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  • Difference of function argument as (const int &) and (int & a) in C++

    - by Narek
    I know that if you write void function_name(int& a), then function will not do local copy of your variable passed as argument. Also have met in literature that you should write void function_name(const int & a) in order to say compiler, that I dont want the variable passed as argument to be copied. So my question: what is the difference with this two cases (except that "const" enshures that the variable passes will not be changed by function!!!)???

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  • How to save Application State using NSUserDefaults in iPhone?

    - by keith
    Hello Everyone, Following is what i am doing: - (void) applicationWillTerminate: (UIApplication*) application { NSUserDefaults *defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults]; [defaults setObject:navigationController.viewControllers forKey:@"diabetesstate"]; } - (void) applicationDidFinishLaunching: (UIApplication*) application { NSMutableArray *state = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"diabetesstate"]; if (state == nil) { //Will initialize a new controller and put it as root view controller } else { [navigationController setViewControllers:state animated:NO]; } }

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  • OpenGL Coordinate system confusion

    - by user146780
    Maybe I set up GLUT wrong. Basically I want verticies to be reletive to their size in pixels. Ex:right now if I create a hexagon, it hakes up the whole screen even though the units are 6. #include <iostream> #include <stdlib.h> //Needed for "exit" function #include <cmath> //Include OpenGL header files, so that we can use OpenGL #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <OpenGL/OpenGL.h> #include <GLUT/glut.h> #else #include <GL/glut.h> #endif using namespace std; //Called when a key is pressed void handleKeypress(unsigned char key, //The key that was pressed int x, int y) { //The current mouse coordinates switch (key) { case 27: //Escape key exit(0); //Exit the program } } //Initializes 3D rendering void initRendering() { //Makes 3D drawing work when something is in front of something else glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); } //Called when the window is resized void handleResize(int w, int h) { //Tell OpenGL how to convert from coordinates to pixel values glViewport(0, 0, w, h); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //Switch to setting the camera perspective //Set the camera perspective glLoadIdentity(); //Reset the camera gluPerspective(45.0, //The camera angle (double)w / (double)h, //The width-to-height ratio 1.0, //The near z clipping coordinate 200.0); //The far z clipping coordinate } //Draws the 3D scene void drawScene() { //Clear information from last draw glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); //Reset the drawing perspective glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL); glBegin(GL_POLYGON); //Begin quadrilateral coordinates //Trapezoid glColor3f(255,0,0); for(int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { glVertex2d(sin(i/6.0*2* 3.1415), cos(i/6.0*2* 3.1415)); } glEnd(); //End quadrilateral coordinates glutSwapBuffers(); //Send the 3D scene to the screen } int main(int argc, char** argv) { //Initialize GLUT glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA | GLUT_DEPTH); glutInitWindowSize(400, 400); //Set the window size //Create the window glutCreateWindow("Basic Shapes - videotutorialsrock.com"); initRendering(); //Initialize rendering //Set handler functions for drawing, keypresses, and window resizes glutDisplayFunc(drawScene); glutKeyboardFunc(handleKeypress); glutReshapeFunc(handleResize); glutMainLoop(); //Start the main loop. glutMainLoop doesn't return. return 0; //This line is never reached } How can I make it so that a polygon of 0,0 10,0 10,10 0,10 defines a polygon starting at the top left of the screen and is a width and height of 10 pixels? Thanks

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  • using object in multiple function

    - by nixon
    Hi. How can i use object from one function in another ? main() { private void button1_click { MyClass object = new MyClass(); object.blabla(); } private void button2_click { // how can i use object from button1_click ?? } }

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  • DOUBLE_CLIC dont work in actionscript3

    - by ScarX
    I have MyMovie.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, goClick) function goClick(e:MouseEvent):void { trace("Trololo"); } It's work. Why don't work? MyMovie.addEventListener(MouseEvent.DOUBLE_CLICK, goDouble) function goDouble(e:MouseEvent):void { trace("Trololo"); }

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  • Robust way to save/load objects with dependencies?

    - by mrteacup
    I'm writing an Android game in Java and I need a robust way to save and load application state quickly. The question seems to apply to most OO languages. To understand what I need to save: I'm using a Strategy pattern to control my game entities. The idea is I have a very general Entity class which e.g. stores the location of a bullet/player/enemy and I then attach a Behaviour class that tells the entity how to act: class Entiy { float x; float y; Behavior b; } abstract class Behavior { void update(Entity e); {} // Move about at a constant speed class MoveBehavior extends Behavior { float speed; void update ... } // Chase after another entity class ChaseBehavior extends Behavior { Entity target; void update ... } // Perform two behaviours in sequence class CombineBehavior extends Behavior { Behaviour a, b; void update ... } Essentially, Entity objects are easy to save but Behaviour objects can have a semi-complex graph of dependencies between other Entity objects and other Behaviour objects. I also have cases where a Behaviour object is shared between entities. I'm willing to change my design to make saving/loading state easier, but the above design works really well for structuring the game. Anyway, the options I've considered are: Use Java serialization. This is meant to be really slow in Android (I'll profile it sometime). I'm worried about robustness when changes are made between versions however. Use something like JSON or XML. I'm not sure how I would cope with storing the dependencies between objects however. Would I have to give each object a unique ID and then use these IDs on loading to link the right objects together? I thought I could e.g. change the ChaseBehaviour to store a ID to an entity, instead of a reference, that would be used to look up the Entity before performing the behaviour. I'd rather avoid having to write lots of loading/saving code myself as I find it really easy to make mistakes (e.g. forgetting to save something, reading things out in the wrong order). Can anyone give me any tips on good formats to save to or class designs that make saving state easier?

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  • invalid postback event instead of dropdown to datagrid

    - by rima
    I faced with funny situation. I created a page which is having some value, I set these value and control my post back event also. The problem is happening when I change a component index(ex reselect a combobox which is not inside my datagrid) then I dont know why without my page call the Page_Load it goes to create a new row in grid function and all of my parameter are null! I am just receiving null exception. So in other word I try to explain the situation: when I load my page I am initializing some parameter. then everything is working fine. in my page when I change selected item of my combo box, page suppose to go and run function related to that combo box, and call page_load, but it is not going there and it goes to rowcreated function. I am trying to illustrate part of my page. Please help me because I am not receiving any error except null exception and it triger wrong even which seems so complicated for me. public partial class W_CM_FRM_02 : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (Page.IsPostBack && !loginFail) return; InitializeItems(); } } private void InitializeItems() { cols = new string[] { "v_classification_code", "v_classification_name" }; arrlstCMMM_CLASSIFICATION = (ArrayList)db.Select(cols, "CMMM_CLASSIFICATION", "v_classification_code <> 'N'", " ORDER BY v_classification_name"); } } protected void DGV_RFA_DETAILS_RowCreated(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //db = (Database)Session["oCon"]; foreach (DataRow dr in arrlstCMMM_CLASSIFICATION) ((DropDownList)DGV_RFA_DETAILS.Rows[index].Cells[4].FindControl("OV_RFA_CLASSIFICATION")).Items.Add(new ListItem(dr["v_classification_name"].ToString(), dr["v_classification_code"].ToString())); } protected void V_CUSTOMER_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (V_CUSTOMER.SelectedValue == "xxx" || V_CUSTOMER.SelectedValue == "ddd") V_IMPACTED_FUNCTIONS.Enabled = true; } } my form: <%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="W_CM_FRM_02.aspx.cs" Inherits="W_CM_FRM_02" Title="W_CM_FRM_02" enableeventvalidation="false" EnableViewState="true"%> <td>Project name*</td> <td><asp:DropDownList ID="V_CUSTOMER" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True" onselectedindexchanged="V_CUSTOMER_SelectedIndexChanged" /></td> <td colspan = "8"> <asp:GridView ID="DGV_RFA_DETAILS" runat="server" ShowFooter="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False" CellPadding="1" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" OnRowDeleting="grvRFADetails_RowDeleting" Width="100%" Style="text-align: left" onrowcreated="DGV_RFA_DETAILS_RowCreated"> <RowStyle BackColor="#FFFBD6" ForeColor="#333333" /> <Columns> <asp:BoundField DataField="ON_RowNumber" HeaderText="SNo" /> <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="RFA/RAD/Ticket No*"> <ItemTemplate> <asp:TextBox ID="OV_RFA_NO" runat="server" Width="120"></asp:TextBox> </ItemTemplate> </asp:TemplateField>

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  • post and pre increment in c

    - by jammkie same
    void main() { int a=2 , c; c=a++ + ++a + ++a + ++a; printf("%d",c); } prints 20, whereas void main() { int a=2; int c=a++ + ++a + ++a + ++a; printf("%d",c); } prints 17. Can someone explain the reason for this.

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  • CGAffineTransformMakeRotation goes the other way after 180 degrees (-3.14)

    - by TheKillerDev
    So, i am trying to do a very simple disc rotation (2d), according to the user touch on it, just like a DJ or something. It is working, but there is a problem, after certain amount of rotation, it starts going backwards, this amount is after 180 degrees or as i saw in while logging the angle, -3.14 (pi). I was wondering, how can i achieve a infinite loop, i mean, the user can keep rotating and rotating to any side, just sliding his finger? Also a second question is, is there any way to speed up the rotation? Here is my code right now: #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface Draggable : UIImageView { CGPoint firstLoc; UILabel * fred; double angle; } @property (assign) CGPoint firstLoc; @property (retain) UILabel * fred; @end @implementation Draggable @synthesize fred, firstLoc; - (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { self = [super initWithFrame:frame]; angle = 0; if (self) { // Initialization code } return self; } -(void)handleObject:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event isLast:(BOOL)lst { UITouch *touch =[[[event allTouches] allObjects] lastObject]; CGPoint curLoc = [touch locationInView:self]; float fromAngle = atan2( firstLoc.y-self.center.y, firstLoc.x-self.center.x ); float toAngle = atan2( curLoc.y-(self.center.y+10), curLoc.x-(self.center.x+10)); float newAngle = angle + (toAngle - fromAngle); NSLog(@"%f",newAngle); CGAffineTransform cgaRotate = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(newAngle); self.transform = cgaRotate; if (lst) angle = newAngle; } -(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch =[[[event allTouches] allObjects] lastObject]; firstLoc = [touch locationInView:self]; }; -(void) touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [self handleObject:touches withEvent:event isLast:NO]; }; -(void) touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { [self handleObject:touches withEvent:event isLast:YES]; } @end And in the ViewController: UIImage *tmpImage = [UIImage imageNamed:@"theDisc.png"]; CGRect cellRectangle; cellRectangle = CGRectMake(-1,self.view.frame.size.height,tmpImage.size.width ,tmpImage.size.height ); dragger = [[Draggable alloc] initWithFrame:cellRectangle]; [dragger setImage:tmpImage]; [dragger setUserInteractionEnabled:YES]; dragger.layer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(.5,.5); [self.view addSubview:dragger]; I am open to new/cleaner/more correct ways of doing this too. Thanks in advance.

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  • JAXB doesn't unmarshal list of interfaces

    - by Joker_vD
    It seems JAXB can't read what it writes. Consider the following code: interface IFoo { void jump(); } @XmlRootElement class Bar implements IFoo { @XmlElement public String y; public Bar() { y = ""; } public Bar(String y) { this.y = y; } @Override public void jump() { System.out.println(y); } } @XmlRootElement class Baz implements IFoo { @XmlElement public int x; public Baz() { x = 0; } public Baz(int x) { this.x = x; } @Override public void jump() { System.out.println(x); } } @XmlRootElement public class Holder { private List<IFoo> things; public Holder() { things = new ArrayList<>(); } @XmlElementWrapper @XmlAnyElement public List<IFoo> getThings() { return things; } public void addThing(IFoo thing) { things.add(thing); } } // ... try { JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Holder.class, Bar.class, Baz.class); Holder holder = new Holder(); holder.addThing(new Bar("1")); holder.addThing(new Baz(2)); holder.addThing(new Baz(3)); for (IFoo thing : holder.getThings()) { thing.jump(); } StringWriter s = new StringWriter(); context.createMarshaller().marshal(holder, s); String data = s.toString(); System.out.println(data); StringReader t = new StringReader(data); Holder holder2 = (Holder)context.createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(t); for (IFoo thing : holder2.getThings()) { thing.jump(); } } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); } It's a simplified example, of course. The point is that I have to store two very differently implemented classes, Bar and Baz, in one collection. Well, I observed that they have pretty similar public interface, so I created an interface IFoo and made them two to implement it. Now, I want to have tools to save and load this collection to/from XML. Unfortunately, this code doesn't quite work: the collection is saved, but then it cannot be loaded! The intended output is 1 2 3 some xml 1 2 3 But unfortunately, the actual output is 1 2 3 some xml com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.dom.ElementNSImpl cannot be cast to testapplication1.IFoo Apparently, I need to use the annotations in a different way? Or to give up on JAXB and look for something else? I, well, can write "XMLNode toXML()" method for all classes I wan't to (de)marshal, but...

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  • Why do we have reinterpret_cast in C++ when two chained static_cast can do it's job?

    - by Nawaz
    Say I want to cast A* to char* and vice-versa, we have two choices (I mean, many of us think we've two choices, because both seems to work! Hence the confusion!): struct A { int age; char name[128]; }; A a; char *buffer = static_cast<char*>(static_cast<void*>(&a)); //choice 1 char *buffer = reinterpret_cast<char*>(&a); //choice 2 Both work fine. //convert back A *pA = static_cast<A*>(static_cast<void*>(buffer)); //choice 1 A *pA = reinterpret_cast<A*>(buffer); //choice 2 Even this works fine! So why do we have reinterpret_cast in C++ when two chained static_cast can do it's job? Some of you might think this topic is a duplicate of the previous topics such as listed at the bottom of this post, but it's not. Those topics discuss only theoretically, but none of them gives even a single example demonstrating why reintepret_cast is really needed, and two static_cast would surely fail. I agree, one static_cast would fail. But how about two? If the syntax of two chained static_cast looks cumbersome, then we can write a function template to make it more programmer-friendly: template<class To, class From> To any_cast(From v) { return static_cast<To>(static_cast<void*>(v)); } And then we can use this, as: char *buffer = any_cast<char*>(&a); //choice 1 char *buffer = reinterpret_cast<char*>(&a); //choice 2 //convert back A *pA = any_cast<A*>(buffer); //choice 1 A *pA = reinterpret_cast<A*>(buffer); //choice 2 Also, see this situation where any_cast can be useful: Proper casting for fstream read and write member functions. So my question basically is, Why do we have reinterpret_cast in C++? Please show me even a single example where two chained static_cast would surely fail to do the same job? Which cast to use; static_cast or reinterpret_cast? Cast from Void* to TYPE* : static_cast or reinterpret_cast

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  • Does iPhone SDK Objective C support functions inside of functions?

    - by Moshe
    I know that javascript, for example supports functions inside of functions, like so: function doSomething(){ function doAnothingThing(){ //this function is redefined every time doSomething() is called and only exists inside doSomething() } //you can also stick it inside of conditions if(yes){ function doSomethingElse(){ //this function only exists if yes is true } } } Does objective-c support this? Theoretical example: -(void) doSomething:(id) sender{ -(void) respondToEvent: (id) sender{ //theoretically? ... please? } } BONUS: What is the proper term for a "local" function?

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  • TestNG - Factories and Dataproviders

    - by Tim K
    Background Story I'm working at a software firm developing a test automation framework to replace our old spaghetti tangled system. Since our system requires a login for almost everything we do, I decided it would be best to use @BeforeMethod, @DataProvider, and @Factory to setup my tests. However, I've run into some issues. Sample Test Case Lets say the software system is a baseball team roster. We want to test to make sure a user can search for a team member by name. (Note: I'm aware that BeforeMethods don't run in any given order -- assume that's been taken care of for now.) @BeforeMethod public void setupSelenium() { // login with username & password // acknowledge announcements // navigate to search page } @Test(dataProvider="players") public void testSearch(String playerName, String searchTerm) { // search for "searchTerm" // browse through results // pass if we find playerName // fail (Didn't find the player) } This test case assumes the following: The user has already logged on (in a BeforeMethod, most likely) The user has already navigated to the search page (trivial, before method) The parameters to the test are associated with the aforementioned login The Problems So lets try and figure out how to handle the parameters for the test case. Idea #1 This method allows us to associate dataproviders with usernames, and lets us use multiple users for any specific test case! @Test(dataProvider="players") public void testSearch(String user, String pass, String name, String search) { // login with user/pass // acknowledge announcements // navigate to search page // ... } ...but there's lots of repetition, as we have to make EVERY function accept two extra parameters. Not to mention, we're also testing the acknowledge announcements feature, which we don't actually want to test. Idea #2 So lets use the factory to initialize things properly! class BaseTestCase { public BaseTestCase(String user, String password, Object[][] data); } class SomeTest { @Factory public void ... } With this, we end up having to write one factory per test case... Although, it does let us have multiple users per test-case. Conclusion I'm about fresh out of ideas. There was another idea I had where I was loading data from an XML file, and then calling the methods from a program... but its getting silly. Any ideas?

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  • Doing things with objects as if they were parents

    - by General Ackbar
    Sorry that this is probably a super noob question. But the following code give me an error saying that there are invalid arguments in my call of doStuffToLines(segments) shouldnt I be able to do this since I have my DimensionLineSegment inherits from Lines? private void doStuff() { List<DimensionLineSegment> segments = new List<DimensionLineSegment>(); doStuffToLines(segments); } private void doStuffToLines(List<Line> lines) { }

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  • GCC Preprocessor for inline method name

    - by Maz
    Hi I'm working on a project where I have code like the following: #define NAME() Array inline NAME()* NAME()_init (void* arg0){return (NAME()*)Object_init(arg0);} But I get the following result: inline Array* Array _init (void* arg0){return (Array*)Object_init(arg0);} With a space between the "Array" and the "_init" Because this is a function name, I obviously do not want the space. Does anyone know how to get the space out? Thanks.

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  • JProgressBar.stringPainted(true); is not working

    - by Mirza Ghalib
    This is a part of my java code, in this code I have written that when I click the button the value of JProgressBar should becomes 0 and stringPainted(); becomes true, but "string painted" is not visible when I click the button, please help. import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.FlowLayout; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JProgressBar; public class R implements ActionListener { static int y; CustomProgressBar b = new CustomProgressBar(); public static void main(String arg[]) throws Exception { new R(); } public R() throws Exception { JFrame f = new JFrame(); JButton btn = new JButton("Click"); f.setExtendedState(JFrame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setUndecorated(true); f.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); btn.addActionListener(this); f.add(b); f.add(btn); f.setVisible(true); } class CustomProgressBar extends JProgressBar{ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private boolean isStringToBePainted = false; public CustomProgressBar() { super(JProgressBar.VERTICAL,0,100); } @Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); if(isStringToBePainted ) { Dimension size = CustomProgressBar.this.getSize(); if( CustomProgressBar.this.getPercentComplete()<0.9 ) R.y = (int)( size.height - size.height * CustomProgressBar.this.getPercentComplete() ); String text = getString(); g.setColor(Color.BLACK ); g.drawString(text, 0, R.y); } } @Override public void setStringPainted(boolean b) { isStringToBePainted=b; } } @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { b.setValue(0); b.setStringPainted(true); } }

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  • Prevent delegate method from being called too often

    - by Lord Zsolt
    How would you add a delay between certain method being called? This is my code that I want to only trigger 30 times per second: - (void) scrollViewDidScroll: (UIScrollView*)scrollView { [self performSelector:@selector(needsDisplay) withObject:nil afterDelay:0.033]; } - (void) needsDisplay { [captureView setNeedsDisplay]; } If I leave it like this, it only gets called after the user stopped scrolling. What I want to do is call the method when the user is scrolling, but with a delay of 33 milliseconds between each call.

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  • How to const declare the this pointer sent as parameter

    - by Tomas
    Hi, I want to const declare the this pointer received as an argument. static void Class::func(const OtherClass *otherClass) { // use otherClass pointer to read, but not write to it. } It is being called like this: void OtherClass::func() { Class::func(this); } This does not compile nad if i dont const declare the OtherClass pointer, I can change it. Thanks.

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  • Objective C: Class Extensions and Protocol Conformation Warnings

    - by Ben Reeves
    I have a large class, which I have divided into several different class extension files for readability. @protocol MyProtocol @required -(void)required; @end @interface MyClass : NSObject <MyProtocol> @end @interface MyClass (RequiredExtension) -(void)required; @end Is there a better way to do this, without the compiler warning? warning: class 'MyClass' does not fully implement the 'MyProtocol' protocol

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