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  • How does C free() work?

    - by slee
    #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int * alloc() { int *p = (int *)calloc(5,4); printf("%d\n",p); return p; } int main() { int *p = alloc(); free(p); printf("%d\n",p); p[0] = 1; p[1] = 2; printf("%d %d\n",p[0],p[1]); } As to the code segment, I allocate 5 ints,first. And then I free the memory. When I printf p, why does p sill have a value same to the memory address allocated first? And I also can assign value to p[0] and p[1]. Does this mean free() do nothing? Once I allocate memory, I can use later though I have freed it.

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  • SQL Server 2008 - Conditional Query

    - by Villager
    Hello, SQL is not one of my strong suits. I have a SQL Server 2008 database. This database has a stored procedure that takes in eight int parameters. For the sake of keeping this question focused, I will use one of these parameters for reference: @isActive int Each of these int parameters will be -1, 0, or 1. -1 means "Unknown" or "Don't Care". Basically, I need to query a table such that if the int parameter is NOT -1, I need to consider it in my WHERE clause. Because there are eight int parameters, an IF-ELSE statement does not seem like a good idea. At the same time, I do not know how else to do this? Is there an elegant way in SQL to add a WHERE conditional if a parameter does NOT equal a value? Thank you!

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  • MySQL query with 2 COUNT() of other tables with where conditions

    - by Isern Palaus
    Hello, I've a table called sports that contains a list of list of sports, other called seasons that contains the seasons for a specific sport and competitions that have the competitions of a specific sport and season. I need one MySQL query to print the list of sports with how much seasons and competitions has each. My tables structure: sports +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(45) | NO | | NULL | | | description | varchar(128) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ seasons +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | id_sport | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ competitions +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | id_season | int(10) unsigned | NO | MUL | NULL | | | name | varchar(32) | NO | | NULL | | | slug | varchar(64) | NO | | NULL | | | description | varchar(128) | YES | | NULL | | +--------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ The result of my query needs to contain: sports.*, total_seasons (SUM of seasons where seasons.id_sport=sports.id) and total_competitions (SUM of competitions where competitions.id_season=seasons.id AND seasons.id_sport=sports.id). Thank you in advance!

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  • Why does this code crash?

    - by user146780
    The following code causes a stack overflow but I don't see why... int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { cout << "start"; char bmp[1024][768][3]; for (int p = 0; p < 9000; ++p) { for(int i = 0; i < 1024; ++i) { for(int j = 0; j < 768; ++j) { bmp[i][j][0] = 20; } } } cout << "Stop"; return 0; } Thanks

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  • Use C function in C++ program; "multiply-defined" error

    - by eom
    I am trying to use this code for the Porter stemming algorithm in a C++ program I've already written. I followed the instructions near the end of the file for using the code as a separate module. I created a file, stem.c, that ends after the definition and has extern int stem(char * p, int i, int j) ... It worked fine in Xcode but it does not work for me on Unix with gcc 4.1.1--strange because usually I have no problem moving between the two. I get the error ld: fatal: symbol `stem(char*, int, int)' is multiply-defined: (file /var/tmp//ccrWWlnb.o type=FUNC; file /var/tmp//cc6rUXka.o type=FUNC); ld: fatal: File processing errors. No output written to cluster I've looked online and it seems like there are many things I could have wrong, but I'm not sure what combination of a header file, extern "C", etc. would work.

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  • C++ Scoping and ambiguity in constructor overloads

    - by loarabia
    I've tried the following code snippet in 3 different compilers (G++, clang++, CL.exe) and they all report to me that they cannot disambiguate the overloaded constructors. Now, I know how I could modify the call to the constructor to make it pick one or the other (either make explicit that the second argument is a unsigned literal value or explicitly cast it). However, I'm curious why the compiler would be attempting to choose between constructors in the first place given that one of the constructors is private and the call to the constructor is happening in the main function which should be outside the class's scope. Can anyone enlighten me? class Test { private: Test(unsigned int a, unsigned int *b) { } public: Test(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) { } }; int main() { Test t1 = Test(1,0); // compiler is confused }

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  • Using generic type from other generic parameter

    - by DEHAAS
    Hi, I have a question about .net generics. Consider the following code: public class Test<TKey> { TKey Key { get; set; } } public class Wrapper<TValue, TKey> where TValue : Test<TKey> { public TValue Value { get; set; } } Now, when using this code, I could do something like this: Wrapper<Test<int>, int> wrapper = new Wrapper<Test<int>, int>(); The int type parameter has to be provided twice. Is it possible to modify the Wrapper definition, to require TValue to be a generic type, and use this 'nested' generic type parameter insted of the TKey type parameter?

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  • C++ error - returning a char array

    - by Yosy
    Consider the following code: char CeaserCrypt(char str[256],int key) { char encrypted[256],encryptedChar; int currentAsci; encrypted[0] = '\0'; for(int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++) { currentAsci = (int)str[i]; encryptedChar = (char)(currentAsci+key); encrypted[i] = encryptedChar; } return encrypted; } Visual Studio 2010 gives an error because the function returns an array. What should I do? My friend told me to change the signature to void CeaserCrypt(char str[256], char encrypted[256], int key). But I don't think that is correct. How can I get rid of the compile error?

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  • Linked List Inserting in sorted format

    - by user2738718
    package practise; public class Node { public int data; public Node next; public Node (int data, Node next) { this.data = data; this.next = next; } public int size (Node list) { int count = 0; while(list != null){ list = list.next; count++; } return count; } public static Node insert(Node head, int value) { Node T; if (head == null || head.data <= value) { T = new Node(value,head); return T; } else { head.next = insert(head.next, value); return head; } } } This work fine for all data values less than the first or the head. anything greater than than doesn't get added to the list.please explain in simple terms thanks.

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  • How to create an ARGB_8888 pixel value?

    - by vidstige
    Say I want to create an array of pixel values to pass into the createBitmap method described here. I have three int values r, g, b in the range 0 - 0xff. How do I transform those into a opaque pixel p? Does the alpha channel go in the high byte or the low byte? I googled up the documentation but it only states that: Each pixel is stored on 4 bytes. Each channel (RGB and alpha for translucency) is stored with 8 bits of precision (256 possible values.) This configuration is very flexible and offers the best quality. It should be used whenever possible. So, how to write this method? int createPixel(int r, int g, int b) { retrurn ? }

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  • C undefined reference to `some_foo'

    - by sterh
    Hello, I have 3 files in my gtk+ app: main.c: #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <glib/gi18n.h> #include "mainwindow.h" int main(int argc, char** argv) { MainWin* win; GError* err = NULL; int a = 0; a = some_foo(); gtk_main(); return 0; } mainwindo.h #include <gtk/gtk.h> typedef struct _MainWin { GtkWindow parent; } MainWin; GtkWidget* main_win_new(); int some_foo(); MainWindow.c #include "mainwindow.h" int some_foo() { return 1; } When i try to call some_foo in main function, and try to compile i see error: undefined reference to `some_foo'. What's wrong? Thank you.

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  • Accessing a function of an instance which is in an arraylist

    - by fadeir
    I'm tring to access a function of an instance which is in an arraylist. Is there any way to do that without using the class name of the instance? import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; class apple{ int price; public void myFunction(int iPrice) { price=iPrice; } } class orange{ int price; public void myFunction(int iPrice) { price=iPrice; } } public class main { public static void main(String[] args) { List list= new ArrayList(); //create 3 apple object to list list.add( new apple() ); list.add( new apple() ); list.add( new orange() ); list.get(0).myFunction(1); /* Error: The method myFunction(int) is undefined for the type Object*/ } } I know that;((apple) list.get(0)).myFunction(1); is a way but I'dont want to use any class name while calling the function.

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  • Const-Qualification of Main's Parameters in C++

    - by pt2cv
    The C++ standard mandates that all conforming implementations support the following two signatures for main: int main(); int main(int, char*[]); In case of the latter signature, would the addition of (top-level) const-ness break any language rules? For example: int main(const int argc, char** const argv); From my understanding, top-level const qualification doesn't affect the function's signature hash, so it should be legal as far as the specification is concerned. Also, did anyone ever encounter an implementation which rejected this type of modification?

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  • How to read arbitrary number of values using std::copy?

    - by Miro Kropacek
    Hi, I'm trying to code opposite action to this: std::ostream outs; // properly initialized of course std::set<int> my_set; // ditto outs << my_set.size(); std::copy( my_set.begin(), my_set.end(), std::ostream_iterator<int>( outs ) ); it should be something like this: std::istream ins; std::set<int>::size_type size; ins >> size; std::copy( std::istream_iterator<int>( ins ), std::istream_iterator<int>( ins ) ???, std::inserter( my_set, my_set.end() ) ); But I'm stuck with the 'end' iterator -- input interators can't use std::advance and neither I can use two streams with the same source... Is there any elegant way how to solve this? Of course I can use for loop, but maybe there's something nicer :)

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  • Whats wrong with this C program?

    - by Prab
    It should give me the number of inputs entered by the user. But it gives 100. I compiled with gcc. #include <stdio.h> int arr[100]; int count=0; int max=100; int main(){ int i, input; printf("Enter integer values one by one, q to quit.\n"); for(i=0;i<max;i++){ scanf("%d",&input); arr[i]=input; if(input=='q')break; count++; } printf("You entered %d values.\n",count); return 0; }

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  • an error within context

    - by helloWorld
    can somebody please explain my mistake, I have this class: class Account{ private: string strLastName; string strFirstName; int nID; int nLines; double lastBill; public: Account(string firstName, string lastName, int id); friend string printAccount(string firstName, string lastName, int id, int lines, double lastBill); } but when I call it: string reportAccounts() const { string report(printAccountsHeader()); for(list<Account>::const_iterator i = listOfAccounts.begin(); i != listOfAccounts.end(); ++i){ report += printAccount(i->strFirstName, i->strLastName, i->nID, i->nLines, i->lastBill);; } return report; } I receive error within context, can somebody explain why? thanks in advance

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  • Change Wallpaper in windows mobile

    - by niks86
    Hello Friends, Hey im devloping application in that i want to set images as the wallpaper for that i written below code.when i used remote registry in registry value get updated but the wallpaper of the windows mobile does not changed.Can u plz tel me what i need to do. Here is my code. [DllImport("coredll.dll")] private static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, uint msg, int wParam, int lParam); public const int HWND_BROADCAST = 0xffff; public const int WM_WININICHANGE = 0x001A; File.Copy(@"\My Documents\My Pictures\Album Sample_05.jpg", @"\My Documents\My Pictures\Album Sample_09.jpg", true); Registry.SetValue(@"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Today", "Wall", @"\My Documents\My Pictures\Album Sample_05.jpg"); SendMessage((IntPtr)HWND_BROADCAST, WM_WININICHANGE, 0xF2, 0); plz help me. Thanks.

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  • Memory allocated with malloc does not persist outside function scope?

    - by PM
    Hi, I'm a bit new to C's malloc function, but from what I know it should store the value in the heap, so you can reference it with a pointer from outside the original scope. I created a test program that is supposed to do this but I keep getting the value 0, after running the program. What am I doing wrong? int f1(int * b) { b = malloc(sizeof(int)); *b = 5; } int main() { int * a; f1(a); printf("%d\n", a); return 0; }

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  • possible implementations of casting in c++

    - by lego69
    I have this snippet of the code in my header: class A { private: int player; public: A(int initPlayer = 0); A(const A&); A& operator=(const A&); ~A(); void foo() const; friend int operator==(const A& i, const A& member) const; }; implementation of the operator== int operator==(const A& i, const A& member) const{ if(i.player == member.player){ return 1; } return 0; } and I need casting for this part of my code: A *pa1 = new A(a2); assert(i == *pa1); i - is some int, which my function receives I receive an error non-member function, How can I fix it? thanks in advance

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  • Reading function pointer syntax

    - by bobobobo
    Everytime I look at a C function pointer, my eyes glaze over. I can't read them. From here, here are 2 examples of function pointer TYPEDEFS: typedef int (*AddFunc)(int,int); typedef void (*FunctionFunc)(); Now I'm used to something like: typedef vector<int> VectorOfInts ; Which I read as typedef vector<int> /* as */ VectorOfInts ; But I can't read the above 2 typedefs. The bracketing and the asterisk placement, it's just not logical. Why is the * beside the word AddFunc..?

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  • How to update a vector in method

    - by gurpinars
    I'm new to C++ and trying to understand vectors. My goal is to update a vector in method: #include <vector> #include <iostream> using namespace std; void test(vector<int>& array){ for(int i=0;i<10;i++){ array.push_back(i); } } int main(){ // some integer value vector<int> array(10); test(array); for(int i=0;i<array.size();++i) cout<<array.at(i)<<endl; cout<<"array size:"<<array.size()<<endl; return 0; } output: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 array size:20 I haven't figure out why 10 zeros add vector at first?

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  • What does this java output mean?!

    - by Phil
    public class Arrys { private int[] nums; //Step 3 public Arrys (int arrySize) { nums = new int[arrySize]; } public int [] getNums (){ return nums; } } Test class: public class TestArrys { public static void main(String args[]) { //Step 4 Arrys arry = new Arrys(10); System.out.println("\nStep4 "); for(int index = 0; index < arry.getNums().length; index++) { System.out.print(arry.getNums()); } } } It's incredibly simple, that is why I think I'm doing something fundamentally wrong. All I want is to display the value of the array. This is what I get back. I am totally lost, there is nothing in my book that explains this nor does googling it help. Step4 [I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440[I@1ac88440

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  • Problem with "not declared in this scope" error

    - by lego69
    I've got: error a1 was not declared in this scope Can somebody please explain why this code causes that? quiz.h #ifndef QUIZ_H_ #define QUIZ_H_ #include "quiz.cpp" class A { private: int player; public: A(int initPlayer); ~A(); void foo(); }; #endif /* QUIZ_H_ */ quiz.cpp #include "quiz.h" #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; A::A(int initPlayer = 0){ player = initPlayer; } A::~A(){ } void A::foo(){ cout << player; } main function #include "quiz.h" int main() { quiz(7); return 0; } quiz function #include "quiz.h" void quiz(int i) { A a1(i); a1.foo(); }

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