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• Can I build a VPN on top of Tor?

  - by Thilo

  If I understand correctly, the Tor client works as a combination of a proxy server and application plugins (such as the Firefox Torbutton) that enable use of the proxy and contain additional application-specific privacy features (such as suppressing cookies, sandboxing JavaScript, turning off Flash). That works very well with applications that support it (such as Firefox). But is there a way to establish a VPN over Tor, so that my whole Wifi network can be protected, including applications that do not support proxy configuration and devices like iPod touches?

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• Route an IP from WAN to a host on LAN on OpenWRT

  - by Zsub

  EDIT: I know how to use NAT, I specifically want the server to be reachable on two IP's, one private, one public, with the firewall of the OpenWRT in between, if feasible. At the office we have recieved a /29 from our ISP. The first address is reserved for their endpoint, so I'm free to use five addresses. We run a local network, so of course there is a router in between running OpenWRT to provide all hosts with (W)LAN (dhcp from a private range). However, we also have a server running OS X Server 10.6 (Snow Leopard) and I'd like that server to be accessible both from the LAN using a private IP as well as from the WAN on it's own public IP. Point of note is that the server only has one network port, so multiple NICs is not an option, unfortunately. How would I go about doing this?

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• Percentage of computers on Internet behind a NAT?

  - by Mr.M

  I'm in a process of developing a server application and I would like to know if there are some numbers (or experience from people) on how many computers are behind the NAT on the Internet? Since my application is supposed to be a small server, being forced to implement UPNP support and TCP hole-punching with an external server may sway my determination, especially if more than 80% of the Internet is behind NAT.

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• Why the VPN Network Shake-Up?

  - by Brent Arias

  I can RDP to another machine on my home network, only if I'm not also hooked up to my employer's VPN with the Cisco VPN client. Indeed, I can't even ping the other machine by name in this mode, because ICMP suddenly thinks that ( ping myMachine ) now means ( ping myMachine.myEmployer.com ). Of course there is no machine by that latter name, and so it fails. Even weirder, once I disconnect from the VPN I can again ping myMachine successfully, but ICMP reports the machine by its MAC address instead of its IP address. I don't think I've ever seen ping identify another machine by its MAC address. So two questions: How can I access via RDP/ping the other machine BY NAME on my local network while also connected to the VPN? Why is ping identifying a MAC address for the machine on my home network, instead of an IP address? And how can I change this so that an IP address is reported instead? For question #1, I can indeed access the other machine on my home network by IP address. I suspect if I put the name-IP pair into my HOSTS file, then I would be able to access it even when connected to the VPN. But I wonder if there is another (more elegant) solution?

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• Create a wifi hotspot in a place where an authentication is required

  - by SoftTimur

  I live in a residence where Internet is provided via cable. Once the computer is connected to the cable, launching a browser will trigger an authentication, I have a username and password to enter, then the internet will be connected. With a gateway (e.g. Wireless Cable Voice Gateway Model CBVG834G) and 2 cables, two PCs can connect to the Internet with my account at the same time. Now the question is, I don't like the cable, and would like to create a wifi hotspot. It seems realizable with the same gateway. According to the instruction on page 2-4 of the manual: Enter http://192.168.0.1 in the address field of your Internet browser. Log in to the gateway with either of the default user names, MSO or admin... However, while connecting to the Internet successfully via cable and the gateway (e.g. google works), opening 192.168.0.1 oddly gives me an error on the browser: Does anyone know what happened? Is it due to the authentication required by my residence? Is there any other way to build a hotspot of wifi? PS: My system is MAC OS

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• UDP multicast streaming of media content over WIFI

  - by sajad

  I am using vlc to stream media content over wireless network in scenario like this (from content streamer to stream receiver client): The bandwidth of wireless network is 54 Mb/s and UDP stream's required bandwidth is only 4 Mb/s; however there is trouble in receiving media stream and quality of playing specifically in multicast mode; means I can play the stream but it has jitter and does not play smoothly. In uni-cast I can stream up to 5 media streams correctly, but in multicast mode there is problem with streaming just one media! However when I stream from client some multicast streams; the wifi access-point can receive data correctly and I can see the video in "udp streamer" side correctly even when number of multicast streams increases to 9; But as you see I want to stream from streaming server and receive media in client size. Is this a typical problem of streaming real-time contents over wireless networks? Is it necessary to change configurations of my WIFI switch or it is just a software trouble? thank you

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• Load Balancing a UDP server

  - by Hellfrost

  Hello StackOverflow, I have a udp server, it is a central part in my business process. in order to handle the loads I'm expecting in the production environment I'll probably need 2 or 3 instances of the server. The server is almost entirely stateless, it mostly collects data, and the layer above it knows how to handle the minimal amount of stale data that can arise from the the multiple server instances. My question is, how can I implement load balancing between the servers? I would prefer to distribute the requests as evenly as possible between the servers. I would also would like to have some fidelity, I mean if client X was routed to server y, then I want all of X's subsequent requests to go to server Y, as long as it is sensible and not overloads Y. By the way it is a .NET system... what would you recommend?

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• Linksys router with multiple external IP's

  - by Adrian Mester

  In an office I've got a network connection with 5 external IPs and a Linksys router (I'm not 100% percent sure of the model). I need 4 of those 5 IPs to be routed to a server, and the fifth to be shared between the other computers at the office. This can probably be done using a switch in front of the router. Connect the server and the router to the switch, and let the router handle the rest of the network. Is there a way to configure the router to route the 4 IPs to the server, and create an internal network the the other computers at the same time?

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• infiniband network between 3 servers

  - by grumpf

  Let's say I have 3 different servers, each one with an infiniband card. Each card has 2 different ports. (I don't know about the model yet) Is it possible to create 3 different networks and to allow the 3 servers to communicate with each other without any problems? (and any spof). I guess I just have to setup the /etc/hosts correctly. I really don't know about infiniband, so please help me :) Thanks in advance. EDIT: Point is to NOT USE a switch!

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• How to route traffic through a specific SOCKS proxy on a per-app basis?

  - by GJ.

  I'm running a certain desktop app (actually via AIR if it makes any difference) which doesn't have any built-in proxy configuration settings. I need to get all traffic just from this app directed through a secure SOCKS proxy. This implies I can't use the global network preferences, as these would affect many other apps. Is there any way to force all network communication through a given SOCKS proxy on a per-app basis? It would also be helpful to know if there's a way to perform such routing globally, based on specific IP addresses (as this could allow for some reasonable workaround).

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• Dual monitor over network with Windows Host and Mac client?

  - by thegreyspot

  I'm looking for something like MaxiVista that lets you extend your monitor to a second computer monitor. However Maxivista is only Windows base. My main computer is Windows 7 and the other computer I'm trying to connect to is a Mac. Note I am not trying to share my keyboard or mouse, I want to use the Mac as a third display.

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• Assign fixed IP address via DHCP by DNS lookup

  - by Janoszen

  Preface I'm building a virtualization environment with Ubuntu 14.04 and LXC. I don't want to write my own template since the upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 has shown that backwards compatibility is not guaranteed. Therefore I'm deploying my virtual machines via lxc-create, using the default Ubuntu template. The DNS for the servers is provided by Amazon Route 53, so no local DNS server is needed. I also use Puppet to configure my servers, so I want to keep the manual effort on the deployment minimal. Now, the default Ubuntu template assigns IP addresses via DHCP. Therefore, I need a local DHCP server to assign IP addresses to the nodes, so I can SSH into them and get Puppet running. Since Puppet requires a proper DNS setup, assigning temporary IP addresses is not an option, the client needs to get the right hostname and IP address from the start. Question What DHCP server do I use and how do I get it to assign the IP address based only on the host-name DHCP option by performing a DNS lookup on that very host name? What I've tried I tried to make it work using the ISC DHCP server, however, the manual clearly states: Please be aware that only the dhcp-client-identifier option and the hardware address can be used to match a host declaration, or the host-identifier option parameter for DHCPv6 servers. For example, it is not possible to match a host declaration to a host-name option. This is because the host-name option cannot be guaranteed to be unique for any given client, whereas both the hardware address and dhcp-client-identifier option are at least theoretically guaranteed to be unique to a given client. I also tried to create a class that matches the hostname like this: class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; fixed-address my-client-name.my-domain.com; } Unfortunately the fixed-address option is not allowed in class statements. I can replace it with a 1-size pool, which works as expected: subnet 10.103.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 { option routers 10.103.1.1; class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; } pool { allow members of "my-client-name"; range 10.103.1.2 10.103.1.2; } } However, this would require me to administer the IP addresses in two places (Amazon Route53 and the DHCP server), which I would prefer not to do. About security Since this is only used in the bootstrapping phase on an internal network and is then replaced by a static network configuration by Puppet, this shouldn't be an issue from a security standpoint. I am, however, aware that the virtual machine bootstraps with "ubuntu:ubuntu" credentials, which I intend to fix once this is running.

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• Solaris 10 invalid ARP requests from 0.0.0.0? Link up/down every hour or 2

  - by JWD

  The guys at the data center where I'm hosting a server running Solaris 10 are telling me that my server is making a lot of invalid arp requests. This is an example of a portion of what was sent to me from the logs (with Mac addresses and IP addresses changed). [mymacaddress]/0.0.0.0/0000.0000.0000/[myipaddress]/[Datestamp]) It's being logged every hour. I don't see anything in the arp tables (arp -a) or routing tables (netstat -r) and I don't see anything relating to 0.0.0.0 when snoping the arp requests. The only place I see any reference to 0.0.0.0 is if I do netstat -a for the SCTP SCTP: Local Address Remote Address Swind Send-Q Rwind Recv-Q StrsI/O State ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------- ----------- 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 102400 0 32/32 CLOSED But not really sure what that means. Doesn't seem like I can disable SCTP. There are some tunable SCTP parameters but it's not something I'm familiar with. Do I have to add changes to /etc/system? Looks like sctp_heartbeat_interval might be what I need to change? If it makes any difference, I have a few solaris zones running on this server, each with their own IP address on a virtual interface. eth0:0, eth0:1, etc. Does anyone have any idea what might be causing this and how to stop it? I think the switch I'm connected to doesn't like it and momentarily drops the connection. Is there anyway to at least block those requests using ipfilter or something else? Update: This was happening more frequently but now it seems to be happening roughly every hour or every two hours. It's not consistent. I tried setting setting the link speed and duplex to match the switch port and that seemed to make it stop happening for a few hours but then it started again.

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• Unable to connect to network

  - by user33750

  Hey guys, I have a question. I have been having problems connecting a new netbook to my network at home. I have an Asus Eeepc 100HAB. I have tried to run a repair on the connection, uninstalled and re-installed the network card, made sure all of the drivers are up-to-date as well. Two caveats: I have a laptop that I recently switched to a wired connection because it wasn't connecting to the network as well, and the netbook connects to an unsecured network i found just fine, only having a problem getting into my home network. Passwords are correct, and the computer where the connection originates from is working fine as well. Any ideas?

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• Is there a simple way to detect ISP port blocking?

  - by Will M

  Is there a way to tell the difference between my ISP blocking traffic on certain ports and my NAT router/firewall blocking that traffic? The sites “Shields Up” and “Can you see me” show my ports closed or not accessible, but I assume that is primarily due to the NAT router. (Obviously, I could just remove the router, connect directly and use those sites, but is there a simple way to test without doing that?)

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• Web browsing is fast, but downloads are slow

  - by Ricket

  I work for a company on my university's campus, helping with general IT problems and some web development. But lately there has been a problem that has me and my boss completely stumped. We, plus one contractor, make up the entire IT department, so I'm reaching out to you for help. All around the office, we have wall jacks. These collect in a closet down the hall and all plug into a switch. This switch, along with our individual server jacks, plugs into another switch, and that switch plugs into our firewall hardware. Then the firewall is connected out to our campus network. Our campus internet is, well, very fast. I don't know exactly the terms, tiers, etc., but we have thousands of students and downloads can run as fast as 10 MB/s at night; uploads are sometimes even faster. I think we're practically ISP level. In short, I have a lot of faith that it is not the campus side of things that is causing a problem, combined with other evidence I'll mention in a moment. So our symptoms: web browsing is fast. Web pages, images, etc. load instantly. No problems there. But then when I go to download something, the download starts fast but very quickly (a matter of seconds) drops to nearly 0. Often it will actually drop to 0 and time out. This happens with even very small files, 1 MB or less. It smells to me like a QoS sort of thing. I'm not entirely sure, and I wanted to get your opinions first. My boss is hesitant to touch our firewall, much less let me touch it, and it was set up and is managed by a consultant remotely. These problems don't seem tied to a time of the day. I've tried downloads after 5:00 and still the same thing happens. From my desk, I can turn on my wireless adapter and pick up the campus wireless access point. If I unplug ethernet and connect to it, downloads are fast. This adds to my suspicion that it's limited to our company network. Also, a number of weeks ago the consultant upgraded our firewall firmware. Suddenly everything was very fast. I tested with downloads from Sun and speedtest.net and things were blazing fast, as they should be with our campus internet! It was wonderful, and I figured the slow speeds were an old firmware bug. In a matter of days, things steadily declined until they were back to the old symptoms. Oh, and we have antivirus installed on every computer, and we keep it up to date. Though I suppose the possibility is still there that someone could have spyware which is bogging down our internet, in which case what is the easiest/best way to find this out? (maybe this should go in a separate question) Thank you for your patience in reading all of this. Do you have any ideas as to what I can try? Is this something that you've experienced before? What sort of tools or methods can I use to try and diagnose the problem? P.S. everything here is Windows. Windows Server 2003 and 2008 on our servers, and Windows XP on employees' machines. Update: We are submitting a ticket to the university to just take a look and see if they see anything unusual and/or can suggestion methods for us to try and pinpoint our problem. Hopefully they'll be helpful! I'll update this to let you know what goes on. Update again: We found a hub (yes, a HUB) right between our campus connection and our firewall. It had only those two ethernet cables plugged into it, nothing else. After removing the hub, our speeds have jumped up to several mbps. However in talking with the campus, we got them to run a gigabit line to our firewall in place of the 100mbps line. As of friday, we are at about 65 mbps up and down (according to speedtest.net at 8am)!! Go NC State!!

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• Windows 7 Wireless Network Adapter Stopped Working

  - by Andrew B Schultz

  I have a Windows 7 Ultimate machine where the wireless adapter all of a sudden started having trouble connecting to wireless networks. Whenever I go to a new place and try to connect to a wireless network, it says that the DNS server is not responding, and tells me to go unplug the router and try again. After several locations in a row telling me this, I began to realize something was wrong with my adapter, not the routers. I am no longer asked to identify the security level for any new networks (Work, Home, or Public) like I used to be (it defaults to Public now - with the park bench icon). Often, resetting the router doesn't even work. Running the Windows 7 troubleshooter doesn't give me anything better than the advice to reset the router. However, the adapter will still connect to the wireless network at my main office without any problems. Does anyone know why a wireless network adapter can get so finicky so suddenly? Thanks!

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• How do I keep a bridge enabled on a bonded interface?

  - by jlawer

  I'm working on setting up a pair of CentOS 6.3 servers that will run a couple of KVM vms and have come across a problem setting up a bridge on a bond. I am using Mode 4 (802.3ad) bonding on a pair of stacked Dell Powerconnect 5524 switches connecting to R320 servers. There are 2 links (1 to each switch) that form a Link Aggregation Group (802.3ad / LACP bonding). On top of the bond I have VLAN Tagging. I've verified this is a problem on multiple other bonding modes so it isn't just a mode 4 issue. I am testing what happens when 1 link is dropped (ie switch dies, cable breaks, etc). If I don't have a bridge (for KVM), everything works fine, failover happens as expected. If I have the bridge enabled, it works fine until failover (unplugging a cable). When failover happens /var/log/messages shows the slave link going down, followed within a second by: kernel: br1: port 1(bond0.8) entering disabled state The thing is /proc/net/bonding/bond0 shows the link is up as expected (simply with only 1 slave instead of 2). If I plug the cable back in it recovers and brings the bridge back to an enabled state. I actually have tested this while a ping is occuring and if the timing is right a packet will actually leave the system after the link is lost, but before the disabled message occurs. This disabled state I assumed was STP, but I have disabled STP on the bridge configuration and this issue still occurs. brctl showstp br1 still shows the link as disabled when it is running without a slave. I also switched between the nics in the server (I have 2x Broadcom & 4x intel). It doesn't matter which configuration I have. Does anyone know of a way to force the bridge to stay enabled or why its detecting the bond as disabled, when it isn't?

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• hosts file for ip address

  - by Jon Clegg

  I would like to map ip address to specific localhost interfaces (e.g. 23.45.66.77 = 127.0.3.3). For named hosts I can use the hosts file. Naturally this doesn't work for IP address. This has to work in windows, the only option I've found so far is implementing a TAP/TUN driver like openvpn does. Are there any other options?

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• Cannot connect to WEBrick on home network

  - by Chris Stewart

  I'm an Android developer and often my applications require server-side code. I typically use Ruby on Rails for the web app, and during development will run the server on my local machine (Mac OS X) with WEBrick. In the morning when I get to the office, I'll run ifconfig in the console to see what IP my laptop has been given that day. I'll use that IP in my Android app when making requests to the web app in question. This all works fine, when I'm in my office. When I get home, I attempt to do the same thing, find my laptop's IP via ifconfig, set it in my app's config file, but the destination can never be found. To exclude my app from the set of hurdles, I attempt to visit the web server IP (e.g., http://192.168.1.4:3000) from my phone's browser, and it cannot connect. If I try from my laptop, which is running the web server, it works fine. If I try from another machine, on the same network, it also is unable to connect. Given this, I think I've narrowed it down to some kind of configuration in my home network, but I frankly have no idea what the cause could be. I don't have anything special at home, your basic Verizon FiOS router/modem with everything connected via Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi for both phone and laptop at work as well, fyi). I've tried disabling the firewall on my Verizon router, enabling port forwarding, and just about everything else I could do for port 3000, and nothing has changed. Dear Server Fault geniuses, please help a poor developer out. :) Edit: Some follow up items to add. My Mac's firewall is not active, and all incoming requests are allowed. I've also verified on my phone and laptop, that they're on the same network (192.168.1.4 Mac, 192.168.1.9 Phone). I have no idea why this isn't working. Edit 2: I went into System Preferences, enabled Web Sharing, and tried to view the website from my phone and it didn't connect. So it's not WEBrick or related to Rails. The firewall on my machine is off and the firewall on my router is off. Edit 3: Some progress. I set up port forwarding for port 3000 to my laptop, found the external IP, and used that and it connected fine. So, there's definitely something not quite set up correctly on my internal network.

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• TCPDump and IPTables DROP by string

  - by Tiffany Walker

  by using tcpdump -nlASX -s 0 -vvv port 80 I get something like: 14:58:55.121160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 49764, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 1480) 206.72.206.58.http > 2.187.196.7.4624: Flags [.], cksum 0x6900 (incorrect -> 0xcd18), seq 1672149449:1672150889, ack 4202197968, win 15340, length 1440 0x0000: 4500 05c8 c264 4000 4006 0f86 ce48 ce3a E....d@[email protected].: 0x0010: 02bb c407 0050 1210 63aa f9c9 fa78 73d0 .....P..c....xs. 0x0020: 5010 3bec 6900 0000 0f29 95cc fac4 2854 P.;.i....)....(T 0x0030: c0e7 3384 e89a 74fa 8d8c a069 f93f fc40 ..3...t....i.?.@ 0x0040: 1561 af61 1cf3 0d9c 3460 aa23 0b54 aac0 .a.a....4`.#.T.. 0x0050: 5090 ced1 b7bf 8857 c476 e1c0 8814 81ed P......W.v...... 0x0060: 9e85 87e8 d693 b637 bd3a 56ef c5fa 77e8 .......7.:V...w. 0x0070: 3035 743a 283e 89c7 ced8 c7c1 cff9 6ca3 05t:(>........l. 0x0080: 5f3f 0162 ebf1 419e c410 7180 7cd0 29e1 _?.b..A...q.|.). 0x0090: fec9 c708 0f01 9b2f a96b 20fe b95a 31cf ......./.k...Z1. 0x00a0: 8166 3612 bac9 4e8d 7087 4974 0063 1270 .f6...N.p.It.c.p What do I pull to use IPTables to block via string. Or is there a better way to block attacks that have something in common? Question is: Can I pick any piece from that IP packet and call it a string? iptables -A INPUT -m string --alog bm --string attack_string -j DROP In other words: In some cases I can ban with TTL=xxx and use that should an attack have the same TTL. Sure it will block some legit packets but if it means keeping the box up it works till the attack goes away but I would like to LEARN how to FIND other common things in a packet to block with IPTables

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• Please recommend tools for PC, browser, home network performance problems?

  - by mobibob

  My client is experiencing some odd response behavior in their browser for the past few days. Classic, "nothing has changed" so I am starting at ground zero. Browsing a website will timeout or take a ridiculous time to load -- other times, the same site and query is immediately responsive. Once a connection is established, video streams are uninterrupted. The home network hosts a website, but it is not experiencing any activity in Apache's 'access.log' I am using speedtest.net to check if the ISP through the internet is 'OK' -- which looks typical (average +/-). I have to suspect the home network is beaconing or something very abnormal, but I don't know where to start.

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• "DNS not responding" error with D-Link router and PPTP internet connection

  - by Born2win

  I have a D-Link DIR-615 router since around six months. My internet connection is VPN (PPTP) based, i.e. I have been given a username and password from my ISP and my IP address is dynamic. Since a few days I am experiencing a serious problem. My router connects normally (I can see the yellow light), but my computer is giving me a "DNS not responding" error. I have tried everything (reset, reboot etc.) but no success.

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• Dual-WAN router

  - by aix

  I am looking for a router that would fit the following requirements: Two WAN interfaces: the primary is PPPoE, the secondary will link to a GigE port on another router (a 100Mbps link will suffice); Two (ideally four) GigE LAN ports; No requirement for a firewall; No requirement for Wi-Fi; Inexpensive. The plan for the two WAN interfaces is as follows. All outbound traffic will go to the primary, with exceptions based on destination IP/subnet or possibly on src+dest IPs/subnets. Such exceptions should be routed to the secondary. It would be very nice if, should the primary go down, the secondary would automatically take over for all outbound traffic. I am reasonably sure that I can put something together based on dd-wrt. However, I'd like to hear from you what alternatives are out there (especially something easier to set up for my use case, even if it means paying more for the hardware.)

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• A website hosted on the 1.0.0.0/8 subnet, somewhere on the Internet?

  - by Dave Markle

  Background I'm attempting to demonstrate, using a real-world example, of why someone would not want to configure their internal network on the 1.0.0.0/8 subnet. Obviously it's because this is not designated as private address space. As of 2010, ARIN has apparently allocated 1.0.0.0/8 to APNIC (the Asia-Pacific NIC), who seems to have begun assigning addresses in that subnet, though not in 1.1.0.0/16, 1.0.0.0/16, and others (because these addresses are so polluted by bad network configurations all around the Internet). My Question My question is this: I'd like to find a website that responds on this subnet somewhere and use it as a counter-example, demonstrating to a non-technical user its inaccessibility from an internal network configured on 1.0.0.0/8. Other than writing a program to sniff all ~16 million hosts, looking for a response on port 80, does anyone know of a directory I can use, or even better yet, does anyone know of a site that's configured on this subnet? WHOIS seems to be too general of a search for me at this point...

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