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• Is it wise for a programmer to move into management?

  - by Desolate Planet

  Many times, a developer has suggested that I become a team leader because I'm motivated, but during my career in the IT industry, I've seen so many people who are great at programming, move into management and they are miserable. I've also seen many managers return to programming stating "I'm a technical person, I like technical problems". If this is such a common thing, why do developers feel compelled to leave the technical domain and move into management? Sure you'll have more money and more control, but if you don't enjoy your work and take your problems out on your tream. Secondly, I've been asked in developer interviews, "Would you consider leading a team?" and I'm always tempted to cite the Peter Principle based on what I've seen. I am interested in furthering myself, but not in the way the company may want i.e "Vice President of department blah". To be honest, I've seen this more often in the corporate world than in small development houses and it's always put me off ever going back to a corporate environment. I just feel that this is becoming more and more the norm and it's impacting team morale and degrading the quality of the work. Question: Based on what I've said, Is it a smart move for a technical person to move into management?

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• Should I use mod_wsgi embedded mode if I have full control of Apache?

  - by mgibsonbr

  I'm managing a bunch of sites and applications in a shared hosting, using Django via mod_wsgi. I had planned to use daemon mode from the beginning (to avoid restart problems), but ended up purchasing a plan that allows me to run a dedicated Apache instance. I kept using daemon mode for convenience, but I'm afraid it's consuming more server resources than it should (I have different projects for each site, each with its own process and process group), so I'm considering switching to embedded mode. Would that be a sensible thing to do? I'd still be able to restart Apache anytime I need to, and I wouldn't need so many child processes and sockets (so I hope the resource usage would decrease). But I'm unsure whether or not doing so would make it more difficult to manage those sites (if I need to update one, I have to restart all) or maybe the applications won't be properly isolated from one another. Are these problems really significant (or only a minor nuisance), are there other drawbacks I coudn't foresee? I'm looking for advice in any aspect of this setup - mainainability, performance, security etc. Tips for improving the current setup are also welcome (I know how to correctly configure a basic mod_wsgi setup, but I'm clueless about sensible values for threads, processes etc).

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• Developing wheel reinventing tendencies into a skill as opposed to reluctantly learning wheel-finding skills? [duplicate]

  - by Korey Hinton

  This question already has an answer here: Is reinventing the wheel really all that bad? 20 answers I am more of a high-level wheel reinventor. I definitely prefer to make use of existing API features built into a language and popular third-party frameworks that I know can solve the problem, however when I have a particular problem that I feel capable of solving within a reasonable time I am very reluctant to find someone else's solution. Here are a few reasons why I reinvent: It takes time to learn a new API API restrictions might exist that I don't know about Avoiding re-work of unfamiliar code I am conflicted between doing what I know and shifting to a new technique I don't feel comfortable with. On one hand I feel like following my instincts and getting really good at solving problems, especially ones that I would never challenge myself with if all I did was try to find answers. And on the other hand I feel like I might be missing out on important skills like saving time by finding the right framework and expanding my knowledge by learning how to use a new framework. I guess my question comes down to this: My current attitude is to stick to the built-in API and APIs I know well* and to not spend my time searching github for a solution to a problem I know I can solve myself within a reasonable amount of time. Is that a reasonable balance for a successful programmer? *Obviously I will still look around for new frameworks that save time and solve/simplify difficult problems.

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• Weird IIS with Windows Authentication + IE problem

  - by Paulius Maruška

  I have a website running on IIS and using Windows Authentication. All users that are configured to get access to the site are form a AD domain (not local users). In the properties of a Website, I have set to use the AD domain as the realm. Now, when using Firefox, Safari or Chrome - Everything is fine. When the user tries to open the site, he get's the login box. he enters simply "username" and "password" (let's pretend that it's an actual login and password :P) and he get's into the site. When using IE, however, things get nasty. When the user tries to open the site - he get's the login box. User enters the "username" and "password" again, but those get rejected! And when the second time login box pops up - it has the username filled in as "web-server-domain-name\username" which is wrong, because web-server-domain-name is not the domain where all users reside (it's "ad-domain"). I've spent days trying to figure out what's going on... Note, that if I manually enter "ad-domain\username" - I get accepted into the site without problems. So, my guess is that IE sends wrong username if domain is not specified. Anyway, IE is the only browser that triggers this behavior! Is it possible to do a server-side fix? Maybe it's possible to somehow auto-map the users to AD users? If it's not solvable server-side - is there a client-side fix for this? Thank you. PS: I'm more of a programmer than a sys-admin, so configuring servers isn't the strong side of mine... :P UPDATE: @Evan: Yes, "Digest authentication for Windows domain servers" is also enabled. @Eric: IIS version is 6.0. The authentication methods enabled are: Integrated and digest - all other methods are disabled. As for the security log. I looked at it, when doing "username" and "password" login in Chrome/Firefox and when doing "ad-domain\username" and "password" login from IE - the generated log messages are the same (I see no difference, anyway). When entering "username" and "password" I don't see any errors in the security (or any other) log, so can't tell what method it's trying to use. UPDATE 2: As suggested by Eric in the comments - I played around with Fiddler... While playing with it, I noticed, that when "username" and "password" is entered in FF and IE - the "Authorization" header value (encrypted) sent by IE is longer (almost two times) than one sent by FF. I tried to disable Windows Integrated authentication and only leave the Digest enabled - that fixed the problem (meaning, IE used the right realm just like other browsers), but that caused bazillion other problems with my site, because with Digest - user impersonation on the server doesn't work (that causes problems, when connecting to database etc). Any ideas?

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• Why can't I install from software center?

  - by user64720

  There was a problem upgrading to Firefox 13. This error kept returning: /var/cache/apt/archives/firefox_13.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_i386.deb W: Waited for dpkg --assert-multi-arch but was not there - dpkgGo (10: There are no "child" processes). Now it seems that there is some problem with dpkg and I can't install anything from software center. I already tried to clean previous packages with sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf and then sudo apt-get update, it didn't work. When running sudo dpkg --configure -a, I get this: dpkg: problems with dependencies prevent the configuration of firefox-globalmenu: firefox-globalmenu depends on firefox (= 13.0+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1); however: The package is not installed. dpkg: error while processing firefox-globalmenu (--configure): problems com dependencies - leaving unconfigured There has been found errors while processing: firefox-globalmenu What should I do to fix this?? EDIT: I don't have the necessary expertise to understand why what I did worked and what was causing the conflict, but anyway, since there was a problem with firefox-globalmenu:, I went to synaptics package manager, I removed this particular package and reinstalled it. After that, I was able to install Firefox from synaptics and also any other applications from software center. However, still there was a problem, when running sudo apt-get update, the following kept returning: Failed to get gzip:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages Verification code hash doesn't match. E: Some archives index failed at being downloaded. They have been ignored, or older copies are used instead. So I typed sudo rm /var/lib/apt/lists/* -vf in terminal and then again sudo apt-get update and everything is fine now. I did this before an answer was posted, anyway I agree the problem was that particular package and its removal. So I'll mark the below answer as accepted.

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• Remote Desktop fails with no error

  - by Duane

  Recently, I've been having problems connecting to a remote machine via RDP. I can connect fine exactly once, but all subsequent attempts fail until the remote machine is rebooted. I seem to authenticate properly, but the RDP logon dialog disappears after showing, "Configuring remote session..." for a few seconds. No errors or other useful info is written either to my screen or the Event Logs of the two machines involved. I've tried disabling remote sound as others have suggested, with no success. I'm still investigating a solution, but would appreciate any thoughts. Fortunately, I can reboot the box remotely w/o causing any problems, but this is a less than ideal workaround.

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• Problem with usb wireless mouse

  - by aiacet

  Recently I have started having problems with my wireless mouse (Wireless Optical Mouse MI-4910D). Sometimes when I start my PC or during a game the pointer/arrow stops moving. When the PC boots the pointer is locked in the center of the screen. If I'm lucky it helps to change the USB wireless adapter from port 1 to port 2 but sometimes this trick doesn't work and I have to restart my PC to get the mouse to work again. Like you can see in the product web page this mouse don't have a driver but only a tool to solve some problems. Thank you in advance to all the "super-users" that reading this question would be help me Ajax

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• Ideas of subjects for Diplomas for students who are getting Network Engineering degree

  - by wik

  Looking for an ideas and solutions of possible problems to be used as a part of pre-diploma practice for students who getting Network Engineering degree. The important requirement: The problem must be solved by designing new device or software which incorporate(or improve) with existent device. It's could be something industry specific, particular problem, etc. Thanks. p.s. The time for writing diploma is also limited by few month here, i.e. it's will be hard to solve very complex problems, but would be nice to hear something fresh :)

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• Using rsync with link-dest from HFS to NTFS

  - by Tom

  Hi, I'm having a problem with rsync. I'm on a Mac and I'd like to sync my everyday's changes from my HFS+ partition to my NTFS formated networked drive. Pretty simple, and everything goes well except that it syncs every file each times. Here's my script: #! /bin/sh snapshot_dir=/Volumes/USB_Storage/Backups snapshot_id=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` /usr/bin/rsync -a \ --verbose \ --delete --delete-excluded \ --human-readable --progress \ --one-file-system \ --partial \ --modify-window=1 \ --exclude-from=.backup_excludes \ --link-dest ../current \ /Users/tommybergeron/Desktop/Brainpad \ $snapshot_dir/in-progress cd $snapshot_dir rm -rf $snapshot_id mv in-progress $snapshot_id rm -f current ln -s $snapshot_id $snapshot_dir/current Could someone help me out please? I've been searching for like two hours and I still am clueless. Thanks so much.

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• Use windows 7 inside virtual box,as guest i mean, to create a Windows 7 USB using "Windows 7 USB/DVD Download Tool" ? (Linux as host)

  - by Abel Coto

  I want to download the Windows 7 professional iso (x32), from microsoft, and , i can do two things. Or buy a new burner , as mine doesn't work (i am trying to decide what dvd writer i could buy) or use a usb dongle to copy the iso to it , and install it via usb. I want to install Windows 7 in a netbook that now has debian,and in my pc. I think i have to buy only the license for the pc , as the netbook came with windows 7 preinstalled, so i suppose that i can use that serial to activate the windows , although i don't know how to install windows 7 starter instead of professional (i think if you remove a file from the iso, windows let you choose the edition to install). The problem is that in both pcs there isn't any windows , only debian. My father has a netbook with windows 7 starter, but i think it hasn't antivirus (at least until have the Karspersky Internet security for 3 pcs bought ), and i don't trust to make the usb there , if i don't now that there isn't any virus or malware. So i am trying to find a way of Create a Windows 7 usb installation , to at least be able to install windows 7 in the netbook without a external dvd writer. I know that with dd in linux you can copy a debian.iso to the usb , and then install debian with it (i've done it) using something like dd if=win7.iso of=/dev/sdb, but i don't know if this would work for windows 7 iso,and if dd will correctly copy the iso to the usb. I suppose that if you are able to boot and install windows 7 from the usb , is that the method works,and you can forget of problems later with the windows 7 installation (problems because some files could not be copied or like). So , i remembered that Microsoft created a tool to copy the iso to the usb using windows. So i thought that i could install in my pc , virtual box , as i have VT and 8 GB ram in it, and download the iso from microsoft ,install windows 7 in the virtual machine , and then copy the iso inside the machine , donwload the iso tool, and atach a usb to the pc, connect it to the guest , and use the tool to copy the iso to the USB. But i don't now if is possible to use a virtual machine to do this , or the virtualization could give problems with the usb, or something. I have found some minutes ago this How to make a windows 7 usb flash install media, from linux? The first method (dd) is the one i like more , and i trust more ( i don't now if the second method using ms-sys , works well , and if i can trust it. I understand that a iso is like a .rar , but no compressed,only containing the files ,so mount the iso and cp the data inside perhaps is ok. Although the method i like more is the microsoft one (more because is from microsoft , and i suppose they now what they do ,at least with this usb related thing, than anything). Perhaps worth more to buy a external dvd writer haha ... Should the virtual machine method work ?

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• when I type apt-get -f install, I get the error message

  - by gene

  xserver-xorg-core (2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.8) breaks xserver-xorg-video-5 and is installed. Also I can not upgrade my software, It said that the package system is broken, with detail information: The following packages have unmet dependencies: xserver-xorg-core: Depends: xserver-common (>= 2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.8) but 2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.8 is installed when I issue sudo apt-get update, the output seems fine the source is(sorry the output has too many links that I can not post in);http://archive.ubuntu.com Reading package lists... Done ====================== when I issue sudo apt-get dist-upgrade, the output is: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies: xserver-xorg-core : Breaks: xserver-xorg-video-5 E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f. ================== when I issue 'sudo apt-get -f install', the output is: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of xserver-xorg-video-radeon: xserver-xorg-core (2:1.11.4-0ubuntu10.8) breaks xserver-xorg-video-5 and is installed. xserver-xorg-video-radeon (1:6.12.1-0ubuntu2) provides xserver-xorg-video-5. dpkg: error processing xserver-xorg-video-radeon (--configure):dependency problems leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: xserver-xorg-video-radeon E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

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• XNA 4.0, Combining model draw calls

  - by MayContainNuts

  I have the following problem: The levels in my game are made up of a Large Quantity of small Models and because of that I am experiencing frame rate problems. I already did some research and came to the conclusion that the amount of draw calls I am making must be the root of my problems. I've looked around for a while now and couldn't quite find a satisfying solution. I can't cull any of those models, in a worst case scenario there could be 1000 of them visible at the same time. I also looked at Hardware geometry Instancing, but I don't think that's quite what I'm looking for, because the level consists of a lot of different parts. So, what I'd like to do is combining 100 or 200 of these Models into a single large one and draw it as a whole 'chunk'. The whole geometry is static so it wouldn't have to be changed after combining, but different parts of it would have to use different textures (I think I can accomplish that with a texture atlas). But I have no idea how to to that, so does anybody have any suggestions?

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• Does the term "Learning Curve" include the knowing of the gotchas?

  - by voroninp

  When you learn new technology you spend time understanding its concepts and tools. But when technology meets real life strange and not pleasant things happen. Reuqirements are often far from ideal and differ from 'classic' scenario. And soon I find myself bending the technology to my real needs. At this point I begin to know bugs of the system or that is is not so flexible as it seemed at the very begining. And this 'fighting' with technology consumes a great part of the time while developing. What is more depressing is that the bunch of such gotchas and workarounds are not concentrated at one place (book, site, etc.) And before you really confront it you cannot really ask the correct question because you do not even suspect the reason for the problem to occur (unknown-unknown). So my question consiststs of three: 1) Do you really manage (and how) to predict possible future problems? 2) How much time do you spend for finding the workaround/fix/solution before you leave it and switch to other problems. 3) What are the criteria for you to think about yourself as experienced in the tecnology. Do you take these gotchas into account?

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• Windows Media Player 11 Not Detecting Autoplaylists

  - by tuna

  Every time I open Windows Media Player it fails to detect my autoplaylists stored in <my music library dir>\Playlists. This appears to lead to sync problems since I (exclusively) use autoplaylists to sync music to my mobile. As WMP 11 fails to find the any sync autoplaylists it infuriatingly seems to decide that I want no music at all on my phone and proceeds to delete all my music off my phone. I guess these are two seperate problems but it seems to me they are related. If anyone can shed any light on a fix, that would be much appreciated. Many thanks

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• Why can't European users access my site?

  - by japancheese

  Hello, My site has been running just fine for the past couple of years, but all of a sudden, two days ago, European users have been experiencing serious connection problems to the site. I really want to fix this for them, but what's the best way to figure out what the issue is? I have absolutely no connection problems to the site on my end, nor do Asian or other American users it seems. Using just-ping.com, some European servers come back with some packet losses. I tried doing some traceroutes from European servers to my own, but they all seemed to work just fine. I'd at least like to be able to tell users that if the problem does not lie with my server, then it at least lies somewhere out of my control. I really want to figure out what the choke point is though. Is there another way I might be able to find out why they can't seem to connect to the site? Just looking for any other ideas from people that have had a similar experience.

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• The Start of a Blog

  - by dbradley

  So, here's my new blog up and running, who am I and what am I planning to write here?First off - here's a little about me:I'm a recent graduate from university (coming up to a year ago since I finished) studying Software Engineering on a four year course where the third year was an industrial placement. During the industrial placement I went to work for a company called Adfero in a "Technical Consultant" role as well as a junior "Information Systems Developer". Once I completed my placement I went back to complete my final year but also continued in my developer role 2/3 days a week with the company.Working part time while at uni always seems like a great idea until you get half way through the year. For me the problem was not so much having a lack of time, but rather a lack of interest in the course content having got a chance at working on real projects in a live environment. Most people who have been graduated a little while also find this - when looking back at uni work, it seem to be much more trivial from a problem solving point of view which I found to be true and I found key to uni work to actually be your ability to prove though how you talk about something that you comprehensively understand the basics.After completing uni I then returned full time to Adfero purely in the developer role which is where I've now been for almost a year and have now also taken on the title of "Information Systems Architect" where I'm working on some of the more high level design problems within the products.What I'm wanting to share on this blog is some of the interesting things I've learnt myself over the last year, the things they don't teach you in uni and pretty much anything else I find interesting! My personal favorite areas are text indexing, search and particularly good software engineering design - good design combined with good code makes the first step towards a well-written, maintainable piece of software.Hopefully I'll also be able to share a few of the products I've worked on, the mistake I've made and the software problems I've inherited from previous developers and had to heavily re-factor.

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• JRuby and JVM Languages at JavaOne!

  - by Yolande Poirier

  "My goal with my talks at JavaOne is to teach what is happening at the JVM level and below so people understand better where we are going" explains Charles Nutter, Jruby project lead. In this interview, Charles shared the JRuby features he presented at the JVM Language Summit. They include foreign function interface (FFI), IO layer, character transcoding, regular expressions, compilers, coroutines, and more.  At JavaOne, he will be presenting:  Going Native: Bringing FFI to the JVM The Java Native Runtime (JNR) is a high-speed foreign function interface (FFI) for calling native code from Java without ever writing a line of C. Based on the success of JNR, JDK Enhancement Proposal (JEP) 191 will bring FFI to OpenJDK as an internal API.  The Emerging Languages Bowl: The Big League Challenge In this panel discussion, these emerging languages are portrayed by their respective champions, who explain how they may help your everyday life as a Java developer. Script Bowl 2014: The Battle Rages On In this contest, languages that run on the JVM, represented by their respective language experts, battle for most popular language status by showing off their new features. Audience members will also vote on a language that should not return in 2015. Returning from 2013 are language gurus representing Clojure, Groovy, JRuby, and Scala.

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• Google Chrome can't load too many tabs together!

  - by tapan

  This is an annoying problem that I face and friends of mine agree to this too. When using a site like Digg I tend to browse the page and open a lot of tabs simultaneously before reading each tab individually. Now what happens is, when there are 4-5 or more tabs loading up, all of them just stop loading.I can still see that annoying circle rotating (which means it is trying to load) but nothing happens. I have to stop the load and then refresh one tab at a time to see these pages. I never faced these problems on firefox or opera. What can the possible reasons for this be and how do I overcome this issue ? I'm using Ubuntu 10.04 and my Chrome Version is 5.0.375.55. PS: I use the internet from behind a proxy server at my college. I wonder if that could cause these problems. My friends in college also face the same problem.

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• What is the proper response to lousy error message?

  - by William Pursell

  I've just come across (for the 47 millionth time) some code that looks like this: except IOError, e: print "Problems reading file: %s." % filename sys.exit( 1 ) My first reaction is very visceral: the person who coded this is a complete idiot. How hard is it to print error messages to stderr and to include the system error message in the string? I haven't used python in years, and it took me all of 4 minutes to track down the documentation to figure out how to get the error message from the exception object e and the syntax for printing to stderr. My "complete idiot" reaction was slightly lessened since at least a non-zero value is passed to sys.exit, but I still find this code offensive. My prime thought is that the developer who wrote this is a complete novice for whom I have zero respect. Am I over-reacting? Surely there are excuses for all sorts of bad coding practices, but is there anything that can possibly excuse this sort of $#|t? I guess there are two question here: one is a duplicate of What are developer's problems with helpful error messages?, and the other is "am I over-reacting, or is it valid to conclude that the author of the above code is a novice?"

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• USB Ports In Wrong Mode, How To Use usbmodeswitch?

  - by user86872

  I haven't had access to my USB ports as media devices for a couple days now. I've been reading and researching everything I can find but I can't find a good guide for usbmodeswtich or usbms that I can decipher. The USB's are fine for power, but won't support my android phone as a media device, which is killing me because I use adb everyday, and won't support my plug and play mouse any longer. Not sure what caused the switch, though I think it may be related to the suspend issue I've read about, but the solutions in those threads I read also didn't work. Below is my system information and details. System: Ubuntu 12.04, 64-bit, Dedicated Machine Machine: HP-Pavillion g6 notebook, AMD A6 Quad Core Processor USBs used for: Cooling dock, Android Debug Bridge, Wireless Mouse Attempted Mod Probe, udev restart, unable to attempt lsusb due to my own lack of knowledge. :) Last Attempt Readout: ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe -r usbhid && sleep 5 && sudo modprobe usbhid ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe -r usb-storage ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo modprobe usb-storage ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ sudo restart udev udev start/running, process 2624 ncandiano@ncandiano-HP-Pavilion-g6-Notebook-PC:~$ lsusb Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0461:4de7 Primax Electronics, Ltd webcam Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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• Is it better to specialize in a single field I like, or expand into other fields to broaden my horizons?

  - by Oak

  This is a dilemma about which I have been thinking for quite a while. I'm a graduate student and my topics of interest are programming language design, code analysis, compilation, etc. So far, this field has been very interesting and rewarding for me, so I was thinking about finding a job in that field and continuing to specialize in it. I feel like it's a relatively solid field which won't "get out of style" anytime soon. I've always thought that in such complex fields it's better to be a real expert than just another guy who superficially understand what the experts are talking about. On the other hand, I feel that by specializing this way I really limit my future option. I have always been a strong believer in multidisciplinary approaches to problems. Maybe I should go search for a general programming job in which I could gain experience in other fields, as well as occasionally apply my favorite field for solving problems. Specializing in only one or two fields can prevent me from thinking outside the box and cause stagnation. I would really like to hear more opinions about this choice. The truth is I'm already leaning towards one of the choices, so basic psychology says nothing will change my mind, but I would still love to hear some feedback.

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• Unit testing and Test Driven Development questions

  - by Theomax

  I'm working on an ASP.NET MVC website which performs relatively complex calculations as one of its functions. This functionality was developed some time ago (before I started working on the website) and defects have occurred whereby the calculations are not being calculated properly (basically these calculations are applied to each user which has certain flags on their record etc). Note; these defects have only been observed by users thus far, and not yet investigated in code while debugging. My questions are: Because the existing unit tests all pass and therefore do not indicate that the defects that have been reported exist; does this suggest the original code that was implemented is incorrect? i.e either the requirements were incorrect and were coded accordingly or just not coded as they were supposed to be coded? If I use the TDD approach, would I disgregard the existing unit tests as they don't show there are any problems with the calculations functionality - and I start by making some failing unit tests which test/prove there are these problems occuring, and then add code to make them pass? Note; if it's simply a bug that is occurring that can be found while debugging the code, do the unit tests need to be updated since they are already passing?

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• How do I debug an overheating problem?

  - by Tab

  Hello guys. I have a problem with my Laptop (Dell Inspiron 1564 Core i5 4GB Ram VGA ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4300 running Ubuntu 10.10 32bit). It shuts down abruptly without even a lag in the application I am working with before shutdown. I think it's overheating problem. Actually the laptop is hot all the time when I am running Ubuntu. When I switch back to windows, even with intense load it won't shutdown or show any problem as long as I keep proper ventilation (when the air openings are blocked it does the same). Actually on Ubuntu i don't usually do things that need much CPU power, usually surfing internet, coding web pages and sometimes playing with python and ruby. I am not enabling desktop effects so no GPU load except the normal GNOME gui. Now as I am writing the Processor load in the panel monitor applet is 0%, Memory 11% by programs, 22% by cache. And i have CPU Frequency monitor for each of the 4 cores set to 1.20 Ghz (the lowest possible value, i am not sure if this applet does really limit CPU usage). Running sensors in terminal gave me temp1: +26.8°C (crit = +100.0°C) temp2: +0.0°C (crit = +100.0°C) hddtemp /dev/sda at the terminal gave me /dev/sda: WDC WD3200BEVT-75ZCT2: 46°C All that fine but the laptop is Really hot i can feel it in the keyboard, mouse pad is painful to touch, and the fan is always spinning. I am also placing 2 small fans running on USB under the laptop right now and the laptop is lifted over the fans so it's well ventilated. When I am running windows it doesn't get that hot except when there is a really big load on the CPU and this is keeping me away from using Linux for everyday tasks. Actually I don't care much for speed as I can deal with low speed it's not going to shutdown abruptly. So please if you can help me and tell me what are the possible causes, where should I start ?

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• Why is math taught "backwards"? [closed]

  - by Yorirou

  A friend of mine showed me a pretty practical Java example. It was a riddle. I got excited and quickly solved the problem. After it, he showed me the mathematical explanation of my solution (he proved why is it good), and it was completely clear for me. This seems like natural approach for me: solve problems, and generalize. This is very familiar to me, I do it all the time when I am programming: I write a function. When I have to write a similar function, I generalize the problem, grab the generic parts, and refactor them to a function, and solve the original problems as a specialization of the general function. At the university (or at least where I study), things work backwards. The professors shows just the highest possible level of the solutions ("cryptic" mathematical formulas). My problem is that this is too abstract for me. There is no connection of my previous knowledge (== reality in my sense), so even if I can understand it, I can't really learn it properly. Others are learning these formulas word-by-word, and get good grades, since they can write exactly the same to the test, but this is not an option for me. I am a curious person, I can learn interesting things, but I can't learn just text. My brain is for storing toughts, not strings. There are proofs for the theories, but they are also really hard to understand because of this, and in most of the cases they are omitted. What is the reason for this? I don't understand why is it a good idea to show the really high level of abstraction and then leave the practical connections (or some important ideas / practical motivations) out?

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• Secure, efficient, version-preserving, filename-hiding backup implemented in this way?

  - by barrycarter

  I tried writing a "perfect" backup program (below), but ran into problems (also below). Is there an efficient/working version of this?: Assumptions: you're backing up from 'local', which you own and has limited disk space to 'remote', which has infinite disk space and belongs to someone else, so you need encryption. Network bandwidth is finite. 'local' keeps a db of backed-up files w/ this data for each file: filename, including full path file's last modified time (mtime) sha1sum of file's unencrypted contents sha1sum of file's encrypted contents Given a list of files to backup (some perhaps already backed up), the program runs 'find' and gets the full path/mtime for each file (this is fairly efficient; conversely, computing the sha1sum of each file would NOT be efficient) The program discards files whose filename and mtime are in 'local' db. The program now computes the sha1sum of the (unencrypted contents of each remaining file. If the sha1sum matches one in 'local' db, we create a special entry in 'local' db that points this file/mtime to the file/mtime of the existing entry. Effectively, we're saying "we have a backup of this file's contents, but under another filename, so no need to back it up again". For each remaining file, we encrypt the file, take the sha1sum of the encrypted file's contents, rsync the file to its sha1sum. Example: if the file's encrypted sha1sum was da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709, we'd rsync it to /some/path/da/39/a3/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 on 'remote'. Once the step above succeeds, we add the file to the 'local' db. Note that we efficiently avoid computing sha1sums and encrypting unless absolutely necessary. Note: I don't specify encryption method: this would be user's choice. The problems: We must encrypt and backup 'local' db regularly. However, 'local' db grows quickly and rsync'ing encrypted files is inefficient, since a small change in 'local' db means a big change in the encrypted version of 'local' db. We create a file on 'remote' for each file on 'local', which is ugly and excessive. We query 'local' db frequently. Even w/ indexes, these queries are slow, since we're often making one query for each file. Would be nice to speed this up by batching queries or something. Probably other problems that I've now forgotten.

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