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• LINQ. Grouping by days. How to do this easily?

  - by punkouter

  I can't seem to find any god reference on this. I have alot of data in SQL with dates. So I wanted to make a line chart to show this data over time. If I want to show it over a perioud of days then I need to group by days.. But the LOGDATE is the full date.. not the DAY.. So I have this below.. but LINQ doesnt know what 'DayOfYear' property is.. HELP var q = from x in dc.ApplicationLogs let dt = x.LogDate group x by new { dayofyear = dt.Value.DayOfYear } into g select new { iCount = g.Count(), strDate = g.Key };

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• How to retain a row which is foreign key in another table and remove other duplicate rows?

  - by Mithril

  I have two table: A: id code 1 A1 2 A1 3 B1 4 B1 5 C1 6 C1 ===================== B: id Aid 1 1 2 4 (B doesn't contain the Aid which link to code C1) Let me explain the overall flow: I want to make each row in table A have different code(by delete duplicate),and I want to retain the Aid which I can find in table B.If Aid which not be saved in table B,I retain the id bigger one. so I can not just do something as below: DELETE FROM A WHERE id NOT IN (SELECT MAX(id) FROM A GROUP BY code, ) I can get each duplicate_code_groups by below sql statement: SELECT code FROM A GROUP BY code HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 Is there some code in sql like for (var ids in duplicate_code_groups){ for (var id in ids) { if (id in B){ return id } } return max(ids) } and put the return id into a idtable?? I just don't know how to write such code in sql. then I can do DELETE FROM A WHERE id NOT IN idtable

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• Xcode can't find imported header files

  - by solerous

  I've used other IDE's in the past but am new to Xcode. I'm trying to bring in a bunch of C code from an open source project. I've imported them into a new Group and the .c files all show up under Implementation Files and the full list of files shows up in the Groups/Files group as well as my project directory in the finder. When I try to include or import one of these header files, code completion even works so I know Xcode is seeing them. But then when I go to build it says "no such file or directory". How can I get these files to import into my code?

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• How to get the class of an input inside a jQuery each loop?

  - by Paul Atkins

  Hi, I have function which appends inputs inside a list item when a link is clicked. I then loop through these inputs using an each loop using the code below. It is working correctly as shown, however instead of using field.name I want to use the class of the input as the array key but when i try to do this the class is shown as undefined. Here is the code I am currently using: var values = {}; $.each($('li :input').serializeArray(), function(i, field) { values[field.name] = field.value; }); Here is the code I have inside the list item once I have appended the hidden inputs using jQuery append: <li><input type="hidden" name="group" class="group" value="2"/><input type="hidden" name="condition" class="condition" value="isany"/><input type="hidden" name="value" class="value" value="1,2"/></li> I can get the name attribute fine but class is always undefined. Could anybody help with this?

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• Count number of results in a View

  - by Jukebox

  I need to count how many people belong in pre-defined groups (this is easy to do in SQL using the SELECT COUNT statement). My Views query runs fine and displays the actual data in my table, but I simply need to know how many results it found. However there doesn't seem to be a COUNT option in views. I am guessing I am going to have to use some sort of views hook, and then stick the result in the table. Here's a quick example of what i'm trying to achieve: My Table ---------------------- Group A | 20 people Group B | 63 people and so on. (I've tried using the Views_Calc module, but I get errors because it is not quite stable yet.) Anybody know of an easy way to count results in Views?

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• .NET grouping forms so that pulling up the primary form shows all other forms?

  - by toasteroven

  I have an app that can open up some other forms at the user's request, and they're set to not show in the taskbar. The problem is, if one of the secondary windows becomes hidden by another app, switching to the primary window only brings that form to the forefront. Is there a good way to "group" the forms so that giving any of them focus brings the whole group to the front? I tried calling BringToFront() on each form in the primary form's Activated event, but that also gives the secondary forms focus, making it impossible to interact with the primary form.

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• Improve SQL query performance

  - by Anax

  I have three tables where I store actual person data (person), teams (team) and entries (athlete). The schema of the three tables is: In each team there might be two or more athletes. I'm trying to create a query to produce the most frequent pairs, meaning people who play in teams of two. I came up with the following query: SELECT p1.surname, p1.name, p2.surname, p2.name, COUNT(*) AS freq FROM person p1, athlete a1, person p2, athlete a2 WHERE p1.id = a1.person_id AND p2.id = a2.person_id AND a1.team_id = a2.team_id AND a1.team_id IN ( SELECT id FROM team, athlete WHERE team.id = athlete.team_id GROUP BY team.id HAVING COUNT(*) = 2 ) GROUP BY p1.id ORDER BY freq DESC Obviously this is a resource consuming query. Is there a way to improve it?

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• how to design a db like Facebook where users can update their status and of the fb page as admin

  - by Harsha M V

  i am designing a database where users can update status messages of theirs and they can create pages groups like facebook fan page and post status like the admin of the page and not as a user. user(id, name..) group(id, name...) group_admin(group_id, user_id) this is my set up. Is this the way to do it. How to post under the group as an admin. will i need to make a check to every user if he is the admin or not ?

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• help with php MVC problem

  - by aprencai

  hello, I have groups on my site and the urls have the following hierarchy: / groups / {id_group} / / groups / {id_group} / news / groups / {id_group} / gallery / groups / {id_group} / events / groups / {id_group} / events / {id_event} / groups / {id_group} / events / {id_event} / news / groups / {id_group} / events / {id_event} / gallery / groups / {id_group} / events / {id_event} / news As you can see a group can have news, gallery, etc. and in turn an event that is in a group can also have news, gallery, etc. How to implement this approach in a framework without specifying any specific one?, ie I would like some guidance on what would have modules, controllers, etc. Thanks.

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• Confusing alias mySQL

  - by Taylor

  I keep getting the same number outputted for the Total Sales, Minimum Sale, Largest Sale and Average Sale. The Total Invoices is working perfectly, but I cant seem to figure out how to fix the other ones. Here's the query: SELECT SUM( b.`Number of Invoices`) AS `Total Invoices`, SUM( b.`Total Customer Purchases`) AS `Total Sales`, MIN( b.`Total Customer Purchases`) AS `Minimum Sale`, MAX( b.`Total Customer Purchases`) AS `Largest Sale`, AVG( b.`Total Customer Purchases`) AS `Average Sale` FROM (SELECT a.CUS_CODE, COUNT(a.`Number of Invoices`) AS `Number of Invoices`, SUM(a.`Invoice Total`) AS `Total Customer Purchases` FROM ( SELECT CUS_CODE, LINE.INV_NUMBER AS `Number of Invoices`, SUM(LINE.LINE_UNITS * LINE.LINE_PRICE) AS `Invoice Total` FROM `ttriggs`.`INVOICE`, `ttriggs`.`LINE` WHERE INVOICE.INV_NUMBER = LINE.INV_NUMBER GROUP BY CUS_CODE, LINE.INV_NUMBER ) a ) b GROUP BY b.CUS_CODE; Heres the database diagram https://www.dropbox.com/s/b8cy5l29jwh8lyv/1_edit.jpg Subquery generates: CUS_CODE 10011 Number of Invoices 8 Total Customer Purchases 1119.03 Any help is greatly appreciated, Thanks!

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• Does '[ab]+' equal '(a|b)+' in python re module?

  - by user1477871

  I think pat1 = '[ab]' and pat2 = 'a|b' have the same function in Python(python2.7, windows) 're' module as a regular expression pattern. But I am confused with '[ab]+' and '(a|b)+', do they have the same function, if not plz explain details. ''' Created on 2012-9-4 @author: melo ''' import re pat1 = '(a|b)+' pat2 = '[ab]+' text = '22ababbbaa33aaa44b55bb66abaa77babab88' m1 = re.search(pat1, text) m2 = re.search(pat2, text) print 'search with pat1:', m1.group() print 'search with pat2:', m2.group() m11 = re.split(pat1, text) m22 = re.split(pat2, text) print 'split with pat1:', m11 print 'split with pat2:', m22 m111 = re.findall(pat1, text) m222 = re.findall(pat2, text) print 'findall with pat1:', m111 print 'findall with pat2:', m222 output as below: search with pat1: ababbbaa search with pat2: ababbbaa split with pat1: ['22', 'a', '33', 'a', '44', 'b', '55', 'b', '66', 'a', '77', 'b', '88'] split with pat2: ['22', '33', '44', '55', '66', '77', '88'] findall with pat1: ['a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'a', 'b'] findall with pat2: ['ababbbaa', 'aaa', 'b', 'bb', 'abaa', 'babab'] why are 'pat1' and 'pat2' different and what's their difference? what kind of strings can 'pat1' actually match?

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• Count, inner join

  - by Urosh

  I have two tables: DRIVER (Driver_Id,First name,Last name,...) PARTICIPANT IN CAR ACCIDENT (Participant_Id,Driver_Id-foreign key,responsibility-yes or no,...) Now, I need to find out which driver participated in accident where responsibility is 'YES', and how many times. I did this: Select Driver_ID, COUNT (Participant.Driver_ID)as 'Number of accidents' from Participant in car accident where responsibility='YES' group by Driver_ID order by COUNT (Participant.Driver_ID) desc But, I need to add drivers first and last name from the first table(using inner join, I suppose). I don't know how, because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause. Please help :)

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• Update multiple values in a single statement

  - by Kluge

  I have a master / detail table and want to update some summary values in the master table against the detail table. I know I can update them like this: update MasterTbl set TotalX = (select sum(X) from DetailTbl where DetailTbl.MasterID = MasterTbl.ID) update MasterTbl set TotalY = (select sum(Y) from DetailTbl where DetailTbl.MasterID = MasterTbl.ID) update MasterTbl set TotalZ = (select sum(Z) from DetailTbl where DetailTbl.MasterID = MasterTbl.ID) But, I'd like to do it in a single statement, something like this: update MasterTbl set TotalX = sum(DetailTbl.X), TotalY = sum(DetailTbl.Y), TotalZ = sum(DetailTbl.Z) from DetailTbl where DetailTbl.MasterID = MasterTbl.ID group by MasterID but that doesn't work. I've also tried versions that omit the "group by" clause. I'm not sure whether I'm bumping up against the limits of my particular database (Advantage), or the limits of my SQL. Probably the latter. Can anyone help?

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• CakePHP ACL use case(s)

  - by Jonathan

  I have got a simple web app in development, i want to establish a couple of user groups; Admin, Doctors & Patients. Each group would have their access restricted to particular controller actions rather than individual content. So for example, Doctors can view patient records (index & view actions), but cannot delete them. Usually i would create a groups model, and assign the various users to a group. And filter in the beforeFilter() method to determine if the user has access. But if ACL can do the job, why right the code, right? Thanks

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• How to get an item value of json using C#?

  - by user3487837

  How to get an item value of json using C#? json: [{ ID: '6512', fd: [{ titie: 'Graph-01', type: 'graph', views: { graph: { show: true, state: { group: 'DivisionName', series: ['FieldWeight', 'FactoryWeight', 'Variance'], graphType: 'lines-and-points' } } } }, { titie: 'Graph-02', type: 'Graph', views: { graph: { show: true, state: { group: 'DivisionName', series: ['FieldWeight', 'FactoryWeight', 'Variance'], graphType: 'lines-and-points' } } } }] }, { ID: '6506', fd: [{ titie: 'Map-01', type: 'map', views: { map: { show: true, state: { kpiField: 'P_BudgetAmount', kpiSlabs: [{ id: 'P_BudgetAmount', hues: ['#0fff03', '#eb0707'], scales: '10' }] } } } }] }] Above mentioned one is json, Here titie value will be get in a list please help me... my code is: string dashletsConfigPath = Url.Content("~/Content/Dashlets/Dashlets.json"); string jArray = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(Server.MapPath(dashletsConfigPath)) List<string> lists = new List<string>(); JArray list = JArray.Parse(jArray); var ll = list.Select(j => j["dashlets"]).ToList();

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• Caluculating sum of activity

  - by Maddy

  I have a table which is with following kind of information activity cost order date other information 10 1 100 -- 20 2 100 10 1 100 30 4 100 40 4 100 20 2 100 40 4 100 20 2 100 10 1 101 10 1 101 20 1 101 My requirement is to get sum of all activities over a work order ex: for order 100 1+2+4+4=11 1(for activity 10) 2(for activity 20) 4 (for activity 30) etc. i tried with group by, its taking lot time for calculation. There are 1lakh plus records in warehouse. is there any possibility in efficient way. SELECT SUM(MIN(cost)) FROM COST_WAREHOUSE a WHERE order = 100 GROUP BY (order, ACTIVITY)

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• trying to work through a list in sections

  - by user1714887

  I have a list of lists sorted by the second value of the list (the groups). I now need to iterate through this to work on each "group" at a time. the data is [name, group, data1, data2, data3, data4]. I wasn't sure if I need a while or some other sort of loop, or maybe groupby but I've never used that. any help would be appreciated. for i in range (int(max_group)): x1 = [] x2 = [] x3 = [] x4 = [] if data[i][1] == i+1: x1.append(data[2]) x2.append(data[3]) x3.append(data[4]) x4.append(data[5]) print x1 print 'next' # these are just to test where we're at

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• How to setup linux permissions for the WWW folder?

  - by Xeoncross

  Updated Summery The /var/www directory is owned by root:root which means that no one can use it and it's entirely useless. Since we all want a web server that actually works (and no-one should be logging in as "root"), then we need to fix this. Only two entities need access. PHP/Perl/Ruby/Python all need access to the folders and files since they create many of them (i.e. /uploads/). These scripting languages should be running under nginx or apache (or even some other thing like FastCGI for PHP). The developers How do they get access? I know that someone, somewhere has done this before. With however-many billions of websites out there you would think that there would be more information on this topic. I know that 777 is full read/write/execute permission for owner/group/other. So this doesn't seem to be needed as it leaves random users full permissions. What permissions are need to be used on /var/www so that... Source control like git or svn Users in a group like "websites" (or even added to "www-data") Servers like apache or lighthttpd And PHP/Perl/Ruby can all read, create, and run files (and directories) there? If I'm correct, Ruby and PHP scripts are not "executed" directly - but passed to an interpreter. So there is no need for execute permission on files in /var/www...? Therefore, it seems like the correct permission would be chmod -R 1660 which would make all files shareable by these four entities all files non-executable by mistake block everyone else from the directory entirely set the permission mode to "sticky" for all future files Is this correct? Update: I just realized that files and directories might need different permissions - I was talking about files above so i'm not sure what the directory permissions would need to be. Update 2: The folder structure of /var/www changes drastically as one of the four entities above are always adding (and sometimes removing) folders and sub folders many levels deep. They also create and remove files that the other 3 entities might need read/write access to. Therefore, the permissions need to do the four things above for both files and directories. Since non of them should need execute permission (see question about ruby/php above) I would assume that rw-rw-r-- permission would be all that is needed and completely safe since these four entities are run by trusted personal (see #2) and all other users on the system only have read access. Update 3: This is for personal development machines and private company servers. No random "web customers" like a shared host. Update 4: This article by slicehost seems to be the best at explaining what is needed to setup permissions for your www folder. However, I'm not sure what user or group apache/nginx with PHP OR svn/git run as and how to change them. Update 5: I have (I think) finally found a way to get this all to work (answer below). However, I don't know if this is the correct and SECURE way to do this. Therefore I have started a bounty. The person that has the best method of securing and managing the www directory wins.

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• ssh authentication nfs

  - by user40135

  Hi all I would like to do ssh from machine "ub0" to another machine "ub1" without using passwords. I setup using nfs on "ub0" but still I am asked to insert a password. Here is my scenario: * machine ub0 and ub1 have the same user "mpiu", with same pwd, same userid, and same group id * the 2 servers are sharing a folder that is the HOME directory for "mpiu" * I did a chmod 700 on the .ssh * I created a key using ssh-keygene -t dsa * I did "cat id_dsa.pub authorized_keys". On this last file I tried also chmod 600 and chmod 640 * off course I can guarantee that on machine ub1 the user "shared_user" can see the same fodler that wes mounted with no problem. Below the content of my .ssh folder Code: authorized_keys id_dsa id_dsa.pub known_hosts After all of this calling wathever function "ssh ub1 hostname" I am requested my password. Do you know what I can try? I also UNcommented in the ssh_config file for both machines this line IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa I also tried ssh -i $HOME/.ssh/id_dsa mpiu@ub1 Below the ssh -vv Code: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-3ubuntu1, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-3ubuntu1, OpenSSL 0.9.8g 19 Oct 2007 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ub1 [192.168.2.9] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug1: identity file /mirror/mpiu/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.DSA-1024 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version lshd-2.0.4 lsh - a GNU ssh debug1: no match: lshd-2.0.4 lsh - a GNU ssh debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-3ubuntu1 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,spki-sign-rsa debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes256-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,arcfour debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes256-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,arcfour debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-sha1,hmac-md5 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-sha1,hmac-md5 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server-client 3des-cbc hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client-server 3des-cbc hmac-md5 none debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 183/384 debug2: bits set: 1028/2048 debug1: sending SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_INIT debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEXDH_REPLY debug1: Host 'ub1' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /mirror/mpiu/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug2: bits set: 1039/2048 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /mirror/mpiu/.ssh/id_dsa (0xb874b098) debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /mirror/mpiu/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: password,publickey debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: Next authentication method: password mpiu@ub1's password: I hangs here!

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• Why is IIS Anonymous authentication being used with administrative UNC drive access?

  - by Mark Lindell

  My account is local administrator on my machine. If I try to browse to a non-existent drive letter on my own box using a UNC path name: \mymachine\x$ my account would get locked out. I would also get the following warning (Event ID 100, Type “Warning”) 5 times under the “System” group in Event Viewer on my box: The server was unable to logon the Windows NT account 'ourdomain\myaccount' due to the following error: Logon failure: unknown user name or bad password. I would also get the following warning 3 times: The server was unable to logon the Windows NT account 'ourdomain\myaccount' due to the following error: The referenced account is currently locked out and may not be logged on to. On the domain controller, Event ID 680 of type “Failure Audit” would appear 4 times under the “Security” group in Event Viewer: Logon attempt by: MICROSOFT_AUTHENTICATION_PACKAGE_V1_0 Logon account: myaccount Followed by Event ID 644: User Account Locked Out: Target Account Name: myaccount Target Account ID: OURDOMAIN\myaccount Caller Machine Name: MYMACHINE Caller User Name: STAN$ Caller Domain: OURDOMAIN Caller Logon ID: (0x0,0x3E7) Followed by another 4 errors having Event ID 680. Strangely, every time I tried to browse to the UNC path I would be prompted for a user name and password, the above errors would be written to the log, and my account would be locked out. When I hit “Cancel” in response to the user name/password prompt, the following message box would display: Windows cannot find \mymachine\x$. Check the spelling and try again, or try searching for the item by clicking the Start button and then clicking Search. I checked with others in the group using XP and they only got the above message box when browsing to a “bad” drive letter on their box. No one else was prompted for a user name/password and then locked out. So, every time I tried to browse to the “bad” drive letter, behind the scenes XP was trying to login 8 times using bad credentials (or, at least a bad password as the login was correct), causing my account to get locked out on the 4th try. Interestingly, If I tried browsing to a “good” drive such as “c$” it would work fine. As a test, I tried logging on to my box as a different login and browsing the “bad” UNC path. Strangely, my “ourdomain\myaccount” account was getting locked out – not the one I was logged in as! I was totally confused as to why the credentials for the other login were being passed. After much Googling, I found a link referring to some IIS settings I was vaguely familiar with from the past but could not see how they would affect this issue. It was related to the IIS directory security setting “Anonymous access and authentication control” located under: Control Panel/Administrative Tools/Computer Management/Services and Applications/Internet Information Services/Web Sites/Default Web Site/Properties/Directory Security/Anonymous access and authentication control/Edit/Password I found no indication while scouring the Internet that this property was related to my UNC problem. But, I did notice that this property was set to my domain user name and password. And, my password did age recently but I had not reset the password accordingly for this property. Sure enough, keying in the new password corrected the problem. I was no longer prompted for a user name/password when browsing the UNC path and the account lock-outs ceased. Now, a couple of questions: Why would an IIS setting affect the browsing of a UNC path on a local box? Why had I not encountered this problem before? My password has aged several times and I’ve never encountered this problem. And, I can’t remember the last time I updated the “Anonymous access” IIS password it’s been so long. I’ve run the script after a password reset before and never had my account locked-out due to the UNC problem (the script accesses UNC paths as a normal part of its processing). Windows Update did install “Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 7 for Windows XP (KB972260)” on my box on 7/29/2009. I wonder if this is responsible.

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• How to setup linux permissions the WWW folder?

  - by Xeoncross

  Updated Summery The /var/www directory is owned by root:root which means that no one can use it and it's entirely useless. Since we all want a web server that actually works (and no-one should be logging in as "root"), then we need to fix this. Only two entities need access. PHP/Perl/Ruby/Python all need access to the folders and files since they create many of them (i.e. /uploads/). These scripting languages should be running under nginx or apache (or even some other thing like FastCGI for PHP). The developers How do they get access? I know that someone, somewhere has done this before. With however-many billions of websites out there you would think that there would be more information on this topic. I know that 777 is full read/write/execute permission for owner/group/other. So this doesn't seem to be needed as it leaves random users full permissions. What permissions are need to be used on /var/www so that... Source control like git or svn Users in a group like "websites" (or even added to "www-data") Servers like apache or lighthttpd And PHP/Perl/Ruby can all read, create, and run files (and directories) there? If I'm correct, Ruby and PHP scripts are not "executed" directly - but passed to an interpreter. So there is no need for execute permission on files in /var/www...? Therefore, it seems like the correct permission would be chmod -R 1660 which would make all files shareable by these four entities all files non-executable by mistake block everyone else from the directory entirely set the permission mode to "sticky" for all future files Is this correct? Update: I just realized that files and directories might need different permissions - I was talking about files above so i'm not sure what the directory permissions would need to be. Update 2: The folder structure of /var/www changes drastically as one of the four entities above are always adding (and sometimes removing) folders and sub folders many levels deep. They also create and remove files that the other 3 entities might need read/write access to. Therefore, the permissions need to do the four things above for both files and directories. Since non of them should need execute permission (see question about ruby/php above) I would assume that rw-rw-r-- permission would be all that is needed and completely safe since these four entities are run by trusted personal (see #2) and all other users on the system only have read access. Update 3: This is for personal development machines and private company servers. No random "web customers" like a shared host. Update 4: This article by slicehost seems to be the best at explaining what is needed to setup permissions for your www folder. However, I'm not sure what user or group apache/nginx with PHP OR svn/git run as and how to change them. Update 5: I have (I think) finally found a way to get this all to work (answer below). However, I don't know if this is the correct and SECURE way to do this. Therefore I have started a bounty. The person that has the best method of securing and managing the www directory wins.

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• XenServer Converting HVM to Paravirtualised

  - by Karl Kloppenborg

  Recently I have been tasked with the daunting process of converting a setup of HVM enabled VMs (running on Citrix XenServer 5.6.0) into PV (paravirtualised) containers. The constraints of the project was that: The operating system must be functionally identical after the migration. minimal modification to the operating system (with exception of kernel / drive mapping) I also was allowed to change the bootloader(ie, grub) in what ever way I see fit. However, I have attempted this, I will firstly like to show you my steps I took. This at the moment is CentOS5.5 specific: Steps: yum install kernel-xen This installed: 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen edited: /boot/grub/menu.lst changed my specs to match: title CentOS (2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 console=xvc0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img Then I changed my xenserver parameters to match: xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader-args="--kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen --ramdisk /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] HVM-boot-policy="" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader=pygrub xe vbd-param-set uuid==[Virtual Block Device/VBD uuid] bootable=true Some things to note, I am running a VolGroup LVM ;) Anyways, after all these steps (which aren't much!) I boot the VM and it boots initial kernel just fine, however I am presented with this error: Boot Screen: device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Waiting for driver initialization. Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Activating logical volumes Volume group "VolGroup00" not found Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root' Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Now my hints are that it cannot detect / because of the fact that when you change from HVM mode to PV it does something (not that obvious) When you make a SR (storage) on a HVM, you get it mounted to the guest os as /dev/hda. However in PV mode, this presents itself as /dev/xvda... Could this be the answer? and if so, how the heck to I implement it?? Update: So I have gotten a bit further in my quest, as it now detects the LVM's... To do this, I required to recompile the xen-kernel initrd image. Command: mkinitrd -v --builtin=xen_vbd --preload=xenblk initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen Now when I boot I get this: Boot Screen: Loading dm-raid45.ko module device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2 Activating logical volumes 3 logical volume(s) in volume group "VolGroup00" now active Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: error mounting /dev/root on /sysroot as ext3: Device or resource busy Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

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• i cant ping to my DMZ zone from the local inside PC

  - by Big Denzel

  HI everybody. Can anyone please help me on the following issue. I got a Cisco Asa 5520 configured at my network. I cant ping to my DMZ interface from a local inside network PC. so the only way a ping the DMZ is right from the Cisco ASA firewall, there i can pint to all 3 interfaces, Inside, Outside and DMZ,,,, But no PC from the Inside Network can access the DMZ. Can please any one help? I thank you all in advance Bellow is my Cisco ASA 5520 Firewall show run; ASA-FW# sh run : Saved : ASA Version 7.0(8) ! hostname ASA-FW enable password encrypted passwd encrypted names dns-guard ! interface GigabitEthernet0/0 description "Link-To-GW-Router" nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 41.223.156.109 255.255.255.248 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/1 description "Link-To-Local-LAN" nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.252.0 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/2 description "Link-To-DMZ" nameif dmz security-level 50 ip address 172.16.16.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface GigabitEthernet0/3 shutdown no nameif no security-level no ip address ! interface Management0/0 description "Local-Management-Interface" no nameif no security-level ip address 192.168.192.1 255.255.255.0 ! ftp mode passive access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit tcp any host 41.223.156.107 eq smtp access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit tcp any host 41.223.156.106 eq www access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended permit icmp any any log access-list OUT-TO-DMZ extended deny ip any any access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq pop3 access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq smtp access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq ssh access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq telnet access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq https access-list inside extended permit udp any any eq domain access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq domain access-list inside extended permit tcp any any eq www access-list inside extended permit ip any any access-list inside extended permit icmp any any access-list dmz extended permit ip any any access-list dmz extended permit icmp any any access-list cap extended permit ip 10.1.4.0 255.255.252.0 172.16.16.0 255.255.25 5.0 access-list cap extended permit ip 172.16.16.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.0 255.255.25 2.0 no pager logging enable logging buffer-size 5000 logging monitor warnings logging trap warnings mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 mtu dmz 1500 no failover asdm image disk0:/asdm-508.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (dmz,outside) tcp 41.223.156.106 www 172.16.16.80 www netmask 255.255.255 .255 static (dmz,outside) tcp 41.223.156.107 smtp 172.16.16.25 smtp netmask 255.255.2 55.255 static (inside,dmz) 10.1.0.0 10.1.16.0 netmask 255.255.252.0 access-group OUT-TO-DMZ in interface outside access-group inside in interface inside access-group dmz in interface dmz route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 41.223.156.108 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 timeout mgcp-pat 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 10.1.4.0 255.255.252.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec security-association lifetime seconds 28800 crypto ipsec security-association lifetime kilobytes 4608000 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 management-access inside ! ! match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns maximum-length 512 inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect skinny inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect sip inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global Cryptochecksum: : end ASA-FW# Please Help. Big Denzel

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• Cisco Pix how to add an additional block of static ip addresses for nat?

  - by Scott Szretter

  I have a pix 501 with 5 static ip addresses. My isp just gave me 5 more. I am trying to figure out how to add the new block and then how to nat/open at least one of them to an inside machine. So far, I named a new interface "intf2", ip range is 71.11.11.58 - 62 (gateway should 71.11.11.57) imgsvr is the machine I want to nat to one of the (71.11.11.59) new ip addresses. mail (.123) is an example of a machine that is mapped to the current existing 5 ip block (96.11.11.121 gate / 96.11.11.122-127) and working fine. Building configuration... : Saved : PIX Version 6.3(4) interface ethernet0 auto interface ethernet0 vlan1 logical interface ethernet1 auto nameif ethernet0 outside security0 nameif ethernet1 inside security100 nameif vlan1 intf2 security1 enable password xxxxxxxxx encrypted passwd xxxxxxxxx encrypted hostname xxxxxxxPIX domain-name xxxxxxxxxxx no fixup protocol dns fixup protocol ftp 21 fixup protocol h323 h225 1720 fixup protocol h323 ras 1718-1719 fixup protocol http 80 fixup protocol rsh 514 fixup protocol rtsp 554 fixup protocol sip 5060 fixup protocol sip udp 5060 fixup protocol skinny 2000 no fixup protocol smtp 25 fixup protocol sqlnet 1521 fixup protocol tftp 69 names ...snip... name 192.168.10.13 mail name 192.168.10.29 imgsvr object-group network vpn1 network-object mail 255.255.255.255 access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.124 eq www access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.124 eq https access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.124 eq 3389 access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.123 eq https access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.123 eq www access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.125 eq smtp access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.125 eq https access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.125 eq 10443 access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.126 eq smtp access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.126 eq https access-list outside_access_in permit tcp any host 96.11.11.126 eq 10443 access-list outside_access_in deny ip any any access-list inside_nat0_outbound permit ip 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 IPPool2 255.255.255.0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound permit ip 172.17.0.0 255.255.0.0 IPPool2 255.255.255.0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound permit ip 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 IPPool2 255.255.255.0 ...snip... access-list inside_access_in deny tcp any any eq smtp access-list inside_access_in permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging on logging buffered notifications mtu outside 1500 mtu inside 1500 ip address outside 96.11.11.122 255.255.255.248 ip address inside 192.168.10.15 255.255.255.0 ip address intf2 71.11.11.58 255.255.255.248 ip audit info action alarm ip audit attack action alarm pdm location exchange 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location mail 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location IPPool2 255.255.255.0 outside pdm location 96.11.11.122 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location 192.168.10.6 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location mail-gate1 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location mail-gate2 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location imgsvr 255.255.255.255 inside pdm location 71.11.11.59 255.255.255.255 intf2 pdm logging informational 100 pdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface global (outside) 2 96.11.11.123 global (intf2) 3 interface global (intf2) 4 71.11.11.59 nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 2 mail 255.255.255.255 0 0 nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 0 static (inside,outside) tcp 96.11.11.123 smtp mail smtp netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (inside,outside) tcp 96.11.11.123 https mail https netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (inside,outside) tcp 96.11.11.123 www mail www netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (inside,outside) 96.11.11.124 ts netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (inside,outside) 96.11.11.126 mail-gate2 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 static (inside,outside) 96.11.11.125 mail-gate1 netmask 255.255.255.255 0 0 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside access-group inside_access_in in interface inside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 96.11.11.121 1 route intf2 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 71.11.11.57 2 timeout xlate 0:05:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 rpc 0:10:00 h225 1:00:00 timeout h323 0:05:00 mgcp 0:05:00 sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 timeout uauth 0:05:00 absolute floodguard enable ...snip... : end [OK] Thanks!

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• Reinstall Postfix

  - by Kevin

  I tried to reinstall Postfix, but I get this bunch of errors: root@***:/etc/init.d# sudo apt-get install -f postfix Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: procmail postfix-mysql postfix-pgsql postfix-ldap postfix-pcre resolvconf postfix-cdb mail-reader The following NEW packages will be installed: postfix 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/1,389kB of archives. After this operation, 3,531kB of additional disk space will be used. Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package postfix. (Reading database ... 56122 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking postfix (from .../postfix_2.7.1-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Processing triggers for ufw ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up postfix (2.7.1-1ubuntu0.1) ... Configuration file `/etc/init.d/postfix' ==> File on system created by you or by a script. ==> File also in package provided by package maintainer. What would you like to do about it ? Your options are: Y or I : install the package maintainer's version N or O : keep your currently-installed version D : show the differences between the versions Z : start a shell to examine the situation The default action is to keep your current version. *** postfix (Y/I/N/O/D/Z) [default=N] ? Y Installing new version of config file /etc/init.d/postfix ... Adding group `postfix' (GID 109) ... Done. Adding system user `postfix' (UID 106) ... Adding new user `postfix' (UID 106) with group `postfix' ... Not creating home directory `/var/spool/postfix'. Creating /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding tcp map entry to /etc/postfix/dynamicmaps.cf Adding group `postdrop' (GID 115) ... Done. setting myhostname: ***.net setting alias maps setting alias database setting myorigin setting destinations: ***.net, localhost.***.net, , localhost setting relayhost: setting mynetworks: 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 setting mailbox_size_limit: 0 setting recipient_delimiter: + setting inet_interfaces: all Postfix is now set up with a default configuration. If you need to make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf (and others) as needed. To view Postfix configuration values, see postconf(1). After modifying main.cf, be sure to run '/etc/init.d/postfix reload'. Running newaliases postalias: fatal: /etc/mailname: cannot open file: Permission denied dpkg: error processing postfix (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Errors were encountered while processing: postfix E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I tried aptitude purge, remove, autoclean and all of dpkg options (configure, remove, purge) but nothing did the trick. /etc/mailname exists (0644 root:root) with as content *.net (fetched from hostname). What am I doing wrong?

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