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  • Why can't `main` return a double or String rather than int or void?

    - by sunny
    In many languages such as C, C++, and Java, the main method/function has a return type of void or int, but not double or String. What might be the reasons behind that? I know a little bit that we can't do that because main is called by runtime library and it expects some syntax like int main() or int main(int,char**) so we have to stick to that. So my question is: why does main have the type signature that it has, and not a different one?

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  • Team Foundation Server– Debug symbols(pdb files) generated in Release build? Fix it.

    - by Gopinath
    Yesterday I setup TFS for my .NET playground website to implement continuous integration and deployments. After a successful build I noticed that debug symbols(pdb files) were generated even though TFS is configured to build in Release mode.  After a bit of analysis its turned out to be the behavior of TFS to generate debug symbols (pdb files) until we pass the attribute DebugType = None. Here are the steps to pass DebugType parameter to MSBuild of TFS Go to Team Explorer Select Build Defintion >> Edit Build Definition Switch to Process tab Navigate to Advanced Section and locate MSBuild Arguments Add the following: /p:Configuration=Release /p:DebugType=none

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  • Bluetooth broadcasting realtime - is it possible

    - by user69961
    Is it possible to broadcast data via bluetooth to one ore more connected devices? I mean that each phone will be master and slave at the same time and each phone will broadcast data that should be received by all other phones. Or is the only possibility to use a "client-server"-like topology; one phone acts as a server and listens to all clients and then sends data from each client to the rest of clients in the network? Which variant should be more effective? If broadcasting is possible then the same implementation can be used for all devices and if one device will die communication between rest of network can continue. And also will there be enough to send one message per device - not message from each device to server and then back to all devices. Am I right?

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  • What software do you use to help plan your team work, and why?

    - by Alex Feinman
    Planning is very difficult. We are not naturally good at estimating our own future, and many cognitive biases exacerbate the problem. Group planning is even harder. Incomplete information, inconsistent views of a situation, and communication problems compound the difficulty. Agile methods provide one framework for organizing group planning--making planning visible to everyone (user stories), breaking it into smaller chunks (sprints), and providing retrospective analysis so you get better at planning. But finding good tools to support these practices is proving tricky. What software tools do you use to achieve these goals? Why are you using that tool? What successes have you had with a particular tool?

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  • What is the annoying/lacking feature in C#, in your opinion?

    - by Vimvq1987
    To be honest, I'm working with C# everyday, and I can say that I love its elegant syntax. But no language is perfect, so does C#. In my opinion, these two features are missing: Full-featured enum. I was pretty happy with enum in C#, until I know about enum in Java. Of course, we can "simulate" a full-featured enum in C# by class, but it's much better if Microsoft simplify this. Immutable keyword. We are told to let a class/struct immutable whenever possible. But to do that, we have to add readonly keyword to every field, and then if we add setter by a mistake, our class will be mutable, and nobody knows. By immutable keyword, every field will be automatically readonly, and any setter will be prohibited (error when compile). It's like static keyword added to class in C# 2.0 well. what's is your annoying/lacking feature in C#?

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  • How do I daemonify my daemon?

    - by jonobacon
    As part of the Ubuntu Accomplishments system I have a daemon that runs as well as a client that connects to it. The daemon is written in Python (using Twisted) and provides a dbus service and a means of processing requests from the clients. Right now the daemon is just a program I run before I run the client and it sets up the dbus service and provides an API that can be used by the clients. I want to transform this into something that can be installed and run as a system service for the user's session (e.g. starting on boot) and providing a means to start and stop it etc. The problem is, I am not sure what I need to do to properly daemonify it so it can run as this service. I wanted to ask if others can provide some guidance. Some things I need to ask: How can I treat it as a service that is run for the current user service (not a system service right now)? How do I ensure I can start, stop, and restart this session service? When packaging this, how do I ensure that it installs it as a service for the user's session and is started on login etc? In responding, if you can point me to specific examples or solutions I need to implement, that would be helpful. :-) Thanks! Jono

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  • "Whole-team" C++ features?

    - by Blaisorblade
    In C++, features like exceptions impact your whole program: you can either disable them in your whole program, or you need to deal with them throughout your code. As a famous article on C++ Report puts it: Counter-intuitively, the hard part of coding exceptions is not the explicit throws and catches. The really hard part of using exceptions is to write all the intervening code in such a way that an arbitrary exception can propagate from its throw site to its handler, arriving safely and without damaging other parts of the program along the way. Since even new throws exceptions, every function needs to provide basic exception safety — unless it only calls functions which guarantee throwing no exception — unless you disable exceptions altogether in your whole project. Hence, exceptions are a "whole-program" or "whole-team" feature, since they must be understood by everybody in a team using them. But not all C++ features are like that, as far as I know. A possible example is that if I don't get templates but I do not use them, I will still be able to write correct C++ — or will I not?. I can even call sort on an array of integers and enjoy its amazing speed advantage wrt. C's qsort (because no function pointer is called), without risking bugs — or not? It seems templates are not "whole-team". Are there other C++ features which impact code not directly using them, and are hence "whole-team"? I am especially interested in features not present in C. Update: I'm especially looking for features where there's no language-enforced sign you need to be aware of them. The first answer I got mentioned const-correctness, which is also whole-team, hence everybody needs to learn about it; however, AFAICS it will impact you only if you call a function which is marked const, and the compiler will prevent you from calling it on non-const objects, so you get something to google for. With exceptions, you don't even get that; moreover, they're always used as soon as you use new, hence exceptions are more "insidious". Since I can't phrase this as objectively, though, I will appreciate any whole-team feature. Appendix: Why this question is objective (if you wonder) C++ is a complex language, so many projects or coding guides try to select "simple" C++ features, and many people try to include or exclude some ones according to mostly subjective criteria. Questions about that get rightfully closed regularly here on SO. Above, instead, I defined (as precisely as possible) what a "whole-team" language feature is, provide an example (exceptions), together with extensive supporting evidence in the literature about C++, and ask for whole-team features in C++ beyond exceptions. Whether you should use "whole-team" features, or whether that's a relevant concept, might be subjective — but that only means the importance of this question is subjective, like always.

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  • Older PHP v/s newer PHP version [closed]

    - by Monty
    My company is building a website with database. Programmer's used PHP 5.0. My Service Provider (shared) in the meantime upgraded to PHP 5.3.0. Fixes have been on going and seem endless... Do I move to VPS and install older PHP or should we rebuild with newer PHP? When working remotely with programers what is the protocol regarding delivery of all code? Please what is the industry standard? I need an independent to review their work. How should this be approached?

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  • webgame engine how does it works

    - by TWCrap
    Hy all, first off all, don't yell that i shouldn't start with it, i just want to know how that works... The thing is, how does the engine of an webgame works. A game like tribalwars, grepolis and forge of empires. How does that keeping alive work. I mean, a user is building an building, and quit the browser... The building is build even when the session of the user is expired. but the points of the user is updated when the building is finished... So how does that works. What do you guys think? do they have some kind of cronjob that is fired every second, and that walks throug the database, and search for finished buildings, and update's the stuff? or do you guys think that they do it difrent?!? I hope that i was clear. -NOTE- i don't need anny code, i'm just intrested in the progress behind the game... Greetingz Marc

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  • Are these non-standard applications of rendering practical in games?

    - by maul
    I've recently got into 3D and I came up with a few different "tricky" rendering techniques. Unfortunately I don't have the time to work on this myself, but I'd like to know if these are known methods and if they can be used in practice. Hybrid rendering Now I know that ray-tracing is still not fast enough for real-time rendering, at least on home computers. I also know that hybrid rendering (a combination of rasterization and ray-tracing) is a well known theory. However I had the following idea: one could separate a scene into "important" and "not important" objects. First you render the "not important" objects using traditional rasterization. In this pass you also render the "important" objects using a special shader that simply marks these parts on the image using a special color, or some stencil/depth buffer trickery. Then in the second pass you read back the results of the first pass and start ray tracing, but only from the pixels that were marked by the "important" object's shader. This would allow you to only ray-trace exactly what you need to. Could this be fast enough for real-time effects? Rendered physics I'm specifically talking about bullet physics - intersection of a very small object (point/bullet) that travels across a straight line with other, relatively slow-moving, fairly constant objects. More specifically: hit detection. My idea is that you could render the scene from the point of view of the gun (or the bullet). Every object in the scene would draw a different color. You only need to render a 1x1 pixel window - the center of the screen (again, from the gun's point of view). Then you simply check that central pixel and the color tells you what you hit. This is pixel-perfect hit detection based on the graphical representation of objects, which is not common in games. Afaik traditional OpenGL "picking" is a similar method. This could be extended in a few ways: For larger (non-bullet) objects you render a larger portion of the screen. If you put a special-colored plane in the middle of the scene (exactly where the bullet will be after the current frame) you get a method that works as the traditional slow-moving iterative physics test as well. You could simulate objects that the bullet can pass through (with decreased velocity) using alpha blending or some similar trick. So are these techniques in use anywhere, and/or are they practical at all?

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  • To reorganize code, what to choose between library and service?

    - by essbeev
    I want to reorganize a large application with lot of code duplication into multiple components. Plus, some code is also duplicated over other applications. The common set of functionality that can be taken out of main application is clearly defined. Now, do I write a library or do I write a service for this functionality; so that all such applications continue to work and there is only one code-base (of common functionality) to maintain ?

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  • How do I get a new license for gDEBugger after the 1 free year?

    - by Byte56
    I downloaded the gDEBugger from gremedy over a year ago, with their one year free license. The license has since expired and their site says that I'll be presented with the option for 1 year free license the first time I run it after install. This doesn't happen when re-installing, it just tells me the license has expired. How do I get a new license? I use this regularly for debugging shader problems and performance testing my game.

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  • When decomposing a large function, how can I avoid the complexity from the extra subfunctions?

    - by missingno
    Say I have a large function like the following: function do_lots_of_stuff(){ { //subpart 1 ... } ... { //subpart N ... } } a common pattern is to decompose it into subfunctions function do_lots_of_stuff(){ subpart_1(...) subpart_2(...) ... subpart_N(...) } I usually find that decomposition has two main advantages: The decomposed function becomes much smaller. This can help people read it without getting lost in the details. Parameters have to be explicitly passed to the underlying subfunctions, instead of being implicitly available by just being in scope. This can help readability and modularity in some situations. However, I also find that decomposition has some disadvantages: There are no guarantees that the subfunctions "belong" to do_lots_of_stuff so there is nothing stopping someone from accidentally calling them from a wrong place. A module's complexity grows quadratically with the number of functions we add to it. (There are more possible ways for things to call each other) Therefore: Are there useful convention or coding styles that help me balance the pros and cons of function decomposition or should I just use an editor with code folding and call it a day? EDIT: This problem also applies to functional code (although in a less pressing manner). For example, in a functional setting we would have the subparts be returning values that are combined in the end and the decomposition problem of having lots of subfunctions being able to use each other is still present. We can't always assume that the problem domain will be able to be modeled on just some small simple types with just a few highly orthogonal functions. There will always be complicated algorithms or long lists of business rules that we still want to correctly be able to deal with. function do_lots_of_stuff(){ p1 = subpart_1() p2 = subpart_2() pN = subpart_N() return assembleStuff(p1, p2, ..., pN) }

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  • Is it relevant to warn about truncating real constants to 32 bits?

    - by zneak
    I'm toying around with LLVM and looking at what it would take to make yet another strongly-typed language, and now that I'm around the syntax, I've noticed that it seems to be a pet peeve of strongly typed language to warn people that their constants won't fit inside a float: // both in Java and C# float foo = 3.2; // error: implicitly truncating a double into a float // or something along these lines Why doesn't this work in Java and C#? I know it's easy to add the f after the 3.2, but is it really doing anything useful? Must I really be that aware that I'm using single-precision reals instead of double-precision reals? Maybe I'm just missing something (which, basically, is why I'm asking). Note that float foo = [const] is not the same thing as float foo = [double variable], where requiring the cast seems normal to me.

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  • Google Currency Convertor JSON API

    - by Gopinath
    There are many live currency conversion services available on the web and the popular one’s among them are – Google, Yahoo, MSN & XE. Among all these four Google is the developer’s darling and it provides a simple JSON API that can be integrated in your applications.  http://www.google.com/ig/calculator?hl=en&q=1USD=?INR Using the API is very simple and it takes two parameters as input. The first parameter “hl” is the language code in which you want output. The second parameter “q” is the conversion query in the format <number><from currency code>=?<to currency code>. In the URL give above the query requests for conversion of 1 USD in INR. JSON output for the above query would be  similar to {lhs: "1 U.S. dollar",rhs: "54.4602984 Indian rupees",error: "",icc: true} Examples: 100 USD in INR  http://www.google.com/ig/calculator?hl=en&q=100USD=?INR Example 2: 1 GBP in INR http://www.google.com/ig/calculator?hl=en&q=1GBP=?INR Example 3: 1 USD in INR, output the data in French language http://www.google.com/ig/calculator?hl=fr&q=1USD=?INR   This is an undocumented service and expect changes at any time. But as long as it works, you got a programmatic way to convert currencies.

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  • Can decoupling hurt maintainability in certain situations?

    - by Ceiling Gecko
    Can the fact that the business logic is mapped to interfaces instead of implementations actually hinder the maintenance of the application in certain situations? A naive example with the Java's Hibernate framework would be, that for example (provided I don't have the whole code-base in my head, the project structure is a mess and classes are named with arbitrary names) if I wish to see what's going on in a certain DAO, to see if it actually is doing what it's supposed to do, then instead of traversing backwards up the tree from the point where the data service is invoked (where the tree will end in an interface with no implementation details whatsoever apart from the signature) I have to for example go and look for a configuration XML file to see which class is mapped to said interface as the implementation before being able to access the actual implementation details. Are there any situations where having loose coupling can actually hurt maintainability?

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  • Is Oracle a threat to Java? [closed]

    - by Deadlocked_Thread
    Java is one of the best language, but after Oracle has bought Sun it might try to go for some standardization (Like MS) and it might take Java away from programmers. Java is popular because it has no limits and i think Oracle is gonna set the limits to get some standards. Oracle is no longer supporting Eclipse (IBM) and political game is being played be both camps: 1. What is the future of Java? 2. Do you think it will be in same class as .NET family (C# etc.)? 3. Will MS get benefits from this internal fight?

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  • Why do i keep forgetting things? [closed]

    - by Mr.Anubis
    I am currently learning many things at the same time in C++ and coded many data structures and algorithms and some small applications. When I suddenly try to remember something that I coded many months ago, my mind completely goes blank. It's like I'll have to re-learn the whole thing. For example, recently I was thinking to refactor my BST data structure, when I realized that I don't even remember how I coded it or how does it works internally. Does this happen with many others? Or is it me only? How do I overcome this problem?

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  • What should I learn from Scheme?

    - by bunglestink
    I was wondering what unique features I can learn from Scheme that would help me become a better programmer? I have a lot experience in mainstream languages, and I am looking to expand my horizons and learn about functional aspects that are missing from other languages. I am familiar with closures from javascript, lambda expressions from C#, and I was wondering what I can focus on that is lacking in other languages? Aside from the Lisp syntax, I feel like what I have seen so far I've already encountered in other languages. What is unique to Scheme/Lisp that will teach me something new?

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  • How do I implement powerups for my Breakout clone?

    - by Eva
    I'm making a simple Breakout clone in Python that will have very many powerups/powerdowns (so far I came up with 26). Some will affect the paddle (paddle missile, two paddles, short paddle, etc.), some will affect the ball (slow ball, destructo-ball, invisible ball, etc.), some will affect the bricks (brick scramble, move up, bricks indestructible, etc.), and some will affect other game aspects (extra life, more points, less points, etc.). I'm pretty sure I have the code to draw the falling powerups and test for collisions with the paddle down, but I'm confused about how to code the effects of the powerups. Since there are very many powerups, it seemed inefficient to add specific methods to each component as done in this tutorial. However, I can't think of an other ways to implement the powerups. I found a page that hints at some way to design powerup behavior using classes, but I'm at a loss for how to do that. (A short example would help.) Please give me a short code example of another way to implement the effects of the powerups.

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  • Which is the best Question and Answers site ?

    - by Geek
    Hi, Which site do you think is the best site for Question/Answers for a developer incase of technical questions. Good old stackoverflow seems to be losing it's charm, if you go through it you will find loads and loads of questions with very few answers. Infact most questions dont even have enough reads on them. Has any new site come up which has gained recent popularity for technical questions ? thanks.

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  • PHP Drupal alternatives

    - by Quinma
    Based off answers to this question: Will I pick bad coding habits from PHP books? and many others it is a general consensus that PHP is not the most well suited language for web development anymore (if you are not completely knowledgeable about the language). I use Drupal and write custom modules in PHP, does this viewpoint of PHP being an ill fitted web coding language also apply to Drupal based PHP sites? I generally build community sites and intra-company sites, are there better means of building these than with PHP and drupal frameworks?

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  • Should HTTP Verbs Be Used Semantically?

    - by Xophmeister
    If I'm making a web application which integrates with a server-side backend, would it be considered best practice to use HTTP methods semantically? That is, for example, if I'm fetching data (e.g., to populate a menu, etc.), I would use GET, but to update data (e.g., save a record), I would use POST. (I realise there are other methods that may be even more appropriate, but we need to consider browser support.) I can see the benefits of this in the sense that it's effectively a RESTful API, but at a slightly increased development cost. In my previous projects, I've POST'd everything: Is it worth switching to a RESTful mindset simply for the sake of best practice?

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  • Logic or Algorithm to solve this problem [closed]

    - by jade
    I have two lists. List1 {a,b,c,d,e} and List2 {f,g,h,i,j} The relation between the two list is as follows a->g,a->h,h->c,h->d,d->i,d->j Now I have these two lists displayed. Based on the relation above on selecting element a from List1, List2 shows g,h. On selecting h from List2, in List1 c,d are shown in List1. On selecting d from List1 it shows i,j in List2. How to trace back to initial state by deselecting the elements in reverse order in which they have been selected?

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  • Dealing with a gfortran error?

    - by user293253
    I usually do some pieces of code in Fortran and C for my job, but since some days ago I get the following error: $ gfortran D.f -o D.x gfortran: error trying to exec 'f951': execvp: No such file or directory (I have Ubuntu 14.04 on a I7, 8cores and 64b) I did try searching on the forums and several option but nothing seems to work ... Could somebody help ... ? I guess the problem started when I did something to install adobereader and/or skype.

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