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• Explanation on how "Tell, Don't Ask" is considered good OO

  - by Pubby

  This blogpost was posted on Hacker News with several upvotes. Coming from C++, most of these examples seem to go against what I've been taught. Such as example #2: Bad: def check_for_overheating(system_monitor) if system_monitor.temperature > 100 system_monitor.sound_alarms end end versus good: system_monitor.check_for_overheating class SystemMonitor def check_for_overheating if temperature > 100 sound_alarms end end end The advice in C++ is that you should prefer free functions instead of member functions as they increase encapsulation. Both of these are identical semantically, so why prefer the choice that has access to more state? Example 4: Bad: def street_name(user) if user.address user.address.street_name else 'No street name on file' end end versus good: def street_name(user) user.address.street_name end class User def address @address || NullAddress.new end end class NullAddress def street_name 'No street name on file' end end Why is it the responsibility of User to format an unrelated error string? What if I want to do something besides print 'No street name on file' if it has no street? What if the street is named the same thing? Could someone enlighten me on the "Tell, Don't Ask" advantages and rationale? I am not looking for which is better, but instead trying to understand the author's viewpoint.

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• Is this possible to re-duplicate the hardware signal on Linux?

  - by Ted Wong

  Since that every things is a file on the UNIX system. If I have a hardware, for example, a mouse, move from left corner to right corner, it should produce some kinds of file to communicate with the system. So, if my assumption is correct, is this possible to do following things: Capture the raw data, which is about moving mouse cursor from left corner to right corner? Reduplicate the raw data, using a program, same producing speed, and data, in order to "redo" moving mouse cursor from left corner to right corner

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• How can I rank teams based off of head to head wins/losses

  - by TMP

  I'm trying to write an algorithm (specifically in Ruby) that will rank teams based on their record against each other. If a team A and team B have won the same amount of games against each other, then it goes down to point differentials. Here's an example: A beat B two times B beats C one time A beats D three times C bests D two times D beats C one time B beats A one time Which sort of reduces to A[B] = 2 B[C] = 1 A[D] = 3 C[D] = 2 D[C] = 1 B[A] = 1 Which sort of reduces to A[B] = 1 B[C] = 1 A[D] = 3 C[D] = 1 D[C] = -1 B[A] = -1 Which is about how far I've got I think the results of this specific algorithm would be: A, B, C, D But I'm stuck on how to transition from my nested hash-like structure to the results. My psuedo-code is as follows (I can post my ruby code too if someone wants): For each game(g): hash[g.winner][g.loser] += 1 That leaves hash as the first reduction above hash2 = clone of hash For each key(winner), value(losers hash) in hash: For each key(loser), value(losses against winner): hash2[loser][winner] -= losses Which leaves hash2 as the second reduction Feel free to as me question or edit this to be more clear, I'm not sure of how to put it in a very eloquent way. Thanks!

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• Where to put code documentation?

  - by Patrick

  I am currently using two systems to write code documentation (am using C++): Documentation about methods and class members are added next to the code, using the Doxygen format. On a server Doxygen is run on the sources so the output can be seen in a web browser Overview pages (describing a set of classes, the structure of the application, example code, ...) is added to a Wiki I personally think that this approach is easy because the documentation about members and classes is really close to the code, while the overview pages are really easy to edit in the Wiki (and it's also easy to add images, tables, ...). A web browser allows you to see both documentations. My co-worker now suggests to put everything in Doxygen, because we can then create one big help file with everything in it (using either Microsoft's HTML WorkShop or Qt Assistant). My concern is that editing Doxygen-style documentation is much harder (compared to Wiki), especially when you want to add tables, images, ... (or is there a 'preview' tool for Doxygen that doesn't require you to generate the code before you can see the result?) What do big open-source (or closed source) projects use to write their code documentation? Do they also split this up between Doxygen-style and a Wiki? Or do they use another system? What is the most appropriate way to expose the documentation? Via a Web server/browser, or via a big (several 100MB) help file? Which approach do you take when writing code documentation?

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• How common is prototyping as the first stage of development?

  - by EpsilonVector

  I've been taking some software design courses in the past few semesters, and while I see the benefit in a lot of the formalism, I feel like it doesn't tell me anything about the program itself: You can't tell how the program is going to operate from the Use Case spec, even though it discusses what the program can do. You can't tell anything about the user experience from the requirements document, even though it can include quality requirements. Sequence diagrams are a good description of how the software works as the call stack, but are very limited, and give a highly partial view of the overall system. Class diagrams are great for describing how the system is built, but are utterly useless in helping you figure out what the software needs to be. Where in all this formalism is the bottom line: how the program looks, operates, and what experience it gives? Doesn't it make more sense to design off of that? Isn't it better to figure out how the program should work via a prototype and strive to implement it for real? I know that I'm probably suffering from being taught engineering by theoreticians, but I need to ask, do they do this in the industry? How do people figure out what the program actually is, not what it should conform to? Do people prototype a lot, or do they mostly use the formal tools like UML and I just didn't get the hang of using them yet?

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• Web and Flex developer career question [closed]

  - by abhilashm86

  Possible Duplicate: should i concentrate on logical and puzzles part in programming, i want to be a web (flex)developer? I'm a computer science student and have been learning Flex and Actionscript 3.0 for 4 months. I know it's easy to program in MXML, and Actionscript 3.0 is pretty easy with bunch of classes, but when I try to code in C++ or C, I struggle, I feel I'm being inefficient and it scares me. Since I'm a student, I've no experience in developing algorithms and tough program solving? I'd like to be a web developer. Does a web developer need strong fundamentals when it comes to things such as complex algorithms and high end coding?

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• Getting rid of Massive View Controller in iOS?

  - by Earl Grey

  I had a discussion with my colleague about the following problem. We have an application where we need filtering functionality. On any main screen within the upper navigation bar, there is a button in the upper right corner. Once you touch that button, an custom written Alert View like view will pop up modally, behind it a semitransparent black overlay view. In that modal view, there is a table view of options, and you can choose one exclusively. Based on your selection, once this modal view is closed, the list of items in the main view is filtered. It is simply a modally presented filter to filter the main table view.This UI design is dictated by the design department, I cannot do anything about it so let accept this as a premise. Also the main filter button in the navbar will change colours to indicate that the filter is active. The question I have is about implementation. I suggested to my colleague that we create a separate XYZFilter class that will be an instance created by the main view controller acquire the filtering options handle saving and restoration of its state - i.e. last filter selected provide its two views - the overlay view and the modal view be the datasource for the table in its modal view. For some unknown reason, my colleague was not impressed by that approach at all. He simply wants to do these functionalities in the main view controller, maybe out of being used to do this in the past like that :-/ Is there any fundamental problem with my approach? I want to keep the view controller small, not to have spaghetti code create a reusable component (for use outside the project) have more object oriented, decoupled approach. prevent duplication of code as we need the filtering in two different places but it looks the same in both.. Any advice?

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• How do you keep from running into the same problems over and over?

  - by Stephen Furlani

  I keep running into the same problems. The problem is irrelevant, but the fact that I keep running into is completely frustrating. The problem only happens once every, 3-6 months or so as I stub out a new iteration of the project. I keep a journal every time, but I spend at least a day or two each iteration trying to get the issue resolved. How do you guys keep from making the same mistakes over and over? I've tried a journal but it apparently doesn't work for me. [Edit] A few more details about the issue: Each time I make a new project to hold the files, I import a particular library. The library is a C++ library which imports glew.h and glx.h GLX redefines BOOL and that's not kosher since BOOL is a keyword for ObjC. I had a fix the last time I went through this. I #ifndef the header in the library to exclude GLEW and GLX and everything worked hunky-dory. This time, however, I do the same thing, use the same #ifndef block but now it throws a bunch of errors. I go back to the old project, and it works. New project no-worky. It seems like it does this every time, and my solution to it is new each time for some reason. I know #defines and #includes are one of the trickiest areas of C++ (and cross-language with Objective-C), but I had this working and now it's not.

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• Backbone.js, Rails and code duplication

  - by Matteo Pagliazzi

  I'm building a web app and I need a JS framework like Backbone.js to work with my backend rovided by Rails that mostly return JSON objects after DB queries. Searching on the web I've discovered Backbone which seems to be complete, quite populare and actively developed but I've noticed that a lot of things done by Backbone are simply a duplicte of the works done by Rails: for example validation and models. My idea of "perfect" (for my actual needs) JS mvc (it can't be called mvc but i don't have any other names) is something really simple that has a function for each action in my Rails controller that are triggered by a specific event (user/hash changes, click on a button...) and send requests to the server that respond with a JSON object then I'll load a template or execute some JS code. Do you have any concern/suggestion about my idea? Do you know some "micro" js framework like what i have described? If you have worked with backone.js + rails what can you suggest me?

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• Thick models Vs. Business Logic, Where do you draw the distinction?

  - by TokenMacGuy

  Today I got into a heated debate with another developer at my organization about where and how to add methods to database mapped classes. We use sqlalchemy, and a major part of the existing code base in our database models is little more than a bag of mapped properties with a class name, a nearly mechanical translation from database tables to python objects. In the argument, my position was that that the primary value of using an ORM was that you can attach low level behaviors and algorithms to the mapped classes. Models are classes first, and secondarily persistent (they could be persistent using xml in a filesystem, you don't need to care). His view was that any behavior at all is "business logic", and necessarily belongs anywhere but in the persistent model, which are to be used for database persistence only. I certainly do think that there is a distinction between what is business logic, and should be separated, since it has some isolation from the lower level of how that gets implemented, and domain logic, which I believe is the abstraction provided by the model classes argued about in the previous paragraph, but I'm having a hard time putting my finger on what that is. I have a better sense of what might be the API (which, in our case, is HTTP "ReSTful"), in that users invoke the API with what they want to do, distinct from what they are allowed to do, and how it gets done. tl;dr: What kinds of things can or should go in a method in a mapped class when using an ORM, and what should be left out, to live in another layer of abstraction?

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• Should I implement slugs with my already fairly long URLs?

  - by Earlz

  I'm considering implementing slugs in my blog. My blog uses MongoDB. One of the side-effects of using MongoDB is that it uses relatively long hex string IDs. Example before: http://lastyearswishes.com/blog/view/5070f025d1f1a5760fdfafac after: http://lastyearswishes.com/blog/view/5070f025d1f1a5760fdfafac/improvements-on-barelymvc Of course, that's a relatively short title.. I have some longer ones, but intend to limit the maximum character limit for slugs to something reasonable. At what point does a URL become so long that it hurts SEO instead of improves it? In this case, should I leave my URLs alone, or add slugs?

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• How to handle lookup data in a C# ASP.Net MVC4 application?

  - by Jim

  I am writing an MVC4 application to track documents we have on file for our clients. I'm using code first, and have created models for my objects (Company, Document, etc...). I am now faced with the topic of document expiration. Business logic dictates certain documents will expire a set number of days past the document date. For example, Document A might expire in 180 days, Document 2 in 365 days, etc... I have a class for my documents as shown below (simplified for this example). What is the best way for me to create a lookup for expiration values? I want to specify documents of type DocumentA expire in 30 days, type DocumentB expire in 75 days, etc... I can think of a few ways to do this: Lookup table in the database I can query New property in my class (DaysValidFor) which has a custom getter that returns different values based on the DocumentType A method that takes in the document type and returns the number of days and I'm sure there are other ways I'm not even thinking of. My main concern is a) not violating any best practices and b) maintainability. Are there any pros/cons I need to be aware of for the above options, or is this a case of "just pick one and run with it"? One last thought, right now the number of days is a value that does not need to be stored anywhere on a per-document basis -- however, it is possible that business logic will change this (i.e., DocumentA's are 30 days expiration by default, but this DocumentA associated with Company XYZ will be 60 days because we like them). In that case, is a property in the Document class the best way to go, seeing as I need to add that field to the DB? namespace Models { // Types of documents to track public enum DocumentType { DocumentA, DocumentB, DocumentC // etc... } // Document model public class Document { public int DocumentID { get; set; } // Foreign key to companies public int CompanyID { get; set; } public DocumentType DocumentType { get; set; } // Helper to translate enum's value to an integer for DB storage [Column("DocumentType")] public int DocumentTypeInt { get { return (int)this.DocumentType; } set { this.DocumentType = (DocumentType)value; } } [DataType(DataType.Date)] [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:MM-dd-yyyy}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)] public DateTime DocumentDate { get; set; } // Navigation properties public virtual Company Company { get; set; } } }

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• Can a programmer get too smart for their own good?

  - by P.Brian.Mackey

  The more I learn about programming, the more things I see that could be improved by a great deal. Often, a companies process management is total SWAG or they have Frames based websites written recently, .NET 1.1 based code, no separation of concerns, poor quality control...I could go on and on and on... Projects can succeed, but there tends to be so much waste I am amazed at how much time and money a company can throw away. I've seen it happen at several companies. So is it that ignorance truly is bliss? UPDATE Question "How is it that top developers (I don't mean like Jon Skeet level, I mean guys who are dedicated enough to hit a forum and try for self-improvement) even want to code anymore after they see the often insurmountable sociological and technical problems they are told to fix, but then scolded for doing so? "

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• Is it more valuable to double major in Computer Science/Software Engineering or get an undergraduate CS degree with a Masters in SE?

  - by Austin Hyde

  A friend and I (both in college) are currently in a debate over which is better, in terms of employment opportunities, experience, and education: a Bachelors degree in both Computer Science and Software Engineering, or a Bachelors in Computer Science with a Masters in Software Engineering. My point of view is that I would rather go to school for 4-4.5 years to learn both sides of the field, and be out working on real projects gaining real experience, by going the double major route. His point of view is that it would look better to potential employers if he had a Bachelors in CS and Masters in SE. That way, when he's finally done after 4 years of CS and 2-4 of SE (depending on where he goes), he can pretty much have his choosing of what he wants to do. We are both in agreement on the distinction between the two degrees: CS is "traditional" and about the theory of algorithms, data structures, and programming, where SE is the study of the design of software and the implementation of CS theory. So, what's your stance on this debate? Have you gone one route or another? And most importantly, why?

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• Designing binary operations(AND, OR, NOT) in graphs DB's like neo4j

  - by Nicholas

  I'm trying to create a recipe website using a graph database, specifically neo4j using spring-data-neo4j, to try and see what can be done in Graph Databases. My model so far is: (Chef)-[HAS_INGREDIENT]->(Ingredient) (Chef)-[HAS_VALUE]->(Value) (Ingredient)-[HAS_INGREDIENT_VALUE]->(Value) (Recipe)-[REQUIRES_INGREDIENT]->(Ingredient) (Recipe)-[REQUIRES_VALUE]->(Value) I have this set up so I can do things like have the "chef" enter ingredients they have on hand, and suggest recipes, as well as suggest recipes that are close matches, but missing one ingredient. Some recipes can get complex, utilizing AND, OR, and NOT type logic, something like (Milk AND (Butter OR spread OR (vegetable oil OR olive oil))) and I'm wondering if it would be sane to model this in a graph using a tree type representation? An example of what I was thinking is to create three "node" types of AND, OR, and NOT and have each of them connect to the nodes value underneath. How else might this be represented in a Graph Database or is my example above a decent representation?

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• Accessing UI elements from delegate function in Windows Phone 7

  - by EpsilonVector

  I have the following scenario: a page with a bunch of UI elements (grids, textblocks, whatever), and a button that when clicked launches an asynchronous network transaction which, when finished, launches a delegate function. I want to reference the page's UI elements from that delegate. Ideally I would like to do something like currentPage.getUIElementByName("uielement").insert(data), or even uielement.insert(data), or something similar. Is there a way to do this? No matter what I try an exception is being thrown saying that I don't have permissions to access that element. Is there a more correct way to handle updating pages with data retrieved over network?

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• Implementation of instance testing in Java, C++, C#

  - by Jake

  For curiosity purposes as well as understanding what they entail in a program, I'm curious as to how instance testing (instanceof/is/using dynamic_cast in c++) works. I've tried to google it (particularly for java) but the only pages that come up are tutorials on how to use the operator. How do the implementations vary across those langauges? How do they treat classes with identical signatures? Also, it's been drilled into my head that using instance testing is a mark of bad design. Why exactly is this? When is that applicable, instanceof should still be used in methods like .equals() and such right? I was also thinking of this in the context of exception handling, again particularly in Java. When you have mutliple catch statements, how does that work? Is that instance testing or is it just resolved during compilation where each thrown exception would go to?

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• Android Development: MVC vs MVVM

  - by Mel

  I've started coding for android and I'm having difficulty trying to properly partition my code. I always end up with a very tight coupling between my UI logic and the actual controls I use to represent them. I have background in both WPF MVVM and ASP.net MVC so I'm familiar with those patterns. After some digging, I found Android Binding. It seems nice and fits nicely with my WPF background. However, it bugs me that its not built in. I'm pretty sure that the android makers have thought of this when designing the android programming interface. So my question is, what is the best practice pattern to use when developing in android, if any. I have looked and looked at their site but didn't find anything...

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• Who owns the IP rights of the software without written employment contract? Employer or employee? [closed]

  - by P T

  I am a software engineer who got an idea, and developed alone an integrated ERP software solution over the past 2 years. I got the idea and coded much of the software in my personal time, utilizing my own resources, but also as intern/employee at small wholesale retailer (company A). I had a verbal agreement with the company that I could keep the IP rights to the code and the company would have the "shop rights" to use "a copy" of the software without restrictions. Part of this agreement was that I was heavily underpaid to keep the rights. Recently things started to take a down turn in the company A as the company grew fairly large and new head management was formed, also new partners were brought in. The original owners distanced themselves from the business, and the new "greedy" group indicated that they want to claim the IP rights to my software, offering me a contract that would split the IP ownership into 50% co-ownership, completely disregarding the initial verbal agreements. As of now there was no single written job description and agreement/contract/policy that I signed with the company A, I signed only I-9 and W-4 forms. I now have an opportunity to leave the company A and form a new business with 2 partners (Company B), obviously using the software as the primary tool. There would be no direct conflict of interest as the company A sells wholesale goods. My core question is: "Who owns the code without contract? Me or the company A? (in FL, US)" Detailed questions: I am familiar with the "shop rights", I don't have any problem leaving a copy of the code in the company for them to use/enhance to run their wholesale business. What worries me, Can the company A make any legal claims to the software/code/IP and potential derived profits/interests after I leave and form a company B? Can applying for a copyright of the code at http://www.copyright.gov in my name prevent any legal disputes in the future? Can I use it as evidence for legal defense? Could adding a note specifying the company A as exclusive license holder clarify the arrangements? If I leave and the company A sues me, what evidence would they use against me? On what basis would the sue since their business is in completely different industry than software (wholesale goods). Every single source file was created/stored on my personal computer with proper documentation including a copyright notice with my credentials (name/email/addres/phone). It's also worth noting that I develop significant part of the software prior to my involvement with the company A as student. If I am forced to sign a contract and the company A doesn't honor the verbal agreement, making claims towards the ownership, what can I do settle the matter legally? I like to avoid legal process altogether as my budget for court battles is extremely limited at the moment. Would altering the code beyond recognition and using it for the company B prevent the company A make any copyright claims? My common sense tells me that what I developed is by default mine in terms of IP, unless there is a signed legal agreement stating otherwise. But looking online it may be completely backwards, this really worries me. I understand that this is not legal advice, and I know to get the ultimate answer I need to hire a lawyer. I am only hoping to get some valuable input/experience/advice/opinion from those who were in similar situation or are familiar with the topic. Thank you, PT

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• No SQLCompact Edition Support IN VS 2013

  - by James Izzard

  Firstly apologies if this is a poor question - I am an engineer not a programmer. I have spent time moving from Visual Basic to C#. I have started C#/SQL tutorials. I have noticed VS 2013 has stopped supporting the compact edition database normally used for standalone desktop apps. Somebody has kindly written a plugin to re-implement support. I have also noticed a belief circulating that SQLite is to replace the compact edition. Would anybody be able to advise if this was accurate - I am slightly confused as to which database is best suited for desktop app development inside VS 2013. Any comment greatly appreciated. Cheers James

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• Continual Professional Development - proving new skills to non-technical employers

  - by Tom

  Background I work in a non-IT based company, as a professional software developer, building a large scale internal database system. I am fortunate to have a fairly senior position within the company, and have been working here for around 4 years. Often I get asked by management "how do you learn new things?". To be honest, I don't know how to answer this. Over the last 6 months, I've really gotten my teeth into some new techniques and technologies to make my level of coding far better and hopefully improve the quality of the software. Even if it's just refreshing my skills on things I've learnt already. Like last week I dived into some complex XLinq and TPL code (.net). Nothing revolutionary, but I feel like I am a bit better than before. Question The question is, how do I prove this to my employer? It'd be nice to be able to put this on paper. Possibilities I could: Keep a journal of what I've learnt - keeping the technical bits in (nobody would understand or care, but it's better than them being omitted) ???? (I've run out of ideas already) Any ideas? Thanks, Tom

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• Controllers in CodeIgniter

  - by Dileep Dil

  I little bit new to the CodeIgniter framework and this is my first project with this framework. During a chat on StackOverflow somebody said that we need to make controllers tiny as possible. Currently I have a default controller named home with 1332 lines of codes (and increasing) and a model named Profunction with 1356 lines of codes (and increasing). The controller class have about 46 functions on it and also with model class. I thought that Codeigniter can handle large Controllers or Models well, is there any problem/performance issue/security issues regarding this?

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• What type of code is suitable for unit testing?

  - by RPK

  In Test Driven Development, what type of code is testable? I am using a Micro-ORM (PetaPoco) and I have several methods that interact with the database like: AddCustomer UpdateRecord etc. I want to know how to write a test for these methods. I searched YouTube for videos on writing a test for DAL, but I didn't find any. I want to know which method or class is testable and how to write a test before writing the code itself.

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• time it takes to develop 4*N lines of code. Nonlinear, but how nonlinear ?

  - by Andrei

  It took me time T to develop program A, 1000 lines of code (SLOC), in certain language/area/complexity. Then how much time it will take to develop program B which is expected 4000 lines, in same area/complexity/language ? I expect it to be 4*N, right ? Any formula how T grows with SLOC ? For contractor, these estimates are important. Is there formula from software enginering books, or from people's experience ? Also, what methods exist to make the code bug-free before it hits QA ?

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• When to delete a branch in Git

  - by Jo-Herman Haugholt

  I have a script project I've been managing with Git. Besides two main branches, several minor branches have been introduced over time to cover minor features, tweaks or temporary changes. Some of these branches are nearing end-of-life, and I won't be updating them any more. What's the different philosophies for handling branches like this? Should they be removed, or left in the repository unmaintained? If I do, won't I end up with a cluttered repository?

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