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  • Convert sqlalchemy row object to python dict

    - by Anurag Uniyal
    or a simple way to iterate over columnName, value pairs? My version of sqlalchemy is 0.5.6 Here is the sample code where I tried using dict(row), but it throws exception , TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable import sqlalchemy from sqlalchemy import * from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker print "sqlalchemy version:",sqlalchemy.__version__ engine = create_engine('sqlite:///:memory:', echo=False) metadata = MetaData() users_table = Table('users', metadata, Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True), Column('name', String), ) metadata.create_all(engine) class User(declarative_base()): __tablename__ = 'users' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True) name = Column(String) def __init__(self, name): self.name = name Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine) session = Session() user1 = User("anurag") session.add(user1) session.commit() # uncommenting next line throws exception 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable' #print dict(user1) # this one also throws 'TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable' for u in session.query(User).all(): print dict(u) Running this code on my system outputs: sqlalchemy version: 0.5.6 Traceback (most recent call last): File "untitled-1.py", line 37, in <module> print dict(u) TypeError: 'User' object is not iterable

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  • compare two windows paths, one containing tilde, in python

    - by Steve Cooper
    I'm trying to use the TMP environment variable in a program. When I ask for tmp = os.path.expandvars("$TMP") I get C:\Users\STEVE~1.COO\AppData\Local\Temp Which contains the old-school, tilde form. A function I have no control over returns paths like C:\Users\steve.cooper\AppData\Local\Temp\file.txt My problem is this; I'd like to check if the file is in my temp drive, but I can't find a way to compare them. How do you tell if these two Windows directories; C:\Users\STEVE~1.COO\AppData\Local\Temp C:\Users\steve.cooper\AppData\Local\Temp are the same?

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  • Python Permutation Program Flow help

    - by dsaccount1
    Hello world, i found this code at activestate, it takes a string and prints permutations of the string. I understand that its a recursive function but i dont really understand how it works, it'd be great if someone could walk me through the program flow, thanks a bunch! <pre><code> import sys def printList(alist, blist=[]): if not len(alist): print ''.join(blist) for i in range(len(alist)): blist.append(alist.pop(i)) printList(alist, blist) alist.insert(i, blist.pop()) if name == 'main': k='love' if len(sys.argv)1: k = sys.argv[1] printList(list(k))

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  • Background color for Tk in Python

    - by olofom
    I'm writing a slideshow program with Tkinter, but I don't know how to change the background color to black instead of the standard light gray. How can this be done? import os, sys import Tkinter import Image, ImageTk import time root = Tkinter.Tk() w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight() root.overrideredirect(1) root.geometry("%dx%d+0+0" % (w, h)) root.focus_set() root.bind("<Escape>", lambda e: e.widget.quit()) image = Image.open(image_path+f) tkpi = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image) label_image = Tkinter.Label(root, image=tkpi) label_image.place(x=0,y=0,width=w,height=h) root.mainloop(0)

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  • Python sudoku programming

    - by trevor
    I need your help on this. I have this program and I must finish it. It's missing 3 parts. Here is the program I'm working with: import copy def display(A): if A: for i in range(9): for j in range(9): if type(A[i][j]) == type([]): print A[i][j][0], else: print A[i][j], print print else: print A def has_conflict(A): for i in range(9): for j in range(9): for (x,y) in get_neighbors(i,j): if len(A[i][j])==1 and A[i][j]==A[x][y]: return True return False # HERE ARE THE PARTS THAT REQUIRE HELP!!!! def get_neighbors(x,y): return [] def update(A, i, j, value): return [] def solve(A): return [] # ENDS PARTS THAT REQUIRE HELP!!!! A = [] infile = open('puzzle1.txt', 'r') for i in range(9): A += [[]] for j in range(9): num = int(infile.read(2)) if num: A[i] += [[num]] else: A[i] += [[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]] for i in range(9): for j in range(9): if len(A[i][j])==1: A = update(A, i,j, A[i][j][0]) if A==[]: break if A==[]: break if A<>[]: A = solve(A) display(A) I need to solve the stuff formerly in bold letters, now explicitly marked in the code, specifically - get_neighbors(): - update(): - solve(): Thank you for your time and help.

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  • Python beginner having trouble running code

    - by Protean
    For some reason this code will not seem to run in the interpreter. When I hit F5 nothing happens, not even the debugger seems to recognize it. I assume it has something to do with the class, as when removed the interpreter seems to recognize the rest of the code. Please tell me what I am doing wrong. Edit: I have restarted the interpreter multiple times, any other piece of code I try to load runs fine, just this one is having trouble. print ('Why won't this work?') class sorting_class: def __init__(self): self.order = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] self.globali = 0 self.orderi = 0 self.sortedlist = [] def sort(self, array): carry, leave = [] for arrayi in array: print ('run', arrayi) if self.order[self.orderi] == arrayi[self.globali]: carry.append(arrayi) else: if self.globali != 0: leave.append(arrayi) return carry, leave def srt(self, array): globalii = 0 carry, leave = my.sort(array) while len(self.sortedlist) != len(array): if len(self.carry) == 1: self.sortedlist.append(carry) arrayt = leave self.globali = 1 self.orderi = 0 carry, leave = my.sort(arrayt) elif len(self.carry) == 0: if len(self.leave) != 0: arrayt = leave self.globali = 1 self.orderi += 1 my.sort(arrayt) else: self.arrayt globalii += 1 self.orderi = globalii self.globali = 0 my.sort(arrayt) self.orderi = 0 else: arrayt = carry carry = [] self.globali += 1 carry, leave += my.sort(arrayt) my = sorting_class() x = ['ac', 'bc' ,'ab', 'da'] my.srt(x)

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  • Proper way in Python to raise errors while setting variables

    - by ensnare
    What is the proper way to do error-checking in a class? Raising exceptions? Setting an instance variable dictionary "errors" that contains all the errors and returning it? Is it bad to print errors from a class? Do I have to return False if I'm raising an exception? Just want to make sure that I'm doing things right. Below is some sample code: @property def password(self): return self._password @password.setter def password(self,password): # Check that password has been completed try: # Check that password has a length of 6 characters if (len(password) < 6): raise NameError('Your password must be greater \ than 6 characters') except NameError: print 'Please choose a password' return False except TypeError: print 'Please choose a password' return False #Set the password self._password = password #Encrypt the password password_md5 = md5.new() password_md5.update(password) self._password_md5 = password_md5.hexdigest()

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  • python webbrowser.open(url)

    - by Gert Cuykens
    httpd = make_server('', 80, server) webbrowser.open(url) httpd.serve_forever() This works cross platform except when I launch it on a putty ssh terminal. How can i trick the console in opening the w3m browser in a separate process so it can continue to launch the server? Or if it is not possible to skip webbrowser.open when running on a shell without x?

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  • Splitting a filename into words and numbers in Python

    - by danspants
    The following code splits a string into a list of words but does not include numbers: txt="there_once was,a-monkey.called phillip?09.txt" sep=re.compile(r"[\s\.,-_\?]+") sep.split(txt) ['there', 'once', 'was', 'a', 'monkey', 'called', 'phillip', 'txt'] This code gives me words and numbers but still includes "_" as a valid character: re.findall(r"\w+|\d+",txt) ['there_once', 'was', 'a', 'monkey', 'called', 'phillip', '09', 'txt'] What do I need to alter in either piece of code to end up with the desired result of: ['there', 'once', 'was', 'a', 'monkey', 'called', 'phillip', '09', 'txt']

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  • How to comment out a block of Python code in VIM

    - by Rishabh Manocha
    I was wondering if there was any key mapping in VIM to allow me to indent certain lines of code (whether those lines have been selected in visual mode, or n lines above/below current cursor position). So basically something that converts the following def my_fun(x, y): return x + y to #def my_fun(x, y): # return x + y I am ok with using either # or """ for commenting out the relevant lines. Ideally, I would also like the same keymapping to uncomment the lines if the given lines have been commented out. Thanks

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  • parallel-python error: RuntimeError("Socket connection is broken")

    - by user288558
    I am using a simple program to send a function: import pp nodes=('mosura02','mosura03','mosura04','mosura05','mosura06', 'mosura09','mosura10','mosura11','mosura12') nodes=('miner:60001',) def pptester(): js=pp.Server(ppservers=nodes) js.set_ncpus(0) tmp=[] for i in range(200): tmp.append(js.submit(ppworktest,(),(),('os',))) return tmp def ppworktest(): import os return os.system("uname -a") the result is: wkerzend@mosura:/home/wkerzend/tmp/ppython_test>ssh miner "source ~/coala_python_setup.sh;ppserver.py -d -p 60001" 2010-04-12 00:50:48,162 - pp - INFO - Creating server instance (pp-1.6.0) 2010-04-12 00:50:52,732 - pp - INFO - pp local server started with 32 workers 2010-04-12 00:50:52,732 - pp - DEBUG - Strarting network server interface=0.0.0.0 port=60001 Exception in thread client_socket: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/threading.py", line 525, in __bootstrap_inner self.run() File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/threading.py", line 477, in run self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs) File "/home/wkerzend/python_coala/bin/ppserver.py", line 161, in crun ctype = mysocket.receive() File "/home/wkerzend/python_coala/lib/python2.6/site-packages/pptransport.py", line 178, in receive raise RuntimeError("Socket connection is broken") RuntimeError: Socket connection is broken

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  • Python: slicing a very large binary file

    - by Duncan Tait
    Say I have a binary file of 12GB and I want to slice 8GB out of the middle of it. I know the position indices I want to cut between. How do I do this? Obviously 12GB won't fit into memory, that's fine, but 8GB won't either... Which I thought was fine, but it appears binary doesn't seem to like it if you do it in chunks! I was appending 10MB at a time to a new binary file and there are discontinuities on the edges of each 10MB chunk in the new file. Is there a Pythonic way of doing this easily?

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  • Lightweight Object->Database in python

    - by pehrs
    I am in need of a lightweight way to store dictionaries of data into a database. What I need is something that: Creates a database table from a simple type description (int, float, datetime etc) Takes a dictionary object and inserts it into the database (including handling datetime objects!) If possible: Can handle basic references, so the dictionary can reference other tables I would prefer something that doesn't do a lot of magic. I just need an easy way to setup and get data into an SQL database. What would you suggest? There seems to be a lot of ORM software around, but I find it hard to evaluate them.

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  • Fuzzy string matching algorithm in Python

    - by Mridang Agarwalla
    Hi guys, I'm trying to find some sort of a good, fuzzy string matching algorithm. Direct matching doesn't work for me — this isn't too good because unless my strings are a 100% similar, the match fails. The Levenshtein method doesn't work too well for strings as it works on a character level. I was looking for something along the lines of word level matching e.g. String A: The quick brown fox. String B: The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. These should match as all words in string A are in string B. Now, this is an oversimplified example but would anyone know a good, fuzzy string matching algorithm that works on a word level. Thanks in advance.

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  • Testing if a list contains another list with Python

    - by None
    How can I test if a list contains another list. Say there was a function called contains: contains([1,2], [-1, 0, 1, 2]) # Returns [2, 3] (contains returns [start, end]) contains([1,3], [-1, 0, 1, 2]) # Returns False contains([1, 2], [[1, 2], 3) # Returns False contains([[1, 2]], [[1, 2], 3]) # Returns [0, 0] Edit: contains([2, 1], [-1, 0, 1, 2]) # Returns False contains([-1, 1, 2], [-1, 0, 1, 2]) # Returns False contains([0, 1, 2], [-1, 0, 1, 2]) # Returns [1, 3]

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  • Forwarding an email with python smtplib

    - by robbles
    I'm trying to put together a script that automatically forwards certain emails that match a specific criteria to another email. I've got the downloading and parsing of messages using imaplib and email working, but I can't figure out how to forward an entire email to another address. Do I need to build a new message from scratch, or can I somehow modify the old one and re-send it? Here's what I have so far (client is an imaplib.IMAP4 connection, and id is a message ID): status, data = client.fetch(id, '(RFC822)') email_body = data[0][1] mail = email.message_from_string(email_body) # ...Process message... # This doesn't work forward = email.message.Message() forward.set_payload(mail.get_payload()) forward['From'] = '[email protected]' forward['To'] = '[email protected]' smtp.sendmail(user, ['[email protected]'], forward.as_string()) I'm sure there's something slightly more complicated I need to be doing with regard to the MIME content of the message. Surely there's some simple way of just forwarding the entire message though? # This doesn't work either, it just freezes...? mail['From'] = '[email protected]' mail['To'] = '[email protected]' smtp.sendmail(user, ['[email protected]'], mail.as_string())

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  • Django Python Macports

    - by MacPython
    I installed Django via Macports. I wasted a lot of time on making it work. It still does not work. I would like to COMPLETELY uninstall Django (Macports) and install with the easy install (DJANGO). I would like to keep Macports and not uninstall it, because I read it SHOULD be useful. How can I achieve this? Thank you for your attention.

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  • convert a binary file in a list (python)

    - by beratch
    Hi all, I'd like to be able to open a binary file, and make a list (kind of array) with all the chars in, like : "\x21\x23\x22\x21\x22\x31" to ["\x21","\x23","\x22","\x21","\x22","\x31"] What would be the best solution to convert it ? Thanks !

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  • Python interface to PayPal - urllib.urlencode non-ASCII characters failing

    - by krys
    I am trying to implement PayPal IPN functionality. The basic protocol is as such: The client is redirected from my site to PayPal's site to complete payment. He logs into his account, authorizes payment. PayPal calls a page on my server passing in details as POST. Details include a person's name, address, and payment info etc. I need to call a URL on PayPal's site internally from my processing page passing back all the params that were passed in abovem and an additional one called 'cmd' with a value of '_notify-validate'. When I try to urllib.urlencode the params which PayPal has sent to me, I get a: While calling send_response_to_paypal. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<snip>/account/paypal/views.py", line 108, in process_paypal_ipn verify_result = send_response_to_paypal(params) File "<snip>/account/paypal/views.py", line 41, in send_response_to_paypal params = urllib.urlencode(params) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/urllib.py", line 1261, in urlencode v = quote_plus(str(v)) UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\ufffd' in position 9: ordinal not in range(128) I understand that urlencode does ASCII encoding, and in certain cases, a user's contact info can contain non-ASCII characters. This is understandable. My question is, how do I encode non-ASCII characters for POSTing to a URL using urllib2.urlopen(req) (or other method) Details: I read the params in PayPal's original request as follows (the GET is for testing): def read_ipn_params(request): if request.POST: params= request.POST.copy() if "ipn_auth" in request.GET: params["ipn_auth"]=request.GET["ipn_auth"] return params else: return request.GET.copy() The code I use for sending back the request to PayPal from the processing page is: def send_response_to_paypal(params): params['cmd']='_notify-validate' params = urllib.urlencode(params) req = urllib2.Request(PAYPAL_API_WEBSITE, params) req.add_header("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") response = urllib2.urlopen(req) status = response.read() if not status == "VERIFIED": logging.warn("PayPal cannot verify IPN responses: " + status) return False return True Obviously, the problem only arises if someone's name or address or other field used for the PayPal payment does not fall into the ASCII range.

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  • Memory efficient import many data files into panda DataFrame in Python

    - by richardh
    I import into a panda DataFrame a directory of |-delimited.dat files. The following code works, but I eventually run out of RAM with a MemoryError:. import pandas as pd import glob temp = [] dataDir = 'C:/users/richard/research/data/edgar/masterfiles' for dataFile in glob.glob(dataDir + '/master_*.dat'): print dataFile temp.append(pd.read_table(dataFile, delimiter='|', header=0)) masterAll = pd.concat(temp) Is there a more memory efficient approach? Or should I go whole hog to a database? (I will move to a database eventually, but I am baby stepping my move to pandas.) Thanks! FWIW, here is the head of an example .dat file: cik|cname|ftype|date|fileloc 1000032|BINCH JAMES G|4|2011-03-08|edgar/data/1000032/0001181431-11-016512.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|10-Q|2011-02-11|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-031933.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|8-K|2011-01-11|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-005531.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|8-K|2011-01-27|edgar/data/1000045/0001193125-11-015631.txt 1000045|NICHOLAS FINANCIAL INC|SC 13G/A|2011-02-14|edgar/data/1000045/0000929638-11-00151.txt

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  • Python: x-y-plot with matplotlib

    - by kame
    I want to plot some data. The first column contains the x-data. But matplotlib doesnt plot this. Where is my mistake? #fresnel formula import numpy as np from numpy import cos from scipy import * from pylab import plot, show, ylim, yticks from matplotlib import * from pprint import pprint n1 = 1.0 n2 = 1.5 #alpha, beta, intensity data = [ [10, 22, 4.3], [20, 42, 4.2], [30, 62, 3.6], [40, 83, 1.3], [45, 102, 2.8], [50, 123, 3.0], [60, 143, 3.2], [70, 163, 3.8], ] for i in range(len(data)): rhotang1 = (n1 * cos(data[i][0]) - n2 * cos(data[i][1])) rhotang2 = (n1 * cos(data[i][0]) + n2 * cos(data[i][1])) rhotang = rhotang1 / rhotang2 data[i].append(rhotang) #append 4th value pprint(data) x = data[:][0] y1 = data[:][2] y3 = data[:][3] plot(x, y1, x, y3) show() EDIT: http://paste.pocoo.org/show/205534/ But it doesnt work.

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  • Searching a list of tuples in python

    - by Niclas Nilsson
    I'm having a database (sqlite) of members of an organisation (less then 200 people). Now I'm trying to write an wx app that will search the database and return some contact information in a wx.grid. The app will have 2 TextCtrls, one for the first name and one for the last name. What I want to do here is make it possible to only write one or a few letters in the textctrls and that will start to return result. So, if I search "John Smith" I write "Jo" in the first TextCtrl and that will return every single John (or any one else having a name starting with those letters). It will not have an "search"-button, instead it will start searching whenever I press a key. One way to solve this would be to search the database with like " SELECT * FROM contactlistview WHERE forname LIKE 'Jo%' " But that seems like a bad idea (very database heavy to do that for every keystroke?). Instead i thought of use fetchall() on a query like this " SELECT * FROM contactlistview " and then, for every keystroke, search the list of tuples that the query have returned. And that is my problem: Searching a list is not that difficult but how can I search a list of tuples with wildcards?

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  • How to read a csv file with python

    - by john
    Hello, I'm trying to read a csv file but it doesn't work. I can read my csv file but when I see what I read, there where white space between values. Here is my code # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*- import sql_db, tmpl_macros, os import security, form, common import csv class windows_dialect(csv.Dialect): """Describe the usual properties of unix-generated CSV files.""" delimiter = ',' quotechar = '"' doublequote = 1 skipinitialspace = 0 lineterminator = 'n' quoting = csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL def reco(d): cars = {210:'"', 211:'"', 213:"'", 136:'à', 143:'è', 142:'é'} for c in cars: d = d.replace(chr(c),cars[c]) return d def page_process(ctx): if ctx.req_equals('catalog_send'): if 'catalog_file' in ctx.locals.__dict__: contenu = ctx.locals.catalog_file[0].file.read() #contenu.encode('') p = csv.reader(contenu, delimiter=',') inserted = 0 modified = 0 (cr,db) = sql_db.cursor_get() for line in p: if line: logfile = open('/tmp/test.log', 'a') logfile.write(line[0]) logfile.write('\n') logfile.write('-----------------------------\n') logfile.close()

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