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• Ubunt doesn't mount one of my NTFS disks

  - by Jader Dias

  There is a mountable /dev/sda NTFS formatted (Windows disk) There is no /dev/sdb when I ls /dev (NTFS Data disk) There is a /dev/sdc which is another disk of the same model, (Ubuntu disk) I can see that Ubuntu detected this unmountable disk in the Disk Utility It states incorrectly it is unpartioned and a RAID volume. (it previously was RAID0 setup with /dev/sdc but now it is a simple volume, no RAID whatsoever) When I boot Windows 7, it uses this unmountable disk without a glitch The problem happens in both IDE and AHCI modes Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx

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• Problem restoring from tar backup: why are there /dev/disk/by-id/ symlinks and how can I avoid them?

  - by SK.

  Hello, I'm trying to make a bare-bone backup system with the most basic tools available on openSUSE 11.3 (in this case: bash, fdisk, tar & grub legacy) Here's the workflow for my scripts: backup.sh: (Run from external system, e.g. LiveCD) make an fdisk script ($fscript) from fdisk -l's output [works] mount the partitions from the system's fstab [works] tar the crucial stuff in file.tgz [works] restore.sh: (Run from external system, e.g. LiveCD) run fdisk $dest < $fscript to restore partitioning [works] format and mount partitions from system's fstab [fails] extract from file.tgz [works when mounting manually] restore grub [fails] I have recently noticed that openSUSE (though I'm sure it has nothing to do with the distro) has different output in /etc/fstab and /boot/grub/menu.lst, more precisely the partition name is for example "/dev/disk/by-id/numbers-brandname-morenumbers-part2" instead of "/dev/sda2" -- but it basically is a simple symlink. My questions about this: what is the point of such symlinks, especially if we're restoring on a different disk? is there a way to cleanly prevent the creation of those symlinks and use the "true" /dev/sdx everywhere instead? if the previous is no, do you know a way to replace those symlinks on the fly in a text file? I tried this script but only works if the file starts with the symlink description (case of fstab, not menu.lst): ### search and replace /dev/disk/by-id/... to /dev/sdx while read oldVolume rest; do # get first element, ignore rest of line if [[ "$oldVolume" =~ ^/dev/disk/by-id/.*(-part[0-9]*$)? ]]; then newVolume=$(readlink $oldVolume) # replace pointer by pointee, returns "../../sdx" echo /dev/${newVolume##*/} $rest >> TMP # format to "/dev/sdx", write line else echo $oldVolume $rest >> TMP # nothing to do fi done < $file mv -f TMP $file # save changes I've had trouble finding a solution to this on google so I was hoping some of the members here could help me. Thank you.

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• No power save on external hard drive - How to implement?

  - by blastawaythewall

  I recently bought a new 3.5" USB external hard drive which I thought had a power save feature on it, but it turns out that it doesn't. So whether it's being used or not, it spins, which wouldn't be a problem if it wasn't so loud and didn't get really really hot. After doing some research, it seems like what controls this is the enclosure of the hard drive and not the drive itself or the OS (although I suspect that's not entirely true). I attempted to use the "hdparm" utility but it couldn't identify my externals. Just to be clear, I'm defining power save as a hard drive spinning down after a certain time period of not being used (read from/written to). Also, I have other externals that do this, so it's not a problem from my computer. Here's my question: Is there a way to implement a power save-like feature on my hard drive through software, OS settings, or anything else? Here's some details: Running: Windows XP Home SP2 HD Model: Cavalry CAUM-B-OTB 2TB (although the website only lists 1TB max) Inside: Hitachi Deskstar 7K2000 (HDS722020ALA330) (I would link, but new users can only post 1) Thanks in advance.

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• How to access files on a drive from an older system, mounted in a new system?

  - by David Thomas

  I've recently built a new system, after a rather large physical injury was sustained by my previous system (a precarious balance, and gravity, were not a happy mix). Surprisingly the /home drive of that system appears to have more-or-less survived the trauma. However... I decided to use a fresh drive for / (and swap) partition(s), and another fresh drive for the new /home. Now that's working, I decided to install the old /home drive (that I had assumed until now would be entirely dead and without capacity for use) into the new system to recover the files and data (so far as is possible). At this point I've run into a snag: I have no idea how to go about this (with Windows it was relatively easy, the new drive would be the latest character of the alphabet, and go from there). With 'disk utility' (System - Administration - Disk Utitlity) I've worked out which drive it is (/dev/sda) but clicking on 'mount' produces an error: 1: helper failed with: mount: according to mtab, /dev/sdb1 is already mounted on / mount failed ...if it is mounted on / I can't see it. I'm also moderately confused by the disk (device /dev/sda) being referred to as /dev/sdb1. Any and all insights would be incredibly welcome (I've already voted for: Idea #9063: New internal hard drives default automount at Brainstorm). Edited in response to Roland's request for a screenshot of disk utility: Details (so far as I know them): 40GB disk is / and swap, 1.0 TB Samsung is /home 1.0 TB Hitachi is from the old system (and was the old /home drive). Output from sudo fdisk -l pasted below: Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000bef00 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 121601 976760001 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 40.0 GB, 40018599936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4865 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00037652 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 4742 38084608 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 4742 4866 993281 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 4742 4866 993280 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e8d46 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 121602 976760832 83 Linux

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• New SSD, is the MBR broken? DISK BOOT FAILURE

  - by Shevek

  I've been running Windows 7 on a WD 500gb SATA single drive, single partition setup for some time with no issues. I've just installed a new Kingston V Series 64gb SSD and performed a clean install of Win7 to it, deleting the partitions on the 500gb and using that as a data drive. All was well for a few reboots but then I started to get "DISK BOOT FAILURE, INSERT SYSTEM DISK AND PRESS ENTER" messages. If I put the Win7 install DVD back in the drive it boots fine. Tried a clean install again, after replacing SATA cables and swapping SATA ports, with a complete partition wipe of both drives. Again, rebooted fine a few times then back with the "DISK BOOT FAILURE" error. Looked on the web and found some discussions about it so I then started from scratch again. This time I wiped the MBR on both drives using MBRWork, disconnected the 500gb and reinstalled to the SSD. Removed the install DVD and installed all the drivers which involved many reboots, all with no problem. To make sure I also did a few cold boots as well. Reconnected the 500gb, initialised, partitioned and formatted it. Copied data to it and did some more reboots and shutdowns. All was ok. Then out of the blue comes another "DISK BOOT FAILURE" and again, if the Win7 install DVD is in the drive it boots fine. So, is the SSD a bad'un? TIA UPDATE: It was a BIOS issue! I found a hidden away option for HDD boot order, which was separate from the usual HDD/CDRom/FDD boot order option. The WD was set to boot before the SSD... Swapped them round and all is well. Still don't understand how it worked at first though... Thanks Solaris

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• is it necessary to format windows XP OS to do partitioning for Ubuntu, and how do I do it properly to then install Ubuntu from disk

  - by Brother V

  is it necessary to format windows XP OS to do partitioning for Ubuntu, and how do I do it properly to then install Ubuntu 10.10 from disk, and would it work from 10.10 to get 12.04 updates? Thank you all; for being, for being soooo forth-giving and for all you ever will to be. I endeavor to support and be of such torch-carrying also, and Am honored by the beautious examples of the people in these forums.

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• How do I share a complete XP disk so it can be seen from a Windows 7 system? (To move all files to a

  - by Ian Ringrose

  This should be easier! (both computers can see the internet etc so I know the network it’s self is working) I have a normal home network with a Windows XP machine on it and the new Windows 7 (64 bit) machine. So I can transfer the files to the new Windows 7 machine, I wish to share the complete disk (and all files) from the Windows XP machine and access them from the Windows 7 machine. Is there a step by step set of instructions for doing this anywhere? So fare I have: put both computers into the same workgroup put the windows 7 machine into work network mode so it can see the XP machine in the work group shared the XP disk as read only But when I try to access a lot of the folders on the XP disks, I am told I am not allowed to access them. (I was not asked for any passwords by the windows 7 machine when I accessed the XP machine. The XP machine just has its default account with no password set on it) The XP machine runs XP home and hence has "simple file shairing" turn on. So it seems that even if I create a admin account (with password) and connect with that account, it still comes in as "guest" on the XP machine. Chooseing to share the folder I want access to rather then the top of the disk drive seems to work, but is a pain as I need to share each user's folder with a different share name. If the new computer was not a laptop, I would just plug the hard disk from the old machine into it, but being a laptop I don't have that option.

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• Hard Disk Erasure - When Does Erased Not Really Mean Erased?

  You have no doubt heard the stories about personal or confidential business data being found on computer hard disks. There are comments by various world renowned experts in data recovery and computer... [Author: Michiel Van Kets - Computers and Internet - May 06, 2010]

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• How do I change file protections running XP on a disk from Windows Server?

  - by cdkMoose

  I had a Windows Server 2003 machine running at home, along with my desktop which I use for development. Server went belly up, but since my desktop is reasonably powerful, I figured I would move the disk from the file server (it was OK) into my XP machine to keep all of the files. Disk comes up fine and shows all of the files. I have been getting access denied errors when trying to work with some of the files. When I display attributes in Explorer, none of them are marked Read-Only. When I view properties on the directories, the Read-Only checkbox is not checked, but has a green background(which I thought meant mixed usage for files in the directory). When I click on the checkbox to clear it and click Apply, the disk does some work and all looks well. However, I continue to get the Access Denied errors, the files still don't show any Read-Only attribute and the directory properties shows the green background again on the Read-Only checkbox. I did check the box which says to apply the change to the folder and all files /subfilders under it. I am assuming that the issue relates to userids/permissions carried over from the Server install. So, why does it let me think I can change the attribute when I can't and how can I correct this problem so that the disk correctly recognizes the ids from XP?

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• More elegant way to avoid hard coding the format of a a CSV file?

  - by dsollen

  I know this is trivial issue, but I just feel this can be more elegant. So I need to write/read data files for my program, lets say they are CSV for now. I can implement the format as I see fit, but I may have need to change that format later. The simply thing to do is something like out.write(For.getValue()+","+bar.getMinValue()+","+fi.toString()); This is easy to write, but obviously is guilty of hard coding and the general 'magic number' issue. The format is hard-coded, requires parsing of the code to figure out the file format, and changing the format requires changing multiple methods. I could instead have my constants specifying the location that I want each variable to be saved in the CSV file to remove some of the 'magic numbers'; then save/load into the an array at the location specified by the constants: int FOO_LOCATION=0; int BAR_MIN_VAL_LOCATION=1; int FI_LOCATION=2 int NUM_ARGUMENTS=3; String[] outputArguments=new String[NUM_ARGUMENTS]; outputArguments[FOO_LOCATION] = foo.getValue(); outputArgumetns[BAR_MIN_VAL_LOCATION] = bar.getMinValue(); outptArguments[FI_LOCATOIN==fi.toString(); writeAsCSV(outputArguments); But this is...extremely verbose and still a bit ugly. It makes it easy to see the format of existing CSV and to swap the location of variables within the file easily. However, if I decide to add an extra value to the csv I need to not only add a new constant, but also modify the read and write methods to add the logic that actually saves/reads the argument from the array; I still have to hunt down every method using these variables and change them by hand! If I use Java enums I can clean this up slightly, but the real issue is still present. Short of some sort of functional programming (and java's inner classes are too ugly to be considered functional) I still have no obvious way of clearly expressing what variable is associated with each constant short of writing (and maintaining) it in the read/write methods. For instance I still need to write somewhere that the FOO_LOCATION specifies the location of foo.getValue(). It seems as if there should be a prettier, easier to maintain, manner for approaching this? Incidentally, I'm working in java at the moment, however, I am interested conceptually about the design approach regardless of language. Some library in java that does all the work for me is definitely welcome (though it may prove more hassle to get permission to add it to the codebase then to just write something by hand quickly), but what I'm really asking is more about how to write elegant code if you had to do this by hand.

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• How hard is to be the anonymous owner of a website?

  - by silla

  I'd like to create a website with a very radical political message. It won't be unethical (encouraging violence, etc) but I feel the points I plan to list in it will definitely make me a lot of enemies. How hard would it be to protect my identity from anyone finding out who I am? I know domains always have a $10/year option for privatizing your registration information but is there any other protection I should think about having? Thanks!

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• How to backup/restore full-disk encryption ubuntu 11.10?

  - by ggc

  How to backup/restore full-disk encryption ubuntu 11.10? I would like to put the RAW encrypted file system and restore on another computer. Encryption Details: crypt setup via Ubuntu alterate CD Installer only thing unencrypted is /boot File systems setup: boot- j swap-swap everything else-ext 4 Any suggestions? I have considered backing up the file system stripped of encryption, but I would prefer to keep the os encrypted while transferring. Thanks for any help!

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• How do I copy/clone a dynamic disk in Windows 7?

  - by PP

  I have some dynamic disks (or "partitions" but they are not really partitions) that I want to copy onto spare hard drives. I tried using gpartd (and fdisk for that matter) from a linux live disc. All it saw was hard drives with only one partition encasing the whole hard drive. So gpartd/fdisk is incapable of identifying the dynamic "partitions" and allowing me to copy them. Any tools that can be used to clone/copy a dynamic "partition"? (I'm open to commercial software suggestions if they can do the job).

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• Is it common to have portable hard drive not recognize?

  - by lamwaiman1988

  I have a bad hard drive which could not be recognized by windows. If windows can recognize it, it could just be pure luck. There are better chance of it being recognize by plugging it at the usb back of the machine, rather than the front one. More interestingly, I have a usb cable which fork itself at one side ( i.e it has 2 heads at one side ). I can plug both heads to the machine and connect the portable hard drive on the other end of the usb cable? Can I get more voltage by doing this? I am guessing the front usb port doesn't have enough power. I am wondering if I buy a new portable usb hard drive, would it have easy read by plugging at the front usb port? I am not sure if I screw up the jumper connecting the front usb ports, but it is okay for other device such as usb stick and mouse.

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• SQL Server Analysis Services 2005 crash when disk is full?

  - by squillman

  One of our SQL boxes ran itself out of disk space last night. This particular server has both the database engine and analysis services on it. Database engine was not happy about having no disk space on the volume where all the data files are, but analysis services just plain died. At least, the only thing I have to blame is the full volume. Has anyone experienced a SSAS that they've been able to directly tie to no disk space? I've got nothing else in the SQL or event logs to blame...

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• Forgot to unmount/eject external hard drive, lost moved files. Mac OS X

  - by balupton

  So I was using my Mac with my external hard drive connected via USB. I moved about 10 GB of data to it (via drag and drop while holding down the Command key to move the files rather than to copy them). They moved to the drive all right, but as I was having some issues and the Finder crashed after the transfer, I was unable to eject the volume and later everything froze so I had to do a hard restart (hold the power button). When I remounted the volume (plugged the external hard drive back in) it no longer had any of the files which I moved onto it. As it was a lot of data, how can I recover these files?

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• How can I join non-consecutive partitions on internal hard disk?

  - by Andy

  I recently installed a new, larger hard disk in my PC at work (the office wouldn't spring for an upgrade for my 75GB disk, so I brought my own 2TB disk in from home). I managed to clone the original drive using CloneZilla, but now I have a 75GB partition on my new drive, followed by a 300MB partition, followed by a 1794.65GB of unallocated space. What I want is to add the unallocated space to the 75GB partition, thereby maximizing my C: drive. However, when I right-click on the C: partition, the option to "Extend Volume" is grayed out. How do I get all my fancy new extra space to be part of my C: drive? I also tried booting with GParted, but I get the same deal - cannot adjust the C: drive because there's no contiguous space.

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• Is there a Windows 7 equivalent to the *NIX ability to create a hard link to /dev/null?

  - by minameismud

  I saw another question here that the Windows equivalent to /dev/null is simply NUL. I also know that you can use the mklink command to make sym links (shortcuts) from the command line: MKLINK [[/D] | [/H] | [/J]] Link Target /D Creates a directory symbolic link. Default is a file symbolic link. /H Creates a hard link instead of a symbolic link. /J Creates a Directory Junction. Link specifies the new symbolic link name. Target specifies the path (relative or absolute) that the new link refers to. When I try to use the /j switch to make a hard link ("junction") instead of a simple shortcut to NUL, I get: C:\>mklink /j "C:\Program Files\MyNewHardlinkFolder" NUL Local volumes are required to complete the operation. I can create shortcuts to NUL all day long using the /d switch, but I would much prefer the hard link. Any ideas?

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• Can I install Windows OS (Windows 7) on a removable USB hard drive?

  - by Hemant

  I wanted to take a sneak peak at Windows 7 so I thought of installing it. I have Windows Vista on my laptop which came pre-installed with it. I didnt want to mess with it. So I created a partition (20 GB) in my USB external hard disk and tried to install Windows 7 on that partition. But when I booted from Windows 7 DVD and selected the target partition on USB hard disk, it said it cannot be installed. Is there any way to install windows on external USB hard disk?

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• Can you shrink the sparse disk image of a Mac OS X guest OS in VMWare Fusion?

  - by Paul D. Waite

  I use VMWare Fusion on my Mac to run a virtual Windows 7 machine, and the Microsoft IE compatibility Windows XP virtual machines. In VMWare Tools on the Windows guest OSes, there’s a “Shrink” option that lets you reduce the size of the sparse disk image used by the guest OS, to save hard drive space on your host OX. I’ve recently created another virtual machine, this time running Snow Leopard Server. I was wondering if I could shrink the spare disk image used by this machine too, but I can’t find a VMWare Tools app on the Mac guest OS, even though VMWare Tools have been installed (as VMWare’s Shared Folders feature is working). Is there any way to shrink the sparse disk image used by Mac OS X guest OSes in VMWare Fusion?

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• Anyway I can trick Carbonite into backing up an external hard drive?

  - by Brian

  I use carbonite to back up my PC (Windows XP). We were running low on disk space on our home PC (down to 15 gig) so I went out and purchased an external hard drive. However, Carbonite will not back it up. I just want the external drive to be extra disk space. From their FAQ: The current version of Carbonite backs up only the files that reside on permanent hard drives on your computer. It will not back up network drives, external drives, and NAS (network accessed storage) drives. If there are files on a remote drive that you wish to include in your Carbonite backup, you should copy the files to a folder on your local hard drive. If the files are on a shared network drive, you could install Carbonite on the computer on which the network shared drive physically exists, and back the files up directly from that computer. Check back soon for a Carbonite service plan that will allow you to back up your external drives.

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• How to remove bad disk from LVM2 with the less data loss on other PVs?

  - by Walkman

  I had a LVM2 volume with two disks. The larger disk became corrupt, so I cant pvmove. What is the best way to remove it from the group to save the most data from the other disk? Here is my pvdisplay output: Couldn't find device with uuid WWeM0m-MLX2-o0da-tf7q-fJJu-eiGl-e7UmM3. --- Physical volume --- PV Name unknown device VG Name media PV Size 1,82 TiB / not usable 1,05 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4,00 MiB Total PE 476932 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 476932 PV UUID WWeM0m-MLX2-o0da-tf7q-fJJu-eiGl-e7UmM3 --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name media PV Size 931,51 GiB / not usable 3,19 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4,00 MiB Total PE 238466 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 238466 PV UUID oUhOcR-uYjc-rNTv-LNBm-Z9VY-TJJ5-SYezce So I want to remove the unknown device (not present in the system). Is it possible to do this without a new disk ? The filesystem is ext4.

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• When HDD becomes full, how to create a symbolic link to the data store on another disk?

  - by Brij Raj Singh

  I have a Linux Ubuntu machine which has an X GB hard disk. There is folder, say, /opt/software/data. The disk /dev/sda1 is almost full and I have attached another disk at /dev/sda2 which is mounted at /hdd2. Is it possible for me to link the folders /opt/software/data with /hdd2/software/data so, that every file get stored in the /hdd2/software/data but may be referred from the /opt/software/data? I can't do a reinstall of the software that creates this data, to change the default location of storage.

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• Crap, hard disk failure. Can I recover my "move"d folders?

  - by Doug

  I am in the process of moving all my files from an old laptop to new one. I just moved 11gb of data from my old laptop to a hard drive (external) and then upon moving it out to the new hard drive, the hard drive is getting a CRC (Data Error (Cyclic Redundancy Check). Now I am looking for a solution to recover the files that I moved on my old laptop (not the external). I understand they they are just marked for potential overwriting to free up space. I was getting ready to test out GetDataBack, but it says to install it on a healthy windows and use the recover-needed drive as an external. However, I don't want to turn off my computer without first getting the okay since it is in a "moved" state. Please help! What can I do to recover the Moved files. I haven't touched the computer since it has been moved. What can I use to recover them?

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• How can I avoid hard-coding YubiKey user identities into the PAM stack?

  - by CodeGnome

  The Yubico PAM Module seems to require changes to the PAM stack for each user that will be authenticated with a YubiKey. Specifically, it seems that each user's client identity must be added to the right PAM configuration file before the user can be authenticated. While it makes sense to add authorized keys to an authentication database such as /etc/yubikey_mappings or ~/.yubico/authorized_yubikeys, it seems like a bad practice to have to edit the PAM stack itself for each individual user. I would definitely like to avoid having to hard-code user identities into the PAM stack this way. So, is it possible to avoid hard-coding the id parameter to the pam_yubico.so module itself? If not, are there any other PAM modules that can leverage YubiKey authentication without hard-coding the stack?

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