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• Bash Script to Compress / Transfer / Remove Log Files

  - by Jason

  I am currently using chronolog to set log file names for Apache with date. They are in the following format: /WEB/LOGS/APACHE_ACCESS_YYYY-MM-DD.log /WEB/LOGS/APACHE_ERROR_YYYY-MM-DD.log I would like to have a script that runs on the first of every month and compresses the log files from the previous month, transfers them to another host (via SCP) and then deletes the compressed file. find . -name '*.log' -mtime +1 -type f I've found several examples like the one above that allow you to select files x days old, but I need all files from the previous month. I am the first to admit my bash scripting skills are weak so would really appreciate any help and guidance.

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• Where are variables sourced from in bash/redhat?

  - by Derek

  I am getitng something weird in my environment. I have a .bash_profile that only checks for .bashrc and then sources it. I have a JAVA_HOME in that file that is correctly setting the variable and exporting it. However, if I comment out the JAVA_HOME line in .bashrc, another JAVA_HOME is still showing up in my environment, different from the one i was setting in bashrc. Where is this other JAVA_HOME coming from? Thanks As it turns out - it seems like any shell I run is pulling in a JAVA_HOME from somewhere. I dont know what could be making this pull into csh, sh, bash, etc

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• Adding git branch to bash prompt on snow leopard

  - by crayment

  I am using this: $(__git_ps1 '(%s)') It works however it does not update when I change directories or checkout a new branch. I also have this alias: alias reload='. ~/.bash_profile' Sample run: user@machine:~/dev/rails$cd git_folder/ user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(master)$ As you can see it is being set correctly but only if I reload bash_profile. I have wasted way to much time on this. I am using bash on snow leopard. Please help!

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• BASH function not escaping control characters

  - by ehime

  Hey guys I have a function that I'm using to find stuff, but unfortunately anytime I pass it a control character ($intVal or testing : etc) it chokes. I was wondering what the fix was? I can understand that using $ or % or : etc in grep without escaping causes this issue, but since I'm passing it in by reference I'm not sure how to escape it... Anyway, here's the code. function ffind() { if [ $1 ] ; then find -type f | grep -ir '$1' * | grep -v '.svn' else echo "'$1' is not a valid resource" fi } Example(s): $ ffind $intVal '' is not a valid resource $ ffind "testing :" bash: [: testing: unary operator expected 'testing :' is not a valid resource

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• bash code in rc.local not excuting after bootup

  - by mrTomahawk

  Does anyone know why a system would not execute the script code within rc.local on bootup? I have a post configuration bash script that I want to run after the initial install of VMware ESX (Red Hat), and for some reason it doesn't seem to execute. I have the setup to log its start of execution and even its progress so that I can see how far it gets in case it fails at some point, but even when I look at that log, I am finding that didn't even started the execution of the script code. I already checked to see that script has execution permissions (755), what else should I be looking at? Here is the first few lines of my code: #!/bin/sh echo >> /tmp/configLog "" echo >> /tmp/configLog "Entering maintenance mode"

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• Last parameter of last command in bash in vi-mode

  - by Mo

  I have been convinced (over at stackoverflow) to use my beloved bash in vi mode. So far I got used to it quite well and I like it. However I really do miss one feature: In emacs-mode, you can enter the last parameter of the previous command by pressing "ESC ." (That is, press escape followed by the .) Is there a default binding to insert the last parameter in vi-mode? I wasn't able to find one and I really miss this command... Thanks a lot

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• Bash Shell Hangs on ?+Tab-complete

  - by michaelmichael

  I often use tab completion in Bash when completing directories, but I find that it hangs for an unacceptable amount of time if I accidentally include a question mark in the directory. I'd like to know why and how to prevent it if possible. Here's the scenario: I start a command and use the ~ key to represent home: ls ~?Desktop/co Oops! I held down the Shift for a split-second too long. I had intended for ? to be /. But (oh no!) muscle memory has already kicked in. I've hit the Tab before I noticed the mistake. Now I'm stuck waiting for the shell to beep angrily at me. Usually a minute or two. What happened? Why did the question mark cause it to hang and eventually beep? Any way to stop it from hanging?

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• Mail::Sendmail with attachments and embed Perl in Bash script

  - by beicha

  1 I want to embed below Perl script in BASH script, and the Message should read from a message.txt file. How to realize this? use Mail::Sendmail; %mail = ( To => '[email protected]', From => '[email protected]', Message => "This is a very short message" ); sendmail(%mail) or die $Mail::Sendmail::error; print "OK. Log says:\n", $Mail::Sendmail::log; 2 How to attach log files via Perl script?

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• Bash script for mysql backup - error handling

  - by Jure1873

  I'm trying to backup a bunch of MyISAM tables in a way that would allow me to rsync/rdiff the backup directory to a remote location. I've came up with a script that dumps only the recently changed tables and sets the date of the file so that rsync can pick up only the changed ones, but now I don't know how to do the error handling - I would like the script to exit with a non 0 value if there are errors. How could I do that? #/bin/bash BKPDIR="/var/backups/db-mysql" mkdir -p $BKPDIR ERRORS=0 FIELDS="TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, UPDATE_TIME" W_COND="UPDATE_TIME >= DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL -2 DAY) AND TABLE_SCHEMA<>'information_schema'" mysql --skip-column-names -e "SELECT $FIELDS FROM information_schema.tables WHERE $W_COND;" | while read db table tstamp; do echo "DB: $db: TABLE: $table: ($tstamp)" mysqldump $db $table | gzip > $BKPDIR/$db-$table.sql.gz touch -d "$tstamp" $BKPDIR/$db-$table.sql.gz done exit $ERRORS

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• Bash Completion Problem with sudo on Ubuntu VPS

  - by gokdemir

  I have a VPS from Linode. I deployed Ubuntu 10.04 server. I added a user and put it sudoers file. when I write as a user apti <TAB> it comletes with tab to aptitude <TAB> but when I continue to aptitude upd <TAB> it didnt complete but on my desktop it works great. Even worse if I try same command with sudo sudo apti <TAB> does not work I checked .basrc and /etc/bash.basrc completion is commented out so what is wrong. By the way when I root it works

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• Sorting downloads folder with bash script

  - by Marek

  I'm writing script for my own needs to sort Downloads folder on my mac in bash. I pass to the function parameters: source directory, destination directory and array of file extensions I want to move. My problem is that when function is in "find" line then it copies just one file with that extension but when I remove all variables and I put parameters directly then it works fine. What's going on ? function moveFaster(){ clear src=$1 dst=$2 typ=$3 if [ ! -d $dst ] then mkdir $dst fi for i in "${typ[@]}" do find $src -name "${i}" -exec mv {} ${dst} \; done }

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• How to reset .bashrc file which edited before to set PATH ANDROID sdk

  - by revan

  bash: export: `/home/entw/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local /bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/bin': not a valid identifier bash: /home/entw/.bashrc: line 111: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"' bash: /home/entw/.bashrc: line 112: syntax error: unexpected end of file entw@entwine-desktop:~$ This is the error i frequently getting in terminal, shows when opend termianl. The following commands i applied in terminal, sudo gedit $HOME/.bashrc and added some path varable like android SDK, and run the following command source ~/.bashrc got the error in terminal bash: export: `/home/entw/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local /bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/bin': not a valid identifier bash: /home/entw/.bashrc: line 111: unexpected EOF while looking for matching `"' bash: /home/entw/.bashrc: line 112: syntax error: unexpected end of file entw@entwine-desktop:~$ but if i try to open agin that file shows the error file or directory not found. what do i do to set all correct ??, please any help? This forum i tried [forum]: http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=919425 "--point 2"

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• Listing time every second as a Bash script

  - by Caleb

  Hello all, first time here as I've finally started to learn programming. Anyway, I'm just trying to print the time in nanoseconds every second here, and I have this: #!/usr/bin/env bash while true; do date=(date +%N) ; echo $date ; sleep 1 ; done Now, that simply yields a string of date's, which isn't what I want. My learning has been rather messy, so I hope you'll excuse me for this if it's really simple. Also, I did manage to fine this, that worked on the prompt: while true ; do date +%N ; sleep 1 ; done But that obviously doesn't work as a script.

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• How can I set the date format to my country setting?

  - by Jamina Meissner

  I am German, but I use only English software. Hence, I am also using English Ubuntu. It's not because I don't know how to install German Ubuntu. It's because I prefer to work with English software environment. However, I would like to keep date & time format in German format, just as I use a German keyboard layout in English Ubuntu. I can set the time format to 24h time. But how can I set the date format to German time format? It is irritating for me to have the day number before the time numbers: In other words, instead of "Oct 14 15:16" I want it to display "14 Okt" or (if only English language is available) "14 Oct 15:16" or "14th Oct 15:16". At least, the number of the day should be displayed before the month. In Windows, it was no problem to choose time/date/currency settings according to a chosen country. Where can I do this in Ubuntu? The best would be if I could freely enter the date/time format myself with variables (DD.MM hh.mm.ss etc). I found answers for Ubuntu 11.04, but not for Ubuntu 12.04. I am using Ubuntu 12.04, 64-bit. Keep in mind that I am a beginner. So I'd like to be able to do this via GUI, if possible. EDIT: I found the answer in a forum. Go to System Settings... and choose Language Support. There are two tabs, Language and Reginal Formats. You are by default on the Language tab. On the Language tab, click Install / Remove Languages. A window with a list of languages opens. Mark the language(s) you want to add for your time/date/currency format. Click Apply Changes. Ubuntu will now download and install the additional language files, as well as help files of other applications in this language. So don't be irritated. When Ubuntu has finished applying the changes, switch to Regional Formats tab. (Do not change the Language for menus and windows on the Language tab if you only want to change the date/time/unit format). There you can choose from the dropdown list the language for your preferred format for date/time/currency/unit. Log out and log in again to have the changes take effect.

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• How to get most recent date from an array of dates?

  - by sugarFornaciari

  Hy guys I have an array of dates such as array(5) { [0]=> string(19) "2012-06-11 08:30:49" [1]=> string(19) "2012-06-07 08:03:54" [2]=> string(19) "2012-05-26 23:04:04" [3]=> string(19) "2012-05-27 08:30:00" [4]=> string(19) "2012-06-08 08:30:55" } I would like to know which is the most recent date, comparing to the today date. Do you have any idea to do that?

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• Parsing the output of "uptime" with bash

  - by Keek

  I would like to save the output of the uptime command into a csv file in a Bash script. Since the uptime command has different output formats based on the time since the last reboot I came up with a pretty heavy solution based on case, but there is surely a more elegant way of doing this. uptime output: 8:58AM up 15:12, 1 user, load averages: 0.01, 0.02, 0.00 desired result: 15:12,1 user,0.00 0.02 0.00, current code: case "`uptime | wc -w | awk '{print $1}'`" in #Count the number of words in the uptime output 10) #e.g.: 8:16PM up 2:30, 1 user, load averages: 0.09, 0.05, 0.02 echo -n `uptime | awk '{ print $3 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $4,$5 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $8,$9,$10 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`"," ;; 12) #e.g.: 1:41pm up 105 days, 21:46, 2 users, load average: 0.28, 0.28, 0.27 echo -n `uptime | awk '{ print $3,$4,$5 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $6,$7 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $10,$11,$12 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`"," ;; 13) #e.g.: 12:55pm up 105 days, 21 hrs, 2 users, load average: 0.26, 0.26, 0.26 echo -n `uptime | awk '{ print $3,$4,$5,$6 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $7,$8 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`","`uptime | awk '{ print $11,$12,$13 }' | awk '{gsub ( ",","" ) ; print $0 }'`"," ;; esac

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• Bash mine script, please

  - by HomelyPoet

  The script, in and of its self, is fairly self-explanatory. Use if You so desire; any and all criticism wouldst be appreciated, as wouldst any suggestions for improvement. First iteration was writ upon OS X 10.5.8 Leopard, current iteration was run upon OS X 10.6.4 Snow Leopard with Safari 5.0.2 (6533.18.5). Also, any illumination as to why the first line ' if [ -f ] ' works, but ' if [ -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage ] ' generates an error? [yes, I am a bit of a Noob] Code: #! /bin/bash # SafariClear0.0.6 if [ -f ] then cat /dev/null > ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage rm -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage fi if [ -f ~/Library/Safari/LocalStorage/*.localstorage ] then echo "Oy vey!" fi cd ~/Library/Safari/ cat /dev/null > WebpageIcons.db cat /dev/null > TopSites.plist cat /dev/null > LocationPermissions.plist cat /dev/null > LastSession.plist cat /dev/null > History.plist echo "Clear" exit

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• Server Bash Line Wrapping Over Text & In Wrong Place

  - by Pez Cuckow

  This is quite a hard problem to explain, when connecting to one of my servers using the bash shell, under any user the line wrapping is broken and has all sorts of problems. Once of which I detail in screenshots below: Other problems I experience include nano getting very confused about which line and or letter I am on, as shown by typing the same message into nano: These problems only occur when connecting as I previously mentioned to one of my servers which runs CentOs. Do you know why this is occurring and what I can do to fix it? On other servers the message works fine! Thanks for your time, Output of requested commands: Server that doesn't work properly: Working server: Could it perhaps be the custom prompt on the non working server? In .bashrc PS1='\e[1;32m\u@\h\e[m:\e[1;34m\w\e[m$ ' Commenting this out appeared to resolve the problem. Google says line wrapping errors can occur if you don't conform to these rules use the \[ escape to begin a sequence of non-printing characters, and the \] escape to signal the end of such a sequence I am not sure where this would fit in on my prompt?

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• Bash script dosn't open in terminal on reboot

  - by twigg

  Quick overview, I have created a script that reboots the laptop after x amount of time and x amount of cycles. I have added the script to the start-up applications and the script does seem to be running in the background but never opens a terminal Window. Am I missing something? Adding Code (this is saved in a file called countdown.sh) #!/bin/bash # check if passed.txt exists if it does, send to soak test if [ -f passed.txt ]; then echo reboot has passed $nol cycles sleep 5; echo Starting soak tests sleep 5; rm testlog.txt; rm passed.txt; phoronix-test-suite run quick-test exit 0; fi # check if file testlog.txt exists if not create it if [ ! -f testlog.txt ]; then echo >> testlog.txt; fi # read reboot file to see how many loops have been completed exec < testlog.txt nol=0 while read line do nol=`expr $nol + 1` done # start the countdown, x is time limit let x=10; while [ $x -gt 0 ]; do clear; figlet "Rebooting in..."; figlet $x; let x-=1; sleep 1; done; echo reboot success $nol >> testlog.txt; shutdown -r now; # set how many times the script should shutdown the laptop reboot_count=1 # if number of reboots matches nol's then stop the script # create a new text file called passed.txt if [ "$nol" == "$reboot_count" ]; then echo reboot passed $nol cycles >> passed.txt; fi

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• How do I hook into Tar with BASH?

  - by orb

  Long Story Short I am working with Tar archives that contain PNG images in base64 encoding. I would like to use BASH (or whatever else works) to hook into the extraction function of Tar to decode PNG images from base64 encoding to standard PNG encoding after the files are unpacked. A simple cat $input-file | base64 -d >$output-file will successfully decode the images. Is there a way I can hook into tar -xf so that users do not have to do any (or minimal) extra work to decode the images? In the GNU Tar documentation (http://www.gnu.org/software/tar/manual/html_chapter/Backups.html#SEC97) I found that there are in fact variables reserved to hold the names of functions I desire to be hooked into various moments in Tar program execution. However, the documentation explains that these variables, along with other variables that can be set to configure Tar, are located in a file named backup-specs. Unfortunately, the path to this file is not given. Further, running sudo find / -name backup-specs tells me that this file is not present on my Ubuntu version 13.04 system. Background Information not included in the Long Story Short I have been working on a browser-based (WebGL) particle effect creation application (http://www.particleeffect.org), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect-editor), (https://github.com/cgrabowski/webgl-particle-effect). I have began to write a client-side-only solution for saving and loading effect data as a tar archive. However, since client-side JavaScript has limited capability to process binary data, the images used as textures in the effect are saved with base64 encoding. I have been able to implement saving effect data as a Tar archive (haven't pushed that to Github yet). However, the images present in said Tar archive cannot be manipulated unless they are decoded from base64 encoding.

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• Environment variables in bash_profile or bashrc?

  - by Viriato

  I have found this question [blog]: Difference between .bashrc and .bash_profile very useful but after seeing the most voted answer (very good by the way) I have further questions. Towards the end of the most voted, correct answer I see the statement as follows : Note that you may see here and there recommendations to either put environment variable definitions in ~/.bashrc or always launch login shells in terminals. Both are bad ideas. Why is it a bad idea (I am not trying to fight, I just want to understand)? If I want to set an environment variable and add it to the PATH (for example JAVA_HOME) where it would be the best place to put the export entry? in ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc? If the answer to question number 2 is ~/.bash_profile, then I have two further questions: 3.1. What would you put under ~/.bashrc? only aliases? 3.2. In a non-login shell, I believe the ~/.bash_profile is not being "picked up". If the export of JAVA_HOME entry was in bash_profile would I be able to execute javac & java commands? Would it find them on the PATH? Is that the reason why some posts and forums suggest setting JAVA_HOME and alike to ~/.bashrc? Thanks in advance.

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• How to create shortcut command in Mac

  - by Tam

  I would like to a shortcut command in Mac as I frequently call commands that are a bit long in Terminal. How can I do that?

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• Refresh devices - reconnect CF card drive by script (unplug-plug equivalent)

  - by Chris

  Hello I plug a completely clean CF-card into my USB card-writer. Then I dd a mbr block of 512 bytes size to the device, which contains the partition table and the definition of one partition. Problem: While "fdisk -l /dev/sdx" correctly displays the partition, it happens that there is no device like "/dev/sdx1" after these operations (as it was not present before). Unplugging and plugging the card-writer solves the problem and makes the device(s) appear. Since I use this procedure in a script, manually unplugging and re-plugging is no option whatsoever. Is there a way to "refresh" the devices or to "unplug and re-plug" the drive by script such that /dev/sdx1 appears? Thanks for any help, Chris

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• How to get both PIPESTATUS and output in bash script

  - by Mustafa Serdar Sanli

  I'm trying to get last modification date of a file with this command TM_LOCAL=`ls -l --time-style=long-iso ~/.vimrc | awk '{ print $6" "$7 }'` TM_LOCAL has value like "2012-05-16 23:18" after execution of this line I'd also like to check PIPESTATUS to see if there was an error. For example if file does not exists, ls returns 2. But $? has value 0 as it has the return value of awk. If I run this command alone, I can check the return value of ls by looking at ${PIPESTATUS[0]} ls -l --time-style=long-iso ~/.vimrc | awk '{ print $6" "$7 }' But $PIPESTATUS does not work as I've expected if I assign the output to a variable as in the first example. In this case, $PIPESTATUS array has only 1 element which is same as $? So, the question is, how can I get both $PIPESTATUS and assign the output to a variable at the same time?

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• Passing two arguments to a command using pipes

  - by firebat

  Usually, we only need to pass one argument: echo abc | cat echo abc | cat some_file - echo abc | cat - some_file Is there a way to pass two arguments? Something like {echo abc , echo xyz} | cat cat `echo abc` `echo xyz` I could just store both results in a file first echo abc > file1 echo xyz > file2 cat file1 file2 But then I might accidentally overwrite a file, which is not ok. This is going into a non-interactive script. Basically, I need a way to pass the results of two arbitrary commands to cat without writing to a file. UPDATE: Sorry, the example masks the problem. While { echo abc ; echo xyz ; } | cat does seem to work, the output is due to the echos, not the cat. A better example would be { cut -f2 -d, file1; cut -f1 -d, file2; } | paste -d, which does not work as expected. With file1: a,b c,d file2: 1,2 3,4 Expected output is: b,1 d,3 RESOLVED: Use process substitution: cat <(command1) <(command2) Alternatively, make named pipes using mkfifo: mkfifo temp1 mkfifo temp2 command1 > temp1 & command2 > temp2 & cat temp1 temp2 Less elegant and more verbose, but works fine, as long as you make sure temp1 and temp2 don't exist before hand.

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