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  • Analyzing Python Code: Modulus Operator

    - by Bhubhu Hbuhdbus
    I was looking at some code in Python (I know nothing about Python) and I came across this portion: def do_req(body): global host, req data = "" s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect((host, 80)) s.sendall(req % (len(body), body)) tmpdata = s.recv(8192) while len(tmpdata) > 0: data += tmpdata tmpdata = s.recv(8192) s.close() return data This is then called later on with body of huge size, as in over 500,000 bytes. This is sent to an Apache server that has the max request size on the default 8190 bytes. My question is what is happening at the "s.sendall()" part? Obviously the entire body cannot be sent at once and I'm guessing it is reduced by way of the modulus operator. I don't know how it works in Python, though. Can anyone explain? Thanks.

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  • Function for averages of tuples in a dictionary

    - by Billy Mann
    I have a string, dictionary in the form: ('the head', {'exploded': (3.5, 1.0), 'the': (5.0, 1.0), "puppy's": (9.0, 1.0), 'head': (6.0, 1.0)}) Each parentheses is a tuple which corresponds to (score, standard deviation). I'm taking the average of just the first integer in each tuple. I've tried this: def score(string, d): for word in d: (score, std) = d[word] d[word]=float(score),float(std) if word in string: word = string.lower() number = len(string) return sum([v[0] for v in d.values()]) / float(len(d)) if len(string) == 0: return 0 When I run: print score('the head', {'exploded': (3.5, 1.0), 'the': (5.0, 1.0), "puppy's": (9.0, 1.0), 'head': (6.0, 1.0)}) I should get 5.5 but instead I'm getting 5.875. Can't figure out what in my function is not allowing me to get the correct answer.

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  • ActionController::RoutingError

    - by Steve
    Hi All, I am just learning Rails. I had encountered a routing error, though I think I have specified the correct rules in the routing.rb. I have attached the code. Please help routing.rb map.connect ':controller/:action' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format' Controller class EntriesController < ApplicationController def sign_in @name = params[:visitor_name] end end View <html> <head><title>Hello <%=h @name %></title></head> <body> <%=h @name %> <% form_tag :action => 'sign_in' do %> <p>Enter your name: <%= text_field_tag 'visitor_name', @name %></p> <%= submit_tag 'Sign in' %> <% end %> </body> </html> Thanks

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  • Ruby string encoding problem

    - by John Prideaux
    I've looked at the other ruby/encoding related posts but haven't been able to figure out why the following is not working. Likely just because I'm dense, but here's the situation. Using Ruby 1.9 on windows. I have a set of CSV files that need some data appended to the end of each line. Whenever I run my script, the appended characters are gibberish. The input text appears to be IBM437 encoding, whereas my string I'm appending starts as US-ASCII. Nothing I've tried with respect to forcing encoding on the input strings or the append string seems to change the resultant output. I'm stumped. The current encoding version is simply the last that I tried. def append_salesperson(txt, salesperson) if txt.length > 2 return txt.chomp.force_encoding('US-ASCII') + %(, "", "", "#{salesperson}") end end salespeople = Hash[ "fname", "Record Manager"] outfile = File.open("ActData.csv", "w:US-ASCII") salespeople.each do | filename, recordManager | infile = File.open("#{filename}.txt") infile.each do |line| outfile.puts append_salesperson(line, recordManager) end infile.close end outfile.close

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  • Why am I getting the error "undefined local variable or method `assigns'"?

    - by Jason
    I might be missing something basic here, but I'm stumped on this error: model code: class CachedStat < ActiveRecord::Base def self.create_stats_days_ago(days_ago, human_id) d = Date.today - days_ago.day @prs = PageRequest.find(:all, :conditions => [ "owner_type = 'Human' and owner_id = ? and created_at = ?", human_id, d] ) end end spec code: it "should create stats for the specified number of days in the past" do CachedStat.create_stats_days_ago(1, Human.first.id) assigns[:prs].should eql("foo") end The error is: undefined local variable or method `assigns' for #<Spec::Rails::Example::ModelExampleGroup::Subclass_1:0x2fbac28> I feel like I'm overlooking something obvious but it's invisible to me. Any suggestions? Thanks very much! -Jason

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  • Rails table inheritance issue

    - by Tristan O'Neil
    I've setup some models in the table inheritance fashion and everything seems to be all fine and dandy. But, when I use a collection select field to select values from one of the models it saves it but it saves the ID of the data and not the actual value of the data. So when I try to display the value on the show view it just shows the corresponding ID and not the actual value. Here is my setup. I'm using formtastic as a side note. View <%= show_field "County", @company.county %> Form <%= f.input :county, :label => 'County', :as => :select, :collection => County.find(:all) %> Base Model class Tag < ActiveRecord::Base before_create :set_type before_update :set_type attr_accessible :type, :name, :category belongs_to :company def set_type self.type = self.category end end Inherited Model class County < Tag end

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  • How can I "override" deepcopy in Python?

    - by Az
    Hi there, I'd like to override __deepcopy__ for a given SQLAlchemy-mapped class such that it ignores any SQLA attributes but deepcopies everything else that's part of the class. I'm not particularly familiar with overriding any of Python's built-in objects in particular but I've got some idea as to what I want. Let's just make a very simple class User that's mapped using SQLA. class User(object): def __init__(self, user_id, name): self.user_id = user_id self.name = name I've used dir() to see, before and after mapping, what SQLAlchemy-specific attributes there are and I've found _sa_class_manager and _sa_instance_state. Provided those are the only ones how would I ignore that when defining __deepcopy__? Also, are there any attributes the SQLA injects into the mapped object? (I asked this in a previous question (as an edit a few days after I selected an answer to the main question, though) but I think I missed the train there. Apologies for that.)

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  • How to set the value of a wx.combobox by posting an event

    - by Adam Fraser
    The code below demonstrates the problem I am running into. I am creating a wx.ComboBox and trying to mimic it's functionality for testing purposes by posting a wxEVT_COMMAND_COMBOBOX_SELECTED event... this event strangely works fine for wx.Choice, but it doesn't do anything to the ComboBox. There doesn't appear to be a different event that I can post to the combobox, but maybe I'm missing something. I'm running this code on Python 2.5 on a Mac OSX 10.5.8 import wx app = wx.PySimpleApp() def on_btn(evt): event = wx.CommandEvent(wx.wxEVT_COMMAND_COMBOBOX_SELECTED,combobox.Id) event.SetEventObject(combobox) event.SetInt(1) event.SetString('bar') combobox.Command(event) app.ProcessPendingEvents() frame = wx.Frame(None) panel = wx.Panel(frame, -1) # This doesn't work combobox = wx.ComboBox(panel, -1, choices=['foo','bar']) # This works #combobox = wx.Choice(panel, -1, choices=['foo','bar']) combobox.SetSelection(0) btn = wx.Button(panel, -1, 'asdf') btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, on_btn) sz = wx.BoxSizer() sz.Add(combobox) sz.Add(btn) panel.SetSizer(sz) frame.Show() app.MainLoop()

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  • Create function in python to find the highest of all function arguments, and return the "tag" of the value.

    - by gatechgrad
    Consider the following: p1=1; p2=5; p3=7; highest=max(p1,p2,p3). The max function would return 7. I am looking to create a similar function, which would return "p3". I have created a small function (by simple comparisons) for the above example, shown below. however I am having trouble when the number of arguments go up. def highest(p1,p2,p3) if (p1p2) and (p1p3): return "p1" if (p2p1) and (p2p3): return "p2" if (p3p1) and (p3p1): return "p3". Is there a simpler way to do this

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  • Link redirects to "show" action instead of the indicated in routes.rb

    - by Brian Roisentul
    I'm working with Ruby on rails 2.3.4 and I'd like to have a link that executes an action when clicked. The relevant part of the routes.rb file looks like this: map.search_filter_relevance "/anuncios/buscar", :controller => 'announcements', :action => 'search_filter_relevance' My view(it's the model's index page) looks like this: <%= link_to 'M&Aacute;S RELEVANTES', search_filter_relevance_path %> And my controller looks like this: def search_filter_relevance raise params.inspect unless params[:announcements].nil? or params[:announcements].empty? @announcements = params[:announcements].order_by_featured end end The problem is that when I click the link I get an error due to some null value in the Show action! I'm not accessing that action at all...why is executing it?

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  • rails rollback updates when task fails

    - by ash34
    Hi, I have the following "generate_report" method being called from a rake task, which gets a hash as an input, that contains the reported hours spent by each user on a task and outputs the data as a .csv report. desc "Task reporting" task :report, [:inp_dt] => [:environment] do |t, args| h = select_data(args.inp_dt) /* not shown here */ generate_report(h) end def generate_report(h) out_dir = File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../output' myfile = "#{out_dir}" + "/monthly_#{Date.today.strftime("%m%d%Y")}.csv" writer = CSV.open(myfile, 'w') h.each do |h,v| v.each do |key,val| writer << val end end writer.close end where h = {:BILL=>{:PROJA=>["CYR", "00876", "2", 24], :PROJB=>["EPR", "00876", "2", 16]}, :JANE=>{:PROJA=>["TRB", "049576", "2", 16]}} I would like to set/update a 'processed' flag for each reported transaction and only commit the update when the file is written correctly or rollback the updates when the task fails. How can I accomplish this. thanks, ash

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  • Python: Hack to call a method on an object that isn't of its class

    - by cool-RR
    Assume you define a class, which has a method which does some complicated processing: class A(object): def my_method(self): # Some complicated processing is done here return self And now you want to use that method on some object from another class entirely. Like, you want to do A.my_method(7). This is what you'd get: TypeError: unbound method my_method() must be called with A instance as first argument (got int instance instead). Now, is there any possibility to hack things so you could call that method on 7? I'd want to avoid moving the function or rewriting it. (Note that the method's logic does depend on self.) One note: I know that some people will want to say, "You're doing it wrong! You're abusing Python! You shouldn't do it!" So yes, I know, this is a terrible terrible thing I want to do. I'm asking if someone knows how to do it, not how to preach to me that I shouldn't do it.

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  • App Engine remote_api with OpenID

    - by hawkettc
    Hi, I've recently tried to switch my app engine app to using openID, but I'm having an issue authenticating with remote_api. The old authentication mechanism for remote_api doesn't seem to work (which makes sense) - I'm getting a 'urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 302: Found', which I assume is appengine redirecting me to the openid login page I've set up. I guess I'm missing something fairly obvious. Currently my remote_api script has the following in it - remote_api_stub.ConfigureRemoteDatastore(app_id=app_id, path='/remote_api', auth_func=auth_func, servername=host, secure=secure) where auth_func is def auth_func(): return raw_input('Username:'), getpass.getpass('Password:') Any ideas what I need to supply to remote_api? I guess similar issues would be encountered with bulkloader too. Cheers, Colin

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  • How to use string interpolation when rendering templates?

    - by Senthil
    I found this code in a Rails cookbook. class BlogController < ApplicationController def display_by_date year = params[:year] month = params[:month] day = params[:day] day ='0'+day if day && day.size == 1 @day = day if ( year && month && day ) render(:template => "blog/#{year}/#{month}/#{day}") elsif ( year ) render(:template => "blog/#{year}/list") end end end I'm not sure what to name the templates so the router can find them. Thanks for your help.

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  • Rails - Posting a Boolean (true or False) and updating the DB in the controller

    - by AnApprentice
    Hello, in my Rails 3 App, I'm posting with jQuery the following: http://0.0.0.0:3000/topics/read_updater?&topic_id=101&read=true In my controller: def read_updater current_user.topics.where(:topic_id => params[:topic_id]).update_all(:read => params[:read]) render :json => {:status => 'success' } end params[:conversation_id] works great, but params[:read] is inserting empty values in the DB, even though jQuery is posting either a true or false. Ideas? I want rails to update the DB with either true or false. Thanks

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  • disable a form in asp.net..

    - by rohit
    hi iam working on asp.net using c# project...iam facing a problem...the problem is,i had a master page in which iam using collapse pannel(ajax control)... in collapse pannel i had folders like:- xyz abc def ghi.... and in xyz folder i had some forms.... nw the problem is that i had a search menu in my main page(comes after login)...after searching a grid view is open and in that there is a column name (suppose) XYZ...so when i click on items in that column then only i want xyz folder to be enable or viewed so that i acess forms in that folder....hw cud i do that..i search alot but didn't get the solution..plz help me go through this...

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  • can rails send data to browser chunk by chunk?

    - by Nik
    Hello all, I have a very large dataset (100,000) to be display, but any browser I tried that on including chrome 5 dev, it make them choke for dozens of seconds (win7 64bit, 4gb, 256gb ssd, c2duo 2.4ghertz). I did a little experiment by some_controller.rb def show @data = (1..100000).to_a end show.html.erb <% @data.each do |d| % <%= d.to_s % <% end% as simple as that it chokes the browsers. I know browsers were never built for this, so I thought to let the data come in chunk by chunk, I guess 2000 per chunk is reasonable, but I wouldn't want to make 50 requests each time this view is called, any ideas? It doesn't have to be chunk by chunk if it can be sent all at once. Best,

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  • Saving a 'Date' using DataMapper on AppEngine+JRuby

    - by Ryan Montgomery
    I have a a model as follows: class Total include DataMapper::Resource property :id, Serial property :amount, Float, :default => 0.00 property :day, Date belongs_to :calendar end I am trying to select a specific Total from the data-store. class Calendar include DataMapper::Resource property :id, Serial property :name, String has n, :totals def get_total_for(date) return Total.first(:day => date, :calendar => self) end end When I call get_total_for(DateTime.now) I receive the following error on the call to the data-store. java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: day: org.jruby.RubyObject is not a supported property type. Is Date not allowed for usage in AppEngine? Is this a DataMapper issue? I have tried changing the name of the :day property to something else (hoping it was just a name conflict) but it doesn't seem to matter. Thanks for any help you can provide.

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  • Ruby/RoR: calling original method via super()?

    - by fearless_fool
    In a RoR app, I want to specialize ActiveRecord's update_attributes() method in one of my models, extracting some of the attributes for special handling and passing the rest of them to the original update_attributes() method. The details: class Premise < ActiveRecord::Base ... def update_attributes(attrs) attrs.each_pair do |key, val| unless has_attribute?(key) do_special_processing(key, val) attrs.delete(key) end end # use original update_attributes() to process non-special pairs super.update_attributes(attrs) end ... end The call to super.update_attributes(attr) raises an error: undefined method `update_attributes' for true:TrueClass ... which makes me suspect I really don't understand the super keyword in Ruby. What am I missing? Specifically, how do I call the original update_attributes() method?

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  • How do I render a partial to a string from within a filter attached to a controller

    - by Tristan Havelick
    I have some code I need to use in multiple controllers in a rails 1.0 application (I can't, for strange reasons upgrade to a newer rails). I've extracted the relevant code into a filer object, and I'm using the around_filter construct to execute it. Before the extract, I was using the method render_to_string() to get the contents of a rendered partial into a string. However, this method is protected, so I am unable to access it from within my Filter object. As a workaround, I tried adding this to my ApplicationController: def render_to_string(*a) super(*a) end this seems to have remedied the protection level issue, but now I get the error: Can only render or redirect once per action When no such error occurred before the extraction. Why? Is there a different approach I should take here?

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  • Catching KeyboardInterrupt when working with PyGame

    - by Sebastian P.
    I have written a small Python application where I use PyGame for displaying some simple graphics. I have a somewhat simple PyGame loop going in the base of my application, like so: stopEvent = Event() # Just imagine that this eventually sets the stopEvent # as soon as the program is finished with its task. disp = SortDisplay(algorithm, stopEvent) def update(): """ Update loop; updates the screen every few seconds. """ while True: stopEvent.wait(options.delay) disp.update() if stopEvent.isSet(): break disp.step() t = Thread(target=update) t.start() while not stopEvent.isSet(): for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: stopEvent.set() It works all fine and dandy for the normal program termination; if the PyGame window gets closed, the application closes; if the application finishes its task, the application closes. The trouble I'm having is, if I Ctrl-C in the Python console, the application throws a KeyboardInterrupt, but keeps on running. The question would therefore be: What have I done wrong in my update loop, and how do I rectify it so a KeyboardInterrupt causes the application to terminate?

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  • How to select a MenuItem programatically

    - by Shaung
    I am trying to add a global shortcut to a gtk.MenuItem which has a sub menu. Here is my code: import pygtk, gtk import keybinder dlg = gtk.Dialog('menu test') dlg.set_size_request(200, 40) menubar = gtk.MenuBar() menubar.show() menuitem = gtk.MenuItem('foo') menuitem.show() menubar.append(menuitem) mitem = gtk.MenuItem('bar') mitem.show() menu = gtk.Menu() menu.add(mitem) menu.show() menuitem.set_submenu(menu) def show_menu_cb(): menubar.select_item(menuitem) keybinder.bind('<Super>i', show_menu_cb) dlg.vbox.pack_start(menubar) dlg.show() dlg.run() When I press the key menu pops up, I can then select items in the sub menu or press Esc to make it disappear. But after that the menuitem keeps selected and other windows never get input focus again. I have to click on the menuitem twice to get everything back normal.

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  • Dealing with regular expressions, Python

    - by Gusto
    I want to remove some symbols from a string using a regular expression, for example: == (that occur both at the beginning and at the end of a line), * (at the beginning of a line ONLY). def some_func(): clean = re.sub(r'= {2,}', '', clean) #Removes 2 or more occurrences of = at the beg and at the end of a line. clean = re.sub(r'^\* {1,}', '', clean) #Removes 1 or more occurrences of * at the beginning of a line. What's wrong with my code? It seems like expressions are wrong. How do I remove a character/symbol if it's at the beginning or at the end of the line (with one or more occurrences)?

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  • Is there a way to give a subquery an alias in Oracle 11g SQL?

    - by Matt Pascoe
    Is there a way to give a subquery in Oracle 11g an alias like: select * from (select client_ref_id, request from some_table where message_type = 1) abc, (select client_ref_id, response from some_table where message_type = 2) defg where abc.client_ref_id = def.client_ref_id; Otherwise is there a way to join the two subqueries based on the client_ref_id. I realize there is a self join, but on the database I am running on a self join can take up to 5 min to complete (there is some extra logic in the actual query I am running but I have determined the self join is what is causing the issue). The individual subqueries only take a few seconds to complete by them selves. The self join query looks something like: select st.request, st1.request from some_table st, some_table st1 where st.client_ref_id = st1.client_ref_id;

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  • Django Inherited Field Access

    - by Rick
    As of the most current version, Django does not allow a subclass to have a variable with the same name as a variable in its superclass, if that variable is a Field instance. I need a subclass to modify this variable, which I call 'department'. Calling my classes super and sub, I need sub to modify the department variable it inherits from super. If I redeclare it, Django throws a field error. Of course, if I don't, department is not in scope for reassignment. If super has no department I get database errors. I get weird behaviour when I try rewriting init: def __init__(self): super(theSuperClass, self).__init__() TypeError: super(type, obj): obj must be an instance or subtype of type Anyone have any idea how to do this?

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