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• monitoring load on AWS EC2

  - by hortitude

  I'm interesting in monitoring our EC2 instances to ensure we scale up when necessary. Right now we are monitoring idle CPU time as our metric. We aren't measuring disk IO as we are not a very disk intensive application. When running on our own hardware in a datacenter I also usually monitor "load" from the top command. My question is: Does it make sense to monitor "load" on a shared env such as EC2? If so, how do you interpret the results?

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• Few questions on giga tweaker

  - by user23950

  I better consult first the people here before I do anything unnecessary using this app called giga tweaker. I don't really understand what this increase the performance of your CPU thing. It is under Customization-Memory Management-ram & disk cache of giga tweaker. What will happen if I change the level cache size of l2 cache into the highest possible value which is 8Mb. What are the negative effects of doing it? The file system caching memory, still under Customization-Memory Management-ram & disk cache. What effects will it have on my system which has 2Gb of Ram and 2.50 Ghz of Dual Core CPU. Please enlighten me.

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• How can I set deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices by using udev rules?

  - by ????

  I have set CFQ as the default I/O scheduler. I often get bad performance when I write data into a Flash device. This is resolved if I use deadline as the I/O scheduler for USB Flash devices. I can't always change the scheduler manually, right? I think writing udev rules is a good idea. Can someone please write rules for me? I want: When I plug in a USB device, detect the type of the device. If it is a portable USB hard disk, do nothing (I think if a device has more than one partitions, it always a portable hard disk. If it is a USB Flash device, set deadline as it's scheduler.

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• USB connection issue

  - by user1664417

  Currently Im facing an issue when Im trying to connect any usb flash drive to my pc. ok, below is what happens to me: 1) I can connect usb keyboard and mouse without any issue. 2) however when i connect usb flash drive, there are 2 situations that are occuring randomly a) there is no usb drive mount in my computer, when device manager is checked, it shows error code 10, but is shown in disk management. b) my computer will have usb drive mounted, but when I click on it, it is empty. on right click the properties, the disk space show 0. (there are files within the usb) what i have done is: 1) run CCleaner to repair the registry, restart and try, but still not working. 2) uninstall the drive in device manager, restart and try, but still not working. 3) tried the port that connects mouse and keyboard, but does not work. anyone who experienced these problems before please guide me. any suggestions or solutions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Tony

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• Is a computer's DRAM size not as important once we get a Solid State Drive?

  - by Jian Lin

  I am thinking of getting a Dell X11 netbook, and it can go up to 8GB of DRAM, together with a 256GB Solid State Drive. So in that case, it can handle quite a bit of Virtual PC running Linux, and Win XP, etc. But is the 8GB of RAM not so important any more? Won't 2GB or 4GB be quite good if a Solid State Drive is used? I think the most worrying thing is that the memory is not enough and the less often used data is swapped to the pagefile on hard disk and it will become really slow, but with an SSD drive, the problem is a lot less of a concern? Is there a comparison as to, if DRAM speed is n, then SSD drive speed is how many n and hard disk speed is how many n just as a ball park comparison?

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• Feedback on available mid-to-enterprise level desktop backup solutions [closed]

  - by user85610

  I am involved in the creation of a new backup solution to replace our current Retrospect setup, which has become a significant time sink to administer. We have almost 200 desktop and some laptop clients, both Windows and OS X. We're only interested in products oriented around disk-to-disk, and would be integrate well with our current set of nine NAS devices as target storage. I'd just like some feedback from anyone out there, as it's sometimes difficult otherwise to find objective reviews of software at this level. Both data and time are important enough that we need a reliable solution which won't be prone to self-destruction as often as Retrospect. Bonus points for de-duplication, which might help squeeze more service time out of our NAS setup in terms of capacity. Currently considering Commvault and Netbackup. Many other products I've seen don't have an OSX client. Any thoughts?

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• Resizing Windows 7 bootcamp partition

  - by Charlie

  I've installed Windows 7 on my Mac using bootcamp but stupidly only allocated it 25gb which isn't enough once I've installed Visual Studio and other stuff. I was able to shrink the Mac partition using whatever tool it is in Mac OS Snow Leopard but it wouldn't let me increase the windows partition so I rebooted into Windows to try it but am still having problems: I coudn't extend it using the disk management tool because the option is greyed out so I tried diskpart.exe but when I use the extend command with my partition selected it says: Virtual Disk Service error: There is not enough usable space for this operation. I've got 19.69gb of unallocated space though so am not sure why I'm having the problem. I don't want to have to wipe my Windows partition, any ideas?

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• Virtual Windows Servers and Pagefile location [closed]

  - by Luke Puplett

  Considering that Windows makes heavy use of the pagefile even with huge amounts of RAM available, is it not best to have this pagefile on the fastest disk possible as close to the virtual systems as possible? I'm thinking, RAM disk. Where I work, storage for VMs is out on a NAS/SAN. I'm worried that so much memory access is having to go across the network! As a side, I think its about time MS got rid of paging and told us to buy more DIMMS. UPDATE So this question has been downvoted??! Accessing a local spindle is C40,000 times slower than a DIMM, so going over the network will be even slower for hard faults. I don't know why I got the downvote, I'm certain that this is an issue unless there's some other mechanism in ESX/HyperV that manages this.

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• Linux Read-Ahead Downsides

  - by JPerkSter

  Hi Everyone, Hope all is well. I have a question regarding read-ahead caching. Are there any downsides to raising the size of the read-ahead cache? On our farm, we're currently running at 256, and upon raising that higher, we are seeing significant throughput gains.   [root@server~]# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 7352 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3677.62 MB/sec 3 Timing buffered disk reads: 244 MB in 3.10 seconds = 78.68 MB/sec [root@server ~]# blockdev --setra 10240 /dev/sda [root@server ~]# hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 11452 MB in 2.00 seconds = 5728.52 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 422 MB in 3.17 seconds = 133.04 MB/sec We are running on 2.6. Thanks!

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• Revert a VM client from within the VM Client - is it possible?

  - by Saariko

  I am creating a test VM client for our QA department. Once it's installed, my options will be: Use a snapshot Use non persistent disk on the hard disk. For either options, I can give the role of QA_DEP the ability to log to vCenter and go back/power-off the client - so they can return to their clean machine. My question: is it possible to have that ability without using vCenter? What If I want that on a Client reboot - it will return to it's initial/clean state? The clients are not gonna be heavy loaded.

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• Does OEM partition stores Windows 7 serial key ?

  - by Mahesha999

  Does OEM partition stores the serial key which is grabbed by the Win 7 setup done from the disk provided with laptop. I realized that when you install clean system from Windows 7 disk you get with laptop, it grabs the serial key or it doesn't ask one. So from where it gets that serial key. Is it the OEM partition or anything else? Or the recovery partition stores the key? What all the things these two partitions do store in them?

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• Robocopy to copy only new folders and files

  - by Valery Shampal

  A task: To find all new files and subfolders under some root folder (let us say Documents) and to copy them to other disk (j: in this case) Command line used: robocopy c:\users\valery\documents j:\robocopy /XO /E /MAXAGE:20131030 /XD Result: A full folders tree created. Only new files copyed, as supposed. It's good A point is, that I do not want to create all subfolders on a target disk, if there are no new files in them. Results are exeptable, but there is a lot of work to go through all folders and to find new files, as well, as to understand, what subfolders are a new ones Regards, Valery

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• Why obfuscating a serial number of a device? What is the risk?

  - by Horst Walter

  In one of my xx.stackexchange questions I've got an answer, in which the user has obfuscated his disk's SN (serial number). Recently I have seen this in several photos as well, the SN was blurred out. I' am just curious, because I have never paid attention to this. What could be the potential risk in publishing a device's SN? I do see some sense when it comes to a MAC address, OK, this could be used for tracking. But a SN of a disk, iPad, whatsoever? Maybe there is an important reason for not publishing it, which I haven't seen so far.

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• migrating storage to a different controller

  - by bellocarico

  Hello, I've just purcheased a couple of adaptec controller (2405/5405) for my ESXi 4.0 U1 servers. Currently ESXi and a couple of VMs are hosted on single sata boot disk connected to a nvidia on board non-RAID controller. I know that it's possible to migrate from single disk to RAID 1 with adaptec and I'm pleased with that, but I'm not sure if ESXi has already the right drivers installed/loaded for this controller. Is there any way I can check this? Is ESXi clever enough to recognize the new hardware and load the right module? Thanks

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• Editor that supports renaming tabs for untitled docs?

  - by OverTheRainbow

  I sometimes need to copy/paste text into two windows and compare the contents for a quick hack, ie. without having to save both documents to disk, and display the two docs side-by-side vertically so I can scroll them independantly (WinMerge doesn't seem to support independent scrolling.) Since the documents only live in RAM, text editors will display a non-descript tab/filename like "Untitled1" or "New file 1": http://img171.imageshack.us/img171/1153/sidebysideunleddocs.jpg Does someone know of a Windows editor that supports... renaming tabs with more descriptive names even with documents that haven't been saved to disk, side-by-side, vertical tiling, and independant scrolling? Thank you.

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• How to troubleshoot if a zip file is valid or if it is big file size to be unzipped ?

  - by mireille raad

  Hello , I am trying to unzip a file with the size of 2GB I am getting the following error : unzip CLTE_C_08.zip Archive: CLTE_C_08.zip End-of-central-directory signature not found. Either this file is not a zipfile, or it constitutes one disk of a multi-part archive. In the latter case the central directory and zipfile comment will be found on the last disk(s) of this archive. unzip: cannot find zipfile directory in one of CLTE_C_08.zip or CLTE_C_08.zip.zip, and cannot find CLTE_C_08.zip.ZIP, period. After some googling, some people say that this error is because the file is too big, others say because file is corrupt, others say that it could be a not unix archive. So my question , how to find out if file is valid archive file on my Centos and what is the command/trick to uncompress big files ( if any ) Thanks in advance :)

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• System reserved

  - by arun sidharth

  I have a HP laptop. I upgraded to windows 7 ultimate from home basic. Now I'm trying to upgrade to Windows 8 but when I do I get a message saying not enough system partition. So I opened the disk manager and increased the size of system reserved partition and it was of no use I still got the same error. Then I unfortunately deleted the 100MB system reserved partition by right clicking it and clicking format in the disk manager! Now I am not able to boot any CD's from the startup including OS and recovery CD. Whenever I press esc it always goes to the login screen and it doesn't say anything about the boot from CD option. Now I could not even use my recovery CD. I have 3 questions: Is it necesseary to create a system reserved partition if so how to create it? How to use my recovery cd How to install win 8

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• What does the the reconstruction process of mdadm do exactly on raid10

  - by Azrael

  I've got a system with 4 disks set up as raid10. All disks are usable, and mdadm all states them with UUUU. Due to a recent system crash, the raid is currently reconstruction the raid as it was marked as "not clean," and a reconstruction process was started. On a closer look smartctl shows problems on one disk: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 24 cd 78 d4 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 24 cd 75 1e 00 04 00 00 With a research about the reconstruction process, I only found information concerning raid5 but nothing for raid10. Can I replace this problematic disk during the reconstruction process, or will I kill the raid with this?

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• Why doesn't Ghost 2003 offer to fill the destination drive?

  - by Neil

  Because it is dangerously low on disk space, I want to upgrade an SBS 2003 server by replacing its existing 72GB drive with a 364GB drive. When I tried to use Norton Ghost 2003 to clone the disk it didn't suggest that I use the entire new drive. I'm worried that I caused the process to fail by overriding its decision - although the cloned drive boots in Safe Mode, if I try booting it normally then none of the SQL Express instances start and something causes the server to reboot before even the Ctrl+Alt+Del screen appears. Does Ghost 2003 know something that I don't? Or should I be using some other software?

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• dd cloned win2003 std ntfs partition, "no operating system found".

  - by 3molo

  I cloned an existing ntfs partition on faulty hardware using dd and gzip. The copied partition was then written to a newly created ntfs partition on a new disk (on another server) and the bootable flag was set. However, the "Operating system not found" (or is it No operating system found?) is what happens when I try to boot it.The faulty server is part of the AD domain, but I do not have the local administrator password, so I couldn't use the repair console of windows 2003 to fixmbr. I did try to do a normal repair during win2003 installation menu, but with no success. Both windows installation and Linux recognizes it as a ntfs partition of its true size, and files can be seen and read. I've done this a couple of times before, but I didn't encounter this problem. Of course I encountered other problems, like BSDO due to lack of hw drivers etc - but that was pretty easily fixed. Why am I failing to get the copied partition to even be recognized as a bootable disk on the new server?

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• VirtualBox: Grub sees hard drive, Linux does not

  - by thabubble

  I installed Linux on my second hard drive. I can boot to it just fine. But when I try to boot it from a Windows 7 host using http://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html#rawdisk, grub sees it and can load vmlinuz and initramfs. Log: :: running early hook [udev] :: running hook [udev] :: Triggering uevents... :: running hook [plymouth] :: Loading plymouth...done. ... Waiting 10 seconds for device /dev/disk/by-uuid/{root UUID} ... ERROR: device 'UUID={root UUID}' not found. Skipping fsck. ERROR: Unable to find root device 'UUID={root UUID}' It then drops me into a recovery shell. I checked "/etc/fstab" and it's empty, there are also no sd* devices in dev, the only thing in /dev/disk/by-id is a VBox CD device. I'm not too good with these kinds of things so help would be greatly appriciated.

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• USB Format Error

  - by Dan Finan

  I'm having a real headache trying to reformat a USB drive. Initially it had a 200mb EFI partition and it caused the drive to disappear altogether. Since then I ran the CMD and wiped the disk using 'diskpart'. It took a few attempts but it finally cleaned the drive. Since then it has reappeared under (:E) however I am unable to access the drive and Windows is preventing me from reformatting it. I am just presented with 'Windows was unable to complete the format'. It's now acting like a CD drive instead of removable storage. I've tried going through Disk Management and I'm presented with the same error. I've removed the USB controllers from Device Manager - when the drive is connected again it re-installs the drivers and acts the same way. Any help given will be greatly appreciated, thank you. (Windows 7 machine)

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• Booting ubuntu from usb hdd: GRUB menu not shown

  - by emanemos

  Hello, could anyone help me to boot ubuntu-9.04 from usb hard disk? This disk contains /boot primary partition. During ubuntu installation I used "Advanced" button and asked to install GRUB to the /boot partition. Later I checked whether GRUB files are really present in this partition. They are. However, I get stuck while trying to boot. The boot menu ("ubuntu generic version", "ubuntu recovery mode", etc...) is not shown. Instead I am thrown to GRUB minimal bash-like version. I feel at a loss and have no idea why I am pointed to this minimal version. Can anybody prompt me what to do?

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• TrueCrypt with blank password

  - by TheSavo

  This might sound like an odd question, but please hear me out. I want to setup my laptop to use TrueCrypt, but without a password. My wife doesn't travel much with her notebook. There are occasions where we will have to travel and bring the notebook with us. This is when we would like the have the encryption. The time it takes to to change the unlock pass-phrase is considerably less than it takes to encrypt the drive. My thoughts are to leave the disk encrypted but with no password. Then when it's time to pack for a trip and bring the laptop, we would then change the pass-phrase and create a rescue disk.

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• Samba / smbd on Centos 6.5

  - by Satalink

  I've installed Samba4 and have the smb.conf file as follows: [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP server string = Samba Server realm = REXIALO.COM netbios name = REXIALO.COM security = user map to guest = Bad Password bind interfaces only = no interfaces = lo venet0 log file = /var/log/samba/samba.log max log size = 1000 [webroot] path = /usr/local/apache/htdocs comment = Example.com webroot directory read only = No I can connect from the same server with smbclient. Localhost: # smbclient -L localhost -U root Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.11] Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- webroot Disk RexiAlo webroot directory IPC$ IPC IPC Service (RexiAlo Samba Server) Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.11] Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- -------Enter root's password: network: # smbclient -L rexialo.com -U Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.11] Sharename Type Comment --------- ---- ------- webroot Disk RexiAlo webroot directory IPC$ IPC IPC Service (RexiAlo Samba Server) Domain=[WORKGROUP] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.11] Server Comment --------- ------- Workgroup Master --------- ------- The problem is when I try to map to the smb webroot from Windows 7, it asks for user/pass but just times out and then prompts for credentials. The samba.log file does not show any activity other than the startup of the smbd process. Any help would be appreciated.

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