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  • escaping query string with special characters with python

    - by that_guy
    I got some pretty messy urls that i got via scraping here, problem is that they contain spaces or other special characters in the path and query string, here is some example http://www.example.com/some path/to the/file.html http://www.example.com/some path/?file=path to/file name.png&name=name.me so, is there an easy and robust way to escape the urls so that i can pass them to urlopen? i tried urlib.quote, but it seems to escape the '?', '&', and '=' in the query string as well, and it seems to escape the protocol as well, currently, what i am trying to do is use regex to separate the protocol, path name, and query string and escape them separately, but there are cases where they arent separated properly any advice is appreciated

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  • Python NameError when attempting to use a user-defined class

    - by Michael Herold
    I'm getting a weird instance of a NameError when attempting to use a class I wrote. In a directory, I have the following file structure: dir/ ReutersParser.py test.py reut-xxx.sgm Where my custom class is defined in ReutersParser.py and I have a test script defined in test.py. The ReutersParser looks something like this: from sgmllib import SGMLParser class ReutersParser(SGMLParser): def __init__(self, verbose=0): SGMLParser.__init__(self, verbose) ... rest of parser if __name__ == '__main__': f = open('reut2-short.sgm') s = f.read() p = ReutersParser() p.parse(s) It's a parser to deal with SGML files of Reuters articles. The test works perfectly. Anyway, I'm going to use it in test.py, which looks like this: from ReutersParser import ReutersParser def main(): parser = ReutersParser() if __name__ == '__main__': main() When it gets to that parser line, I'm getting this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Projects\Reuters\test.py", line 34, in <module> main() File "D:\Projects\Reuters\test.py", line 19, in main parser = ReutersParser() File "D:\Projects\Reuters\ReutersParser.py", line 38, in __init__ SGMLParser.__init__(self, verbose) NameError: global name 'sgmllib' is not defined For some reason, when I try to use my ReutersParser in test.py, it throws an error that says it cannot find sgmllib, which is a built-in module. I'm at my wits' end trying to figure out why the import won't work. What's causing this NameError? I've tried importing sgmllib in my test.py and that works, so I don't understand why it can't find it when trying to run the constructor for my ReutersParser.

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  • regular expression not behaving as expected - Python

    - by philippe
    I have the following function which is supposed to read a .html file and search for <input> tags, and inject a <input type='hidden' > tag into the string to be shown into the page. However, that condition is never met:( e.g the if statement is never executed. ) What's wrong with my regex? def print_choose( params, name ): filename = path + name f = open( filename, 'r' ) records = f.readlines() print "Content-Type: text/html" print page = "" flag = True for record in records: if re.match( '<input*', str(record) ) != None: print record page += record page += "<input type='hidden' name='pagename' value='psychology' />" else: page += record print page Thank you

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  • Sorting and alligning the contents of a text file in Python

    - by Emily Price
    Hello In my program I have a text file that I read from and write to. However, I would like to display the contents of the text file in an alligned and sorted manner. The contents currently read- name, score name, score Would I have to convert this information into lists in order to be able to do this? If so, how do I go about doing this? Thankyou

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  • Need help in writting re in python

    - by laspal
    Hi, My string is mystring = "<tr><td><span class='para'><b>Total Amount : </b>INR (Indian Rupees) 100.00</span></td></tr>" My problem here is I have to search and get the total amount test = re.search("(Indian Rupees)(\d{2})(?:\D|$)", mystring) but my test give me None. How can I get the values and values can be 10.00, 100.00, 1000.00 Thanks

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  • python mock side_effect or return_value dependent on call_count

    - by user18380
    To test a polling function I want to mock the calling of a sub function so that the first time it is called it will fail, and the second time it is called it will succeed. Here's a very simplified version of it: poll_function(var1): value = sub_function(var1) # First call will return None while not value: time.sleep(POLLING_INTERVAL) value = sub_function(var1) # A subsequent call will return a string, e.g "data" return value Is this possible to do with a Mock object from the mock framework? I know Mock objects have a call_count attribute I should be able to use somehow. Right now I've solved it by creating a custom mock object that I use to monkey patch sub_function(), but I feel there should be a better less verbose way of doing it: def test_poll(): class MyMock(object): def __init__(self, *args): self.call_count = 0 def sub_function(self, *args, **kwargs): if self.call_count > 1: return "data" else: self.call_count += 1 return None my_mock = MyMock() with patch('sub_function', my_mock.sub_function): ok_(poll_function())

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  • Deleting files by type in Python on Windows

    - by choszen
    I know how to delete single files, however I am lost in my implementation of how to delete all files in a directory of one type. Say the directory is \myfolder I want to delete all files that are .config files, but nothing to the other ones. How would I do this? Thanks Kindly

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  • Concatenation of many lists in Python

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    Suppose i have a function like this: def getNeighbors(vertex) which returns a list of vertices that are neighbors of the given vertex. Now i want to create a list with all the neighbors of the neighbors. I do that like this: listOfNeighborsNeighbors = [] for neighborVertex in getNeighbors(vertex): listOfNeighborsNeighbors.append(getNeighbors(neighborsVertex)) Is there a more pythonic way to do that?

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  • Python frequency detection

    - by Tsuki
    Ok what im trying to do is a kind of audio processing software that can detect a prevalent frequency an if the frequency is played for long enough (few ms) i know i got a positive match. i know i would need to use FFT or something simiral but in this field of math i suck, i did search the internet but didn not find a code that could do only this. the goal im trying to accieve is to make myself a custom protocol to send data trough sound, need very low bitrate per sec but im also very limited on the transmiting end so the recieving software will need to be able custom (cant use an actual hardware/software modem) also i want this to be software only (no additional hardware except soundcard) thanks alot for the help.

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  • python input for itertools.product

    - by user364249
    Looking for a way to simulate nested loops (or a cartesian product) i came across the itertools.product function. i need a function or piece of code that receive a list of integers as input and returns a specific generator. example: input = [3,2,4] - gen = product(xrange(3),xrange(2),xrange(4)) or input = [2,4,5,6] - gen = product(xrange(2),xrange(4),xrange(5),xrange(6)) as the size of the lists varies i am very confused in how to do that without the need of a lot of precoding based on a crazy amount of ifs and the size of the list. also is there a difference in calling product(range(3)) or product(xrange(3))?

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  • new to lists on python

    - by user1762229
    This is my current code: while True: try: mylist = [0] * 7 for x in range(7): sales = float(input("Sales for day:")) mylist[x] = sales if sales < 0: print ("Sorry,invalid. Try again.") except: print ("Sorry, invalid. Try again.") else: break print (mylist) best = max(sales) worst = min(sales) print ("Your best day had", best, "in sales.") print ("Your worst day had", worst, "in sales.") When I run it I get this: Sales for day:-5 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-6 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-7 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-8 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-9 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-2 Sorry,invalid. Try again. Sales for day:-5 Sorry,invalid. Try again. [-5.0, -6.0, -7.0, -8.0, -9.0, -2.0, -5.0] Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Users/Si Hong/Desktop/HuangSiHong_assign9_part.py", line 45, in <module> best = max(sales) TypeError: 'float' object is not iterable I am not quite sure how to code it so that, the lists do NOT take in negative values, because I only want values 0 or greater. I am not sure how to solve the TypeError issue so that the min and max values will print as in my code My last issue is, if I want to find the average value of the seven inputs that an user puts in, how should I go about this in pulling the values out of the lists Thank you so much

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  • python matrices - list index out of range

    - by user1888493
    I am writing a function, that takes a matrix as input, such as the one below. Then the it returns the matrix' inverse, where all the 1s are changed to 0s and all the 0s changed to 1s, while keeping the diagonal from top left to bottom right 0s. An example input: g1 = [[0, 1, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1, 0]] the function should output this: g1 = [[0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0]] When I run the program, it raises a list index out of range error. I'm sure this happens, because the loops I have set up are trying to access values that do not exist. But how do I allow an input of unknown row and column size? I only know how to do this with a single list, but a list of lists? Following you see the transforming function, but not the test function that calls it: def inverse_graph(graph): # take in graph # change all zeros to ones and ones to zeros r, c = 0, 0 # row, column equal zero while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current row has a value. while (graph[r][c] == 0 or graph[r][c] == 1): # while the current column has a value if (graph[r][c] == 0): graph[r][c] = 1 elif (graph[r][c] == 1): graph[r][c] = 0 c+=1 c=0 r+=1 c=0 r=0 # sets diagonal to zeros while (g1[r][c] == 0 or g1[r][c] == 1): g1[r][c]=0 c+=1 r+=1 return graph

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  • Python Beautiful Soup .content Property

    - by Robert Birch
    What does BeautifulSoup's .content do? I am working through crummy.com's tutorial and I don't really understand what .content does. I have looked at the forums and I have not seen any answers. Looking at the code below.... from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup import re doc = ['<html><head><title>Page title</title></head>', '<body><p id="firstpara" align="center">This is paragraph <b>one</b>.', '<p id="secondpara" align="blah">This is paragraph <b>two</b>.', '</html>'] soup = BeautifulSoup(''.join(doc)) print soup.contents[0].contents[0].contents[0].contents[0].name I would expect the last line of the code to print out 'body' instead of... File "pe_ratio.py", line 29, in <module> print soup.contents[0].contents[0].contents[0].contents[0].name File "C:\Python27\lib\BeautifulSoup.py", line 473, in __getattr__ raise AttributeError, "'%s' object has no attribute '%s'" % (self.__class__.__name__, attr) AttributeError: 'NavigableString' object has no attribute 'name' Is .content only concerned with html, head and title? If, so why is that? Thanks for the help in advance.

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  • Adding items to dictionary if condition is true, else dont - python

    - by CodeTalk
    I'm trying to take an existing process: if self.path_object is not None: dictpath = {} for path in self.path_object: self.params = path.pathval.split("?")[0] self.params = path.pathval.split("&", 2) if path.pathval.contains(self.params): out = list(map(lambda v: v.split("=")[0] +"=" + str(self.fuzz_vectors), self.params)) else: pass dictpath[path] = out print dictpath I added the sub-if/else block in, but it is failing, stating: AttributeError: 'unicode' object has no attribute 'contains' on the if block . How can I fix it? I'm simply trying to do: if the path.pathval has either ? or & in it: add to dictionary else: pass #forget about it. Thanks!

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  • Automatically registering "commands" for a command line program in python

    - by seandavi
    I would like to develop a command-line program that can process and give "help" for subcommands. To be concrete, say I have a single script called "cgent" and I would like to have subcommands "abc", "def", and "xyz" execute and accept the rest of the sys.args for processing by optparse. cgent abc [options] cgent help abc .... All of this is straightforward if I hard-code the subcommand names. However, I would like to be able to continue to add subcommands by adding a class or module (?). This is similar to the idea that is used by web frameworks for adding controllers, for example. I have tried digging through pylons to see if I can recreate what is done there, but I have not unravelled the logic. Any suggestions on how to do this? Thanks, Sean

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  • How to do elif statments more elegantly if appending to array in python

    - by user1741339
    I am trying to do a more elegant version of this code. This just basically appends a string to categorynumber depending on the number. Would appreciate any help. number = [100,150,200,500] categoryNumber = [] for i in range (0,len(number)): if (number [i] >=1000): categoryNumber.append('number > 1000') elif (number [i] >=200): categoryNumber.append('200 < number < 300') elif (number [i] >=100): categoryNumber.append('100 < number < 200') elif (number [i] >=50): categoryNumber.append('50 < number < 100') elif (number [i] < 50): categoryNumber.append('number < 50') for i in range(0,len(categoryNumber)): print i

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  • Calling from a parent file in python

    - by Teifion
    I have a file called main.py and a file called classes.py main.py contains the application and what's happening while class.py contains some classes. main.py has the following code main.py import classes def addItem(text): print text myClass = classes.ExampleClass() And then we have classes.py classes.py class ExampleClass (object): def __init__(self): addItem('bob') Surprisingly enough that's not the actual code I am using because I've stripped out anything that'd get in the way of you seeing what I want to do. I want to be able to call a method that's defined in main.py from a class within classes.py. How do I do this? Thanks in advance

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  • Sort a list numerically in Python

    - by Matthew
    So I have this list, we'll call it listA. I'm trying to get the [3] item in each list e.g. ['5.01','5.88','2.10','9.45','17.58','2.76'] in sorted order. So the end result would start the entire list over again with Santa at the top. Does that make any sense? [['John Doe', u'25.78', u'20.77', '5.01'], ['Jane Doe', u'21.08', u'15.20', '5.88'], ['James Bond', u'20.57', u'18.47', '2.10'], ['Michael Jordan', u'28.50', u'19.05', '9.45'], ['Santa', u'31.13', u'13.55', '17.58'], ['Easter Bunny', u'17.20', u'14.44', '2.76']]

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  • Reading a series of input / output in Python

    - by PulpFiction
    Hello everyone. For my app, I need to print out a series of outputs and then accepts inputs from the user. What would be the best way of doing this? Like: print '1' x = raw_input() print '2' y = raw_input() Something like this, but it would go on for at least 10 times. My only concern with doing the above is that it would make up for poor code readability. How should I do it? Should I create a function like this: def printOut(string): print string Or is there a better way?

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  • what is a good way to do countif in python

    - by tolomea
    I want to count how many members of an iterable meet a given condition. I'd like to do it in a way that is clear and simple and preferably reasonably optimal. My current best ideas are: sum(meets_condition(x) for x in my_list) and len([x for x in my_list if meets_condition(x)]) The first one being iterator based is presumably faster for big lists. And it's the same form as you'd use for testing any and all. However it depends on the fact that int(True) == 1, which is somewhat ugly. The second one seems easier to read to me, but it is different from the any and all forms. Does anyone have any better suggestions? is there a library function somewhere that I am missing?

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  • String loops in Python

    - by Steve Hunter
    I have two pools of strings and I would like to do a loop over both. For example, if I want to put two labeled apples in one plate I'll write: basket1 = ['apple#1', 'apple#2', 'apple#3', 'apple#4'] for fruit1 in basket1: basket2 = ['apple#1', 'apple#2', 'apple#3', 'apple#4'] for fruit2 in basket2: if fruit1 == fruit2: print 'Oops!' else: print "New Plate = %s and %s" % (fruit1, fruit2) However, I don't want order to matter -- for example I am considering apple#1-apple#2 equivalent to apple#2-apple#1. What's the easiest way to code this? I'm thinking about making a counter in the second loop to track the second basket and not starting from the point-zero in the second loop every time.

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