it told me that GRUB cannot be installed I dont remember why. So now, it doesnt boot, neither windows nor linux. After google for a while I found the diskpart command, it gives me this info: DISKPART> list disk DISK ### Status -------- --------------- DISK 0 Invalid DISKPART> select disk 0 DISKPART> select partition Partition ### TYPE ------------- -------------- Partition 1 Dynamic Data Partition 2 Dynamic Data Partition 3 Dynamic Data Partition 4 Primary <- I think I put linux here Any idea whats happening? Or how to solve it? Thanks

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• Booting sequence. Ubuntu 12.04 installation and cohabitation with former OSes

  - by Stephane Rolland

  I am on the brink of installing Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pengolin on the first primary partition of my hard-drive. (A day in History for me since I had always kept a MS windows at this first place). But I have some fears: This is my last computer available (In the past I used to have 2 or even 3 machines so I could always un/plug HDs for recovery operations and rescue) The current booting sequence is not straight forard. So as to explain the boot sequence let me briefly sum-up the history of this laptop computer. It was a dedicated Windows Vista computer. 1st and only Primary partition. Then I added Windows 7 (on the 2nd primary partition) letting the Windows Vista Boot Loader manage the boot sequence. Then I added Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx on the 1st sub-partition of the Extended Partitionm asking Grub to be the boot loader. But when I ask Grub to launch windows it launches the Vista BootLoader that manages the choice betzeen Vista and 7. So in theory Grub is on the MasterBootRecord - though I understand where the Vista BootLoader remains. Now, I will no longer use the Ubuntu 10.04 ( on extended partition) and also the Windows vista (on the first primary partition). I will install Ubuntu 12.04 on the First Primary, asking it to install a new bootloader. I want to keep the Windows 7 that is already on the Second Primary partition. And I want it to be loaded by the Ubuntu Boot loader(I don4t knoz zhich is included in this version)... And I am afraid the last point will not work.

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• Dualboot harddisk encryption

  - by amfcosta

  I have a system with both Ubuntu 11.10 and Windows 7 and I want to encrypt the whole harddisk or at least some of my partitions. My partition table is something like this (the ones marked with * are the ones that need to be encrypted): Windows boot reserved partition *Windows system partition (ntfs) *Windows data partition (ntfs) Ubuntu root partition (ext4) *Ubuntu home partition (ext4) Ubuntu swap As I said I don't need to encrypt the whole disk. What is the best way to accomplish this? Maybe something (TrueCrypt?) where I enter the password before the system boots so that it decrypts the whole hdd? Or maybe individual encryption using Windows-only encryption (for Windows partitions) and Ubuntu home encryption (well, for Ubuntu home partition)? By the way, I almost always use Ubuntu, so it would be nice if I could continue to boot Ubuntu by default but have an option to boot Windows too (like in grub). EDIT: I was thinking of doing this: encrypting ubuntu home with eCryptfs (I think this is used to encrypt home when selected during installation). Encrypting Windows partitions with TrueCrypt. Still having Grub as a bootloader, when I choose ubuntu everything goes as normal (home is decrypted when login in). When I choose windows the TrueCrypt password prompt shows and windows boots.

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• Some info about SD card patitions after the use of the dd statment and some oiters doubts?

  - by AndreaNobili

  I am not very experienced using Linux and I have the following situation that cause me some doubts. I have wrote RaspBian (the RaspBerry linux distribution) on an SD card using Ubuntu dd statment: sudo dd if=2014-01-07-wheezy-raspbian.img of=/dev/sdb bs=1024 So if now I perform the fdisk -l statment I obtain that I have 2 partitions related to my SD card, that are the followins: Dispositivo Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 8192 122879 57344 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdb2 122880 5785599 2831360 83 Linux And now the first doubt: the dd statment create on the SD card two partitions: 1) /dev/sdb1 that is a litle FAT32 partition (what it means (LBA)?) 2) /dev/sdb2 that is a larger Linux ext3 partition Ok...the doubt is: why it also create to me a FAT32 partition and not only a Linux ext3 partition? Ok...if I go into my computer resource I can see a device (related to my SD card) into the devices list that contains some RaspBian file, following a screenshot: And if I see the property of this device I obtain this: So, looking at the previous screenshot it seems to me that this is the small FAT32 partition, and now I have the followings doubts: If it is the smallest FAT32 partition, what contains? The RaspBian boot or what? Why, in the devices list, I have only the FAT32 partition and not also the Linux one (/dev/sdb2), to see it have I to mount it? how? Tnx

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• Dual boot UEFI Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.04 (both 64 bits). W7 entry doesn't appear in GRUB

  - by Joe

  After trying to install both OS during 2 days, I'm confused and getting mad... I have SSD 128 GB and HDD 500 GB both empty. My laptop is Asus K55VM. BIOS support UEFI. What I have done: Install new SSD (Samsung 830 128GB) Use GParted on liveCD to create new table of partitions (GPT) and create 3 partitions (in the SSD) for different purposes: Partition 1: 80 GB (w7); Partition 2: 30 GB (Ubuntu 12.04 -Just / -); Partition 3: 10 GB unused (for future extesion of the other partitions) Install Windows 7 (with UEFI) in Partition 1. This create: /dev/sda1 - 100 MB for System (UEFI boot I guess) - FAT32 /dev/sda2 - 100 MB aprox. for MSR /dev/sda3 - 79.800 MB aprox. for Windows7 data In this point everything works fine. I have W7. Now I install Ubuntu 12.04 amd64 (with UEFI) as follows: Install / in Partition 2 - /dev/sda4 30 GB ext4, and in the hdd I install /home and swap. I select bootloader in /dev/sda1 (where it's supposed to be the UEFI boot). I install updates and reboot. Problem: Now just appears grub menu with Ubuntu entries and not Windows 7. Alternative solution found: When I turn on laptop, before loading GRUB I press ESC key and appear BIOS boot, so I can select to boot the Windows partition, Ubuntu partition, DVD, USB, etc... but I think is not the best way to boot different OS. I've tried: sudo update-grub2 with no success. What can I do??

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• I need help with Grub and restoring Windows?

  - by Bob Tahog

  I started out with Windows XP and then I installed Zorin (a sub distro of Ubuntu) and then I installed Ubuntu. This was working great. Then I installed Windows 8 on yet another partition and couldn't get into my other OSs. I asked my tech teacher at school how to fix it and she said just clear the partition that I installed Windows 8 on, so I booted onto a live version of Ubuntu and cleared the Windows 8 partition. Okay then I rebooted and it still went into Windows 8 for some reason. So I got back onto live Ubuntu and it turns out Windows 8 partition didn't clear for some reason so I did it again (and I'm positive it was the Windows 8 partition). I still couldn't fix grub but I needed something out of my XP partition so I mounted it on the live Ubuntu and now all the XP partition have are the folders 'Boot', 'Recovery', 'System Volume Information', 'temp' and the files 'bootmgr', 'BOOTNXT', 'BOOTSECT.BAK' and 'Recovery.txt'. Anybody know how to fix this or what I did wrong? Also, if I try booting from my hard drive it shows the Windows and says 'preparing automatic repair' then 'Diagnosing your PC' then restarts. Any and all help is greatly appreciated.

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• Ubuntu cannot see Windows 7 partitions on install

  - by Nash0

  I've been trying to install Ubuntu 10.10 as a dual boot with Windows 7 on my Dell latitude e6510. It is currently running Windows 7 and I have used the MS disk tools to shrink the Win 7 NTFS partition to make room for Linux. The issue I'm having is that when I run Ubuntus installer by booting from CD it sees the entire hard drive as unallocated space. I have also tried Kbuntu 10.10, Fedora 14, booting a Gparted 0.8.0 usb drive, and Ubuntu "install in Windows" with wubi they all have problems. EDIT: When I run the "try Ubuntu" option on booting from cd it can mount my Windows partition and I can view the files. The output of sudo parted -l when running in try Ubuntu mode: Warning: /dev/sda contains GPT signatures, indicating that it has a GPT table. However, it does not have a valid fake msdos partition table, as it should. Perhaps it was corrupted -- possibly by a program that doesn't understand GPT partition tables. Or perhaps you deleted the GPT table, and are now using an msdos partition table. Is this a GPT partition table? Yes/No? yes Model: ATA ST9500420AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 500GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only. Error: /dev/sr0: unrecognised disk label

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• Is post-sudden-power-loss filesystem corruption on an SSD drive's ext3 partition "expected behavior"?

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  My company makes an embedded Debian Linux device that boots from an ext3 partition on an internal SSD drive. Because the device is an embedded "black box", it is usually shut down the rude way, by simply cutting power to the device via an external switch. This is normally okay, as ext3's journalling keeps things in order, so other than the occasional loss of part of a log file, things keep chugging along fine. However, we've recently seen a number of units where after a number of hard-power-cycles the ext3 partition starts to develop structural issues -- in particular, we run e2fsck on the ext3 partition and it finds a number of issues like those shown in the output listing at the bottom of this Question. Running e2fsck until it stops reporting errors (or reformatting the partition) clears the issues. My question is... what are the implications of seeing problems like this on an ext3/SSD system that has been subjected to lots of sudden/unexpected shutdowns? My feeling is that this might be a sign of a software or hardware problem in our system, since my understanding is that (barring a bug or hardware problem) ext3's journalling feature is supposed to prevent these sorts of filesystem-integrity errors. (Note: I understand that user-data is not journalled and so munged/missing/truncated user-files can happen; I'm specifically talking here about filesystem-metadata errors like those shown below) My co-worker, on the other hand, says that this is known/expected behavior because SSD controllers sometimes re-order write commands and that can cause the ext3 journal to get confused. In particular, he believes that even given normally functioning hardware and bug-free software, the ext3 journal only makes filesystem corruption less likely, not impossible, so we should not be surprised to see problems like this from time to time. Which of us is right? Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# ls Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# umount /mnt/unionfs Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite contains a file system with errors, check forced. Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Invalid inode number for '.' in directory inode 46948. Fix<y>? yes Directory inode 46948, block 0, offset 12: directory corrupted Salvage<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_14h13m41.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47075. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_10h42m58.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47076. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h29m41.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47080. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h42m13.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47081. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h07m17.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47083. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h14m53.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47085. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_15h06m49.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47088. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-20_14h50m09.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47073. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-20_14h55m32.csv' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47074. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h04m36.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47078. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h54m45.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47082. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h12m20.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47084. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h33m52.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47086. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_10h51m59.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47077. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_11h17m09.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47079. Clear<y>? yes Entry 'status_2012-11-26_12h54m11.csv.gz' in /var/log/status_logs (46956) has deleted/unused inode 47087. Clear<y>? yes Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity '..' in /etc/network/run (46948) is <The NULL inode> (0), should be /etc/network (46953). Fix<y>? yes Couldn't fix parent of inode 46948: Couldn't find parent directory entry Pass 4: Checking reference counts Unattached inode 46945 Connect to /lost+found<y>? yes Inode 46945 ref count is 2, should be 1. Fix<y>? yes Inode 46953 ref count is 5, should be 4. Fix<y>? yes Pass 5: Checking group summary information Block bitmap differences: -(208264--208266) -(210062--210068) -(211343--211491) -(213241--213250) -(213344--213393) -213397 -(213457--213463) -(213516--213521) -(213628--213655) -(213683--213688) -(213709--213728) -(215265--215300) -(215346--215365) -(221541--221551) -(221696--221704) -227517 Fix<y>? yes Free blocks count wrong for group #6 (17247, counted=17611). Fix<y>? yes Free blocks count wrong (161691, counted=162055). Fix<y>? yes Inode bitmap differences: +(47089--47090) +47093 +47095 +(47097--47099) +(47101--47104) -(47219--47220) -47222 -47224 -47228 -47231 -(47347--47348) -47350 -47352 -47356 -47359 -(47457--47488) -47985 -47996 -(47999--48000) -48017 -(48027--48028) -(48030--48032) -48049 -(48059--48060) -(48062--48064) -48081 -(48091--48092) -(48094--48096) Fix<y>? yes Free inodes count wrong for group #6 (7608, counted=7624). Fix<y>? yes Free inodes count wrong (61919, counted=61935). Fix<y>? yes embeddedrootwrite: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** embeddedrootwrite: ********** WARNING: Filesystem still has errors ********** embeddedrootwrite: 657/62592 files (24.4% non-contiguous), 87882/249937 blocks Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite contains a file system with errors, check forced. Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Directory entry for '.' in ... (46948) is big. Split<y>? yes Missing '..' in directory inode 46948. Fix<y>? yes Setting filetype for entry '..' in ... (46948) to 2. Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity '..' in /etc/network/run (46948) is <The NULL inode> (0), should be /etc/network (46953). Fix<y>? yes Pass 4: Checking reference counts Inode 2 ref count is 12, should be 13. Fix<y>? yes Pass 5: Checking group summary information embeddedrootwrite: ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** embeddedrootwrite: 657/62592 files (24.4% non-contiguous), 87882/249937 blocks Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# Embedded-PC-failsafe:~# e2fsck /dev/sda3 e2fsck 1.41.3 (12-Oct-2008) embeddedrootwrite: clean, 657/62592 files, 87882/249937 blocks

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• Dual Boot Oracle Solaris 11/11 and Linux (Ubuntu 11.10/grub2)

  - by HartmutStreppel

  After having worked with Open Solaris on my laptop first, then with an upgrade to Oracle Solaris 11 Express, I finally did a fresh install of Oracle Solaris 11/11, when it became available. I am not a big fan of upgrades as I know that I am not the perfect administrator and my system gets spoiled with unclean configurations, outdated packages and wrong settings that cannot be reversed. So I prefer to start from scratch. Especially with Oracle Solaris 11 I wanted to have a system just like a customer would have it in production. The installation was smooth - more or less, if I had only read the documentation a bit better in advance. For a number of reasons I prefer a dual boot system. The most important one is, that especially with mobile devices you often run into network problems. And you have a hard time figuring out where the problem is: in your laptop hardware, in the OS you are running, or really within the network. If you have an alternate OS to boot, you can exclude the OS and your hardware. This makes you feel better. The second OS should be a Linux variant - and for some not so obvious reason I decided to go with the latest Ubuntu release (11.10). It replaced a very old Open Suse installation that had not been booted for a while. I knew that it was probably best to install Ubuntu first and then Oracle Solaris 11, as this would put the right boot information for Oracle Solaris  into the MBR and onto the root partition. But then, how to enable dual boot with the 2 OSes. Searching the web one mainly finds information about dual boot of: Linux and Linux Linux and Windows I do not want to explain which wrong configurations I worked through, but I prefer to explain the final setup, which is extremely simple, and I am wondering why this is not covered as the easiest solution for most dual boot setups. I use chainloader from and to both OS'es, with the only disadvantage that I have to confirm two grub menus each time I want to boot the "other" OS. Still there were some hurdles to jump over: Ubuntu did not like getting its boot blocks being placed on the partition instead of the disk; I must admit that I do not fully understand why. But using the --force option you could get that done Ubuntu needs an active partition; that was easy to achieve grub2 uses a different numbering scheme for the partitions. That is in the docs, if you read them. BTW: The usual disclaimer is valid. There is  no guarantee that what I describe works or works well. Please back up your data carefully before trying any of this. So, Oracle Solaris 11 is installed on the first partition and Ubuntu on the third. With Ubtuntu things initially were a bit more complicated, as I did not know how to boot it. And the live CD did not offer the capability to boot the on-disk image (at least I did not find it). So I booted the live CD, mounted the Ubuntu installation at /mnt and wrote the boot blocks into the partition. This is something that does not seem to be recommended, at least grub-install refrained from doing what I intended. After a bit more research I was bold enough to use the --force option and wrote the boot blocks to /dev/sda3 using grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --force --no-floppy /dev/sda3 So, I now had a system with the Solaris boot loader in the MBR, Solaris specific boot blocks on the Solaris root partition and Ubuntu specific boot blocks in the Ubuntu partition. I just had to chain them together and I was done. Oracle Solaris 11: I have added the following lines to /rpool/boot/grub/menu.lst (be aware of the /rpool!!!!) title Ubuntu 11.10root (hd0,2)makeactivechainloader +1boot The Ubuntu root file system sits on the third partition (/dev/sda3). Ubuntu: I have added the following lines to /etc/grub.d/40_custom: menuentry "Solaris 11/11" {      set root=(hd0,1)      chainloader +1} Two things need to be mentioned: a) grub2 starts numbering partitions with 1; so my /dev/sda1 is partition 1. b) Oracle Solaris boots without the partition being made active (btw: the command to make a partition active with grub2 is "parttool (hd0,1) boot+", which currently does not work for me). As debugging grub is a bit complicated, I used the grub CLI to perform some tests and also used a tool, that I found on sourceforge.net that was able to prepare a list of all boot loaders on all partitions. This told me that the basic setup was correct. Unfortunately I lost it in the live CD environment. I hope this is helpful for some of the readers.Hartmut

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• 3Ware 9650SE RAID-6, two degraded drives, one ECC, rebuild stuck

  - by cswingle

  This morning I came in the office to discover that two of the drives on a RAID-6, 3ware 9650SE controller were marked as degraded and it was rebuilding the array. After getting to about 4%, it got ECC errors on a third drive (this may have happened when I attempted to access the filesystem on this RAID and got I/O errors from the controller). Now I'm in this state: > /c2/u1 show Unit UnitType Status %RCmpl %V/I/M Port Stripe Size(GB) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ u1 RAID-6 REBUILDING 4%(A) - - 64K 7450.5 u1-0 DISK OK - - p5 - 931.312 u1-1 DISK OK - - p2 - 931.312 u1-2 DISK OK - - p1 - 931.312 u1-3 DISK OK - - p4 - 931.312 u1-4 DISK OK - - p11 - 931.312 u1-5 DISK DEGRADED - - p6 - 931.312 u1-6 DISK OK - - p7 - 931.312 u1-7 DISK DEGRADED - - p3 - 931.312 u1-8 DISK WARNING - - p9 - 931.312 u1-9 DISK OK - - p10 - 931.312 u1/v0 Volume - - - - - 7450.5 Examining the SMART data on the three drives in question, the two that are DEGRADED are in good shape (PASSED without any Current_Pending_Sector or Offline_Uncorrectable errors), but the drive listed as WARNING has 24 uncorrectable sectors. And, the "rebuild" has been stuck at 4% for ten hours now. So: How do I get it to start actually rebuilding? This particular controller doesn't appear to support /c2/u1 resume rebuild, and the only rebuild command that appears to be an option is one that wants to know what disk to add (/c2/u1 start rebuild disk=<p:-p...> [ignoreECC] according to the help). I have two hot spares in the server, and I'm happy to engage them, but I don't understand what it would do with that information in the current state it's in. Can I pull out the drive that is demonstrably failing (the WARNING drive), when I have two DEGRADED drives in a RAID-6? It seems to me that the best scenario would be for me to pull the WARNING drive and tell it to use one of my hot spares in the rebuild. But won't I kill the thing by pulling a "good" drive in a RAID-6 with two DEGRADED drives? Finally, I've seen reference in other posts to a bad bug in this controller that causes good drives to be marked as bad and that upgrading the firmware may help. Is flashing the firmware a risky operation given the situation? Is it likely to help or hurt wrt the rebuilding-but-stuck-at-4% RAID? Am I experiencing this bug in action? Advice outside the spiritual would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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• Repair GRUB bootloader for multiboot system

  - by user1715324

  I have two hard disks – one a 1TB and the other a 250 GB. I installed the OSes in the following order: Windows 7 on the first hard disk (1 TB) After that Kubuntu 12.04 on a partition (/dev/sdb7) on the second hard disk (250 GB) The second drive also contains an NTFS partition. Now, kubuntu's bootloader was installed on the second hard drive's MBR (and successfully detected Windows 7). So, whenever I wanted to load Windows I used to select the first hard disk from the BIOS boot menu and the second hard disk whenever I wanted to load kubuntu. I know I could have set the second hard disk as the default drive, still I prefered this method. The problem started when I installed Linux Mint 13 on the second hard disk (/dev/sdb3) and overwrote kubuntu's original MBR. Now, the GRUB just detects Mint and Windows. The MBR on the 1 TB hard disk is untouched. Is there a way I can modify the MBR on the second hard disk now so that it will show kubuntu and Mint both?

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• How do I add a low_disk_space class to cfengine3 if my disk is more than 90% full?

  - by joeforker

  I would like to set a class in cfengine3 so I can perform an action if the disk is almost full.

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• Windows 7 x64 how to verify integrity of ALL files on an NTFS disk?

  - by kilves76

  Looking for a tool that would verify integrity of ALL files on a Windows 7 x64 NTFS disk reliably? This is for testing of experimental defrag software, so it really needs to be secure and foolproof. I know it will take a long time, there's millions of files on the disk, but safety just cannot be compromised in a situation like this. Freeware solution much preferred. Can be either Windows software (=inducing pitfalls about files changing due to booting Windows) or a stand alone boot (for example linux boot cd + usb key for storing chksum/metadata).

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• Disk full, du tells different. How to further investigate?

  - by initall

  I have a SCSI disk in a server (hardware Raid 1), 32G, ext3 filesytem. df tells me that the disk is 100% full. If I delete 1G this is correctly shown. However, if I run a du -h -x / then du tells me that only 12G are used (I use -x because of some Samba mounts). So my question is not about subtle differences between the du and df commands but about how I can find out what causes this huge difference? I rebooted the machine for a fsck that went w/out errors. Should I run badblocks? lsof shows me no open deleted files, lost+found is empty and there is no obvious warn/err/fail statement in the messages file. Feel free to ask for further details of the setup.

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• Worth it to move /var to physical disk vs logical?

  - by Tammer Ibrahim

  Brief question about partition layout. I use an SSD for /, /boot, /usr, & /home partitions. I'd like to move /var to a mechanical disk to minimize writes to the SSD. I'm mainly concerned about maximizing drive life rather than maximizing performance (although I obviously wouldn't want to cripple my server). My mechanical disks consist of two drives sharing LVM, and a third used for nightly rsync backups. I also have a bunch of old 2.5in hard disks lying around. My question is, should I simply create a new LVM volume '/var' on my primary data store, or would it be worth the increased energy consumption (in terms of maximizing the lifetime of the LVMed drives) to install a low volume 2.5in disk to use just for /var? On a more general level my question is about the trade offs of placing OS mounts on the same physical volumes as my data. Thanks for any help!

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• How to unlock and remove a protected partition from Prestigio USB stick?

  - by mr.b

  Ok, so, I have one of those fancy schmancy devices, which is given to me by a frustrated friend of mine. Device is a Prestigio Leather 8GB, which identifies itself to Linux host as: Bus 001 Device 006: ID 1307:0165 Transcend Information, Inc. 2GB/4GB Flash Drive Kernel messages as USB device is plugged in: kernel: [ 2769.580042] usb 1-9: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 kernel: [ 2769.714782] scsi8 : usb-storage 1-9:1.0 kernel: [ 2770.713937] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access 8192MB flash drive 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 kernel: [ 2770.714535] scsi 8:0:0:1: Direct-Access 8192MB flash drive 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 kernel: [ 2770.715734] sd 8:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 kernel: [ 2770.716108] sd 8:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0 kernel: [ 2770.722175] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] 962560 512-byte logical blocks: (492 MB/470 MiB) kernel: [ 2770.722657] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Write Protect is on kernel: [ 2770.731078] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] 14012416 512-byte logical blocks: (7.17 GB/6.68 GiB) kernel: [ 2770.731215] sdc: kernel: [ 2770.738251] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] Write Protect is off kernel: [ 2770.880328] kernel: [ 2770.885876] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk kernel: [ 2770.887442] sdd: unknown partition table kernel: [ 2771.049605] sd 8:0:0:1: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk So, symptoms are typical for U3-like devices: two separate devices inside of a single flash device. Windows sees it also as two identical usb devices, and mounts two separate drives to system, whereas first one presents itself as a CDROM device, holding a write-protected content, and second is a regular flash-disk partition, that "can" be written to. However, it seems like it's broken in some weird way, since it won't let me write anything to it, format it, nothing, but that's not the issue right now. Question: How can I unlock entire USB stick so it appears to system as a single, 8GB device which can be partitioned and used normally, without restrictions? Since it appeared to be an U3 device, I have tried standard utilities: both U3 Uninstaller by u3.com (found on SoftPedia), and opensource u3_tool from sourceforge (on both Windows and Linux). First utility failed to even detect USB stick as U3 device (simply stood idle while I re-plugged stick several times), while second tool failed with some obscure error about SCSI command unable to do something (I might be able to provide exact errors when I switch back to windows). u3_tool -i /dev/sg3 (Display device info) fails with u3_partition_info() failed: Device reported command failed: status 1 ...and every other option fails with same error, minus first part which states which command precisely has failed. So, apparently, this isn't a U3 device. Or, if it is, it doesn't behave like one. I read on a few occasions that this device protection is done by special command sent to device which tells it to lock itself, and so there should be an unlock command, that would set drive straight. Does anyone have any idea about what could I do to this device to fix it? P.S. I also mentioned a problem with being unable to use second "drive", but I'll tackle that problem when (and if) I manage to merge those two devices into one...

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• Windows detected a hard disk failure* - what should I do?

  - by bart

  I'm using Windows 7 x64 Ultimate, I'm getting windows error popups like this one for about 3 days, multiple times a day: This Samsung SpinPoint F3 HD502HJ 500 GB is about 2 years old and I already checked it with Samsung ES Tool 3.0, did all the scans (took hours) and everything is fine! I have no malware, viruses and this started to happen after I have had some electrcity issues at my house (multiple power surges / overvolatege during the night, PC was connected, but turned off), any ideas? What other test should I perform? I believe the disk could be damaged, but then diagnostic tools should prove this, right? *in fact "Windows detected hard disk problem" but I was unable to put word "problem" within the title as well.

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• How do I make more available space on a Time Machine hard disk?

  - by Daryl Spitzer

  I upgraded my MacBook Pro to Snow Leopard, and made some other changes that have caused my next Time Machine backup to be quite large. Previous to the upgrade my backup drive had filled up, so Time Machine was deleting old backups to make room for new ones. When Time Machine started the first backup after the upgrade, it displayed a message that it was freeing up space. But it wasn't able to free up enough: (The disk has 320 GB capacity.) How can I free up more space on the disk (without reformatting or deleting all the existing backups)? I don't want to recklessly delete files and take the risk of confusing Time Machine.

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• Adding Extra Hard Drives Debian Fdisk

  - by Belgin Fish

  well I just got a new server and it's a little different than what I'm use to, when I run cfdisk I get WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdc'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdc: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdd'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdd: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdf'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdf: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdf1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sde'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sde: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Usually it tells me which ones arn't partitioned and stuff, and I only have 6 drives in my server and there's 6 showing up here so I'm only assuming the first ones already mounted and formatted correctly? I'm not really sure if anyone would help me out here. Basically I just want to format and mount these drives :)

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• How do I share a complete XP disk so it can be seen from a Windows 7 system?

  - by Ian Ringrose

  This should be easier! (both computers can see the internet etc so I know the network it’s self is working) I have a normal home network with a Windows XP machine on it and the new Windows 7 (64 bit) machine. So I can transfer the files to the new Windows 7 machine, I wish to share the complete disk (and all files) from the Windows XP machine and access them from the Windows 7 machine. Is there a step by step set of instructions for doing this anywhere? So fare I have: put both computers into the same workgroup put the windows 7 machine into work network mode so it can see the XP machine in the work group shared the XP disk as read only But when I try to access a lot of the folders on the XP disks, I am told I am not allowed to access them. (I was not asked for any passwords by the windows 7 machine when I accessed the XP machine. The XP machine just has its default account with no password set on it)

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